Name: flow cytometric analysis of natural killer cell lytic activity in human whole blood
Uploaded: 2017-03-17T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Flow Cytometric Analysis of Natural Killer Cell Lytic Activity in Human Whole Blood at JoVE.com

This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2100-68003-30395 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.

NOTA: Tutte le procedure di raccolta del sangue sono state condotte in conformità con le linee guida stabilite dalla Appalachian State University (ASU) Institutional Review Board (IRB). 1. Raccolta Sangue intero <ol><li> Avere un flebotomo certificato prelevare il sangue secondo le linee guida dell&#39;Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità. </li><li> Disegnare il sangue in un 4 ml di tubo di raccolta del sangue contenente acido Di-Potassio etilendiamminotetraacetico (K 2 EDTA)....

<ol>
	<li>Cerwenka, A., Lanier, L. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Natural+killer+cells,+viruses+and+cancer.">Natural killer cells, viruses and cancer.</a> Nat Rev Immunol. 1 (1), 41-49 (2001).</li><li>Nieman, D. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Exercise,+infection,+and+immunity.">Exercise, infection, and immunity.</a> Int J Sports Med. 15, 131-141 (1994).</li><li>Romeo, J., Warnberg, J., Pozo, T., Marcos, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Physical+activity,+immunity+and+infection.">Physical activity, immunity and infection.</a> Proc Nutr Soc. 69 (3), 390-399 (2010).</li><li>Nieman, D. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Marathon+training+and+immune+function.">Marathon training and immune function.</a> Sports Med. 37 (4-5), 412-415 (2007).</li><li>Simpson, R. J., Kunz, H., Agha, N., Graff, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Exercise+and+the+Regulation+of+Immune+Functions.">Exercise and the Regulation of Immune Functions.</a> Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 135, 355-380 (2015).</li><li>Walsh, N. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Position+statement.+Part+one:+Immune+function+and+exercise.">Position statement. Part one: Immune function and exercise.</a> Exerc Immunol Rev. 17, 6-63 (2011).</li><li>Timmons, B. W., Cieslak, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+natural+killer+cell+subsets+and+acute+exercise:+a+brief+review.">Human natural killer cell subsets and acute exercise: a brief review.</a> Exerc Immunol Rev. 14, 8-23 (2008).</li><li>Westermann, J., Pabst, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Distribution+of+lymphocyte+subsets+and+natural+killer+cells+in+the+human+body.">Distribution of lymphocyte subsets and natural killer cells in the human body.</a> Clin Investig. 70 (7), 539-544 (1992).</li><li>Boyum, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+of+leucocytes+from+human+blood.+Further+observations.+Methylcellulose,+dextran,+and+ficoll+as+erythrocyteaggregating+agents.">Isolation of leucocytes from human blood. 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A., Travers, P., Walport, M., Shlomchik, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease. 5th edn. , (2001).</li></ol>

Il metodo descritto in questo studio misura direttamente l&#39;attività specifica di cellule NK di un individuo in risposta a stimoli (in questo caso particolare, esercizio prolungato). Tipicamente, le cellule NK sono isolati dal proprio sangue utilizzando gradienti di densità o di separazione delle cellule utilizzando una combinazione di marcatori. Mentre questi metodi sono ampiamente utilizzati, hanno molti svantaggi: sono in termini di tempo, coinvolgono più manipolazioni, e sono fortemente dipendenti dell&#39;ute...

