Name: intravital microscopy and thrombus induction in the earlobe of a hairless mouse
Uploaded: 2017-04-02T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Intravital Microscopy and Thrombus Induction in the Earlobe of a Hairless Mouse at JoVE.com

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All in vivo deneyler (7221.3-1-006 / 15) Hayvanların korunması ve Laboratuvar Hayvanları Bakım ve Kullanımı için NIH Kılavuzu (Laboratuar Hayvan Kaynakları Enstitüsü, Ulusal Araştırma Konseyi) Alman mevzuatına uygun olarak yapılmıştır. Hayvanların 1. Genel tutulması <ol><li> 4 ila 6 hafta arası erkek SKH1-Hr hr farelerle deneyler yapın. 20 ve 25 g arasında ağırlığa sahip hayvanlar kullanın. </li><li> Su ve yiyecek istedikleri kadar h...

<ol>
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SKH1-Sa sa farelerin kulak memesi başarılı trombüs indüksiyon için pek çok kritik adım vardır. Sorun giderme için, protokolün ilgili adımlar parantez içinde belirtilmiştir. 6 hafta ve epidermis düşük kornifikasyonu ile - Sınav koşulları 4 yaşında genç hayvanlarda idealdir. Büyük hayvanlarda, damarların görüntülenmesi kalitesi nedeniyle cilt yüzeyi ile hedef damarlar (adım 1.1) arasında daha yüksek mesafeye daha kötü ve daha karşılaştırılabil...

Bu makalenin amacı direkt gözlem ve mikrodolaşımında analizi, trombüs oluşumu ve trombüs evrim için tüysüz fare aurikula uygulanan intravital mikroskopi tekniği tanımlamaktır. 1,000&#39;de 1 olan bir insidans oranı ile, venöz tromboz hala morbiditenin yaygın bir nedenidir. Teşhis, önleme stratejileri ve tedavileri son yıllarda geliştirilmiş olmasına rağmen, venöz tromboz üçte biri bir pulmoner emboli 1 olarak tezahür eder. Arter trombozu sanayi ülkelerinde en yaygın ölüm nedenidir kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, kritik bir rol oynar. aterosklerotik plakların kopması dayalı Arter trombozu kalp krizi, mezenterik enfarktüsü ve felcin katılır. Her ameliyat, kan bileşenlerine subendotelyal yapıları ortaya çıkarır kan akışı dinamiklerini değiştiriyor ve hastayı hareketsiz hale getirir. Alt bacak, organ t endoprostetik cerrahisinderansplantation ve flep cerrahisi tromboz komplikasyonlarının sık nedenleridir. özellikle mikrovasküler tromboz sık olarak klinik semptomların olmaması nedeniyle, geri dönüşü olmayan bir hasara neden olur. Benzer şekilde, mikrovasküler tromboz diğerleri arasında trombotik trombositopenik purpura, sepsis, yayılmış damar içi pıhtılaşma, antifosfolipid sendromu, kronik venöz yetmezliği de dahil olmak üzere çeşitli hastalıklarda önemli bir kural oynar. terapi ve tromboz önlenmesi için çeşitli yeni ilaçlar son yıllarda geliştirilen, ancak antiplatelet ilaçlar ve antikoagülanlar hala yan etkileri, eksikliği antagonistleri var ve uzun süreli etkileri vardır. Bu eksiklikler, acil tıbbi bakım problemlerine yol açar. Bu nedenle, daha fazla araştırma hiç in vitro taklit edilebilir tromboz, esnasında cereyan eden kompleks işlemleri ortaya çıkarmak için gereklidir. Tüysüz SKH1-Sa sa fare Londra&#39;da bir hayvanat bahçesinde 1926 keşfedildi.Nedeniyle kromozom 14 üzerinde bir gen hatası nedeniyle, hayvan Bu gemilerin intravital mikroskopi için erişilebilir iyi kanlanan kulak kepçesi yapar doğum sonrası 10. günde sonra kürk kaybeder. kulak ortalama kalınlığı 300 um&#39;dir. Bu kıkırdak ayrılmış dermisin iki katmandan oluşur. kıkırdak dışbükey sırt tarafında, 3 iletim demetleri kulak memesi girin. Apikal vasküler yaylar ve bazal şant üç demetleri bağlayın. venüller 200 um (bazal) ve 10 um (apikal) arasında çaplara sahiptirler. Dar örgülü kılcal boş saç 2 folikülleri çevreler. Tüysüz SKH1-Hr hr fare anatomi kulak kepçesi tromboz araştırma için güçlü ve uygun maliyetli bir model yapar.

