Name: solvent bonding for fabrication of pmma and cop microfluidic devices
Uploaded: 2017-01-17T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices at JoVE.com

우리는 자연 과학 및 캐나다 (NSERC, # 436117-2013)의 공학 연구 협의회, 암 연구 학회 (CRS, # 20172), 골수종 캐나다, 그랜드 도전 캐나다에서 재정 지원을 인정합니다.

아래 설명 된 모든 단계가 개발 및 비 - 클린 룸 환경에서 수행되어 있습니다. 용매 본딩 단계는 가능하면 확실 클린 룸에서 수행 될 수 있지만, 이것은 필요하지 않다. 열가소성 미세 유체 장치 레이어 1. 준비 <ol><li> 설계 및 적절한 제조 방법을 사용하여, 선택한 열가소성로부터 미세 유체 소자를 제작 층 (예, 16 엠보싱 micromilling 15 - 18,</su...

<ol>
	<li>Beebe, D. J., Mensing, G. A., Walker, G. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Physics+and+applications+of+microfluidics+in+biology.">Physics and applications of microfluidics in biology.</a> Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering. 4, 261-286 (2002).</li><li>Situma, C., Hashimoto, M., Soper, S. a. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Merging+microfluidics+with+microarray-based+bioassays.">Merging microfluidics with microarray-based bioassays.</a> Biomolecular Engineering. 23 (5), 213-231 (2006).</li><li>Paguirigan, A. L., Beebe, D. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microfluidics+meet+cell+biology:+Bridging+the+gap+by+validation+and+application+of+microscale+techniques+for+cell+biological+assays.">Microfluidics meet cell biology: Bridging the gap by validation and application of microscale techniques for cell biological assays.</a> BioEssays. 30 (9), 811-821 (2008).</li><li>Young, E. W. K., Beebe, D. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fundamentals+of+microfluidic+cell+culture+in+controlled+microenvironments.">Fundamentals of microfluidic cell culture in controlled microenvironments.</a> Chemical Society Reviews. 39 (3), 1036-1048 (2010).</li><li>Duffy, D. C., McDonald, J. C., Schueller, O. J. A., Whitesides, G. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rapid+Prototyping+of+Microfluidic+Systems+in+Poly(dimethylsiloxane).">Rapid Prototyping of Microfluidic Systems in Poly(dimethylsiloxane).</a> Analytical Chemistry. 70 (23), 4974-4984 (1998).</li><li>Berthier, E., Young, E. W. K., Beebe, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Engineers+are+from+PDMS-land,+Biologists+are+from+Polystyrenia.">Engineers are from PDMS-land, Biologists are from Polystyrenia.</a> Lab on a Chip. 12 (7), 1224-1237 (2012).</li><li>Sackmann, E. K., Fulton, A. L., Beebe, D. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+present+and+future+role+of+microfluidics+in+biomedical+research.">The present and future role of microfluidics in biomedical research.</a> Nature. 507 (7491), 181-189 (2014).</li><li>Young, E. W. K., Berthier, E., Beebe, D. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Assessment+of+enhanced+autofluorescence+and+impact+on+cell+microscopy+for+microfabricated+thermoplastic+devices.">Assessment of enhanced autofluorescence and impact on cell microscopy for microfabricated thermoplastic devices.</a> Analytical Chemistry. 85 (1), 44-49 (2013).</li><li>Wallow, T. I., Morales, A. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Low-distortion,+high-strength+bonding+of+thermoplastic+microfluidic+devices+employing+case-II+diffusion-mediated+permeant+activation.">Low-distortion, high-strength bonding of thermoplastic microfluidic devices employing case-II diffusion-mediated permeant activation.</a> Lab on a Chip. 7 (12), 1825-1831 (2007).</li><li>Tsao, C. W., DeVoe, D. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bonding+of+thermoplastic+polymer+microfluidics.">Bonding of thermoplastic polymer microfluidics.