Name: investigations on the ga(iii) complex of eob-dtpa and its 68ga radiolabeled analogue
Uploaded: 2016-08-17T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Investigations on the GaIII Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue at JoVE.com

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EOB-DTPA와 조지아 1. 준비 [EOB-DTPA] 주의 : 사용하기 전에 사용되는 유기 용매, 산 및 알카라인의 모든 관련 물질 안전 보건 자료 (MSDS)를 참조하십시오. 흄 후드에서 모든 단계를 수행하고 개인 보호 장비 (안전 안경, 장갑, 실험실 코트)를 사용합니다. <ol><li> gadoxetic 산에서 EOB-DTPA의 분리 <ol><li> 플라스크에 0.25 M gadoxetic 산 주사 용액 3 ㎖를 넣습니다. 교반 된 용액에 옥살산 500 밀리...

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EOB-DTPA 다단계 합성 (33)를 통해 액세스 할 수 있지만 단지 또 gadoxetic 아세트산 함유 사용할 조영제로부터 분리 될 수있다. 이를 위해, 중앙 하나님 (III) 이온은 옥살산의 과잉으로 석출 할 수있다. 하나님 (III), 옥살산 및 옥살산을 제거한 후 리간드을 pH 1.5에서 냉수 침전에 의해 단리 될 수있다. 그러나, 여액 수율 칼럼 크로마토 향상시키기 위해서 대신에 또는 후속 절차로 수행 될 수있다. ...