cellule killer naturali sono un elemento essenziale del sistema immunitario innato. Mentre sono molto disciplinati, hanno la capacità di riconoscere ed eliminare le cellule anomale attraverso il contatto cellula-cellula e senza attivazione preventiva 1. Come tali, essi formano una linea veloce di difesa contro le infezioni. Esercizio, particolarmente intenso, ha dimostrato di deprimere transitoriamente il sistema immunitario 2, 3, 4, 5. Cellule NK sono particolarmente soggetti a questo effetto 4, 6, 7, creando una finestra di una maggiore sensibilità alla malattia. Pertanto, lo studio di interventi prima, durante o dopo un intenso esercizio con l&#39;obiettivo di ridurre l&#39;impatto sulla funzione delle cellule NK è di particolare interesse per il benessere degli atleti post-concorsi. 8, a circa l&#39;1% del vano globuli bianchi; 2) le cellule NK sono molto sensibili allo stress e si basano su costante esposizione a condizioni fisiologiche di rimanere vitali e stabile durante la sperimentazione; e 3) test standard per determinare la citotossicità delle cellule NK, come Ficoll gradienti 9 e rilasciare dosaggi 10, sono inaffidabili e inconsistenti. La variabilità intrinseca dei campioni umani composti soltanto questi problemi. campioni umani freschi raccolti durante interventi sono abbastanza regolamentato e difficili da procurare, almeno rispetto ai campioni animali o linee cellulari immortalizzate. Questo riduce la possibilità di ripetere gli esperimenti o aggiungere partecipanti allo studio di coorte per raggiungere significativi soglie statistiche. Collettivamente, questi problemi sostengono la necessità di un protocollo semplificato che permette FOR sia high-throughput e l&#39;analisi ad alta affidabilità di NK attività litica delle cellule in campioni umani. Abbiamo stabilito un flusso di lavoro che riduce il tempo necessario per identificare, isolare e le cellule NK di prova da sangue intero umano, riducendo al minimo l&#39;esposizione a fattori estranei. Il metodo ottimizza l&#39;uso di due strumenti, un sorter magnetico a base cellulare e un flusso di imaging citometro, ed una, T ottimizzata specifico per il dosaggio: rapporto E per consentire il rilevamento di diminuzioni o incrementi di citotossicità delle cellule NK.

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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:371px;">K-562 lymphoblasts</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">CCL-243</td>
			<td style="width:585px;"></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Iscove&#39;s Modified Dulbecco&#39;s Media</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">30-2005</td>
			<td>High glucose, with L-Glutamine, with HEPES, Sterile-filtered</td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">Alpha Minimum Essential medium</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">CRL-2407</td>
			<td style="width:585px;">Without ribonucleosides and deoxyribonucleosides but with 2 mM L-glutamine and 1.5 g/L sodium bicarbonate</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:371px;">Trypan Blue Solution 0.4%</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Amresco</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">K940-100ML</td>
			<td>Tissue culture grade</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:371px;">Propridium Iodide Staining Solution</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">51-66211E</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:371px;">Vybranto DiO cell-labeling solution</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Vybranto</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">V-22886</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:371px;">autoMACS Pro Separator</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">130-092-545</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:371px;">autoMACS Running Buffer</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">130-091-221</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:371px;">autoMACS Washing Buffer</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">130-092-987</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:371px;">autoMACS Columns</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">130-021-101</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Whole Blood CD56 MicroBeads, human</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">130-090-875</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ImageStream X Mark II Imaging Flow Cytometer</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">EMD Millipore</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Speedbeads</td>
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			<td style="width:136px;">400030</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">0.4-0.7% Hypochlorite (Sterilizer)</td>
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			<td>JT9416-1</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Coulter Clenz</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>8546929</td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">70% Isopropanol (Debubbler)</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">EMD Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">1.3704</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">D-PBS (Sheath fluid)</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">EMD Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">BSS-1006-B (1X)</td>
			<td>No calcium or magnesium</td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">INSPIRE Software</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">EMD Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td>Version Mark II, September 2013</td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Ideas Application Software</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">EMD Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td>Version 6.1, July 2014</td>
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flow cytometric analysis of natural killer cell lytic activity in human whole blood

citotossicità delle cellule NK è una misura ampiamente utilizzato per determinare l&#39;effetto di un intervento esterno sulla funzione delle cellule NK. Tuttavia, la precisione e la riproducibilità di questo test possono essere considerati instabili, sia a causa di errori dell&#39;utente oa causa della sensibilità delle cellule NK di manipolazione sperimentale. Per eliminare questi problemi, un flusso di lavoro che li riduce al minimo è stato stabilito ed è presentato qui. Per illustrare, abbiamo ottenuto campioni di sangue, in vari momenti, da corridori (n = 4), che sono stati sottoposti ad un intenso periodo di esercizio. In primo luogo, le cellule NK sono contemporaneamente identificati e isolati attraverso CD56 tagging e smistamento magnetico-based, direttamente dal sangue intero e da un minimo di un millilitro. Le cellule NK ordinati vengono rimossi di eventuali anticorpi reagenti o tappatura. Essi possono essere contati per stabilire un accurato conteggio delle cellule NK per millilitro di sangue. In secondo luogo, le cellule NK ordinati (effettori cellule o E) possono essere miscelati con 3,3&#39;-Diotadecyloxacarbocyanine perclorato (DIO) etichettato cellule K562 (cellule bersaglio o T) in un saggio-ottimale 1: 5 T: rapporto E e analizzato utilizzando un flusso-citometria di imaging che permette la visualizzazione di ogni evento e l&#39;eliminazione di falsi positivi o falsi negativi (come doppiette o cellule effettrici). Questo flusso di lavoro può essere completato in circa 4 ore, e consente di ottenere risultati molto stabili anche quando si lavora con campioni umani. Quando disponibile, gruppi di ricerca possono testare diversi interventi sperimentali in soggetti umani, e confrontare le misurazioni attraverso diversi punti di tempo senza compromettere l&#39;integrità dei dati.