</a> Microfluidics and Nanofluidics. 6 (1), 1-16 (2009).</li><li>Young, E. W. K., Berthier, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rapid+prototyping+of+arrayed+microfluidic+systems+in+polystyrene+for+cell-based+assays.">Rapid prototyping of arrayed microfluidic systems in polystyrene for cell-based assays.</a> Analytical Chemistry. 83 (4), 1408-1417 (2011).</li><li>Truckenm&#252;ller, R., Henzi, P., Herrmann, D., Saile, V., Schomburg, W. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bonding+of+polymer+microstructures+by+UV+irradiation+and+subsequent+welding+at+low+temperatures.">Bonding of polymer microstructures by UV irradiation and subsequent welding at low temperatures.</a> Microsystem Technologies. 10 (5), 372-374 (2004).</li><li>Tsao, C. W., Hromada, L., Liu, J., Kumar, P., DeVoe, D. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Low+temperature+bonding+of+PMMA+and+COC+microfluidic+substrates+using+UV/ozone+surface+treatment.">Low temperature bonding of PMMA and COC microfluidic substrates using UV/ozone surface treatment.</a> Lab on a Chip. 7 (4), 499-505 (2007).</li><li>Wan, A. M. D., Sadri, A., Young, E. W. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Liquid+phase+solvent+bonding+of+plastic+microfluidic+devices+assisted+by+retention+grooves.">Liquid phase solvent bonding of plastic microfluidic devices assisted by retention grooves.</a> Lab on a Chip. 15 (18), 3785-3792 (2015).</li><li>Guckenberger, D. J., de Groot, T. E., Wan, A. M. D., Beebe, D. J., Young, E. W. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Micromilling:+a+method+for+ultra-rapid+prototyping+of+plastic+microfluidic+devices.">Micromilling: a method for ultra-rapid prototyping of plastic microfluidic devices.</a> Lab on a Chip. 15 (11), 2364-2378 (2015).</li><li>Cameron, N. S., Roberge, H., Veres, T., Jakeway, S. C., John Crabtree, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=High+fidelity,+high+yield+production+of+microfluidic+devices+by+hot+embossing+lithography:+rheology+and+stiction.">High fidelity, high yield production of microfluidic devices by hot embossing lithography: rheology and stiction.</a> Lab on a Chip. 6 (7), 936 (2006).</li><li>Yang, S., Devoe, D. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microfluidic+device+fabrication+by+thermoplastic+hot-embossing.">Microfluidic device fabrication by thermoplastic hot-embossing.</a> Methods in Molecular Biology. 949, 115-123 (2013).</li><li>Konstantinou, D., Shirazi, A., Sadri, A., Young, E. W. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Combined+hot+embossing+and+milling+for+medium+volume+production+of+thermoplastic+microfluidic+devices.">Combined hot embossing and milling for medium volume production of thermoplastic microfluidic devices.</a> Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 234, 209-221 (2016).</li><li>Maszara, W. P., Goetz, G., Caviglia, A., McKitterick, J. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bonding+of+silicon+wafers+for+silicon-on-insulator.">Bonding of silicon wafers for silicon-on-insulator.</a> Journal of Applied Physics. 64 (10), 4943 (1988).</li><li>Bhattacharyya, A., Klapperich, C. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanical+and+chemical+analysis+of+plasma+and+ultraviolet-ozone+surface+treatments+for+thermal+bonding+of+polymeric+microfluidic+devices.">Mechanical and chemical analysis of plasma and ultraviolet-ozone surface treatments for thermal bonding of polymeric microfluidic devices.</a> Lab on a Chip. 7 (7), 876-882 (2007).</li></ol>

