Name: in vitro differentiation of human cd4+foxp3+ induced regulatory t cells (itregs) from na&#239;ve cd4+ t cells using a tgf-&#946;-containing protocol
Uploaded: 2016-12-30T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vitro Differentiation of Human CD4+FOXP3+ Induced Regulatory T Cells iTregs from NaÃƒÂ¯ve CD4+ T Cells Using a TGF-ÃŽÂ²-containing Protocol at JoVE.com

Nina Nagel is gratefully acknowledged for technical assistance during the video shoot and experimental preparation. We thank Eva-Maria Weiss for help with the intracellular FOXP3 staining protocol and Elisabeth Suri-Payer and Nina Oberle for establishing the nTreg isolation protocol. Matilda Eriksson and Peri Noori are acknowledged for laboratory management. 
Funding: A.S. was supported by a Marie Curie Intra European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme, the Dr. &#197;ke Olsson Foundation and KI research foundations; A.S. and J.T. were supported by a CERIC (Center of Excellence for Research on Inflammation and Cardiovascular disease) grant, J.T. was supported by Vetenskapsr&#229;det Medicine and Health (Dnr 2011-3264), Torsten S&#246;derberg Foundation, FP7 STATegra, AFA Insurance and Stockholm County Council.

인간의 말초 혈액 단핵 세포 (PBMC를)은 갓 카롤린스카 대학 병원, 스웨덴에서 구입 한 익명 처리 건강한 기증자 버피 코트에서 고립되었다. 실험에 대한 윤리 허가가 스톡홀름의 국가 윤리 심의위원회 (Regionala etikprövningsnämnden 내가 스톡홀름)로부터 얻은 스웨덴 (승인 번호 : 2013 / 1,458에서 31 사이 / 1). 말초 혈액에서 1. T 세포 분리 <ol><li> PBMC 분리 <ol><li> 15 ml의 밀도 원심 분리 ?...

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기술 된 프로토콜은 인간의 CD4 + Foxp3의 + 인간의 순진한 CD4 + T 세포에서 iTregs의 강력한 유도 할 수 있습니다. 우리가 우수한 시험 관내 억제 기능 22 iTregs의 유도, TGF-β, ATRA 및 라파 마이신의 조합을 사용하여, 최근에 기술 된 새로운 프로토콜을 포함한다. 게시 된 다른 프로토콜들에 비해 다른 이점은 단독 -2- IL의 존재 하에서 활성화 된 대조군 세포와 함께 특정 iTreg 유발 요...

