Name: effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation on the primary motor cortex by online combined approach with transcranial magnetic stimulation
Uploaded: 2017-09-23T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation at JoVE

Denne studien ble støttet av russisk Science Foundation gir (kontraktnummeret: 17-11-01273). Spesiell takk til Andrey Afanasov og kolleger fra multifunksjonelle InnovationsCenter for TV Technics (National Research University, høyere School of Economics, Moscow, Russland) for videoopptak og videoredigering.

alle prosedyrer ble godkjent av lokale forskning etikk av de høyere Handelshøyskole (HMS), Moskva, med samtykke fra alle deltakerne.
 Merk: deltakere må rapportere ingen historie implantert metall enheter, nevrologiske eller psykiatriske sykdom, narkotikamisbruk eller alkoholisme. TMS brukes i henhold til de nyeste sikkerhet retningslinjer 20. Emnene må være fullt informert av natur forskning og signere et samtykke skjema før du starter eksperimentet. Vi viser e...

<ol>
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F., Rossi, A., Rossi, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Frequency-specific+insight+into+short-term+memory+capacity.">Frequency-specific insight into short-term memory capacity.</a> J. Neurophysiol. 116 (1), 153-158 (2016).</li><li>Kanai, R., Paulus, W., Walsh, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transcranial+alternating+current+stimulation+(tACS)+modulates+cortical+excitability+as+assessed+by+TMS-induced+phosphene+thresholds.">Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) modulates cortical excitability as assessed by TMS-induced phosphene thresholds.</a> Clin. Neurophysiol. 121 (9), 1551-1554 (2010).</li><li>Polania, R., Moisa, M., Opitz, A., Grueschow, M., Ruff, C. 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Dette representerer en unik mulighet til å teste direkte online effekter av tACS av primære motorisk cortex ved å måle corticospinal utgang via MEPs opptak. Imidlertid representerer plasseringen av TMS spolen over tACS elektroden et viktig skritt som skal utføres nøyaktig. Derfor at vi først forskere Finn et målpunkt av enkelt puls TMS og merket det på hodebunnen og, bare etter at plasser tACS elektroden over aktiveringspunktet. Videre støtter tilgjengeligheten av et neuronavigation system avgjørende lokaliser...

Transkraniell elektrisk stimulering (tES) er en neuromodulatory teknikk som tillater endring av neuronal land gjennom ulike gjeldende bølgeformer1. De ulike typene tES gjør Transkraniell vekselstrøm stimulering (tACS) levering av sinusformet eksterne oscillasjon potensialene i et bestemt frekvensområde og modulering av fysiologiske nevrale aktivitet underliggende Perseptuell, motoriske og kognitive prosesser2. Bruke tACS, er det mulig å undersøke mulige årsakssammenhenger mellom endogene oscillasjon aktivitet og hjernen prosesser.
I vivo, har det vært vist at skyter nevrale aktivitet er synkronisert på ulike kjøring frekvenser, noe som tyder på at neuronal avfyring kan være entrained av elektrisk anvendt3. I dyremodeller entrains svake sinusformet tACS utladet frekvensen av utbredt kortikale neuronal bassenget4. Hos mennesker kan tACS kombinert med online Elektroencefalogram (EEG) induksjon av såkalte "Entrainment" effekten på endogene oscillasjon aktivitet av samspill med hjernen svingninger i frekvens-spesifikk måte5. Imidlertid er kombinere tACS neuroimaging metoder for en bedre forståelse av online mekanismer fremdeles tvilsom på grunn av AC-indusert gjenstander6. I tillegg er det ikke mulig å registrere direkte EEG signalet over stimulert målet uten å bruke en ring-lignende elektrode som er en tvilsom løsning7. Dermed er det mangel på systematiske studier på dette emnet.
Så langt, er det ingen klare bevis om varige effekter av tACS etter stimulering opphør. Noen studier har vist svake og uklare ettervirkninger av tACS på systemet8. Videre er EEG bevis ennå ikke klart om resultatene av tACS9. På den annen side, de fleste tACS studier viste fremtredende online effekter10,11,12,13,14,15,16 , 17 , 18, som er vanskelig å måle på et fysiologisk nivå på grunn av tekniske begrensninger. Dermed er er det overordnede målet med vår metode å gi en alternativ tilnærming for å teste online og frekvens-avhengige effekter av tACS på motorisk cortex (M1) ved å levere enkelt puls Transkraniell magnetisk stimulering (TMS). TMS kan forskere å "undersøke" fysiologisk tilstand av menneskelig motorisk cortex19. Videre ved Motor utløste potensialer (MEP) på emnet kontralateral hånd, kan vi undersøke virkningen av de pågående tACS11. Denne tilnærmingen lar oss nøyaktig overvåking av endringer i corticospinal excitability av måler MEP amplituden under online elektrisk stimulering levert på forskjellige frekvenser i en gjenstand problemfri måte. I tillegg kan denne tilnærmingen også teste online effekter av noen andre bølgeform av tES.
For å demonstrere kombinert tACS-TMS effekten, vil vi vise protokollen ved å bruke 20 Hz AC stimulering over primære motorisk cortex (M1) mens online neuronavigated enkelt puls TMS leveres blandet med ujevne mellomrom fra 3 til 5 s for å teste M1 kortikale excitability.