잠재적 인 결합 전략의 타당성을 사용할 장비에 따라 달라집니다. 핫 플레이트 비교적 공통이며 웨이트 저렴하게 구입할 수 있지만, 고압 전략 가열 프레스의 사용을 필요로한다. 예를 들어, 우리의 최적 PMMA 본딩 레시피 에탄올 (표 1 참조)와 결합하는 높은 압력을 필요로하고, 요구되는 압력은 웨이트를 사용하는 전형적인 장치 크기에 도달 할 수 없습니다. 전용 핫 플레이트와 무게?...

4 - 마이크로 유체 잘 마이크로 1 화학 및 물리학을 공부 적합, 크게 생물학 연구 2에 기여할 수있는 성장 약속 기술로 지난 20 년 동안 등장했다. 미세 유체 장치의 대부분은 역사적 (PDMS), 폴리 (디메틸 실록산)으로부터, 사용하기 쉽고 저렴한 실리콘 엘라스토머를 제조하고, 고품질의 복제 기능 (5)를 구비하고있다. 그러나, PDMS는 단점을 잘 문서화 및 6,7를 처리 대량 제조와 호환이며, 같은 때문에 대량 생산함으로써 상용화를위한 그들의 잠재력, 열가소성 물질로부터 미세 유체 장치를 제조 향해 성장 추세가 있었다있다. 플라스틱 미세 가공 넓은 채택 주요 장애물 중 하나는 플라스틱 장치로 쉽게 고품질의 결합을 달성하고있다. 현재 전략은 t 채용열 전, 접착제 및 용매를 본딩 기술하지만, 많은 상당한 어려움 겪는다. 열 접합은 형광도 8 증가 종종 미세 형상 9 변형 - 접착 기술 스텐실 조심 정렬이 필요하지만, 11, 궁극적으로 마이크로 채널 (10)에 노출 된 접착제의 두께를 떠난다. 14 - 용매 결합으로 인해 단순, 조정 기능, 저렴한 비용 (10, 12)에 매력적이다. 특히, 그 조정 기능은 마이크로 피처 (14)의 변형을 최소화 일관된 고품질의 접착을 수득 할 수있는 다양한 플라스틱에 대한 최적화를 가능하게한다. 솔벤트 본딩 중에 용매 노출은 접합 계면에 걸쳐 쇄의 상호 확산을 가능하게하는 플라스틱의 표면 근처의 중합체 사슬의 유동성을 증가시킨다. 이것은 확산 사슬의 얽힘 기계적 연동을 통해 발생하며 AP 초래A. 물리적 결합 10. 열 결합은 유사한 방식으로 동작하지만, 연쇄 이동성을 증가 형 고온에 의존한다. 따라서, 열적 방법은 용매의 사용이 크게 본딩에 필요한 온도를 감소시키고, 따라서 불필요한 변형을 감소시킬 수있는 반면, 근처 또는 중합체의 유리 전이 온도 이상으로 필요로한다. 우리는 PMMA와 COP 장치 모두를 접합하기위한 특정 프로토콜을 제공한다. 그러나,이 프로토콜 및 방법은 다른 플라스틱 재료, 용제 및 사용 가능한 장비 맞출 수 열가소성 미세 유체 장치의 용매 결합에 대한 간단하고 일반적인 방법을 설명합니다. 우리는 채권의 품질을 평가하기위한 다양한 방법을 설명합니다 (예를 들어, 채권 범위, 결합 강도, 결합 내구성 및 마이크로 형상의 변형), 이러한 공통의 과제를 해결하는 문제 해결 방법을 제공합니다.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>COP</td>
			<td>Zeonor</td>
			<td>604Z1020R080</td>
			<td>20 kg COP Pellets - 1020R. Multiple suppliers can be used, but may affect bonding characteristics.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PMMA</td>
			<td>McMaster Carr</td>
			<td>8560K173</td>
			<td>1.5 mm sheet thickness for our typical applications. Multiple suppliers can be used, but may affect bonding characteristics.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cyclohexane</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>227048</td>
			<td>Cyclohexane, anhydrous, 99.5%. Multiple suppliers can be used. Toxic, requires fumehood.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>24102</td>
			<td>Ethanol, absolute, &#8805;99.8% (GC). Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acetone</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>179124</td>
			<td>Acetone, ACS reagent, &#8805;99.5%. Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2-Propanol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>278475</td>
			<td>2-Propanol, anhydrous, 99.5%. Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hot plate(s)</td>
			<td>Torrey Pines Scientific</td>
			<td>HP60</td>
			<td>Fully programmable digital hotplate. Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Free weights</td>
			<td>Cap Barbell</td>
			<td>RPG#2</td>
			<td>Standard cast iron plate. Multiple suppliers and different weights can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heated press</td>
			<td>Carver</td>
			<td>Auto CH</td>
			<td>Auto series heated hydraulic press. Multiple suppliers can be used. A press that fits in a fumehood would allow the most flexibility (this model does not).</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CNC Milling Machine</td>
			<td>Tormach</td>
			<td>PCNC 770</td>
			<td>3 Axis CNC mill. Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Endmills</td>
			<td>Various</td>
			<td>Various</td>
			<td>Required sizes depend on designs. Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

