Name: central and divided visual field presentation of emotional images to measure hemispheric differences in motivated attention
Uploaded: 2017-11-16T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention at JoVE.com

此处描述的所有方法都已由堪萨斯大学的 "人类主题研究" 内部审查委员会批准. 
 1. 选择参与者 <ol> <li> 使用右手的参与者进行 DVF 研究。在少数情况下 (10%), left-handed 个体是侧的语言处理在右半球, 这将导致头皮记录的 ERP 组件与非的地形分布. </li>
	<li> 让参与者完成爱丁堡惯用手清单 9 以确定强右。八或更高的分数表示强右. </li>
</ol> 2?...

<ol>
	<li>Ali, N., Cimino, C. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hemispheric+lateralization+of+perception+and+memory+for+emotional+verbal+stimuli+in+normal+individuals.">Hemispheric lateralization of perception and memory for emotional verbal stimuli in normal individuals.</a> Neuropsychology. 11 (1), 114-125 (1997).</li><li>Cacioppo, J. T., Crites, S., Gardner, W. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Attitudes+to+the+right:+evaluative+processing+is+associated+with+lateralized+late+positive+event-related+brain+potentials.">Attitudes to the right: evaluative processing is associated with lateralized late positive event-related brain potentials.</a> Pers Soc Psycho B. 22 (12), 1205-1219 (1996).</li><li>Heller, W., Nitschke, J. B., Miller, G. 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在本研究中, 刺激价和唤醒的操作使用 DVF 范式测试的理论, 侧处理的情绪, 因为它们适用于激励注意网络。然而, DVF 方法可以用来探索任何侧处理的视觉信息。当使用 DVF 范式时, 关键是控制刺激的呈现, 以确保信息被隔离到一个半球进行初始处理。有几个关键步骤的 DVF 范式, 有助于这方面的研究。
首先, 参与者被指示保持眼睛盯着屏幕的中心。固定标记, 双边假刺激 (或占位),...

关于侧处理的几个理论已经被假设为两个大脑半球。其中包括情绪处理理论。价模型1提出, 左半球是专门为愉快的情绪, 而右半球是专门为不愉快的情绪。右半球优势假说2建议右半球是专门用来处理与左半球相比的所有情感信息的。最后, Circumplex 理论3提出, 除了对价的额不对称外, 右半球的后部区域专门用于处理所有 high-arousing 的情绪。为了测试这些侧的加工理论, 必须使用能够区分两半球之间加工的方法。虽然神经影像技术可以提供这些信息, 但大多数研究科学家往往不容易接触到它们。此外, 许多标准的认知范式, 即使结合神经影像学方法, 也不能隔离在每个半球内处理的信息。分视场 (DVF) 方法为行为学和心理科学家提供了一个途径, 可以在不使用神经影像技术的情况下测试侧的处理理论。
DVF 的方法学是基于对一个视觉领域的刺激最初接受和处理的对侧半球4的知识。DVF 方法利用侧的刺激, 在短的时间间隔, 让一个大脑半球接收信息之前, 其他5。因此, 对右视野的 contralaterally 的刺激是由左半球处理的, 而对左视场的刺激是由右半球处理的。通过这种方式, 可以检查单个半球中信息的初始处理的差异。例如, 它是公认的左半球是专门为处理语言信息 (为荟萃分析参见参考6)。使用 DVF 范式的研究表明, 当向左半球 (即, 显示在正确的视野中) 的单词与向右半球呈现时相比, 处理速度提高了。
为了评估两个半球的加工差异, 可能需要比行为反应时间更精细的时间分辨措施。事件相关电位 (erp) 来源于人类脑电图 (eeg) 数据有时间分辨率的顺序毫秒 (ms)。因此, 利用 ERP 技术与 DVF 方法, 可以对两个半球之间的加工差异进行精确评估。最初, 中央视场 (CVF) 的介绍的刺激可以用来复制既定的 ERP 效果。然后, DVF 的介绍的刺激可以用来检查独特的贡献, 每个半球的传播这些 ERP 的影响。对当前研究的特别感兴趣的7, 后期的正电位 (LPP) 已经被确定为对刺激的情绪唤醒敏感的 ERP 组件8。有趣的是, LPP 并没有被发现能够始终如一地区分不愉快和愉悦的刺激, 而是对中性刺激的情绪刺激做出同样的反应。这项研究的目的是测试侧处理的情绪理论, 使用 LPP 作为一个指标的动机关注情绪刺激的两个半球之间。
此外, 本研究还系统地考察了 LPP 早期和晚期表现的情绪刺激的价和觉醒维度。这些刺激操作结合了 CVF 和 DVF 刺激的介绍是独特的文学, 因为它们允许研究的价, 唤醒, 和半球的处理的独特和互动的影响 LPP 的传播.因此, 与愉快的刺激相比较, 不愉快的动作的即时性的影响, 这应该是有动机的注意, 从而 LPP, 可以探索。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="573">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">64-channel Ag-AgCl active electrodes</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Cortech Solutions</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">DA-AT-ESP32102064A/DA-AT-ESP32102064B</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">EEG electrodes for data collection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">ActiveTwo Base System</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Cortech Solutions</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">DA-AT-BCBS</td>
			<td>Digitizes and ampliphies EEG data at 500 Hz</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">E-Prime Professional 2.0</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Psychology Software Tools</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NA</td>
			<td>Stimulus presentation software, available at https://www.pstnet.com/eprime.cfm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">CURRY 7.0</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Compumedics Neuroscan</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NA</td>
			<td>EEG/ERP data processing and analysis, available at http://compumedicsneuroscan.com/products/by-name/curry/</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

