Name: neonatal murine cochlear explant technique as an in vitro screening tool in hearing research
Uploaded: 2017-06-08T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique as an In Vitro Screening Tool in Hearing Research at JoVE.com

この作業は、国立難聴者協会のR01DC015824（KMS）およびT32DC00038（SDサポート）、防衛省のW81XWH-15-1-0472（KMS）、Bertarelli財団（KMS）、ナンシーセイレスデー財団（KMS）、ラウアー耳鳴り研究センター（KMS）などがあります。 Jessica E. Sagers氏に感謝の意を表します。

この研究プロトコールは、マサチューセッツ州の眼および耳の施設動物管理および使用委員会（IACUC）によって承認された。実験は世界医師会の倫理規定に従って実施された。 1.解剖の準備<ol><li> 手術テーブルの準備 <ol><li> 70％エタノールを使用して外科用テーブルを消毒する。 </li><li> 2つの非滅菌準備パッドを顕微鏡の隣に置きます。 </li><li>熱殺菌した?...

<ol>
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J., Olze, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Salicylate+modulates+Hsp70+expression+in+the+explanted+organ+of+Corti.">Salicylate modulates Hsp70 expression in the explanted organ of Corti.</a> Neurosci Lett. 501 (2), 67-71 (2011).</li><li>Kao, S. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Loss+of+osteoprotegerin+expression+in+the+inner+ear+causes+degeneration+of+the+cochlear+nerve+and+sensorineural+hearing+loss.">Loss of osteoprotegerin expression in the inner ear causes degeneration of the cochlear nerve and sensorineural hearing loss.</a> Neurobiol Dis. 56, 25-33 (2013).</li><li>Jan, T. A., Chai, R., Sayyid, Z. N., Cheng, A. 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M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Secreted+Factors+from+Human+Vestibular+Schwannomas+Can+Cause+Cochlear+Damage.">Secreted Factors from Human Vestibular Schwannomas Can Cause Cochlear Damage.</a> Sci Rep. 5, 18599 (2015).</li><li>Soares, V. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extracellular+vesicles+derived+from+human+vestibular+schwannomas+associated+with+poor+hearing+damage+cochlear+cells.">Extracellular vesicles derived from human vestibular schwannomas associated with poor hearing damage cochlear cells.</a> Neuro Oncol. , (2016).</li><li>Tong, M., Brugeaud, A., Edge, A. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regenerated+synapses+between+postnatal+hair+cells+and+auditory+neurons.">Regenerated synapses between postnatal hair cells and auditory neurons.</a> J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 14 (3), 321-329 (2013).</li><li>Yuan, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ouabain-induced+cochlear+nerve+degeneration:+synaptic+loss+and+plasticity+in+a+mouse+model+of+auditory+neuropathy.">Ouabain-induced cochlear nerve degeneration: synaptic loss and plasticity in a mouse model of auditory neuropathy.</a> J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 15 (1), 31-43 (2014).</li><li>Fernandez, K. A., Jeffers, P. W., Lall, K., Liberman, M. C., Kujawa, S. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aging+after+noise+exposure:+acceleration+of+cochlear+synaptopathy+in+&amp;#34;recovered&amp;#34;+ears.">Aging after noise exposure: acceleration of cochlear synaptopathy in &amp;#34;recovered&amp;#34; ears.</a> J Neurosci. 35 (19), 7509-7520 (2015).</li><li>Barclay, M., Constable, R., James, N. R., Thorne, P. R., Montgomery, J. 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研究者は、蝸牛外植物を含む実験を行う前に解剖技術を完璧にしなければならない。有毛細胞は、学習曲線の早期に行われる解剖の間に一般的に損傷を受け、その完全性のための特に問題のある瞬間は、安定した手、適切な道具および経験を必要とする体膜の除去である。時間と資源を節約するために、解剖顕微鏡の下で視覚制御を行うべきであり、潜在的に損傷した領域に注目すべきであ?...

