Name: neonatal murine cochlear explant technique as an in vitro screening tool in hearing research
Uploaded: 2017-06-08T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique as an In Vitro Screening Tool in Hearing Research at JoVE.com

Questo lavoro è stato sostenuto dall&#39;Istituto Nazionale di Sordità e altri Disturbi della Comunicazione con sovvenzioni R01DC015824 (KMS) e T32DC00038 (supporto SD), il Dipartimento della Difesa concede la W81XWH-15-1-0472 (KMS), la Fondazione Bertarelli (KMS) La Fondazione di Nancy Sayles Day (KMS) e il Centro di ricerca di tinnito di Lauer (KMS). Ringraziamo Jessica E. Sagers, BA per commenti insightful sul manoscritto.

Il protocollo di studio è stato approvato dal Comitato Istituzionale di Assistenza e Assistenza Civile (IACUC) di Massachusetts Eye and Ear. Gli esperimenti sono stati condotti secondo il Codice Etico dell&#39;Associazione Medica Mondiale. 1. Preparazione della dissezione <ol><li> Preparazione del tavolo chirurgico <ol><li> Usa il 70% di etanolo per disinfettare il tavolo chirurgico. </li><li> Posizionare due pasticci nonsterili accanto al microscopio. </li><li> Preparare...

<ol>
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I ricercatori devono perfezionare la tecnica di dissezione prima di effettuare esperimenti che implicano esplosioni cochleari. Le cellule dei capelli sono comunemente danneggiate durante le dissezione eseguite presto nella curva di apprendimento e un momento particolarmente problematico per la loro integrità è la rimozione della membrana tectoria, che richiede mani costanti, strumenti e esperienze adeguate. Per risparmiare tempo e risorse, è necessario eseguire un controllo visivo sotto il microscopio di dissezione e...

Perdita uditiva sensoriale (SNHL) riflette danni all&#39;orecchio interno o al percorso uditivo ascendente. Mentre la perdita dell&#39;udito è il disordine sensoriale più comune nell&#39;uomo 1 , non esistono ancora terapie curative 2 . Sebbene gli impianti cerebrali cocleari o uditivi possono ristabilire un certo grado di udito ai pazienti con SNHL grave o profonda, l&#39;udienza fornita da questi dispositivi è ancora molto diversa da quella uditiva &quot;naturale&quot;, specialmente durante i tentativi di comprendere il rumore del suono o di ascoltare la musica. Mentre la degenerazione delle cellule di capelli è da tempo considerata la principale conseguenza degli eventi uditivi traumatici ( es. Esposizione a rumori elevati), vi è una crescente evidenza che le sinapsi che trasmettono informazioni dalle cellule dei capelli al nervo uditivo sono almeno altrettanto vulnerabili al trauma acustico 3 , 4 , 5 </sup<html> &gt; , 6 . Poiché le soglie audiometriche umane, l&#39;attuale standard oro per la valutazione della funzione uditiva, non prevedono danni cellulari specifici nell&#39;orecchio interno, sono necessari strumenti più raffinati per rilevare la degenerazione cellulare quanto prima e per avviare un trattamento adeguato 7 . I trattamenti farmaceutici promettenti per la perdita dell&#39;udito sono spesso testati in culture cellulari omogenee in vitro , ma tali sistemi non modellano in modo preciso il microambiente cocleare. Le cellule cochleari sono noti per secernere fattori trofici che influenzano altri tipi di cellule all&#39;interno della coclea 8 , 9 , un processo cruciale in vivo che si perde quando l&#39;organo di Corti 10 , 11 o Neuroni Ganglionici Spirali (SGNs) 12 viene coltivato in isolamento o quando Vengono analizzati i marcatori molecolariTuttavia, studi in vivo che possono essere necessari per la convalida dei dati in vitro per stabilire nuovi trattamenti personalizzati per la perdita dell&#39;udito nel perseguimento della &quot;medicina di precisione&quot; richiedono risorse e tempi significativi. Quanto sforzo è necessario per perfezionare e realizzare iniezioni a membrana di orecchio medio o rotondo con test uditivi e la successiva dissezione di cochleari integrali. L&#39;efficace screening dei composti promettenti nelle colture ex vivo organotipiche noti come esplosioni cochleari fornisce un&#39;alternativa economica e affidabile 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 . Questo articolo descrive un protocollo per generare, mantenere e valutare gli esplosivi cocleari trattati. Le applicazioni specifiche per questo modello vengono enfatizzate, tra cui l&#39;utilizzo nell&#39;ambito dello screeningDi composti potenzialmente terapeutici e la valutazione comparativa dei vettori virali per la terapia genica. Un approccio esplosivo ex vivo consente ai ricercatori di visualizzare gli effetti di un dato trattamento su diverse popolazioni cellulari in situ , facilitando l&#39;identificazione dei meccanismi specifici di tipo cellulare e la successiva affinamento di terapie mirate. Nel complesso, questa tecnica fornisce un modello per studiare la coclea ex vivo , preservando la conversazione vitale tra i diversi tipi di cellule che coesistono all&#39;interno della coclea.

