Name: isolation of human myoblasts, assessment of myogenic differentiation, and store-operated calcium entry measurement
Uploaded: 2017-07-26T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Human Myoblasts, Assessment of Myogenic Differentiation, and Store-operated Calcium Entry Measurement at JoVE.com

Diese Arbeit wurde von der Schweizerischen Nationalfonds (Stipendiat 310030-166313), der &quot;Fondation Suisse pour la recherche sur les maladies musculaires&quot;, der &quot;Stiftung Marcel Levaillant&quot; und der &quot;Fondation pour la recherche ostéo-articulaire&quot; unterstützt.

Menschliche Muskelproben (Gewebe aus semitendinösen Muskeln) wurden während der orthopädischen Chirurgie bei gesunden Patienten als chirurgischen Abfall gesammelt. Alle Methoden der menschlichen Studie wurden in Übereinstimmung mit den Richtlinien und Vorschriften der schweizerischen Regulatory Health Authorities durchgeführt und von der Kommission Cantonale d&#39;Ethique de la Recherche von den Genfer Kantonalbehörden, Schweiz (Protokoll CER n ° 12-259) . Informiert und schriftliche Zustimmungen wurden von allen...

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Die Isolierung und Kultur der menschlichen Myoblasten aus dem erwachsenen Skelettmuskel bietet ein in vitro Modell, um Muskelunterscheidung und Muskelregeneration zu untersuchen. In diesem Papier stellen wir ein Protokoll zur Verfügung, das die Reinigung von hohen Erträgen von menschlichen Myoblasten auf einfache und kostenbegrenzte Weise ermöglicht. Darüber hinaus bietet diese Technik zuverlässige und reproduzierbare Ergebnisse in Bezug auf den Prozentsatz der isolierten M...