solvent bonding for fabrication of pmma and cop microfluidic devices

열가소성 마이크로 유체 소자는 실리콘 탄성 중합체로 만들어진 것들에 비해 많은 장점을 제공하지만, 본딩 절차는 관심있는 각각의 열가소성 위해 개발되어야한다. 솔벤트 본딩 플라스틱의 다양한 디바이스를 제조하는데 사용될 수있는 간단하고 다양한 방법이다. 적당한 용매는 두 개의 장치 층 사이에 추가 결합되도록하고, 열 및 압력은 본딩을 용이하게 소자에 적용된다. 용매, 플라스틱, 열 및 압력의 적절한 조합을 사용함으로써, 장치는 고품질의 접합에 의해 밀봉 될 수 있고, 마이크로 높은 결합에 따르면, 접착 강도, 광학 투명도, 시간이 지남에 따라 내구성 및 낮은 변형이나 손상을 갖는 특징 기하학. 우리는 본딩 결과 결합의 품질을 특성화하는 인기있는 두 열가소성 수지, 폴리 (메틸 메타 크릴 레이트) (PMMA), 및 사이클로 올레핀 폴리머 (COP)뿐만 아니라, 다양한 방법으로 만든 장치 및 전략에 대한 절차를 설명 덮지에품질이 낮은 채권를 해결하십시오. 이러한 방법은 다른 수지 - 용매 시스템을위한 새로운 용매 본딩 프로토콜을 개발하는데 사용될 수있다.

일반 솔벤트 본딩 절차의 개략도가도 1에 도시되어있다. 채권 품질을 평가하는 가장 쉬운 방법은 불량 채권의 범위가 결합되지 않은 플라스틱의 영역을 쉽게 볼 수 있기 때문에 시각적으로 채권 범위를 검사하고, 약한 결합을 나타낸다. 이러한 영역은 일반적으로 근처의 자유 변 (예를 들어, 장치의 주변, 또는 열린 포트 또는 마이크로 근처)이며, 또한 ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices at JoVE.com

Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices

솔벤트 본딩 고품질 결합을 갖는 열가소성 마이크로 유체 장치를 제조하기위한 간단하고 다양한 방법이다. 우리는 압력, 온도, 적당한 용매, 및 소자 기하의 현명한 조합에 의해 마이크로 상세 보존 PMMA 강한 광학적으로 투명한 결합 및 COP 미세 유동 장치를 달성하기위한 프로토콜을 기술한다.

PMMA의 제조 및 COP 미세 유체 장치에 대한 솔벤트 본딩

Thermoplastic microfluidic devices offer many advantages over those made from silicone elastomers, but bonding procedures must be developed for each ...

The overall goal of this technique is to provide a simple and versatile method for fabricating thermoplastic microfluidic devices with high quality bonds. This solvent bonding procedure will allow us to fabricate well bonded and durable thermoplastic microfluidic devices for a variety of applications from microfluidic cell culture systems to prototypes for point of care diagnostic tools. The main advantage of this technique is that it allows us to quickly and easily bond thermoplastic device layers.The procedure can be easily adapted to bond different thermoplastic materials. Design and fabricate microfluidic device layers from the thermoplastic of choice, using an appropriate fabrication method. Visually inspect the device layers to ensure that edges are clean without burrs or ridges of leftover material from the fabrication process.For best results, check all machined microfeature edges, in addition to the outside edges of the device, under an optical microscope. If leftover material is found during visual inspection, use a razor blade or scalpel to carefully remove any material that prevents the device layers from lying flat against one another so that the interfaces of the layers come into conformal contact. Then, clean the device surfaces with laboratory soap and water.And, dry with compressed air. After submerging the device layers in 2-propanol for two minutes, dry them with compressed air. This video is demonstrated with poly methyl methacrylate, abbreviated PMMA.Please see the text protocol for slight alterations in the procedure when using cyclic olefin polymer, or COP. Preheat, a heated press to 70 degrees celsius and allow the temperature to stabilize. To prepare the solvent for bonding process, measure 0.5 milliliters of ethanol, per square inch of bonding area for PMMA.It's important that an appropriate volume of solvent is applied to the device layers because too much solvent can lead to challenges in aligning layers. Dispense 0.1 milliliters of solvent per square inch of bonding area between cleaned plastic layers and bring the layers together. Visually inspect the bonding interface for air bubbles, which are common and should be removed as much as possible.If bubbles are present, slide the two plastic layers along the bonding interface so that they nearly come apart. And, then, slide them back together. To align the layers of the device by hand, use fingers to align the outer edges of the device.If more accurate alignment is required, include L shaped corner brackets to hold the device layers together. Next, place the device with solvent into the preheated press and apply 2, 300 kPa of pressure for two minutes. Use tweezers to safely remove the hot device for inspection.Bonding is now complete. Finally, remove any remaining liquid in the device using compressed air. Shown here are representative results of a pair of device layers before cleaning and after cleaning.The device layers have been milled to remove burrs. A representative image of a device with solvent added shows bubbles present through the bonding surface that can inhibit bonding. Conversely, well distributed solvent that is free of bubbles leads to strong, high quality bonds.Rapid solvent evaporation, during heating, can lead to regions of unbonded material near free edges of the device, resulting in poor bond coverage, leaky microfluidic features, and low overall bond strength. These regions are visible as lighter patches with colored interference fringes. An optimized solvent plastic system achieves good bond coverage and strength and minimizes damage to microfeatures, while still properly sealing them.Once mastered, a new thermoplastic device design can be fabricated in as little as two hours if the bonding technique is done properly. Remember that working with cyclohexane can be hazardous and should be handled in a fume hood and while wearing personal protective equipment. After watching this video, you will have a simple and versatile method for fabricating thermoplastic microfluidic devices with high quality bonds that are leak free and appropriate for use in cell culture, in point of care diagnostic applications.