感音神経障害（SNHL）は、内耳または上行する聴覚経路への損傷を反映する。難聴はヒトの最も一般的な感覚障害であるが、治癒療法はまだ存在していない2 。蝸牛や聴覚の脳幹インプラントは、重度から重度のSNHLの患者にある程度の聴覚を回復することができますが、これらの装置で提供される聴力は、特に聴覚の発声を理解したり、音楽を聴いたりする試みにおいて、 毛細血管変性は長い間、外傷性聴覚事象（ 例えば、大きな騒音への曝露）の主な結果と考えられているが、有毛細胞から聴神経へ情報を伝達するシナプスは少なくとも音響外傷3 と同様に脆弱であるという証拠が増えている3 、 4,5 </sup<html> &gt; 、 6 。聴覚機能の評価のための現行の金標準である人間の聴力検査閾値は、内耳の特定の細胞損傷を予測しないので、細胞変性をできるだけ早期に検出し、適切な治療を開始するためにより洗練されたツールが必要です。 難聴のための有望な薬学的治療は、しばしば、インビトロでの均一な細胞培養物について試験されるが、このようなシステムは、蝸牛の微小環境を正確にモデル化しない。蝸牛細胞は、Corti 10,11またはSpiral Ganglion Neurons（SGN） 12の臓器を単離培養したときに失われる重要なインビボ過程である蝸牛8,9内の他の細胞型に影響を及ぼす栄養因子を分泌することが知られている分子マーカーを分析するしかしながら、「精密医学」の追求において、難聴のための新たなパーソナライズされた治療法を確立するためのインビトロデータの検証に必要であり得るインビボ研究は、かなりの資源と時間を必要とする。聴力検査とその後の蝸牛全体装着の中耳または円形窓膜注入を完璧に行うためにどれだけの労力が必要ですか？蝸牛外植体として知られている器官型ex vivo培養物の有望な化合物の効率的なスクリーニングは、 14,15,16,17 。 この記事では、治療された蝸牛外植片を生成、維持、評価するためのプロトコルについて詳述します。スクリーニングでの使用を含むこのモデルの特定のアプリケーションが強調されています遺伝子治療のためのウイルスベクターの比較評価を含む。 エクスビボでの外植片アプローチにより、研究者は、異なるタイプの細胞集団に対する所定の治療の効果を現場で視覚化し、細胞型特異的機構の同定およびその後の標的化治療の洗練を容易にすることができる。 全体的に、この技術は、蝸牛内に共存する非常に異なる細胞タイプ間の重要なクロストークを維持しながら、 生体外で蝸牛を研究するモデルを提供する。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Ampicillin, Sodium Salt</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>11593-027</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-CtBP2 antibody, mouse(IgG1)</td>
			<td>BD Transduction Laboratories</td>
			<td>612044</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-Myo7A antibody, rabbit</td>
			<td>Proteus Biosciences</td>
			<td>25-6790</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-NF-H antibody, chicken</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>AB5539</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-PSD95 antibody, mouse(IgG2a)</td>
			<td>Antibodies Inc.</td>
			<td>75-028</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-TuJ1 antibody, mouse</td>
			<td>BioLegend</td>
			<td>801202</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cell-Tak Cell and Tissue Adhesive, 5 mg</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>354241</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CELLSTAR 15 ml Centrifuge Tubes, Conical bottom, Graduation, Sterile</td>
			<td>Greiner Bio-One</td>
			<td>188161</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CELLSTAR Cell Culture Dish, 100x20 mm</td>
			<td>Greiner Bio-One</td>
			<td>664160</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CELLSTAR Cell Culture Dish, 35x10 mm, four inner rings</td>
			<td>Greiner Bio-One</td>
			<td>627170</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CELLSTAR Cell Culture Dish, 60x15 mm</td>
			<td>Greiner Bio-One</td>
			<td>628160</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CELLSTAR 50 ml Centrifuge Tubes, Conical bottom, Graduation, Sterile</td>
			<td>Greiner Bio-One</td>
			<td>227261</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clear Nail Polish</td>
			<td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td>
			<td>72180</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clear Wall Glass Bottom Dishes (Glass 40mm), PELCO&#174;, Sleeve/20, 50x7 mm</td>
			<td>Ted Pella Inc.</td>
			<td>14027-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Coverslips, Round, Glass, 10 mm diameter, Thickness #1, 0.13-0.16mm</td>
			<td>Ted Pella Inc.</td>
			<td>260368</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DAPI (4&#39;,6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole, Dihydrochloride)</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>D1306</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Distilled water, 500 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>15230-162&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM, high glucose, pyruvate, no glutamine, 500 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10313-039</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dumont #4 Forceps</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11241-30</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dumont #55 Forceps (Dumostar)</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11295-51</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethyl alcohol, Pure, 200 proof, anhydrous, &#8805;99.5%</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>459836-1L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fetal Bovine Serum, qualified, USDA-approved regions, 500 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10437-028&#160;</td>