Die menschlichen Skelettmuskeln bestehen aus Gruppen von kontraktilen, mehrkernigen Muskelfasern, die aus der Fusion von myogenen Vorläuferzellen resultieren. Skelettmuskeln haben die Fähigkeit, nach Verletzung durch die Anwesenheit von SCs, die Skelettmuskel Stammzellen zwischen der Plasmamembran von Myofasern (Sarkolemma) und der Basallamina zu regenerieren. Im unverletzten Muskel sind die SCs meist in einem Ruhezustand. Als Reaktion auf mechanische Beanspruchung oder Verletzung werden die SCs aktiviert (Myoblasten), proliferieren und unterziehen sich entweder der Differenzierung, um neue Myofasern zu bilden oder sich selbst zu erneuern, um den SC-Pool 1 , 2 wieder aufzufüllen. Im Laufe der Jahre wurden mehrere Techniken entwickelt, um SCs und ihre Nachkommen, die Myoblasten, von Skelettmuskelbiopsien zu isolieren. Mit dem besseren Verständnis der auf diesen Zellen exprimierten Zelloberflächenmarker und der Methodik der fluoreszenzaktivierten Zellsortierung (FACS) 3, 4 , 5 ist es nun möglich, reine Populationen menschlicher Myoblasten aus Muskelproben zu isolieren. Calcium-Signalisierung reguliert Skelettmuskelentwicklung, Homöostase und Regeneration. Insbesondere ist der Ca 2+ Eintrag, die folgenden intrazellulären Speicherentleerung aktiviert, SOCE genannt wird , ist von großer Bedeutung , 6 für diese Prozesse. Bei der Zellstimulation nimmt der Ca 2+ -Pegel im endo / sarkoplasmatischen Retikulum (ER / SR) ab, was wiederum Plasma-Membran-Ca 2+ -Kanäle aktiviert, die den Eintritt von Ca 2+ zum Nachfüllen des ER / SR 7 ermöglichen . Die beiden Hauptproteine, die an SOCE beteiligt sind, sind das ER / SR Ca 2+ -sensing stromal Interaktionsmolekül 1 (STIM1) Protein und die Plasmamembran Ca 2+ Kanal Orai1. Skelettmuskel drückt diese beiden Proteine, sowie andere Proteine ​​der gleichen Familien (STIM2 aNd Orai2-Orai3) 8 , 9 und mehrere Ca 2+ -permeable Kanäle der transienten Rezeptorpotential kanonischen (TRPC) Familie 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 . Ca 2+ Eintritt durch den SOCE-Weg ist von großer Bedeutung für die Muskelbildung / Regeneration 14 . Mutationen von STIM1- oder Orai1-Proteinen haben schädliche Wirkungen auf die Muskelfunktion, was vor allem auf Muskel-Hypotonie 15 führt . Tiermodelle mit SOCE-Beeinträchtigung zeigen auch reduzierte Muskelmasse und Kraft, zusammen mit erhöhter Ermüdbarkeit 6 , 16 , 17 . Wie bereits erwähnt, werden andere STIM- und Orai-Proteine ​​sowie viele TRPC-Kanäle im Skelettmuskel ausgedrückt und ihre jeweiligen Rollen wurden bisher nicht bestimmt. Durch klopfen dBesitzen ihre Ausdrucksstufe, es ist also möglich, ihre Implikationen in SOCE und ihre Rollen während der menschlichen Skelettmuskeldifferenzierung zu untersuchen. Die SOCE-Messung kann mit zwei verschiedenen Ansätzen durchgeführt werden: elektrophysiologische Stromaufnahmen und Ca 2+ -Messungen. Die Elektrophysiologie ist sicherlich eine direktere Methode, da sie den aktuellen Interesse und die damit verbundene elektrophysiologische Signatur misst. Allerdings ist diese Technik sehr schwierig, auf Muskelzellen anzuwenden, vor allem wegen der großen Größe der Muskelzellen und der geringen Größe des endogenen SOCE-Stroms. Die zytosolische Ca 2+ -Bildgebung ist technisch sehr zugänglich, aber die Maßnahme ist indirekt, da das im Cytosol gemessene Ca 2+ -Gehalt sowohl den Eintritt von Ca 2+ als auch das erneute Pumpen aus der Zelle oder in den internen Geschäften widerspiegelt. Eine Methodik, die die Isolierung von Myoblasten von kleinen Stücken menschlichen Skels beinhaltetEtal Muskel nach enzymatischen Verdauung, Amplifikation und FACS ist in diesem Papier erklärt. Der Prozess der Muskeldifferenzierung und des Immunfluoreszenzprotokolls, um der Expression von Differenzierungsmarkern im Laufe der Zeit zu folgen, sind beschrieben 18 . Schließlich werden die Messung von SOCE und die Rolle der verschiedenen Ionenkanäle in Ca 2+ -Signalisierung und Skelettmuskeldifferenzierung erläutert.