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			<td>Ampicillin, Sodium Salt</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>11593-027</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-CtBP2 antibody, mouse(IgG1)</td>
			<td>BD Transduction Laboratories</td>
			<td>612044</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-Myo7A antibody, rabbit</td>
			<td>Proteus Biosciences</td>
			<td>25-6790</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-NF-H antibody, chicken</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>AB5539</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-PSD95 antibody, mouse(IgG2a)</td>
			<td>Antibodies Inc.</td>
			<td>75-028</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-TuJ1 antibody, mouse</td>
			<td>BioLegend</td>
			<td>801202</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cell-Tak Cell and Tissue Adhesive, 5 mg</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>354241</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CELLSTAR 15 ml Centrifuge Tubes, Conical bottom, Graduation, Sterile</td>
			<td>Greiner Bio-One</td>
			<td>188161</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CELLSTAR Cell Culture Dish, 100x20 mm</td>
			<td>Greiner Bio-One</td>
			<td>664160</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CELLSTAR Cell Culture Dish, 35x10 mm, four inner rings</td>
			<td>Greiner Bio-One</td>
			<td>627170</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CELLSTAR Cell Culture Dish, 60x15 mm</td>
			<td>Greiner Bio-One</td>
			<td>628160</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CELLSTAR 50 ml Centrifuge Tubes, Conical bottom, Graduation, Sterile</td>
			<td>Greiner Bio-One</td>
			<td>227261</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clear Nail Polish</td>
			<td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td>
			<td>72180</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clear Wall Glass Bottom Dishes (Glass 40mm), PELCO&#174;, Sleeve/20, 50x7 mm</td>
			<td>Ted Pella Inc.</td>
			<td>14027-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Coverslips, Round, Glass, 10 mm diameter, Thickness #1, 0.13-0.16mm</td>
			<td>Ted Pella Inc.</td>
			<td>260368</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DAPI (4&#39;,6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole, Dihydrochloride)</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>D1306</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Distilled water, 500 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>15230-162&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>DMEM, high glucose, pyruvate, no glutamine, 500 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10313-039</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>Dumont #4 Forceps</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11241-30</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dumont #55 Forceps (Dumostar)</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11295-51</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>Ethyl alcohol, Pure, 200 proof, anhydrous, &#8805;99.5%</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>459836-1L</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>Fetal Bovine Serum, qualified, USDA-approved regions, 500 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10437-028&#160;</td>
			<td>Aliquot in 50 ml tubes and store in -20&#176;C freezer</td>
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		<tr>
			<td>Glutamate - GlutaMAX supplement, 100 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>35050-061</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-chicken-647 secondary antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A-21469</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-mouse(IgG)-568 secondary antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A-11004</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-mouse(IgG1)-568 secondary antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A-21124</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-mouse(IgG2a)-488 secondary antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A-21131</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-rabbit-488 secondary antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>R37116</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>H2O, sterile, EmbryoMax Ultra Pure Water, 500ml</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>TMS-006-B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HBSS, calcium, magnesium, no phenol red, 500 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>14025-092</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Instrument Tray with Lid Stainless Steel</td>
			<td>Mountainside Medical</td>
			<td>TechMed4255</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro (dissecting) knife &#8211; angled 30&#176;</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>10056-12</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope slides, VistaVision, color-coded, 75 x 25 mm (3 x 1&#34;), 1 mm thick, white, pack of 72</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>16004-382</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>N-2 Supplement (100X), 5 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>17502-048</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaHCO3, Sodium Bicarbonate 7.5% solution, 100 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>25080-094</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>NaOH, sodium hydroxide solution, 1 l</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>SS266-1</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Normal Horse Serum (NHS)</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>16050130</td>
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			<td>Operating scissors</td>
			<td>Roboz Surgical Instruments Co.</td>
			<td>RS-6806</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Paraformaldehyde, Reagent Grade, Crystalline</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P6148</td>
			<td>Prior to use: Establish Standard Operating Procedures based on protocols available online</td>
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		<tr>
			<td>PBS, pH 7.4, 500 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10010-023&#160;</td>
			<td>Autoclave prior to use</td>
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		<tr>
			<td>Phalloidin, Alexa Fluor 568&#160;</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A12380</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Prep Pad, Non Sterile&#160;</td>
			<td>Medline</td>
			<td>05136CS</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>Safe-Lock Microcentrifuge Tubes, Polypropylene, 0.5 ml</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>022363719</td>
			<td>Autoclave prior to use</td>
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		<tr>
			<td>Safe-Lock Microcentrifuge Tubes, Polypropylene, 1.5 ml</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>022363204</td>
			<td>Autoclave prior to use</td>
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		<tr>
			<td>Scalpel Blades - #15</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>10015-00</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Scalpel Handle - #4</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>10004-13</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Stemi 2000-C Stereo Microscope</td>
			<td>Zeiss&#160;</td>
			<td>000000-1106-133</td>
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		<tr>
			<td>TCS SP5 confocal microscope</td>
			<td>Leica</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
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			<td>Triton-X (non-ionic surfactant)</td>
			<td>Integra</td>
			<td>T756.30.30</td>
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		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>VectaShield antifade mounting medium for fluorescence</td>
			<td>Vector Laboratories, Inc.</td>
			<td>H-1000</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Zipper Bag, Reclosable, 4&#39;&#39; x 6&#39;&#39; - 2 mil. thick</td>
			<td>Zipline</td>
			<td>0609132541599</td>
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</table>