CD4 + CD25 + + Foxp3를 조절 T 세포 (Tregs)는 다른 면역 세포를 억제 말초 관용의 중요한 매개체 방지자가 면역 과도한 염증 일이다. Tregs의 중요성은, 중증 전신성자가 면역 질환에 이르게하는 Tregs의 손실로 인해`master&#39; TREG 전사 인자 forkhead 상자 P3의 돌연변이로 인간의 질병 immunodysregulation의 polyendocrinopathy의 병증의 X 연결된 증후군 (IPEX), (Foxp3를)을들 수있다 어린 나이에 치명적. 그러나 Tregs는 또한 특정 설정이있는 항 종양 면역을 방해 할 수있는 면역 체계의 양날의 검으로 작용한다. TREG 번호와 기능의 치료 조작은 수많은 임상 연구에 따라서 달라질 수 있습니다. 암에서 Tregs의 고갈은 바람직 할 수 있으며, 임상 적 접근 방법의 일부 성공은 추가 연구 (3)를 권장합니다. 세비에서 Tregs의 치료 효과뿐만 아니라자가 면역 및 염증 질환에RAL 마우스 질병 모델, 입양 TREG 전송의 최근 처음에 남자 임상 시험 그라프 대 -host 질환 (GVHD) 4 방지 - 7 매우 유망한 결과를 보여 주었다 제 1 형 당뇨병 (8) 치료에 안전성을 평가하기 위해. 11 - 자연 Tregs (nTregs가) 건강 (9)을 유지하는 비 중복 필수 기능과 흉선 유래 tTregs 및 주변으로 유도 pTregs를 포함 발생. 그러나 nTreg 번호는 순진한 T 세포 전구체 (12)으로부터 체외에서 유도 Tregs (iTregs)의 보완적인 접근 방식을 장려, 제한됩니다. 아마도 인해 Foxp3의 유전자 좌위 (13)의 소위 TREG 별 탈 메틸화 지역 (TSDR)에서 탈 메틸화 부족 iTregs의 또 안정성, 우려 남아 있고 여러 연구는 Tregs 유도 생체 내에서 14 더 안정되어 있음을 나타냅니다. 지금까지 Foxp3의 최고의 단백질 m 남아인간 기존의 CD4 + CD25- T 세포가 일시적으로 활성화 (15, 16)에 Foxp3의 중간 수준을 표현하기 때문에 Tregs에 대한 arker하지만 그것은 절대적으로 특정하지 않습니다. 상당한 진전은 Foxp3를 발현 조절되는지 설명 하였지만, 더 특히 인간 세포에서의 유도 Foxp3의 안정성 및 기능에 대하여 발견되고 유지된다. nTregs에 차이에도 불구하고, 시험 관내에서 Foxp3를 유도 + CD4 + T 세포는 Foxp3를 유도 분자 메커니즘을 연구하기위한 모델 시스템으로 사용할 수있는 더 유사한 iTregs의 생성을 허용 장래 프로토콜을 개발하는 시작점 미래의 입양 전송 전략에 적용 할 수있는 생성 Tregs를 생체. 거기에 인간 iTregs 유도 할`금 standard&#39; 프로토콜은없고, 현재 프로토콜 생체 TREG 유도 조건을 모방에 기초하여 개발되었다 : 2 (IL-2 인터루킨) 및 변형 성장 인자 β (TGF-β) 시그널링은 생체 17 Foxp3의 유도에 매우 중요하고, 올 - 트랜스 레티노 산 (ATRA) - 창자 연관된 수지상 세포에 의해 생체 내에서 생성되는 - 자주 Foxp3의 유도를 향상시키는 데 사용된다 21-18을 체외있다. 우리는 부티레이트 (22), 최근에 쥐 TREG 유도 (23, 24)을 증가시키기 위해 도시 된 장내 미생물 유래 단쇄 지방산을 사용하여 추가 인간 TREG 유도 프로토콜을 개발했습니다. 또한, 최근 그을 촉진하는 것으로 알려져 억제제 후자는 라파 마이신 (mTOR의)의 임상 적으로 승인 된 포유류 대상인, TGF-β, ATRA의 조합을 사용하여, 22 라파 마이신에 의해 시험관 내에서 우수한 억제 기능 iTregs의 생성을위한 새로운 프로토콜을 확립 인간의 TREG 확장 25, 26시 Foxp3의 유지 보수. 이 방법의 재현성을 설명합니다인간 CD4 + Foxp3의 + 상이한 조건들의 세트를 이용 iTregs 및 유세포 정량 역전사 중합 효소 연쇄 반응에 의해 그 이후의 표현형의 체외 세대 (QRT-PCR)은 Foxp3를 발현하고, 다른 TREG 서명 분자 등을의 프로토콜 별 무늬를 공개 CD25, CTLA-4, EOS뿐만 아니라, IFN-γ 및 SATB1 식 (22)의 억압 등. 생성 된 세포 집단은 일반적 Foxp3의 규제에 관한 또는 부티르산 또는 라파 마이신과 같은 특정 화합물은 특정 효과를 연구하거나, 억제 활성에 대한 기능 분석을 위해 또는 분자 연구에 사용될 수있다. TREG 차별화를 운전하는 분자 메커니즘의 추가 이해는 특히 TREG 생성과 기능에 관여하는 분자를 대상으로자가 면역 암에서 미래의 치료 접근에 매우 관련이있다.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1689">
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	<tbody>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:501px;">All-trans retinoic acid</td>
			<td style="width:176px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:248px;">R2625-50MG&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:764px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">anit-human Foxp3-APC clone 236A/E7</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>17-4777-42</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">anti-human CD25 microbeads</td>
			<td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td>130-092-983</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">anti-human CD25-PE</td>
			<td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td>130-091-024</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">anti-human CD28 antibody, LEAF Purified&#160;</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>302914</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">anti-human CD3 Antibody, LEAF Purified&#160;</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>317315</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:501px;">anti-human CD45RA , FITC</td>
			<td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td style="width:248px;">130-092-247</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">anti-human CD45RO PE clone UCHL1</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>555493</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">anti-human CD4-PerCP clone SK3; mIgG1</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>345770</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">anti-human CD8-eFluor 450 (clone OKT8), mIgG2a</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>48-0086-42&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:501px;">anti-human CTLA-4 (CD152), clone BNI3, mIgG2ak, Brilliant violet 421</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>562743</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">anti-human IFN-g FITC clone 4S.B3; mIgG1k</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>11-7319-81&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:764px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:501px;">Brefeldin A-containing solution: GolgiPlug</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>555029</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:501px;">cDNA synthesis kit: SuperScript VILO(Reverse transcriptase) cDNA Synthesis Kit</td>
			<td style="width:176px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:248px;">11754-250</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:501px;">Density centrifugation medium: Ficoll-Paque</td>
			<td style="width:176px;">GE healthcare</td>