Determinazione del numero di cellule NK L&#39;effetto della corsa pesante sul conteggio delle cellule NK nel sangue intero è stato misurato, utilizzando il protocollo di esercizio descritto nella Figura 2. I campioni di sangue sono stati elaborati prima dell&#39;esercizio, immediatamente dopo l&#39;esercizio, 1,5 ore dopo l&#39;esercizio, e, infine, 24 e 48 ore dopo il prelievo di sangue iniziale. La concentrazione di cellule NK per millilitro di sangue intero è...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Flow Cytometric Analysis of Natural Killer Cell Lytic Activity in Human Whole Blood at JoVE.com

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Natural Killer Cell Lytic Activity in Human Whole Blood

This work describes an advanced workflow for the accurate and fast determination of NK (Natural Killer) cell count and NK cell cytotoxicity in human blood samples.

Flusso analisi di citometria di Natural Killer cellulare Lytic attività nel Sangue umano intero

NK cell cytotoxicity is a widely used measure to determine the effect of outside intervention on NK cell function. However, the accuracy and ...

The overall goal of this experiment is to determine NK cell count and cytotoxic activation levels in a human whole blood sample in a fast, reliable and stable manner. This method can help answer questions in the immunological fields, such as, What are the effects of outside interventions on the bioactivity of NK cells? The main advantage of this technique is that it is fast and accurate, While still providing reproducible results across experiments.To isolate NK cells from human whole blood, first place 15 milliliter tubes labeled Whole blood sample, Negative Fraction and Positive Fraction into the appropriate positions in the cell separator tube rack. When all of the tubes are loaded, insert the separator rack onto the mini-sampler for auto labeling, and select Reagent on the menu, to highlight the position where the vial will be placed on the rack. Select Read Reagent to activate the 2D code reader and hold the appropriate reagent vial in front of the 2D code reader at an angle 0.5 to 2.5 centimeters from the code reader cover.Place the read vial into the appropriate separator rack position. Next, under the Separation tab, highlight the desired positions. Then open the Labeling submenu and select an auto-labeling program.Assign the cell separation reagent microbeads to rack positions 1, 2, 3 and 4. And select the Posselwb separaton program. Select the Rinse Wash program.Enter 1500 microliters for the Sample Volume under the Volume sub menu, and press Enter. Then click Run to begin the cell separation. Clicking okay to confirm that enough buffer is available for processing all of the samples.To prepare a Cytotoxicity Assay sample, first, label 1.5 milliliter tubes for each sample and/or participant as appropriate, and pipe out the desired ratio of NK cells and DIO labeled K562 cells into each tube. Collect the cells by centrifugation, and carefully remove the supernatant without disturbing the cell pellet. Next, resuspend the cell mixture in 500 microliters of incomplete NK cell medium, and label the cells in each tube with 5 microliters of propidium iodide.Collect the cells via another centrifugation, and incubate the cull culture at 37 degrees celsius for two hours. At the end of the incubation, centrifuge the cells under the same centrifuge conditions, and resuspend the pellet in 25 microliters of fresh incomplete NK cell culture medium. To analyze the cells by Flow Cytometry, first, click the start up button in the imaging flow cytometer software to flush the system.Next, click on the scatterplot button to create four scatterplots, and load the double positive control tube. Using the double positive control sample, determine the desired intensity for the 405 milliwatt laser, so that the detector is not overloaded, and set the imager to acquire the appropriate number of cell counts. Setting the 405 milliwatt laser at an intensity that is suitable for the detection of both DIO and PI will require experience with both dyes and the detection range of the flow cytometer.After the acquisition of the double positive control sample finishes, load the DIO only control sample, select the 40X objective, and turn off the 642 milliwatt laser and the Brightfield channel. Breed the appropriate number of cells and repeat the acquisition for the propidium iodide only sample. When all of the control samples have been run, turn the 405 milliwatt laser and Brightfield channel, back on, and click Set Intensity.Then, under the File Acquisition tab, enter a custom file name, and select a folder for saving the data files. Next, enter the number of cells to acquire. Load the first experimental sample tube and click the Acquire button.When all of the samples have been run, open the imaging flow cytometer analysis software application, and open a single experimental RIF file. Under the compensation tab, select Create New Matrix. The software will prompt for the selection of the single color files, and merge them to create a matrix file to be selected for applying the channel compensation.Use the Building Blocks function to set up the appropriate dot plots. Then click on the statistics function to access the cell numbers in each gate. In this representative experiment, blood samples were drawn as indicated and the concentration of NK cells per milliliter of whole blood was measured for each runner, and on average for each time point.Three out of four runners presented a similar slight increase in NK cell count after exercise. Immediately followed by a sharp decrease, before slowly returning to normal, 24 to 48 hours after the end of the event. On average the NK cell count decreased 1.5 hours after exercise, but returned to near normal levels after 24 hours.After calculating the cell count, the cytotoxic activity of the NK cells was immediately analyzed as just demonstrated, with an average decrease in NK cell cytotoxicity immediately, and 1.5 hours after the termination of the exercise event, that increased significantly by 24 hours post exercise. The NK cytotoxicity remained high compared to the pre-exercise levels, albeit nonsignificantly. Once mastered, this technique can be completed in about four hours when performed properly.After watching this video, you should have a good understanding of how to obtain and characterize NK cells count and cytotoxic activity from human blood samples in a reproducible hydropic manner.