			<td>Aliquot in 50 ml tubes and store in -20&#176;C freezer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glutamate - GlutaMAX supplement, 100 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>35050-061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-chicken-647 secondary antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A-21469</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-mouse(IgG)-568 secondary antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A-11004</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-mouse(IgG1)-568 secondary antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A-21124</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-mouse(IgG2a)-488 secondary antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A-21131</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-rabbit-488 secondary antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>R37116</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>H2O, sterile, EmbryoMax Ultra Pure Water, 500ml</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>TMS-006-B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HBSS, calcium, magnesium, no phenol red, 500 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>14025-092</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Instrument Tray with Lid Stainless Steel</td>
			<td>Mountainside Medical</td>
			<td>TechMed4255</td>
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			<td>Micro (dissecting) knife &#8211; angled 30&#176;</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
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			<td>Microscope slides, VistaVision, color-coded, 75 x 25 mm (3 x 1&#34;), 1 mm thick, white, pack of 72</td>
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			<td>16004-382</td>
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			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
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			<td>NaHCO3, Sodium Bicarbonate 7.5% solution, 100 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>25080-094</td>
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			<td>NaOH, sodium hydroxide solution, 1 l</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
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			<td>Invitrogen</td>
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			<td>Roboz Surgical Instruments Co.</td>
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			<td>Paraformaldehyde, Reagent Grade, Crystalline</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P6148</td>
			<td>Prior to use: Establish Standard Operating Procedures based on protocols available online</td>
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			<td>PBS, pH 7.4, 500 ml</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10010-023&#160;</td>
			<td>Autoclave prior to use</td>
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			<td>Phalloidin, Alexa Fluor 568&#160;</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
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			<td>Prep Pad, Non Sterile&#160;</td>
			<td>Medline</td>
			<td>05136CS</td>
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			<td>Safe-Lock Microcentrifuge Tubes, Polypropylene, 0.5 ml</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>022363719</td>
			<td>Autoclave prior to use</td>
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			<td>Safe-Lock Microcentrifuge Tubes, Polypropylene, 1.5 ml</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>022363204</td>
			<td>Autoclave prior to use</td>
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			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
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neonatal murine cochlear explant technique as an in vitro screening tool in hearing research