			<td style="width:248px;">17-1440-03</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:22px;">DMSO 99,7%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>D2650-5X5ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">FBS, heat inactivated</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>10082-147</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">Fixable Viability Dye, eFluor 780&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>65-0865-14 or 65-0865-18&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:764px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="36">
			<td height="36" style="height:36px;">Foxp3 Staining Buffer Set</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>00-5523-00&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:764px;">Caution, contains Paraformaldehyde 
			Can be also bought in combined kit with antibody; 77-5774-40 Anti-Human Foxp3 Staining Set APC Clone: 236A/E7 Set&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">GlutaMAX (200 mM L-alanyl-L-glutamine)</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>35050-061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">human naive CD4 T cell isolation kit II</td>
			<td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td>130-094-131</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td align="left" height="20" style="height:21px;"><img alt="nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT" height="1" src="file:///C:/Users/DAVIDK~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.png" width="2" />
			<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
				<tbody>
					<tr>
						<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:501px;">human naive CD4 T cell isolation kit II</td>
					</tr>
				</tbody>
			</table>
			</td>
			<td align="left"><img alt="nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT,nojavascript&amp;WT" height="1" src="file:///C:/Users/DAVIDK~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.png" width="1" />
			<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
				<tbody>
					<tr>
						<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:176px;">Miltenyi Biotec</td>
					</tr>
				</tbody>
			</table>
			</td>
			<td>130-094-131</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">Human serum albumin 50 g/l</td>
			<td>Baxter</td>
			<td>1501057</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">Ionomycin from Streptomyces conglobatus &#62;98%</td>
			<td style="width:176px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>I9657-1MG</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">MACS LS-columns</td>
			<td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td>130-042-401</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:501px;">mouse IgG1 K Isotype Control APC Clone: P3.6.2.8.1&#160;</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>17-4714-42&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">mouse IgG1 K Isotype Control FITC 50 ug&#160;</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>11-4714-81&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:501px;">mouse IgG2a isotype control, Brilliant violet 421, clone MOPC-173</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>563464</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">Pasteur pipet plastic, individually packed</td>
			<td>Sarstedt</td>
			<td>86.1172.001&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">PMA PHORBOL 12-MYRISTATE 13-ACETATE</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>P1585-1MG&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">Rapamycin</td>
			<td>EMD (Merck)</td>
			<td>553210-100UG</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">Recombinant Human IL-2, CF</td>
			<td>R&#38;D</td>
			<td>202-IL-050/CF</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:501px;">Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1, CF</td>
			<td>RnD</td>
			<td>240-B-010/CF</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">RNA isolation kit: RNAqueous-Micro Kit</td>
			<td style="width:176px;">Ambion</td>
			<td>AM1931&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">RPMI 1640 Medium&#160;</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>72400-054&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">Sodium butyrate</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>B5887-250MG&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">T cell culture medium: X-Vivo 15 medium, with gentamicin+phenolred</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>04-418Q</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">TaqMan Gene Expression Assay, FOXP3 (Best Coverage)&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:176px;">Applied Biosystems</td>
			<td style="width:248px;">4331182; assay ID: Hs01085834_m1</td>
			<td>Caution, contains Paraformaldehyde</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;">TaqMan Gene Expression Assay, RPL13A (Best Coverage)</td>
			<td style="width:176px;">Applied Biosystems</td>
			<td>4351370; assay ID: Hs04194366_g1&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td>Caution, contains Paraformaldehyde</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:501px;">TaqMan Gene Expression Master mix</td>
			<td style="width:176px;">Applied Biosystems</td>
			<td style="width:248px;">4369514</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

