Name: human lung dendritic cells: spatial distribution and phenotypic identification in endobronchial biopsies using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry
Uploaded: 2017-01-20T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Human Lung Dendritic Cells: Spatial Distribution and Phenotypic Identification in Endobronchial Biopsies Using Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry at JoVE

笔者想感谢谁临床资料已经促成了这一研究志愿者。我们也感谢工作人员在公共卫生与临床医学，医学/呼吸内科的科，大学医院，于默奥（Norrlands universitetssjukhus）部的所有临床资料的收集。 这项工作得到了补助金从瑞典研究理事会，瑞典心肺基金会，瑞典战略研究基金会，并卡罗琳斯卡医学院AS-S支持。

注：此研究于默奥，瑞典批准了区域伦理审查委员会。 1.支气管镜从人类受试者取样活检支气管<ol><li>获得所有参与者的知情同意。 </li><li>治疗口服咪达唑仑（4-8毫克）和静脉注射格隆（0.2-04毫克）的支气管镜检查前30分钟科目。应用表面麻醉用喉和支气管利多卡因。让我们用〜3个毫升利多卡因4％的受漱口并申请3毫升舌根并经由一个注射器喉喉。优化8-10剂量利多卡因喷表...

<ol>
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本文介绍了如何利用免疫组织化学生成健康人肺组织居民DC的详细的空间和表型鉴定和支气管镜检查期间收集支气管粘膜活检流式细胞仪。在以下各段中的协议的关键步骤中详细讨论。 关键步骤议定书切片和免疫组化：这是至关重要的，当不使用它们（步骤2.5），以保持活检块在-20℃。温馨块有时会变得柔软，不会一节为好。此外，保持块在-20℃将保留抗?...