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	<tbody>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Ham&#8217;s F10</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">31550-023</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">FCS</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">10270-106</td>
			<td style="width:201px;">Lot 41G5532K</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">BSA</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">O5482</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">fetuin</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">F3385</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">EGF</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">354001</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Dexamethansone</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">D1756</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Insulin</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">I9278</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Creatine</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">27900</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Pyruvate</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">P4562</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Uridine</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">U3003</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Gentamycin</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">15710-049</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Trypsin-EDTA 0.05%</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">25300-062</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">70 &#956;m cell strainer</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Falcon</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">352350</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">40 &#956;m cell strainer</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Falcon</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">352340</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Falcon 50&#160;ml tube</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Falcon</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">352070</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Falcon 15&#160;ml tube</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Falcon</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">352096</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Falcon 5&#160;ml tube (FACS)</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Falcon</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">352058</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Culture medium: OPTI-MEM</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">31985-047</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Transfectant reagnt: RNAiMax</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">1756064</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">PBS</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">14190-094</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Mounting medium</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Fluka</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">10981</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Mouse anti-MyHC *</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">DSHB</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">MF20&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:201px;">concentrate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Mouse anti-myogenin</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">BD Pharmigen</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">556358</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Rabbit anti-MEF2</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Santa Cruz Biotech</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">C-21</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Goat anti-mouse Alexa488</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">A11029</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Goat anti-rabbit Alexa 546</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">A11035</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Mouse anti human CD56-Alexa488</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">557699</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Mouse anti human CD146-PECy7</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">562135</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Mouse anti human CD45-PE-CF594</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">562279</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Mouse anti human CD34-APC</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">345804</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Mouse anti human CD144-PE</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">560410</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Alexa Fluor 488 mouse IgG1k</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">557702</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">PECy7 mouse IgG1k</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">557872</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">PE-CF594 mouse IgG1k</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">562292</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">APC mouse IgG1k</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">550854</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">PE mouse IgG1k</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">556650</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="49">
			<td height="49" style="height:49px;width:321px;">DAPI</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">D9542</td>
			<td style="width:201px;">CAUTION:&#160; toxic compound</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Paraformaldehyde</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Fluka</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">762400</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Fura-2 AM</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">F1201</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:321px;">Pluronic F-127</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">P3000MP</td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="49">
			<td height="49" style="height:49px;width:321px;">Thapsigargin</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:187px;">T9033</td>
			<td style="width:201px;">CAUTION&#160;: toxic compound&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="49">
			<td height="49" style="height:49px;width:321px;">Ratio imaging acquisition software: Metafluor 6.3</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Molecular Device</td>
			<td style="width:187px;"></td>
			<td style="width:201px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td colspan="2" height="24" style="height:24px;">*&#160;: MF 20 was deposited to the DSHB by Fischman, D.A.&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation of human myoblasts, assessment of myogenic differentiation, and store-operated calcium entry measurement

Satellitenzellen (SC) sind Muskelstammzellen zwischen der Plasmamembran von Muskelfasern und der umgebenden Basallamina. Sie sind für die Muskelregeneration essentiell. Bei Verletzungen, die häufig in Skelettmuskeln auftreten, werden SCs aktiviert. Sie vermehren sich als Myoblasten und differenzieren, um Muskelläsionen zu reparieren. Unter vielen Ereignissen, die während der Muskeldifferenzierung stattfinden, sind zytosolische Ca 2+ -Signale von großer Bedeutung. Diese Ca 2+ -Signale ergeben sich aus der Ca 2+ - Freisetzung aus internen Ca 2+ - Speichern sowie aus dem Ca 2+ - Eintrag aus dem extrazellulären Raum, insbesondere dem speicherbetriebenen Ca 2+ - Eintrag (SOCE). Dieses Papier beschreibt eine Methodik, die verwendet wird, um eine reine Population von menschlichen Myoblasten aus Muskelproben zu erhalten, die nach orthopädischer Chirurgie gesammelt wurden. Das Gewebe wird mechanisch und enzymatisch verdaut, und die Zellen werden amplifiziert und dann nach Durchflusszytometrie nach der Anwesenheit von speci sortiertFische Membranmarker Einmal erhalten, werden menschliche Myoblasten erweitert und verpflichtet, durch die Entfernung von Wachstumsfaktoren aus dem Kulturmedium zu differenzieren. Die Expressionsniveaus spezifischer Transkriptionsfaktoren und in vitro Immunfluoreszenz werden verwendet, um den myogenen Differenzierungsprozess unter Kontrollbedingungen und nach dem Schweigen von Proteinen, die an der Ca 2+ -Signalisierung beteiligt sind, zu bewerten. Schließlich beschreiben wir die Verwendung von Fura-2 als ratiometrische Ca 2+ -Sonde, die zuverlässige und reproduzierbare Messungen von SOCE liefert.