central and divided visual field presentation of emotional images to measure hemispheric differences in motivated attention

文学中存在着两种主要的情绪信息侧处理理论。有一种理论认为, 不愉快的情绪是由右前额区处理的, 而愉悦的情绪则由左前额区域处理。另一种理论认为右半球更专门处理情绪信息的整体, 特别是在后区。
如果不使用神经影像学方法, 评估大脑半球在处理情绪信息方面的不同作用可能会很困难, 因为这是所有科学家都无法获取或负担不起的。不同的视觉场呈现的刺激可以允许调查的侧处理信息, 而不使用神经影像技术。
这项研究比较了中央和分割的视觉场表现的情绪图像, 以评估不同的动机注意两个半球。晚阳性电位 (LPP) 记录使用脑电图 (eeg) 和事件相关电位 (erp) 方法, 以评估积极的注意。未来的工作将对这个范例与一个更积极的行为任务, 以探索行为影响的注意差异发现。

为了复制先前对 LPP 的研究, LPP 对不愉快和令人愉悦的图像的反应应大于对中性图像的 LPP 响应。这由 CVF 分析证实, 发现 LPP 在早期的世纪是明显地大到令人不快的 (m = 1.90 μ) 和宜人 (m = 1.71 μ) 图片比较中性图片 (m = 0.72 μ), 但令人不快和宜人没有发现图像有明显的不同。有趣的是, 在晚期, LPP 被发现是更大的令人不快的 (m = 1.19 μ) 相比, 令人愉快?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention at JoVE.com

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention

中央和分割的视觉场表现的情绪图像, 以测量半球的差异, 激发注意

这项研究比较了中央和分割的视觉场表现的情绪图像, 以评估不同的动机注意两个半球。晚阳性电位 (LPP) 记录使用脑电图 (eeg) 和事件相关电位 (erp) 方法, 以评估积极的注意。

Two dominant theories on lateralized processing of emotional information exist in the literature. One theory posits that unpleasant emotions are processed ...