肺是在与外部环境的连续接触，并且高度暴露于既无害颗粒和微生物有能力引起的疾病。因此，它是免疫系统装入针对入侵病原体有效的免疫反应的关键，但要保持耐受吸入抗原不引起疾病是同样重要的。为了提供有效的免疫监视，呼吸系统衬有免疫细胞，包括树突细胞（DC）的网络。 DC是专业的抗原呈递细胞与激活幼稚T细胞的独特能力。在人的肺部，驻留的DC遇到抗原，然后进程并将其输送到肺引流淋巴结以供呈现给和活化的T细胞1，2，3的。 在人类的免疫系统，DCS可分为几个子集，具有次方CT但重叠的功能：CD1C +和CD141 +骨髓DC（的MDC）和CD123 +浆的DC（PDC上）4，5。而在人DCs最详细的知识从血液中的研究茎，现在明显的是，人体肺部也怀有DC亚群与T细胞刺激能力6，7，8，9的罕见群体。然而，积累的数据表明，免疫细胞，包括树突状，不同在它们的频率，表型，和功能取决于它们的解剖位置10。因此，为了研究免疫细胞从相关组织，以了解它们对局部免疫和容忍的贡献是重要的。总之，这强调需要解决肺部疾病时，研究肺居民的DC，尽管血液DC是更容易使用和访问<html>在人类。 在人类研究肺驻留的DC的首批研究采用免疫组织化学11，12，13主要依靠形态和单标记物，如HLA-DR和CD11c的表达，在组织切片。与此相反，最近的研究通常是在流式细胞依靠分析来研究不同的免疫细胞亚群。然而，由于很难找到唯一地标识特定的DC子集的单个细胞表面标记物，研究的潜在的限制施加仅四色流式细胞仪是包含具有类似表型标记如树突细胞群的风险。例如，CD11c的是在所有的骨髓DC和广大单核细胞表达。另一方面，在研究中采用更先进的流式细胞仪面板，从患者的外科手术切除非癌肺组织中通常使用外部参照“&gt; 10，14，15，16，虽然目前还不清楚这些稀有人群是否真正代表的DC存在于正常人。总体而言，研究在很大程度上是由于一个事实，即手术切除或整个人类的肺组织是稀缺的限制。 为了克服这些限制，这项工作介绍了如何执行空间分布及区议会在从谁接受支气管镜检查健康志愿者获得支气管粘膜活检表型鉴定的详细分析。几个小活检可以从每个单独的收集和随后可以嵌入用于切片和免疫组织化学或酶促消化先进流式细胞分析分析。在从支气管镜检查获得的支气管活检的形式使用的肺组织赋予使得能够执行ST的优点UDY上健康的志愿者，不像肺部开放手术，对于明显的原因，被限制为那些需要开胸手术的患者。此外，从健康志愿者支气管期间被取样的组织是生理上正常的，而相比之下，肺组织的非患部患者肺部疾病。另一方面，在活检小和检索单元的汇集几个活检即使当数，限制了可进行分析的类型。 虽然目前的工作重点是对DC，描述可以直接扩展的方法，包括其他（免疫）利益驻留在人体黏膜肺组织细胞。此外，该协议也直接适用于从肺部疾病，其中支气管镜检查是确立诊断，如慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD），结节病，或者肺癌的一部分的患者获得的样品。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1260">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Bronchoscopy</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
			<td style="width:148px;"></td>
			<td style="width:628px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Bronchoscope BF1T160</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">BF1T160</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Light source&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Exera CV-160</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Fenestrated forceps</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">FB21C</td>
			<td>Used to take biopsies</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Bite Block</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Conmed</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">1429</td>
			<td>20x27mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Glucose 25%&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
			<td style="width:148px;"></td>
			<td>500mL intravenous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Glycopyrronium bromide 0.2mg/mL</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
			<td style="width:148px;"></td>
			<td>Intravenous. Prevents mucus/saliva secretion</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Mixt. Midazolam 1mg/mL p.o</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
			<td style="width:148px;"></td>
			<td>Can be used for extra relaxation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Lidocaine, 40mg/mL</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
			<td style="width:148px;"></td>
			<td>Mouth and throat administration / Gargled</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Lidocaine 100mg/ml spray</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
			<td style="width:148px;"></td>
			<td>Administered to back of throat</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Lidocaine 20mg/ml spray</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
			<td style="width:148px;"></td>
			<td>Administered via bronchoscope to airways</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Name of Reagent/ Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">GMA processing and embedding</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Glass vials</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
			<td style="width:148px;"></td>
			<td>5mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Acetone</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">32201-1L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Molecular sieves, 4A</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Alfa Aesar</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">88120</td>
			<td>3-4mm diameter pellets</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">P-7626</td>
			<td>0.035g/100ml acetone</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Iodoacetamide</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">I-6125</td>
			<td>0.37g/100ml acetone</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Polythene-flat&#160; TAAB embedding capsules</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">TAAB laboratories</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">C094</td>
			<td>x500 8mm diameter, polythene, flat-bottom capsules</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Capsule holder</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">TAAB laboratories</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">C054</td>
			<td style="width:628px;">Holds 25 8mm capsules</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">JB-4 GMA embedding kit</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Polysciences</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">00226</td>
			<td>Contains JB-4 Solution A (0026A-800), JB-4 solution B (0026B-3.8), benzoyl peroxide (02618-12)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Methyl benzoate</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">27614-1L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Silica gel with humidity indicator</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Scharlau</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">GE0043</td>
			<td>2.5-6mm&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Name of Reagent/ Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">GMA sectioning</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Glass microscope slides</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">10143562CEF</td>
			<td>Cut edges, frosted end</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Poly-L-Lysine solution</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">P8920-500mL</td>
			<td>1:10 for working solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sheet glass strips for ultramicrotomy</td>
			<td>Alkar</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tween 20</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P2287</td>
			<td>Wash solution (0.1% Tween20)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">LKB 7800B Knifemaker</td>
			<td>LKB</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Capsule splitter</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">TAAB laboratories</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">C065</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Carbon steel single edge blades</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">TAAB laboratories</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">B054</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Vice</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
			<td style="width:148px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Ammonia, 25%</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">1133.1000</td>
			<td>2mL in 1L, 1:500 (0.05%)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Microtome</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Leica</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Leica RM 2165</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Light source</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Leica</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Leica CLS 150 XE</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Microscope with swing arm stand</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Leica</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Leica MZ6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Name of Reagent/ Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">GMA Immunohistochemistry</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Diamond tipped pen</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Histolab</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">5218</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Hydrogen peroxide 30% solution</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">AnalaR Normapur</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">23619.264</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium azide</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S8032</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tris</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>10708976001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium chloride</td>
			<td>VWR chemicals</td>
			<td>27810.295</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Bovine serum albumin</td>
			<td>Millipore</td>
			<td>82-045-2</td>
			<td>Probumin BSA diagnostic grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Dulbecco&#39;s modified eagle medium (DMEM)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>D5546</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Anti-human CD45 antibody</td>
			<td>BioLegend</td>
			<td>304002</td>
			<td>Mouse monoclonal, clone HI30, isotype IgG1k. Working concentration of 500 ng/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Anti-human CD1a antibody</td>
			<td>AbD Serotech</td>
			<td>MCA80GA</td>
			<td>Mouse monoclonal, clone NA1/34-HLK, isotype IgG2a. Working concentration of 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Mouse monoclonal IgG1 isotype control</td>
			<td>Abcam</td>
			<td>ab27479</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Mouse monoclonal IgG2a isotype control</td>
			<td>Dako</td>
			<td>X094301-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Vectastain ABC Elite standard kit</td>
			<td>Vector Labs</td>
			<td>PK-6100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:312px;">AEC (3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole) peroxidase substrate kite</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Vector Labs</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">SK-4200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Mayers haematoxylin</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">HistoLab</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">01820</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Permanent Aqueous Mounting Medium</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">AbD Serotech</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">BUF058C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Drying oven</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">DPX permanent mounting solution&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">360292F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Light microscope</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Leica</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Leica DMLB</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Microscope camera</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Leica</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Leica DFC 320</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Analysis software</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Leica</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Leica Qwin V3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Name of Reagent/ Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Enzymatic digestion</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Hank&#39;s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS)</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>55021C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Dithiothreitol (DTT)</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>DTT-RO</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Collagenase II</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>C6885</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">DNase</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>10104159001&#160;ROCHE</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">RPMI 1640</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>R8758</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Forceps</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Platform rocker</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Grant instruments</td>
			<td>PMR-30</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">50 mL conical tubes</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Falcon</td>
			<td>14-432-22</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">40 &#181;m cell strainer</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Falcon</td>
			<td>352340</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Name of Reagent/ Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Flow cytometry</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">LIVE/DEAD Aqua fixable dead cell stain kit</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>L34957</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">CD45</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>555485</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">CD3</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>557757</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">CD20</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>335829</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">CD56</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>318332</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">CD66abce</td>
			<td>Miltenyi</td>
			<td>130-101-132</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">HLA-DR</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>555813</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">CD14</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>557831</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">CD16</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>302026</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">CD11c</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>560369</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">CD1c</td>
			<td>Miltenyi</td>
			<td>130-098-009</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">CD141</td>
			<td>Miltenyi</td>
			<td>130-090-514</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">CD103</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>350212</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">Paraformaldehyde</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>F8775</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">LSR II Flow cytometer</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Flow cytometer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:312px;">FlowJo</td>
			<td>FlowJo</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Software for analysis</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