in vitro differentiation of human cd4+foxp3+ induced regulatory t cells (itregs) from na&#239;ve cd4+ t cells using a tgf-&#946;-containing protocol

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are an integral part of peripheral tolerance, suppressing immune reactions against self-structures and thus preventing autoimmune diseases. Clinical approaches to adoptively transfer Tregs, or to deplete Tregs in cancer, are underway with promising first outcomes. 
Because the number of naturally occurring Tregs (nTregs) is very limited, studying certain Treg features using in vitro induced Tregs (iTregs) can be advantageous. To date, the best although not absolutely specific protein marker to delineate Tregs is the transcription factor FOXP3. Despite the importance of Tregs including non-redundant roles of peripherally induced Tregs, the protocols to generate iTregs are currently controversial, particularly for human cells. This protocol therefore describes the in vitro differentiation of human CD4+FOXP3+ iTregs from human na&#239;ve T cells using a range of Treg-inducing factors (TGF-&#946; plus IL-2 only, or their combination with retinoic acid, rapamycin or butyrate) in parallel. It also describes the phenotyping of these cells by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR. 
These protocols result in reproducible expression of FOXP3 and other Treg signature genes and enable the study of general FOXP3-regulatory mechanisms as well as protocol-specific effects to delineate the impact of certain factors. iTregs can be utilized to study various phenotypic aspects as well as molecular mechanisms of Treg induction. Detailed molecular studies are facilitated by relatively large cell numbers that can be obtained. 
A limitation for the application of iTregs is the relative instability of FOXP3 expression in these cells compared to nTregs. iTregs generated by these protocols can also be used for functional assays such as studying their suppressive function, in which iTregs induced by TGF-&#946; plus retinoic acid and rapamycin display superior suppressive activity. However, the suppressive capacity of iTregs can differ from nTregs and the use of appropriate controls is crucial.

도 1은 실험 장치의 구조를 도시한다. 그림 2는 자기 절연 순진한 CD4 + T 세포와 nTregs에 대한 대표적인 순도 제어 염색을 보여줍니다. F의 igure 3a는 게이팅 전략 세포 계측법 흐름을 보여주고 그림 3b는 대표 Foxp3를하고 CD25가 표시 iTreg 또는 제어 조건 하에서 문화의 날 (...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vitro Differentiation of Human CD4+FOXP3+ Induced Regulatory T Cells iTregs from NaÃƒÂ¯ve CD4+ T Cells Using a TGF-ÃŽÂ²-containing Protocol at JoVE.com

In Vitro Differentiation of Human CD4+FOXP3+ Induced Regulatory T Cells iTregs from NaÃƒÆ’Ã†'Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â¯ve CD4+ T Cells Using a TGF-ÃƒÆ’Ã…Â½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â²-containing Protocol

이 프로토콜은 체외 나이브 CD4 + T 세포로부터 재생 가능한 생성 유도 인간 T 조절 세포 (iTregs)의 표현형을 설명한다. Foxp3의 유도를위한 다른 프로토콜은 각각의 프로토콜로 얻은 특정 iTreg의 표현형 연구를 허용합니다.