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			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:216px;">SKH-1/hr mice</td>
			<td style="width:161px;">Charles River</td>
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			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:216px;">intravital microscope</td>
			<td style="width:161px;">Zeiss</td>
			<td>Axiotech Vario 100&#160;</td>
			<td>can be purchased from other vendors&#160;</td>
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			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:216px;">objective (20x/0.95)&#160;</td>
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			<td>20x/0,50 W; Plan-NEOFLUAR&#160;</td>
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			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:216px;">heating plate</td>
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			<td>can be purchased from other vendors&#160;</td>
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			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:216px;">scissors 14,5 cm</td>
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			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:216px;">microscissors</td>
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</table>

intravital microscopy and thrombus induction in the earlobe of a hairless mouse

Vasküler hastalıkların trombotik komplikasyonlar sanayi ülkelerinde morbidite ve mortalite bir önde gelen nedenidir. Nedeniyle trombus oluşumu sırasında hücresel ve hücresel olmayan kan bileşenleri arasındaki karmaşık etkileşimler, fizyoloji ve tromboz patofizyolojisi güvenilir çalışmalar sadece, in vivo olarak gerçekleştirilebilir. Bu nedenle, bu makale tüysüz farelerde bir kulak modeli sunar ve mikrosirkülasyonun, trombüs oluşumu ve trombüs evrim in vivo analiz odaklanmaktadır. İntra vital floresan mikroskobu ve ilgili floresan boyalar intravenöz (iv) uygulama kullanılarak, kulak içinde bir mikrodolaşım tekrar analiz kolayca cerrahi hazırlamaya gerek kalmadan, gerçekleştirilebilir. Bundan başka, bu model, yara iyileşmesi, reperfüzyon hasarı, veya anjiyojenezin de dahil olmak üzere, farklı sorunları in vivo çalışmalar için uyarlanabilir. Özetle, tüysüz farelerin kulak içinde viv için ideal bir modeldirfizyolojik veya patofizyolojik koşullarda ve farklı sistemik veya topikal tedavilere yönelik reaksiyonun değerlendirilmesinde cilt mikro o çalışması.

Trombogenezis üzerinde Kannabinoid Tedavinin Etkileri FITC dekstran 0.05 mL enjeksiyonundan sonra, fototoksik trombüs indüksiyon (Şekiller 2 ve 3). Bir endotel lezyon ve parietal trombosit tıkacın oluşumuna yol açar Bu çalışmada, ip kanabinoid enjeksiyonu (5 mg / kg vücut ağırlığı) ya da araç daha sonra trombus indüksiyon tüm venüllerde trombotik damar tıkanması (Ş...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Intravital Microscopy and Thrombus Induction in the Earlobe of a Hairless Mouse at JoVE.com

Intravital Microscopy and Thrombus Induction in the Earlobe of a Hairless Mouse

Tüysüz SKH1-Hr hr fare kulak modeli incelendiğinde mikrovasküler yatakta önce cerrahi hazırlık yapmadan mikrosirkülasyonun ve fototoksik trombüs indüksiyon Intravital floresan mikroskopisi sağlar. Bu nedenle, tüysüz fare kulak mikrovasküler trombus oluşumu, trombüs evrimi ve tromboliz sırasında karmaşık etkileşimleri incelemek için in vivo model bir mükemmeldir.

Bir Tüysüz fare kulak memesi içinde intravital Mikroskopi ve trombüs İndüksiyon

Thrombotic complications of vascular diseases are one leading cause of morbidity and mortality in industrial nations. Due to the complex interactions ...