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

Fabrication of Uniform Nanoscale Cavities via Silicon Direct Wafer Bonding

실리콘 다이렉트 웨이퍼 본딩을 통한 균일한 나노스케일 캐비티 제조

Measurements of the heat capacity and superfluid fraction of confined 4He have been performed near the lambda transition using lithographically patterned ...

연구

공학

Fabrication and Testing of Microfluidic Optomechanical Oscillators

제작 및 미세 유체 광​​ 기계 발진기의 테스트

Cavity optomechanics experiments that parametrically couple the phonon modes and photon modes have been investigated in various optical systems including ...

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

쿨롱 불순물 스캐닝 터널링 현미경 연구 게이트 - 조정 가능한 그래 핀 장치의 제작

Owing to its relativistic low-energy charge carriers, the interaction between graphene and various impurities leads to a wealth of new physics and degrees ...

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

분석 미세 유체 장치의 열 측정 기술

Thermal measurement techniques have been used for many applications such as thermal characterization of materials and chemical reaction detection. ...

Fabrication and Operation of Acoustofluidic Devices Supporting Bulk Acoustic Standing Waves for Sheathless Focusing of Particles

제조 및 Acoustofluidic 장치의 작동은 입자의 초점 쉬스에 대한 대량 음향 서 파도 지원

Acoustophoresis refers to the displacement of suspended objects in response to directional forces from sound energy. Given that the suspended objects must ...

Fabrication of Fully Solution Processed Inorganic Nanocrystal Photovoltaic Devices

완전 해결 가공 된 무기 나노 결정 태양 광 발전 장치의 제작

We demonstrate a method for the preparation of fully solution processed inorganic solar cells from a spin and spray coating deposition of nanocrystal ...

Flow-assisted Dielectrophoresis: A Low Cost Method for the Fabrication of High Performance Solution-processable Nanowire Devices

흐름 기반 Dielectrophoresis: 고성능 솔루션 처리 나노와이어 소자의 제조에 대 한 낮은 비용 방법

Flow-assisted dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an efficient self-assembly method for the controllable and reproducible positioning, alignment, and selection of ...

Atmospheric Pressure Fabrication of Large-Sized Single-Layer Rectangular SnSe Flakes

단일 레이어 사각형 SnSe 대형 조각의 대기압 제조

Tin selenide (SnSe) belongs to the family of layered metal chalcogenide materials with a buckled structure like phosphorene, and has shown potential for ...

Generation of Size-controlled Poly (ethylene Glycol) Diacrylate Droplets via Semi-3-Dimensional Flow Focusing Microfluidic Devices

Generation of Size-controlled Poly ethylene Glycol Diacrylate Droplets via Semi-3-Dimensional Flow Focusing Microfluidic Devices

크기 제어 폴 리 (에틸렌 글리콜) 빛 방울 장치를 통해 세미 3 차원 흐름 초점 미세의 세대

Uniform and size-controllable poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) droplets could be produced via the flow focusing process in a microfluidic device. ...

Fabrication of Refractive-index-matched Devices for Biomedical Microfluidics

생물 의학 마이크로 대 한 굴절 인덱스 일치 장치 제조

The use of microfluidic devices has emerged as a defining tool for biomedical applications. When combined with modern microscopy techniques, these devices ...