neonatal murine cochlear explant technique as an in vitro screening tool in hearing research

Mentre negli ultimi decenni sono stati notevoli progressi nella ricerca uditiva, non esiste ancora cura per la perdita di udito sensoriale (SNHL), una condizione che tipicamente comporta danni o perdite delle delicate strutture meccanosensoriali dell&#39;orecchio interno. Nel corso degli ultimi anni sono emersi sofisticati esami in vitro e ex vivo, che hanno permesso lo screening di un numero crescente di composti potenzialmente terapeutici, minimizzando le risorse e accelerando gli sforzi per sviluppare cure per SNHL. Sebbene colture omogenee di alcuni tipi di cellule continuino a svolgere un ruolo importante nella ricerca attuale, molti scienziati ora si affidano a culture organotipiche più complesse di orecchie interne murine, noti anche come esplorazioni cochleari. La conservazione delle strutture cellulari organizzate all&#39;interno dell&#39;orecchio interno facilita la valutazione in situ di vari componenti dell&#39;infrastruttura coclea, comprese le cellule dei capelli interni ed esterni, i neuroni dei gangli spirali, i neurE supportare le cellule. Qui presentiamo la preparazione, la cultura, il trattamento e l&#39;immunostaining di esplosioni cochleari murine neonatali. L&#39;attenta preparazione di questi esplosivi facilita l&#39;individuazione di meccanismi che contribuiscono alla SNHL e costituisce uno strumento prezioso per la comunità di ricerca uditiva.

Mentre molti protocolli si concentrano sull&#39;organo di Corti explants, questa tecnica tenta di preservare l&#39;anatomia dell&#39;intero turno cochleare, inclusi gli SGN. Questo dà ai ricercatori l&#39;opportunità di analizzare gli effetti di un dato trattamento sulle neuriti e sulla somata di SGN oltre all&#39;organo di Corti. Effettuare una dissezione che conserva parte del modiolus, come descritto qui, è più tecnicamente impegnativo che esplodere l&#39;organo di Corti da solo. ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique as an In Vitro Screening Tool in Hearing Research at JoVE.com

Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique as an In Vitro Screening Tool in Hearing Research

L&#39;obiettivo di questo protocollo è quello di dimostrare la preparazione, la cultura, il trattamento e l&#39;immunostaining di esplosivi cochleari murine neonatali. La tecnica può essere utilizzata come uno strumento di screening in vitro nella ricerca uditiva.

Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique come un<em&gt; In vitro</em&gt; Strumento di screening nella ricerca acustica

While there have been remarkable advances in hearing research over the past few decades, there is still no cure for Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL), a ...

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