Gadoxetic 산, EOB-DTPA 한 리간드 Gd의 (III) 착물에 대한 일반적인 이름 인해 간 간세포 높은 퍼센티지는 특정 흡수에 간담 자기 공명 영상 (MRI). 2,3-에서 자주 사용되는 조영제 인 간담 배설의이 초점 병변 및 간 종양의 위치 파악을 가능하게한다. 2-5 그러나 MRI 기술의 특정 제한 사항 (예를 들면, 조영제의 독성, 밀실 공포증 또는 금속 임플란트 환자에서 제한 적용) 다른 진단 도구를 요구 . 양전자 방출 단층 촬영 (PET)는 본문에 그 분포는 PET 스캐너로 기록되는 때 방사성 물질 (추적)을 소량 투여하는 것을 특징 분자 이미징 법을한다. 6 PET 높은 허용 동적 방법 않고도 시공간 이미지 해상도뿐만 아니라 결과를 정량화MRI 조영제의 부작용 다룬다. 얻어진 메타 정보의 정보 값이 상기와 같은 가장 일반적으로 PET / CT 스캐너의 전산화 단층 촬영 (CT)과 하이브리드 이미징 달성 추가 촬상 수단으로부터 수신 된 데이터와 해부학 적 조합에 의해 증가 될 수있다. PET 적합한 트레이서의 화학 구조는 양전자 방출로서 방사성 동위 원소를 포함한다. 양전자는 즉시 주변 조직의 원자 껍질의 전자를 몰살하기 때문에 짧은 수명을 가지고있다. 소멸함으로써 움직임 반대 방향으로 두 511 keV의 감마 광자는 PET 스캐너에 의해 기록되는, 방출된다. 7,8, PET 핵종은 분자에 공유 결합 될 수있는 탐침을 형성하는 2- 데 옥시의 경우처럼 2- [F 18] fluoroglucose (FDG)는 가장 널리 사용되는 PET 추적자. 7 그러나 핵종는 하나 이상의 리간드에 배위 결합을 형성 할 수있다 (예를 들면[68 조지아] -DOTATOC 9,10) 나)는 (용해 된 무기 염으로 예컨대, [F 18] (11), 불화 나트륨을 적용. 그것의 생체 내 분포, 대사 및 배설 동작을 결정으로서 전체적으로 트레이서의 구조가 중요하다. 적합한 애완 동물 핵종 편리 양전자 에너지 및 가용성뿐만 아니라 의도 된 조사에 적합한 반감기 같은 유리한 특성을 결합해야합니다. 68 조지아 핵종은 지난 20 년간 PET 분야에서 필수적인 힘이되었다. 12,13이 때문에 사이클로트론 부근으로부터 독립적 현장 라벨링 할 수있는 발전기 시스템으로의 가용성을 주로한다. 발전기에서 어머니 (68) 창은 딸 핵종 (68) 가인이 적당한 킬레이트로 용출하고 이후에 표시되는 열을 흡수 핵종. 6,14 68 조지아의 핵종은 trival로 존재하기 때문에gadoxetic 산 같은 전반적인 음전하와 복합체를 얻을 것 대신에 68 조지아와 EOB-DTPA를 킬레이트 단지 하나님 (III) 10, 13와 같은 엔트 양이온. 따라서, 그 68 조지아의 추적은 PET 영상에 대한 적합성과 유사한 특성 간 특이성을 결합 할 수 있습니다. gadoxetic 산 다음과 같은 맥락에서 구입하고, 나트륨 염으로 관리하고 있지만 우리는 하나님 [EOB-DTPA]과 같이 참조됩니다 조지아 [EOB-DTPA, 또는 68 조지아 [같은 비 방사성 조지아 (III) 복잡한 편의상 방사성 표지 된 성분의 경우 EOB-DTPA]. PET에 대한 추적자는, 방사성 금속 착물 먼저 생체 내 또는 생체 외 실험에서, 체외에서 광범위하게 조사 할 필요가 그들의 적용 가능성을 알아보고자 하였다. 각각의 의료 문제에 대한 적합성을 확인하려면, 생체 분포 행동과 통관 프로필, 안정성, 장기 특이 세포 또는 tissu 같은 다양한 추적 특성전자 흡수를 조사 할 필요가있다. 그들의 비 침습적 문자, 체외 결정은 종종 생체 실험 이전에 수행된다. 일반적으로 생체 내에서 투여시 DTPA 및 그 유도체가 비교적 빨리 분해의 결과로 운동 불활성 결여로 인해이 단지 68 조지아에 대한 킬레이트, 제한된 적합성의 것으로 인정된다. 14-20 이것은 주로 역할을 apo- 트랜스페린에 의해 발생 플라즈마에서 68 조지아에 대한 경쟁. 그럼에도 불구하고, 우리는 진단 정보함으로써 반드시 장기 추적 안정성을 필요로하지 않는, 분 이내에 포스트 분사 3,4,21-23를 제공 할 수있다 특징으로 간담 영상에서의 가능한 적용에 관한 새로운 추적을 조사 하였다. 이를 위해 우리는 gadoxetic 산에서 EOB-DTPA를 분리하고 처음 두 개의 안정 동위 원소, 69 Ga 및 (71)의 혼합물로서 존재하는 자연 조지아 (III)와 착물을 수행 </SUP&gt; 조지아. 복잡한 따라서 68 조지아의 다음 킬레이트 비 방사성 표준을 역임 얻을. 우리는 방법을 확립 함과 동시에 EOB-DTPA의 68 Galabeling 효율을 결정하고 새로운 68 조지아 트레이서의 친 유성 및 다른 매체에서의 안정성을 조사하기 위해 자신의 적합성을 평가 사용했다.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="682">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">primovist</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Bayer</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">0.25 M</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">gallium(III) chloride</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">450898</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">water (deionized)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>&#160;tap water deionizing equipment by Auma-Tec GmbH</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">hydrochloric acid 12 M</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">20252.29</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">sodium hydroxide</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Polskie Odczynniki Chemiczne S.A.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">810925429</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">oxalic acid</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">75688</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">ethyl acetate</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Brenntag GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10010447</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">silica gel</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.10832.9025</td>
			<td>Geduran Si 60 0,063-0,2 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">TLC silica gel 60 F254</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.16834.0001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">methanol</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">20903.55</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">ethanol</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Brenntag GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10018366</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">eiethylether</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">23807.468</td>
			<td>stored over KOH plates</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">ammonia solution (25 %)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1133.1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pH electrode</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">662-1657</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">stirring and heating unit</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Heidolph</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">505-20000-00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pump</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Ilmvac GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">322002</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">frit</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">custom design</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">NMR spectrometer</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Bruker Coorporation</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Ultra Shield 400</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">mass spectrometer</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">elemental analyser</td>
			<td>Hekatech GmbH Analysentechnik</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>EuroVector EA 3000 CHNS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:216px;">deuterated water D2O</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">euriso-top</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">D214</td>
			<td>99,90 % D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Name</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td colspan="4" height="21" style="height:21px;width:681px;">Material/Equipment required for labeling procedures</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">68Ge/68Ga generator</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">ITG Isotope Technologies Garching GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A150</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pump and dispenser system</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Scintomics GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Variosystem</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">hydrochloric acid 30 % (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.00318.1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">water (ultrapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.01262.1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">sodium chloride (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.06406.0500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">sodium acetate (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.06264.0050</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">glacial acetic acid (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.00066.0250</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">sodium citrate dihydrate</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VEB Laborchemie Apolda</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10782</td>
			<td>&#62;98.5%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">PS-H+ Cartridge (S)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Macherey-Nagel</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">731867</td>
			<td>Chromafix</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">apo-Transferrin</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">T2036</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">PBS&#160; buffer (tablets)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">79382</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">human serum</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">H4522</td>
			<td>from human male AB plasma</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">flasks, columns etc.</td>
			<td style="width:180px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;">custom design</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">pH electrode</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Knick Elektronische Messger&#228;te GmbH &#38; Co. KG</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">765-Set</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">binary pump (HPLC)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Hewlett-Packard</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G1312A (HP 1100)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">UV Vis detector (HPLC)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Hewlett-Packard</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G1315A (HP 1100)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">radioactive detector (HPLC)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">EGRC Berthold</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">HPLC C-18-PFP column</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Advanced Chromatography Technologies Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ACE-1110-1503/A100528</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">HPLC glass vials</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">GTG Glastechnik Graefenroda GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">8004-HP-H/i3&#181;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pipette</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Eppendorf</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">plastic vials</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sarstedt AG &#38; Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">6542.007</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">plastic vials</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Greiner Bio-One International GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">717201</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">activimeter</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">MED Nuklear-Medizintechnik Dresden GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Isomed 2010</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">tweezers</td>
			<td style="width:180px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;">custom design</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">incubator</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Heraeus Instruments GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">51008815</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">vortex mixer</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Fisons</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Whirlimixer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Heraeus Instruments GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">75003360</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">gamma well counter</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">MED Nuklear-Medizintechnik Dresden GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Isomed 2100</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">water for chromatography</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.15333.2500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">acetonitrile for chromatography</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.00030.2500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">trifluoroacetic acid</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">91707</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">TLC radioactivity scanner</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">raytest Isotopenmessger&#228;te GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">B00003875</td>
			<td>equipped with beta plastic detector</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