The overall goal of this experiment is to study the influence of potential vasoactive drugs on microvascular thrombus formation in vivo. This method can help answer key questions in thrombus formation such as identifying new antithrombotic substances that could help to prevent microvascular thrombus formation, which is one of the main complications in sepsis and during tissue transplantation. The main advantage of this technique is that the ear model of the hairless mouse enables intravital fluorescence microscopy and phototoxic thrombus induction without prior surgical preparation in the examined microvascular bed.Begin by weighing and recording the weight of the mouse. Then load the appropriate volume of the test substance into an insulin syringe. Administer the drug 30 minutes prior to thrombus induction.After anesthetizing the mouse 15 minutes prior to thrombus induction, place the mouse back into the cage until the onset of anesthesia. To verify sufficient anesthesia, pinch the tail with forceps and note the absence of a reaction. Next, 0.05 ml of defrosted 50 Dextran into an insulin syringe.After filling the syringe, ensure that no air bubbles remain, because even small intravenously administered air bubbles can be lethal for the animal. Place the anesthetized mouse on an acroglass pad with an integrated heating plate in the face-down position. Adjust the heating plate to 37 degress Celsius.Cover the mouse eye corneas with ophthalmic ointment. Then stitch two sutures of polypropylene 7.0 into the cranial and caudal edge of the right ear. Place the stitches as close to the edge and as proximal to the base as possible.Shift the mouse to a dorsal position. Fix all legs to the platform using adhesive bandage. Hook a suture under the front teeth and position the head in dorsiflexion by affixing the suture to the platform with adhesive bandage.Place the animal on the platform under the stereo microscope. Use 10X magnification. For microscopy of the right ear, prepare the left jugular vein by first creating a 5 mm incision in the skin of the neck in a craniocaudal direction.Then use microforceps and microscissors to dissect the subcutaneous tissue. Then, free the vein from its adventia without touching the vessel. Now, use the previously prepared insulin syringe for the injection of the fluoroscent dye.Carefully grab the vessel wall with the microforceps without perforating the vein. Penetrate the distended vessel wall with the syringe needle and inject 50 Dextran intravenously. Withdraw the needle and stop the bleeding using cotton swabs.Avoid blood and dye contamination of the ear. Transfer the animal on the heating plate to an acro glass construction with a slat for the hearing plate and 0.5 cm high plane for positioning the ear. Fix the animal in a prone position on the heating plate using adhesive bandage.Place the convex cartilage at the base of the ear beside the plane for the ear so that the apical part of the ear can be positioned flat on the plane. Add one drop of room temperature aqua to the acro glass plate. Using cotton swabs, absorb the drop of aqua, and let capillary forces attach the ear plane to the acro glass.The auricle must be positioned as flat as possible, even though the cartilage gives the auricle a convex shape. So only the more flexible distal part of the auricle should be positioned on the acrylic glass plate. To avoid tissue damage and extravasation of fluids and dye, touch the ear as little as possible with the forceps.Next, add drop of aqua to the convex dorsal side of the ear. Carefully put one cover slip on the ear without compressing the basal vessels entering the ear. Use cotton swabs to remove as much aqua as possible from under the cover slip To minimize the distance between the cover slip and the ear target vessels.Begin by adjusting the intravital fluorescence microscope for 50 Dextran visualization. Tranfer the prepared animal to the deck of the intravital fluorescence microscope. Using 5X, 10X and 20X magnification, and 20%light intensity, search for a venous vessel of 50 to 60 microns in diameter and with an anterograde blood flow.Add one drop of room-temperature water to the cover slip for water immersion of the 63X magnification objective. Immediately after the application of the water drop, begin recording the vessel for 20 seconds for the baseline assessment of the diameter and blood flow. Start thrombus induction five minutes after the injection of 50 Dextran.For this purpose, raise the light intensity to 100%During phototoxic thrombus induction, close the aperture of the microscope for two seconds within a 30-second period to check for occlusion of blood flow. If blood flow persists, open the aperture again. The vessel is classified as occluded if the flow stands still for 30 seconds or more, or if the blood flow is retrograde.Select and occlude five vessels per ear within a one hour period after injection of 50 Dextran. Here, animals were treated with vehicle or with a cannabinoids, anandamide, WIN 155, 212-2 or cannabidiol before injection of 50 Dextan prior to thrombus induction. Anandamide, but not CBD, and WIN 155, 212-2 significantly accelerated thrombus growth after one-time treatment as compared to vehicle control.In another setting, anandamide was combined with indomethacin to assess the impact of cyclooxygenase-dependent products on thrombus formation via anandamide. Co-administration with indomethacin neutralized the pro-thrombotic effect of anandamide. Therefore, acute exposure to anandamide elicits a cyclooxygenase-dependent pro-thrombotic effect in vivo.Once mastered, thrombus induction in tight vessels can be performed in 90 minutes, including preparation. While attempting this procedure, it's important to handle the auricle very carefully every time it is touched to avoid extravasation of the fluids and dye. Though this method can provide insight into thrombus formation, it can also be applied to other systems, such as wound healing, flap failure, and angiogenesis.After watching this video, you should have a good understanding of intravenous fluorescence dye application, position of the auricle, and illumination of specific vessels in order to perform intravital phototoxic thrombus induction.