human lung dendritic cells: spatial distribution and phenotypic identification in endobronchial biopsies using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry

The lungs are constantly exposed to the external environment, which in addition to harmless particles, also contains pathogens, allergens, and toxins. In order to maintain tolerance or to induce an immune response, the immune system must appropriately handle inhaled antigens. Lung dendritic cells (DCs) are essential in maintaining a delicate balance to initiate immunity when required without causing collateral damage to the lungs due to an exaggerated inflammatory response. While there is a detailed understanding of the phenotype and function of immune cells such as DCs in human blood, the knowledge of these cells in less accessible tissues, such as the lungs, is much more limited, since studies of human lung tissue samples, especially from healthy individuals, are scarce. This work presents a strategy to generate detailed spatial and phenotypic characterization of lung tissue resident DCs in healthy humans that undergo a bronchoscopy for the sampling of endobronchial biopsies. Several small biopsies can be collected from each individual and can be subsequently embedded for ultrafine sectioning or enzymatically digested for advanced flow cytometric analysis. The outlined protocols have been optimized to yield maximum information from small tissue samples that, under steady-state conditions, contain only a low frequency of DCs. While the present work focuses on DCs, the methods described can directly be expanded to include other (immune) cells of interest found in mucosal lung tissue. Furthermore, the protocols are also directly applicable to samples obtained from patients suffering from pulmonary diseases where bronchoscopy is part of establishing the diagnosis, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sarcoidosis, or lung cancer.