investigations on the ga(iii) complex of eob-dtpa and its 68ga radiolabeled analogue

우리는 EOB-DTPA (-3,6,9- 트리 아자 -3,6,9- 트리스 (카르복시 메틸) -4- (에 톡시) -undecanedioic 산)의 하나님 (III)에서 복잡한 프로토콜의 분리 방법을 보여 그 소설 비 방사성, 즉, 자연 조지아 (III)뿐만 아니라 방사성 68 조지아 복합체의 제조. 착물 리간드뿐만 아니라의 Ga (III)는 핵 자기 공명 (NMR) 분광법, 질량 분석 및 원소 분석을 특징으로 하였다. 68 조지아 68의 Ge / 68 조지아 발생기로부터 표준 용출 방법으로 얻었다. 실험은 3.8-4.0를 실시했다 pH에서 EOB-DTPA의 68 조지아 - 라벨의 효율성을 평가한다. 설립 분석 기술 무선 TLC (박층 크로마토 그래피) 및 라디오 HPLC (고성능 액체 크로마토 그래피)는 탐침의 방사 화학적 순도를 결정 하였다. 68 조지아의 추적자 &#39;친 유성 n 옥탄 올 / 물 소소의 첫 번째 조사로는 pH 7.4 용액에 존재하는 68 종의 Ga N 계수 추출 방법에 의해 측정 하였다. 실시 하였다 생리적 pH에서 각종 미디어의 추적자 시험 관내 안정성의 측정, 다른 분해 속도를 드러내는.