Nach der enzymatischen Dissoziation einer menschlichen Muskelprobe wurden die Zellen in GM amplifiziert. Menschliche Myoblasten, definiert als CD56 + / CD146 + / CD45- / CD34- / CD144-Zellen, wurden nach FACS erhalten. Myoblasten repräsentierten mehr als 60% der analysierten Population ( Abbildung 1 ). Primäre menschliche Myoblasten wurden repliziert, zu Konfluenz gewachsen und in DM für 48 h kultiviert. Nach der Immunfärbung für die Expression des Transkriptionsfaktors MEF2 und der mu...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Human Myoblasts, Assessment of Myogenic Differentiation, and Store-operated Calcium Entry Measurement at JoVE.com

Isolation of Human Myoblasts, Assessment of Myogenic Differentiation, and Store-operated Calcium Entry Measurement

Hier beschreiben wir eine Methodik, um eine reine Population von menschlichen Myoblasten aus erwachsenem Muskelgewebe zu erhalten. Diese Zellen werden verwendet, um die In-vitro- Skelettmuskeldifferenzierung zu untersuchen und insbesondere Proteine ​​zu untersuchen, die an der Ca 2+ -Signalisierung beteiligt sind.

Isolierung von menschlichen Myoblasten, Beurteilung der myogenen Differenzierung und speicherbetriebenen Kalziumeintrittsmessung

Satellite cells (SC) are muscle stem cells located between the plasma membrane of muscle fibers and the surrounding basal lamina. They are essential for ...