過去数十年間にわたり聴覚研究において顕著な進歩があったが、内耳の繊細な機械感覚構造の損傷または喪失を典型的に伴う状態である感音神経難聴（SNHL）の治療法はまだない。近年、精巧なin vitroおよびex vivoアッセイが出現しており、SNHLの治療法を開発するためのリソースを最小限に抑えながら、潜在的治療化合物のスクリーニングを可能にしています。特定の細胞型の均質な培養物が現在の研究において重要な役割を果たし続けているにもかかわらず、多くの科学者は現在、蝸牛外植片としても知られているより複雑な器官型の内耳細胞培養に頼っています。内耳内の組織化された細胞構造の保存は、内外の有毛細胞、らせん状神経節ニューロン、神経細胞を含む蝸牛インフルエンザの様々な成分のin situ評価を容易にするites、および支持細胞。ここでは、新生仔ネズミの蝸牛外植片の調製、培養、処置、および免疫染色を提示する。これらの外植片の注意深い準備は、SNHLに寄与する機構の同定を容易にし、聴覚研究共同体にとって貴重なツールとなる。

多くのプロトコルがCorti外植片の器官に焦点を当てていますが、この技法はSGNを含む蝸牛ターン全体の解剖学的構造を保存しようとします。これにより、研究者は、Cortiの器官に加えて、SGNの神経突起および体細胞に対する所与の治療の効果を分析する機会を得ることができる。ここに記載されているように、モディオラスの一部を保存する解剖を行うことは、コルチ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique as an In Vitro Screening Tool in Hearing Research at JoVE.com

Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique as an In Vitro Screening Tool in Hearing Research

このプロトコールの目的は、新生仔ネズミの蝸牛外植片の調製、培養、処置および免疫染色を実証することである。この技術は、聴覚研究におけるインビトロスクリーニングツールとして利用することができる。

新生児マウス蝸牛移植法<em&gt;インビトロ</em&gt;聴覚研究のスクリーニングツール

While there have been remarkable advances in hearing research over the past few decades, there is still no cure for Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL), a ...

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Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique as an In Vitro Screening Tool in Hearing Research

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The ability to hear is only the first step towards making sense of the range of information contained in an auditory signal. Of equal importance are the ...

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そのような自閉症や統合失調症のような一般的な疾患でのde novo変異を同定するための戦略

There are several lines of evidence supporting the role of de novo mutations as a mechanism for common disorders, such as autism and schizophrenia. First, ...

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Examining molecular mechanisms involved in neuropathological conditions, such as ischemic stroke, can be difficult when using whole animal systems. As ...

Dissection and Explant Culture of Murine Allantois for the In Vitro Analysis of Allantoic Attachment

Dissection and Explant Culture of Murine Allantois for the In Vitro Analysis of Allantoic Attachment

郭清と尿の添付ファイルのIn Vitro解析マウス尿膜の培養

The placenta is essential for the growth and development of mammalian embryos. For this reason, numerous genetic alterations and likely also environmental ...

Vagus Nerve Stimulation As an Adjunctive Neurostimulation Tool in Treatment-resistant Depression

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Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an approved neurostimulation therapy. The purpose of the method is to treat patients with therapy-resistant depression ...

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肝臓生物学のEx Vivoモデルとしてのマウス精密カット肝臓スライス

Understanding the mechanisms of liver injury, hepatic fibrosis, and cirrhosis that underlie chronic liver diseases (i.e., viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic ...

Measurement of Strial Blood Flow in Mouse Cochlea Utilizing an Open Vessel-Window and Intravital Fluorescence Microscopy

開放血管窓と生体内蛍光顕微鏡を用いたマウス蝸牛の心房血流測定

Transduction of sound is metabolically demanding, and the normal function of the microvasculature in the lateral wall is critical for maintaining ...

Performing Intracochlear Electrocochleography During Cochlear Implantation

蝸牛移植中の蝸牛内電気蝸牛造影の実施

Electrocochleography (ECochG) measures inner ear potentials generated in response to acoustic stimulation of the ear. These potentials reflect the ...

A Neonatal BALB/c Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

壊死性腸炎の新生児BALB/cマウスモデル

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most severe gastrointestinal (GI) disease that often occurs in premature infants, especially very low birth weight ...

Modified Technique for the Use of Neonatal Murine Hearts in the Langendorff Preparation

ランゲンドルフ調製における新生児マウス心臓の使用のための修正技術

The use of the ex-vivo retrograde perfused heart has long been a cornerstone of ischemia-reperfusion investigation since its development by Oskar ...