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula

Fare Aortocaval Fistül Teknik Yönleri

Technical aspects of creating an arteriovenous fistula in the mouse are discussed. Under general anesthesia, an abdominal incision is made, and the aorta ...

Tıp

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Bir Insanlaşmış Fare Modeli epidermal melanin ve Karşı Koruma yanığı Farmakolojik İndüksiyon

Fairness of skin, UV sensitivity and skin cancer  risk all correlate with the physiologic function of the melanocortin 1  receptor, a Gs-coupled signaling ...

An Orthotopic Glioblastoma Mouse Model Maintaining Brain Parenchymal Physical Constraints and Suitable for Intravital Two-photon Microscopy

Ortotopik Glioblastoma Fare Modeli Beyin parankim fiziksel kısıtlamaları bakımı ve Intravital İki foton Mikroskopi için uygundur

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of brain tumors with no curative treatments available to date.
Murine models of this pathology ...

Intravital Video Microscopy Measurements of Retinal Blood Flow in Mice

Alterations in retinal blood flow can contribute to, or be a consequence of, ocular disease and visual dysfunction. Therefore, quantitation of altered ...

Induction of Accelerated Atherosclerosis in Mice: The "Wire-Injury" Model

Farelerde Hızlandırılmış Ateroskleroz Indüksiyonu: "Tel-Yaralanma" Modeli

Atherosclerosis is a proliferative fibro-inflammatory disease developing in the arterial wall, inducing a deficient blood flow or a lack of blood flow. ...

Combined Intravital Microscopy and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography of the Mouse Hindlimb to Study Insulin-induced Vasodilation and Muscle Perfusion

Intravital mikroskobu ve kontrast-artırılmış Ultrasonografi fare Hindlimb, insülin kaynaklı vazodilatasyon ve kas perfüzyon çalışmaya kombine

It has been demonstrated that insulin's vascular actions contribute to regulation of insulin sensitivity. Insulin's effects on muscle perfusion regulate ...

Inducing Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in the Mouse Ear Skin for Intravital Multiphoton Imaging of Immune Responses

Bağışıklık Yanıtları intravital multiphoton Görüntüleme Fare Kulak Skin uyaran İskemi-reperfüzyon yaralanması

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs when there is transient hypoxia due to the obstruction of blood flow (ischemia) followed by a subsequent ...

Intravital Microscopy of Monocyte Homing and Tumor-Related Angiogenesis in a Murine Model of Peripheral Arterial Disease

Monosit posta ve tümör ile ilgili angiogenez periferik arter hastalığı, bir fare modeli intravital mikroskobu

The therapeutic goal for peripheral arterial disease and ischemic heart disease is to increase blood flow to ischemic areas caused by hemodynamic ...

Induction and Micro-CT Imaging of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations in Mouse Model

İndüksiyon ve fare modeli serebral derin malformasyon mikro-CT görüntüleme

Mutations in the CCM1 (aka KRIT1), CCM2, or CCM3 (aka PDCD10) gene cause cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) in humans. Mouse models of CCM disease have ...

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Suspected Cardiac Thrombus: Conventional and Emerging Techniques

Şüpheli kardiyak Trombülerin değerlendirilmesi için kardiyak manyetik rezonans: konvansiyonel ve gelişmekte olan teknikler

We present the conventional cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) protocol for evaluating a suspected thrombus and highlight emerging techniques.&#160;The ...