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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">BrainStim, high-resolution transcranial stimulator</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">E.M.S., Bologna, Italy</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">EMS-BRAINSTIM</td>
			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:213px;">Pair of 1,5m cables for connection of conductive silicone electrodes</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">E.M.S., Bologna, Italy</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">EMS-CVBS15</td>
			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">Reusable conductive silicone electrodes 50x50mm</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">E.M.S., Bologna, Italy</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">FIA-PG970/2</td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">Reusable spontex sponge for electrode 50x100mm</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">E.M.S., Bologna, Italy</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">FIA-PG916S</td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">Rubber belts &#8211; 75 cm</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">E.M.S., Bologna, Italy</td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">Plastic non traumatic button</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">E.M.S., Bologna, Italy</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">FIA-PG905/99</td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">Brainstim</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">E.M.S., Bologna, Italy</td>
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			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">MagPro X100 MagOption - transcranial magnetic stimulator</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">MagVenture, Farum, Denmark</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">9016E0731</td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">8-shaped coil MC-B65-HO-2</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">MagVenture, Farum, Denmark</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">9016E0462</td>
			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">Chair with neckrest</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">MagVenture, Farum, Denmark</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">9016B0081</td>
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			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:213px;">Localite TMS Navigator - Navigation platform, Premium edition</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">Localite, GmbH, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">21223</td>
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			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:213px;">Localite TMS Navigator - MR-based software, import data for morphological MRI (DICOM, NifTi)</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">Localite, GmbH, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">10226</td>
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			<td height="57" style="height:57px;width:213px;">MagVenture 24.8 coil tracker, Geom 1</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">Localite, GmbH, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">5221</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:213px;">Electrode wires for surface EMG</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">&#160;EBNeuro, Italy&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">6515</td>
			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">Surface Electrodes for EEG/EMG</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">&#160;EBNeuro, Italy&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">6515</td>
			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">BrainAmp ExG amplifier - bipolar amplifier&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">Brain Products, GmbH, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:123px;"></td>
			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">&#160;BrainVision Recorder 1.21.0004&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">Brain Products, GmbH, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:123px;"></td>
			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:213px;">Nuprep Skin Prep Gel&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">Weaver and Company, USA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:213px;">Syringes</td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td style="width:123px;"></td>
			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:213px;">Sticky tape</td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td style="width:123px;"></td>
			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:213px;">NaCl solution</td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td style="width:123px;"></td>
			<td style="width:157px;"></td>
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effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation on the primary motor cortex by online combined approach with transcranial magnetic stimulation

Transkraniell vekselstrøm stimulering (tACS) er en neuromodulatory teknikk i stand til å handle gjennom sinusformet elektrisk bølgediagrammer på en bestemt frekvens og igjen modulerer pågående kortikale oscillasjon aktivitet. Denne neurotool gjør etablering av en årsakssammenheng mellom endogene oscillasjon aktivitet og atferd. De fleste av tACS studier har vist online effekter av tACS. Men er lite kjent om underliggende handling mekanismer av denne teknikken på grunn av AC-indusert gjenstandene på Elektroencefalogram (EEG) signaler. Her viser vi en unik tilnærming til undersøke online fysiologiske frekvens spesifikke effekter av tACS av primære motorisk cortex (M1) ved hjelp av én puls Transkraniell magnetisk stimulering (TMS) for å undersøke kortikale excitability endringer. I vår oppsett, er TMS spolen plassert over tACS elektroden mens Motor utløste potensialer (parlamentet) er samlet for å teste effekten av pågående M1-tACS. Så langt er denne tilnærmingen hovedsakelig brukt til å studere den visuelle og motor systemer. Imidlertid, det gjeldende oppsettet for tACS-TMS kan bane vei for fremtidige undersøkelser av kognitive funksjoner. Derfor gir vi en trinnvis manual og video retningslinjer for prosedyren.

Det første beviset på en tACS/TMS kombinert tilnærming ble vist av Kanai et al. i 2010. I denne studien forfatterne anvendt tACS over den primære hjernebarken (V1) og viste en frekvens spesifikke modulering av visuelle kortikale excitability målt ved online TMS-indusert phosphene oppfatning15. En mer raffinert versjon av protokollen ble innført for å undersøke en fysiologisk modulering av motorisk cortex excitability av Feurra et al. i 201...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation at JoVE

Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Transkraniell vekselstrøm stimulering (tACS) kan modulering av kortikale excitability på en frekvens-spesifikk måte. Her viser vi en unik tilnærming som kombinerer online tACS med enkelt puls Transkraniell magnetisk stimulering (TMS) for å "probe" kortikale excitability med Motor utløste potensialer.

Effekter av Transkraniell vekselstrøm stimulering på primære motorisk Cortex av Online kombinert tilnærming med Transkraniell magnetisk stimulering

Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) is a neuromodulatory technique able to act through sinusoidal electrical waveforms in a specific ...

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Kombinert bruk av Transkraniell direkte gjeldende stimulering og Robotic terapi for den øvre lem

Neurologic disorders such as stroke and cerebral palsy are leading causes of long-term disability and can lead to severe incapacity and restriction of ...

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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique proposed as an alternative or complementary treatment for ...

Stimulation Location Determination using a 3D Digitizer with High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

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The abundance of neuroimaging data and rapid development of machine learning has made it possible to investigate brain activation patterns. However, ...