TGF-β 함유 프로토콜을 사용하여 나이브 CD4 + T 세포에서 인간의 CD4 + Foxp3의 + 유도 규제 T 세포 (iTregs)의 체외 분화

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are an integral part of peripheral tolerance, suppressing immune reactions against self-structures and thus preventing ...

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JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

In Vitro Differentiation of Human CD4+FOXP3+ Induced Regulatory T Cells (iTregs) from Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cells Using a TGF-&#946;-containing Protocol

Retroviral Transduction of T-cell Receptors in Mouse T-cells

마우스 T - 세포에서 T - 세포 수용체의 Retroviral 전달

T-cell receptors (TCRs) play a central role in the immune system. TCRs on T-cell surfaces can specifically recognize peptide antigens presented by antigen ...

연구

면역학 및 감염병학

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Na&iuml;ve and Memory T Cells

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human NaÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¯ve and Memory T Cells

기본 인적 나이브 및 메모리 T의 세포로부터 유도된 규제 T 세포의 생성

The development and maintenance of immunosuppressive CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) contribute to the peripheral tolerance needed to remain in ...

Directed Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells towards T Lymphocytes

T Lymphocytes쪽으로 유도 Pluripotent 줄기 세포의 분화 감독

Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of antigen-specific CD8+  cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is a promising treatment for a variety of  malignancies 1. CTLs can  ...

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

기본 인간 T 세포 piggyBac Transposon 시스템 변경

The piggyBac transposon system is naturally active, originally derived from the cabbage looper moth1,2. This non-viral system is plasmid based, most ...

New Tools to Expand Regulatory T Cells from HIV-1-infected Individuals

새로운 도구는 HIV-1에 감염된 개인으로부터 규제 T 세포를 확장하려면

CD4+ Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are potent immune modulators and serve an important function in human immune homeostasis. Depletion of Tregs has led to ...

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation

나이브 CD4의 아데노 바이러스 형질은 Treg의 분화를 연구하는 세포를 T

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential to provide immune tolerance to self as well as to certain foreign antigens. Tregs can be generated from naive CD4 ...

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Na&iuml;ve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of NaÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¯ve CD4 T Lymphocytes

분리 및 나이브 CD4 T 림프구의 TH17 분화

Th17 cells are a distinct subset of T cells that have been found to produce interleukin 17 (IL-17), and differ in function from the other T cell subsets ...

Assessing the Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Infected CD4+ T Cells by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using an Ex vivo Co-culture System.

Assessing the Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Infected CD4+ T Cells by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using an Ex vivo Co-culture System.

HIV-1 감염 CD4의 타고난 감지 평가<sup&gt; +</sup&gt;를 사용하여 형질 수지상 세포에 의한 T 세포<em&gt; 예 생체 내</em&gt; 공동 문화 시스템.

HIV-1 innate sensing requires direct contact of infected CD4+ T cells with plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). In order to study this process, the ...

Derivation of T Cells In Vitro from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

Derivation of T Cells In Vitro from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

T 세포의 유도<em&gt; 체외</em&gt; 마우스 배아 줄기 세포에서

The OP9/OP9-DL1 co-culture system has become a well-established method for deriving differentiated blood cell types from embryonic and hematopoietic ...

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

말초 혈액에서 인간 Alloantigen 특정 T 세포의 생성

The study of human T lymphocyte biology often involves examination of responses to activating ligands. T cells recognize and respond to processed peptide ...