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Super-Resolution Imaging di cellule Natural Killer immunologica Sinapsi su un vetro supportato Planar doppio strato lipidico

The glass-supported planar lipid bilayer system has been utilized in a variety of disciplines. One of the most useful applications of this technique has ...

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Whole-animal Imaging and Flow Cytometric Techniques for Analysis of Antigen-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses after Nanoparticle Vaccination

Imaging Whole-animale e di citometria a flusso tecniche di analisi di Antigen-specific CD8 + cellule T Risposte dopo nanoparticelle vaccinazione

Traditional vaccine adjuvants, such as alum, elicit suboptimal CD8+ T cell responses. To address this major challenge in vaccine development, various ...

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells from the Ischemic Mouse Brain

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Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Glioma-infiltrating Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Isolamento e analisi citofluorimetrica di-Glioma infiltrazione sangue periferico mononucleari Cellule

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A Simple Flow Cytometric Method to Measure Glucose Uptake and Glucose Transporter Expression for Monocyte Subpopulations in Whole Blood

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Monocytes are innate immune cells that can be activated by pathogens and inflammation associated with certain chronic inflammatory diseases. Activation of ...

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Particle-bound Bet v 1 Allergen in PM10

Flusso analisi di citometria di Particle-bound Bet v 1 allergene in PM10

Flow cytometry is a method widely used to quantify suspended solids such as cells or bacteria in a size range from 0.5 to several tens of micrometers in ...

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Gamma Delta T Cells

L&#39;isolamento e la citometria a flusso Analisi di Human endocervicale Gamma Delta T Cells

The female reproductive tract (FRT) mucosal immune system serves as the first line of defense. Better knowledge of the genital mucosa is therefore ...

Dextran Enhances the Lentiviral Transduction Efficiency of Murine and Human Primary NK Cells

Destrano migliora l'efficienza di trasduzione lentivirale di cellule NK primarie Murine ed umane

The efficient transduction of specific genes into natural killer (NK) cells has been a major challenge. Successful transductions are critical to defining ...

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry

Cella singola analisi di Immunophenotype e produzione di citochine nel sangue periferico intero tramite citometria a massa

Cytokines play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Hence, the measurement of cytokine levels has been the focus of multiple studies ...

Characterization of Human Monocyte Subsets by Whole Blood Flow Cytometry Analysis

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Monocytes are key contributors in various inflammatory disorders and alterations to these cells, including their subset proportions and functions, can ...