研究表征人呼吸道组织驻留的免疫细胞，包括树突状，是有限的，这主要是由于这一事实，即外科手术切除或整个人肺组织是稀少。这里，从健康志愿者和开发的协议的支气管活检（EBB）获得的肺组织使用免疫组织化学研究中的组织中的免疫细胞或流式细胞术的微创方法进行了概述。 健康志愿者进行支气管镜检查，如前所述<s...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Human Lung Dendritic Cells: Spatial Distribution and Phenotypic Identification in Endobronchial Biopsies Using Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry at JoVE

Human Lung Dendritic Cells: Spatial Distribution and Phenotypic Identification in Endobronchial Biopsies Using Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry

Lung-resident immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs) in humans, are critical for defense against inhaled pathogens and allergens. However, due to the scarcity of human lung tissue, studies are limited. This work presents protocols to process human mucosal endobronchial biopsies for studying lung DCs using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.

人肺树突状细胞：空间分布与表型鉴定支气管活检采用免疫组化和流式细胞仪

The lungs are constantly exposed to the external environment, which in addition to harmless particles, also contains pathogens, allergens, and toxins. In ...

The main advantage of this technique is that a lot of information can be generated from small tissues obtained during bronchoscopy.This method can help answer key questions in mucosal immunology, where bronchoscopy is part of establishing the diagnosis, such as COPD, sarcoidosis, or lung cancer.Visual demonstration of this procedure will enable individuals new to this method to recognize when enzymatic digestion is complete.Demonstrating this procedure, along with Faezzah Baharom, will be Greg Rankin, a postdoc from our collaborator's lab at Ume

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Human In Vitro Suppression as Screening Tool for the Recognition of an Early State of Immune Imbalance

Human In Vitro Suppression as Screening Tool for the Recognition of an Early State of Immune Imbalance

人类<em在体外承认免疫失衡的早期国家禁止作为筛检工具

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical mediators of immune tolerance to self-antigens. In addition, they are crucial regulators of the immune response ...

科研

免疫与感染

Isolation of Mouse Lung Dendritic Cells

小鼠肺树突状细胞的分离

Lung dendritic cells (DC) play a fundamental role in sensing invading pathogens 1,2 as well as in the control of tolerogenic responses 3 in the ...

Characterization of Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells by Imaging Flow Cytometry: A Comparison between Two Monocyte Isolation Protocols

通过成像流式细胞仪人单核细胞来源的树突状细胞的特征：两个单核细胞分离方法的比较

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen presenting cells of the immune system that play a crucial role in lymphocyte responses, host defense mechanisms, and ...

Phenotypic Characterization of Macrophages from Rat Kidney by Flow Cytometry

通过流式细胞仪大鼠肾脏巨噬细胞的表型特征

There is increasing evidence suggesting the important role of inflammation and, subsequently, macrophages in the development and progression of renal ...

Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Purification of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells from the Mouse Bone Marrow

荧光激活细胞分选从小鼠骨髓浆树突状细胞的分离纯化

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is a technique to purify specific cell populations based on phenotypes detected by flow cytometry. This method ...

Measurement of T Cell Alloreactivity Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

使用成像流式细胞仪T细胞同种异体反应性测定

The measurement of immunological reactivity to donor antigens in transplant recipients is likely to be crucial for the successful reduction or withdrawal ...

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Immune Synapse in the Human System Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

影像性流式细胞仪对人体免疫突触的定性和定量分析

The immune synapse is the area of communication between T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). T cells polarize surface receptors and proteins ...

Isolation and In Vitro Culture of Murine and Human Alveolar Macrophages

Isolation and In Vitro Culture of Murine and Human Alveolar Macrophages

小鼠与人肺泡巨噬细胞的分离和体外培养

Alveolar macrophages are terminally differentiated, lung-resident macrophages of prenatal origin. Alveolar macrophages are unique in their long life and ...

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-&#945;

人干扰素α超灵敏单分子阵列数字酶联免疫吸附试验的研制与验证

The main aim of this protocol is to describe the development and validation of an interferon (IFN)-&#945; single molecule array digital Enzyme-Linked ...

Preparation of Whole Bone Marrow for Mass Cytometry Analysis of Neutrophil-lineage Cells

全骨髓的制备,用于中性粒系细胞的大规模细胞测定分析

In this article, we present a protocol that is optimized to preserve neutrophil-lineage cells in fresh BM for whole BM CyTOF analysis. We utilized a ...