Name: high fat diet feeding and high throughput triacylglyceride assay in drosophila melanogaster
Uploaded: 2017-09-13T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about High Fat Diet Feeding and High Throughput Triacylglyceride Assay in Drosophila Melanogaster at JoVE.com

我们想感谢埃丽卡-泰勒编辑这份手稿。这项工作的经费来自国家卫生研究院 (P01 HL098053、P01 AG033561 和 R01 HL054732) 的赠款、导流洞、博士后研究补编 (R01 HL085481) 和研究金 (AAUW) S.B.D., 以及美国心脏协会向 S.B.D. 提供的赠款。和 R.T.B。

1. 风喂养协议 <img alt="Table 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/56029/56029table1.jpg"/> 表1。飞行食品食谱. 
这张桌子总结了不同的配料用来准备我们的控制食品。一旦制成, 10 毫升的食物被倒入瓶, 冷却和储存在4和 #176; C 用于长期存储. 
<ol> <li> 风准备 <ol> <li> 以制作1公斤高脂肪食品, 称700克预制正常飞行食品 (见 表 1 ) 和300克椰子油, 使用分析...

<ol>
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肥胖诱导小鼠可能需要几个月19,20。在苍蝇中, 这种风喂养协议允许在几天或更短的时间内诱导过量的脂肪堆积, 导致脂肪堆积仅在18小时后增加 (参见图 2)。风哺养以被描述的协议增加葡萄糖内容12并且减少钢脂肪酶和 PGC-1 表达24。这与成人果蝇的禁食形成对比, 导致脂肪和葡萄糖含...

在这个时代, 肥胖及其相关的经济负担是一个世界性的问题1。每三美国人中就有两个超重或肥胖与相关的心脏疾病, 在成年人口的主要死因2。需要采用新的有效方法来充分研究代谢综合征的遗传和分子成分, 并利用模型生物体进行调控。因此, 我们选择果蝇果蝇模型, 因为它与哺乳动物共享最基本的生物过程, 包括老鼠和人类3,4,5,6。在进化过程中,果蝇的基因组是高度保守的, 但总体上要小得多, 基因重复性和代谢复杂度更低, 这使得它非常适合理解许多人类疾病所牵连的基本机制4,7,8. 另外, 由脂肪组织、肠道和胰腺所进行的特征过程在苍蝇中代表, 并在葡萄糖和脂代谢中调解调节功能, 例如, 与人相似9, 10,11。此外, 在人类控制肥胖, 胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病的基本分子通路在果蝇12,13,14中的功能保存,15,16. 象更高的有机体,果蝇有跳动的心脏在发展期间由相似的过程形成对那哺乳动物心脏3,17。因此, 开发一个可靠的风喂养协议和高通量标签化验, 适应有效的筛选目的使用的遗传工具盒的果蝇, 提供了一个重要的手段来研究和理解的基本遗传基础潜在的复杂代谢疾病。
风食品本身是由标准的实验室飞行食品补充椰子油, 其中主要是组成的饱和脂肪酸已知与代谢综合征18。当在哺乳动物模型中诱发肥胖, 例如啮齿目动物, 可能需要月19,20, 我们的优化风喂养协议在果蝇有效和性增加个体脂肪含量的问题天12,14。该协议, 与高通量标记化验, 允许有效的大规模筛选的影响, 遗传因素, 环境影响和药物候选者发现新的调节脂肪代谢。因此, 这些协议可能与理解和/或对抗肥胖和肥胖相关的人类病症有关。
该喂养方案具有通用性, 可用于研究单饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸的代谢和功能作用。使用此高通量标签检测不仅限于黑腹果蝇, 而且可以适应各种具有角质层或硬细胞外基质的小模型生物体 (如如、其他果蝇种、线虫和其他新兴的无脊椎动物模型有机体) 在不同的环境、遗传或生理条件下测量脂肪含量, 在发育的任何阶段, 成年或代谢疾病的阶段。标签法是基于比色测量的一系列酶反应, 将标签降解成游离脂肪酸, 甘油, 甘油 3-磷酸盐和最后的 H2O2 , 反应与 4-基安 (4--和 35-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzene 磺酸 (35 地区) 生产一种用 96-井分光光度计测量的红色产品。

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			<td height="21" style="width:400px;height:21px;">Coconut oil</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Nutiva</td>
			<td># 692752200014</td>
			<td>15 0z jar</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:400px;height:21px;">PBS 10X</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:148px;"># AM9625</td>
			<td>500 ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:400px;height:21px;">Triton X-100</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:148px;"># 9002-93-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:400px;height:21px;">Gas-permeable Foil</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Macherey-Nagel</td>
			<td style="width:148px;"># 740675</td>
			<td>50 pieces</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:400px;height:21px;">filter Paper</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:148px;"># 28317-241</td>
			<td>Pack of 100</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:400px;height:21px;">Drosophila vials</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Genesee Scientific</td>
			<td>Cat #: 32-116SB</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Quick Start Bovine Serum Albumin Standard</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Bio-Rad</td>
			<td># 5000206</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:400px;height:21px;">FlyNap Anesthetic</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Carolina</td>
			<td style="width:148px;"># 173025</td>
			<td>100 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Kimwipes Low-Lint</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Uline</td>
			<td style="width:148px;"># S-8115</td>
			<td>1-Ply, 4.4 x 8.4&#34;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

high fat diet feeding and high throughput triacylglyceride assay in drosophila melanogaster