The overall goal of this divided visual field event related potential methodology is to observe the unique contribution of each hemisphere of the brain to the processing of emotional stimuli as measured by the late positive potential, or LPP. This method can help to answer key questions in the field of lateralized processing of emotion such as, What are the unique contributions of each hemisphere to the motivated attention network for processing unpleasant versus pleasant stimuli? The main advantage of this technique is that it allows you to assess the processing differences between the two hemispheres of the brain with a fine temporal resolution.Demonstrating the procedure will be Nick Lunny, a grad student in my lab. Zach Gemelli, an undergraduate research assistant in my lab will be playing the role of the participant. Begin by escorting the participant into the testing room and having them read and complete an informed consent.Then have the participant complete a demographic survey to provide sex, age, handedness, native language, vision and neurological history in order to assess inclusion for the study. Next, apply electroencephalography, or EEG electrodes, onto the participant's scalp according to the international 10-20 system. Then, seat the participant in a dark, electrically shielded sound attenuated room.Use a chin rest to stabilize the head and minimize movement. Then, instruct the participant to passively view the image stimuli without shifting their eyes away from the center of the screen. Instruct the participant that a recognition quiz will follow the stimuli, so it is important that they pay attention.Finally, display a fixation cross at the center of the screen to help the participant fixate. For the central visual field, CVF paradigm, have the participant passively view the image stimuli in four experimental blocks of 45 trials each at the center of the screen. Note each block has an equal number of stimuli from the valence arousal conditions.On the other hand, if the participant is randomized to the divided visual field, DVF paradigm, randomly present each image, once in the left visual field and once in the right visual field. Pair each image stimulus with the simultaneous presentation of a solid brown rectangle identical in stimulus dimensions on the opposite side of the fixation in order to reduce reflexive saccades to the stimulus. Next, present each stimulus and its paired brown rectangle with their inside edge three degrees of visual angle from the fixation.Finally, backward mask both the stimulus and the brown rectangle using the same criteria and procedure as was done for the CVF paradigm. The late positive potential, or LPP, in the early epic was significantly larger to unpleasant and pleasant images, which did not differ from each other, compared to neutral images. And high arousing images evoked larger LPP responses than medium arousing images.In the late epic, the LPP was significantly larger to high arousing unpleasant images compared to all other images. Further, the LPP was found to be larger in the early epic compared to the late epic for all image presentations except for high arousing unpleasant images presented to the left hemisphere. The left hemisphere engages high arousing unpleasant images for longer, possibly to create an action plan in response to the images.For the divided visual field procedure, it is important that the participant's eyes stay fixated at the center of the screen to optimize lateralized stimulus processing. For successful divided visual field presentations, carefully control stimulus size, presentation duration and location on the screen. Balance the presentation of your stimulus with the filler stimulus and use backward masking to optimize lateralized stimulus processing.The divided visual field procedure can be used with vent related potentials to investigate lateralized processing of emotion as well as investigate the unique and interactive effects of valence and arousal on the motivated attention network. Divided visual field procedures, in combination with event related potential techniques, can also be used to answer additional questions about a variety of theories of lateralized processing and visual spacial processing systems in the brain.

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的双任务过程结合快速系列视觉呈现到测试的注意闪烁Nontargets

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Rodent Brain Microinjection to Study Molecular Substrates of Motivated Behavior

啮齿动物脑显微注射学习动机行为的分子基板

Brain microinjection can aid elucidation of the molecular substrates of complex behaviors, such as motivation. For this purpose rodents can serve as ...

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content

情绪Stroop任务：评估下暴露的认知表现的情感内容

The emotional Stroop effect (ESE) is the result of longer naming latencies to ink colors of emotion words than to ink colors of neutral words. The ...

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

在阿斯伯格综合症情绪面孔的自觉和不自觉的交涉

Several neuroimaging studies have suggested that the low spatial frequency content in an emotional face mainly activates the amygdala, pulvinar, and ...

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

通过颞阶判决的基于模型的分析测量注意力和视觉处理速度

This protocol describes how to conduct temporal-order experiments to measure visual processing speed and the attentional resource distribution. The ...

Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

使用快速串行可视化演示来测量集特定捕获, 这是在多任务时分心的结果。

This method uses a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) paradigm to measure the cost of distraction when participants maintain multiple search goals. ...

Gaze in Action: Head-mounted Eye Tracking of Children's Dynamic Visual Attention During Naturalistic Behavior

行动中的目光: 在自然主义行为中对儿童动态视觉注意力的头戴式眼动

Young children's visual environments are dynamic, changing moment-by-moment as children physically and visually explore spaces and objects and interact ...

Spotlighting Customers' Visual Attention at the Stock, Shelf and Store Levels with the 3S Model

利用3S 模型, 在库存、货架和商店级别突出客户的视觉关注

Several models of the in-store search process exist in the fields of retailing, marketing, and consumer-based research. The present article presents a new ...