The overall goal of this procedure is to obtain a pure population of human myoblasts from adult skeletal muscle. These cells are used for functional studies such as assessment of myogenic differentiation and measurement of store-operated calcium entry. The main advantage of this technique is that it allows a rapid, simple and reproducible isolation of human primary myoblasts.These myoblasts are the new ex-vivo to study the calcium signaling during muscle regeneration. This method can help answer key questions in the muscle field such as, identifying the ionic channels and the transcription factors involved during muscle differentiation. For this method can provide insight into gene functions during human myogenic differentiation.It can also be applied to other studies such as, potential for using myogenic stem cells to treat muscular dystrophies. Transfer the muscle sample into a sterile six centimeter plate, wash the sample with PBS twice. Remove any remaining adipose tissue and weigh the sample.Next, add trypsin and mince the muscle into pieces smaller than two millimeters in size. Once minced, use a 10 milliliter pipette to transfer the tissue into a 200 milliliter dissociation bottle containing a stir bar, then continue collecting minced tissue in trypsin solution until the dissociation bottle is filled to 90 milliliters. Now, incubate the tissue in a water bath at 37 degrees celsius for 60 minutes with gentle stirring.After an hour, add 10 milliliters of FCS to stop the reaction and homogenize the mixture using trituration. Now, load 70 micron strainers onto two 50 milliliter tubes and pass half of the cell suspension through each strainer by pipetting the suspension into the filters. Next, make a suspension of the cells in growth medium and plate 200, 000 cells onto six centimeter plates with four milliliters of medium.Incubate the plates, changing the medium every third day. After five to seven days, the cells should be 70%to 80%confluent, then, stain them. To begin, rinse the plate of confluent cells with PBS.Then, add one milliliter of trypsin solution and let the enzyme work for three minutes. Stop the reaction by adding two milliliters of medium and collect the cells in a 15 milliliter tube. Then, spin the cells down and re-suspend them in one milliliter of medium.Next, take a cell count while storing the cells on ice. For the facts analysis, load seven tubes with 100, 000 cells each. Load the remaining cells into an eighth tube for sorting.Wash the cells with one milliliter of cold fax buffer, then, centrifuge the tubes and aspirate and discard the supernatant. Add back 200 microliters of fax buffer with the appropriate antibodies and let the cells incubate on ice for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, wash the cells again and re-suspend them in 500 microliters of fax buffer, then sort the cells using a flow cytometer.After excluding the CD45 positive hematopoietic cells, separate the CD45 negative cells based on CD56 expression. Then, gate the CD56 positive population for CD34, CD144 and CD146. Re-analyse a fraction of the sorted population, to check the purity.Now, pull the human myoblasts and wash them with five milliliters of medium. Then re-suspend them in one milliliter of medium. Transfer the suspension to a six centimeter plate with four milliliters of medium and incubate the plate at 37 degrees celsius with 7%carbon dioxide.For this procedure, have cultured myoblasts and make fresh transvection medium. Incubate the medium at room temperature for 15 to 20 minutes. During the medium incubation, prepare the myoblasts.First, rinse them once with PBS. Then, trypsinise the adherent cells. Stop the reaction by adding two milliliters of medium.Then, collection the cells into a 50 milliliter tube. Spin them down and re-suspend them in one milliliter of medium. For each transvection, prepare 500, 000 cells in 200 microliters of medium.To each 500 microliters of transvection medium, add a 200 microliter aliquot of cells and then mix using only two strokes of the pipette gun. Then, let the reactions proceed for five minutes at room temperature. After five minutes, transfer the reactions to 3.5 centimeter culture dishes, each containing one glass cover slip.Next, add 1.3 milliliters of medium for a final volume of two milliliters and incubate the dishes. After 48 hours of differentiation, the cells can be immunostained or analyzed using calcium imaging. For either option, first carefully wash the cells twice using one milliliter of room temperature PBS to wash.Try to avoid detaching the myotubes. For a calcium imaging, cover the washed cells with two micromolar fura-2 AM plus one micromolar threonic acid in calcium containing medium. Then, let them incubate for about 30 minutes before mixing.Next, wash the cells twice with unmodified calcium containing medium and then, incubate them for 10 to 15 minutes for the esterification. Now, remove the cover slip from a culture plate and install it into the experimental chamber. Load the chamber with calcium containing medium, place it under a microscope, then, start the data recording.Fura-2 is excited alternately at 340 and 380 nanometers. The emission light is collected at 510 nanometers. Diving the 340 nanometer nanometer images by the 380 images, provides the image ratios as the fluctuations and calcium concentration are relatively low, acquire one image ratio every two seconds.After two or three minutes, replace the medium with calcium free medium. Then, for one or two minutes, monitor the activity of the store operated calcium in the cells. Next, add one micromolar thapsigargin to the cells to deplete their internal calcium stores.Wait eight to 10 minutes, then, rapidly replace the medium with the calcium containing medium and record for five minutes while calcium enters the cells via the suc e channels. After terminating the experiment, analyze the images. Select an area where there are no cells for region one, which defines the background, then, select an area in the cytoplasm for region two.The two regions can be drawn on any of the images in the series. Next, go to the run experiments tab and select reference images for the 340 and 380 channels, select region one, then click on subtract background. Now, run the entire experiment to remove the background from all the images.Once completed, click log data option to open a spreadsheet in which the time and the ratio data are logged. Muscle cells were grown up, expanded and sorted using fax. Myoblasts represented more than 60%of the analyzed population.The primary human myoblasts were then cultured in differentiation medium and immunostained for the transcription factor of MEF2 and myosin heavy chain proteins. A majority of cells expressed myosin heavy chain and formed myotubes with fusion index values of about 60%the other 40%of the cells remained undifferentiated mononucleated cells, also known as reserve cells. The described store operated calcium entry experiment were successfully performed on the differentiated cells.Performing the same experiment to on cells transvected with small interfering RNA, directed against calcium permeable channels of the TRPC family, shows that the knockdown had a measurable impact on store operated calcium entry. After watching this video, you should have a good understanding of how to isolate human myoblasts from adult skeletal muscle. We use these cells to study the successive steps of muscle differentiation and in particular, deactivation of the transcription factors and calcium channels.Once mastered, this technique can be done in less than three hours if it is performed properly. It is a rapid, simple, reproducible method that obtains the yield of human myoblasts. While attempting this procedure, it is important to prevent the myoblast cultures from reaching full confidence, as there will be unwanted spontaneous differentiation.

Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

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Isolierung und Charakterisierung von Quantitative Immunzytochemische Primäre myogenen Zellen und Fibroblasten aus menschlichen Skelettmuskel

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