리간드 EOB-DTPA와 비 방사성의 Ga (III) 1 H, 13 C} {1 H NMR 스펙트럼, 질량 분석 및 원소 분석을 통해 분석 하였다 복합체. 도 1-6에 표 1에 도시하고 그 결과는 물질의 순도를 확인. 68 창 / 68 조지아 발생기의 용출은 400-600 MBq의 68 조지아의 솔루션을 얻?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Investigations on the GaIII Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue at JoVE.com

Investigations on the GaIII Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue

EOB-DTPA의 분리 및 후속 착화 천연의 Ga (III) 및 (68)의 Ga 명세서 제시뿐만 아니라 표지 효율 모든 화합물 및 조사의 철저한 분석 시험 관내 안정성 및 N- 옥탄 올 / 물하는 수순 방사성 표지 복합체의 분배비.

EOB-DTPA와의 조지아 (III) 단지에 대한 조사 그것<sup&gt; (68)</sup&gt; 조지아 방사성 표지 된 아날로그

We demonstrate a method for the isolation of EOB-DTPA (3,6,9-triaza-3,6,9-tris(carboxymethyl)-4-(ethoxybenzyl)-undecanedioic acid) from its Gd(III) ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Investigations on the Ga(III) Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue

LabVIEW-operated Novel Nanoliter Osmometer for Ice Binding Protein Investigations

아이스 바인딩 단백질 수사 LabVIEW 운영하는 소설 Nanoliter의 Osmometer

Ice-binding proteins (IBPs), including antifreeze proteins, ice structuring proteins, thermal hysteresis proteins, and ice recrystallization inhibition ...

연구

화학

Reductive Electropolymerization of a Vinyl-containing Poly-pyridyl Complex on Glassy Carbon and Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide Electrodes

유리 탄소와 불소 도핑 된 주석 산화물 전극에 비닐 함유 폴리 피리 딜 단지의 환원 적 전기 중합

Controllable electrode surface modification is important in a number of fields, especially those with solar fuels applications. Electropolymerization is ...

Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods

의 CdSe @ CdS와 나노 막대에 이리듐 산화물 나노 입자의 광 화학적 산화 성장

We demonstrate a procedure for the photochemical oxidative growth of iridium oxide catalysts on the surface of seeded cadmium selenide-cadmium sulfide ...

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Control over colloidal assembly is of utmost importance for the development of functional colloidal materials with tailored structural and mechanical ...

On-line Analysis of Nitrogen Containing Compounds in Complex Hydrocarbon Matrixes

복잡한 탄화수소 행렬에 질소 함유 화합물의 온라인 분석

The shift to heavy crude oils and the use of alternative fossil resources such as shale oil are a challenge for the petrochemical industry. The ...

Preparation of Chitosan-based Injectable Hydrogels and Its Application in 3D Cell Culture

주 사용 Hydrogels 키토 산 기반 및 3D 세포 배양에서의 응용의 준비

The protocol presents a facile, efficient, and versatile method to prepare chitosan-based hydrogels using dynamic imine chemistry. The hydrogel is ...

Bio-inspired Polydopamine Surface Modification of Nanodiamonds and Its Reduction of Silver Nanoparticles

Nanodiamonds 및은 나노 입자의 그것의 감소의 바이오 영감 Polydopamine 표면 수정

Surface functionalization of nanodiamonds (NDs) is still challenging due to the diversity of functional groups on the ND surfaces. Here, we demonstrate a ...

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

녹은 소금 복합 금속 산화물 나노 입자의 합성

The development of feasible synthesis methods is critical for the successful exploration of novel properties and potential applications of nanomaterials. ...

Extraction of Lignin with High &#946;-O-4 Content by Mild Ethanol Extraction and Its Effect on the Depolymerization Yield

Extraction of Lignin with High ÃƒÆ’Ã…Â½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â²-O-4 Content by Mild Ethanol Extraction and Its Effect on the Depolymerization Yield

온화한 에탄올 추출 및 Depolymerization 수율에 미치는 영향에 의해 높은 β-O-4 콘텐츠 리그 닌의 추출

Lignin valorization strategies are a key factor for achieving more economically competitive biorefineries based on lignocellulosic biomass. Most of the ...