心脏病是全世界人类死亡的头号原因。许多研究表明, 肥胖与人类心脏功能失调之间有密切的联系, 但是需要更多的工具和研究来更好地阐明所涉及的机制。一个多世纪以来, 基因高度驯服的果蝇模型在发现重要基因和分子通路方面起到了很大的作用, 证明它们在物种中是高度保守的。许多生物过程和疾病机制在功能上被保存在飞行中, 如发育 (如, 身体计划, 心脏), 癌症和神经退行性疾病。最近, 关于肥胖和继发性疾病的研究, 如模型生物体中的心脏病, 在确定参与人体代谢综合征的关键调控因子方面发挥了极为关键的作用。
在这里, 我们建议使用这种模式的有机体作为一个有效的工具, 以诱导肥胖,即, 过度脂肪积累, 并制定一个有效的协议, 以监测脂肪含量的形式, 标记积累。除了高度保守的, 但不太复杂的基因组, 苍蝇也有短寿命的快速试验, 结合 cost-effectiveness。本文提供了一个详细的协议为高脂肪饮食 (风) 喂养在果蝇诱导肥胖和高通量三 (标签) 测定的相关增加脂肪含量, 目的是高度重现性和有效的 large-scale 基因或化学筛选。这些协议提供了新的机会来有效地调查肥胖所涉及的监管机制, 并为药物发现研究提供一个标准化的平台, 用于快速测试候选药物对发展或预防肥胖、糖尿病及相关代谢疾病。

在四腹果蝇中, 与其他物种的情况一样, 雄性和雌性之间存在性异形,22。众所周知, 雌性比男性更大, 腹部中的脂肪比22多。为了测试我们的协议的有效性, 我们进行了标记分析, 以确定标准实验室野生 (w1118) 中的男女之间的标签内容差异。数据显示, 女性的全身脂肪比男性的要多 (图 2A, B</s...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about High Fat Diet Feeding and High Throughput Triacylglyceride Assay in Drosophila Melanogaster at JoVE.com

High Fat Diet Feeding and High Throughput Triacylglyceride Assay in Drosophila Melanogaster

高脂膳食喂养和高通量三测定在果蝇中的含量

这是一个高脂肪饮食喂养协议, 以诱发肥胖在果蝇, 一个模型, 了解的基本分子机制牵连脂。它还提供了一种高通量三测定方法, 用于测量在各种饮食、环境、遗传或生理条件下的果蝇中的脂肪积累和潜在的其他 (昆虫) 模型。

Heart disease is the number one cause of human death worldwide. Numerous studies have shown strong connections between obesity and cardiac malfunction in ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Genetics

High Fat Diet Feeding and High Throughput Triacylglyceride Assay in Drosophila Melanogaster

A Robotic Platform for High-throughput Protoplast Isolation and Transformation

机器人平台的高通量原生质体分离和转型

Over the last decade there has been a resurgence in the use of plant protoplasts that range from model species to crop species, for analysis of signal ...

科研

遗传学

High-Throughput Robotically Assisted Isolation of Temperature-sensitive Lethal Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

High-Throughput Robotically Assisted Isolation of Temperature-sensitive Lethal Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

温度敏感致死突变体的高通量机器人辅助隔离<em&gt;莱茵衣藻</em

Systematic identification and characterization of genetic perturbations have proven useful to decipher gene function and cellular pathways. However, the ...

Quantifying Abdominal Pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster

Quantifying Abdominal Pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster

量化腹部色素沉着<em&gt;黑腹果蝇</em

Pigmentation is a morphologically simple but highly variable trait that often has adaptive significance. It has served extensively as a model for ...

Generation of Native Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing Libraries for Nucleosome Density Analysis

核密度分析的天然染色质沉淀测序文库的生成

We present a modified native chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) experimental protocol compatible with a Gaussian mixture distribution ...

High Resolution Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization in Drosophila Embryos and Tissues Using Tyramide Signal Amplification

High Resolution Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization in Drosophila Embryos and Tissues Using Tyramide Signal Amplification

高分辨率荧光原位杂交在果蝇胚胎和组织中使用 Tyramide 信号放大

In our efforts to determine the patterns of expression and subcellular localization of Drosophila RNAs on a genome-wide basis, and in a variety of ...

Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

植物标本标本的鲁棒 DNA 分离与高通量测序库建设

Herbaria are an invaluable source of plant material that can be used in a variety of biological studies. The use of herbarium specimens is associated with ...

High-throughput Identification of Synergistic Drug Combinations by the Overlap2 Method

High-throughput Identification of Synergistic Drug Combinations by the Overlap2 Method

通过重叠2方法高通量识别协同药物组合

Although antimicrobial drugs have dramatically increased the lifespan and quality of life in the 20th century, antimicrobial resistance threatens our ...

High-throughput DNA Extraction and Genotyping of 3dpf Zebrafish Larvae by Fin Clipping

3dpf 斑马鱼幼虫的高通量 DNA 提取及基因分型研究

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) possess orthologues for 84% of the genes known to be associated with human diseases. In addition, these animals have a short ...

High-Throughput DNA Plasmid Multiplexing and Transfection Using Acoustic Nanodispensing Technology

使用声学纳米分配技术实现高通量DNA质粒多路复用和转染

Cell transfection, indispensable for many biological studies, requires controlling many parameters for an accurate and successful achievement. Most often ...

Digital PCR-based Competitive Index for High-throughput Analysis of Fitness in Salmonella

Digital PCR-based Competitive Index for High-throughput Analysis of Fitness in Salmonella

基于数字PCR的沙门氏菌健康高通量分析竞争指数

A competitive index is a common method used to assess bacterial fitness and/or virulence. The utility of this approach is exemplified by its ease to ...