Name: central and divided visual field presentation of emotional images to measure hemispheric differences in motivated attention
Uploaded: 2017-11-16T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention at JoVE.com

ここで説明したすべてのメソッドは、カンザス州ローレンス, カンザスの大学で人体実験の内部審査委員会によって承認されている。
 1 です。 参加者の選択する DVF 研究 <ol><li>使用右利き参加者。まれに (10%)、左利きの人々 は、非典型的な地形分布を持つ ERP 成分を頭皮を記録すると、右の半球における言語処理の偏側します</li>。
	<li>が持っている参加者が完了し、?...

<ol>
	<li>Ali, N., Cimino, C. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hemispheric+lateralization+of+perception+and+memory+for+emotional+verbal+stimuli+in+normal+individuals.">Hemispheric lateralization of perception and memory for emotional verbal stimuli in normal individuals.</a> Neuropsychology. 11 (1), 114-125 (1997).</li><li>Cacioppo, J. T., Crites, S., Gardner, W. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Attitudes+to+the+right:+evaluative+processing+is+associated+with+lateralized+late+positive+event-related+brain+potentials.">Attitudes to the right: evaluative processing is associated with lateralized late positive event-related brain potentials.</a> Pers Soc Psycho B. 22 (12), 1205-1219 (1996).</li><li>Heller, W., Nitschke, J. B., Miller, G. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lateralization+in+emotion+and+emotional+disorders.">Lateralization in emotion and emotional disorders.</a> Curr Dir in Psychol Sci. 7 (1), 26-32 (1998).</li><li>Beaumont, J. G., Young, A. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functions+of+the+right+cerebral+hemisphere.">Functions of the right cerebral hemisphere.</a> Methods for studying cerebral hemispheric function. , 114-146 (1983).</li><li>Bourne, V. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+divided+visual+field+paradigm:+methodological+considerations.">The divided visual field paradigm: methodological considerations.</a> Laterality. 11 (4), 373-393 (2006).</li><li>Vigneau, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Meta-analyzing+left+hemisphere+language+areas:+phonology,+semantics,+and+sentence+processing.">Meta-analyzing left hemisphere language areas: phonology, semantics, and sentence processing.</a> NeuroImage. 30, 1414-1432 (2006).</li><li>O'Hare, A. J., Atchley, R. A., Young, K. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Valence+and+arousal+influence+the+late+positive+potential+during+central+and+lateralized+presentation+of+images.">Valence and arousal influence the late positive potential during central and lateralized presentation of images.</a> Laterality. , 1-19 (2016).</li><li>Olofsson, J. K., Nordin, S., Sequeira, H., Polich, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Affective+picture+processing:+an+integrative+review+of+ERP+findings.">Affective picture processing: an integrative review of ERP findings.</a> Biol Psychol. 77 (3), 247-265 (2008).</li><li>Oldfield, R. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+assessment+and+analysis+of+handedness:+The+Edinburgh+inventory.">The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory.</a> Neuropsychologia. 9, 97-113 (1971).</li><li>Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., Cuthbert, B. N., Lang, P. J., Simons, . R. F., Balaban, M., Simons, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Motivated+attention:+affect,+activations,+and+action.">Motivated attention: affect, activations, and action.</a> Attention and orienting: Sensory and motivational processes. , 97-135 (1997).</li><li>Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., Cuthbert, B. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=International+affective+picture+system+(IAPS):+affective+ratings+of+pictures+and+instruction+manual.">International affective picture system (IAPS): affective ratings of pictures and instruction manual.</a> Technical Report A-8. , (2008).</li><li>Nolan, S. A., Heinzen, T. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hypothesis+testing+with+t+tests:+comparing+two+groups.">Hypothesis testing with t tests: comparing two groups.</a> Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. , 382-421 (2008).</li><li>Bradley, M. M., Hamby, S., Low, A., Lang, P. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Brain+potentials+in+perception:+picture+complexity+and+emotional+arousal.">Brain potentials in perception: picture complexity and emotional arousal.</a> Psychophysiology. 44, 364-373 (2007).</li><li>Mccready, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=On+size,+distance,+and+visual+angle+perception.">On size, distance, and visual angle perception.</a> Percept Psychophys. 37 (4), 323-334 (1985).</li><li>Jasper, H. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Report+of+the+committee+on+methods+of+clinical+examination+in+electroencephalography:+1957.">Report of the committee on methods of clinical examination in electroencephalography: 1957.</a> Electroen Clin Neuro. 10 (2), 370-375 (1958).</li><li>Luck, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Basic principles of ERP recording. An Introduction to the Event-Related Potential Technique. , 147-184 (2014).</li><li>Luck, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+design+of+ERP+experiments.">The design of ERP experiments.</a> An Introduction to the Event-Related Potential Technique. , 119-146 (2014).</li><li>Woodman, G. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+brief+introduction+to+the+use+of+event-related+potentials+(ERPs)+in+studies+of+perception+and+attention.">A brief introduction to the use of event-related potentials (ERPs) in studies of perception and attention.</a> Atten Percept Psychophys. 72 (8), 2031-2046 (2010).</li><li>Carpenter, R. H. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Movements of the eyes. , (1988).</li><li>Young, K. M., Atchley, R. A., Atchley, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Offset+masking+in+a+divided+visual+field+study.">Offset masking in a divided visual field study.</a> Laterality. 14 (5), 473-494 (2009).</li><li>Compumedics Neuroscan. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> CURRY 7 [computer software]. , (2008).</li><li>Luck, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Artifact+rejection+and+correction.">Artifact rejection and correction.</a> An Introduction to the Event-Related Potential Technique. , 185-218 (2014).</li><li>Luck, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Baseline+correction,+averaging,+and+time-frequency+analysis.">Baseline correction, averaging, and time-frequency analysis.</a> An Introduction to the Event-Related Potential Technique. , 249-282 (2014).</li><li>Kappenman, E. S., Luck, S. J., Luck, S. J., Kappenman, E. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ERP+components:+the+ups+and+downs+of+brainwave+recordings.">ERP components: the ups and downs of brainwave recordings.</a> The Oxford Handbook of Event-Related Potential Components. , 3-30 (2012).</li><li>Hajcak, G., Weinberg, A., MacNamara, A., Foti, D., Luck, S. J., Kappenman, E. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ERPs+and+the+study+of+emotion.">ERPs and the study of emotion.</a> The Oxford Handbook of Event-Related Potential Components. , 441-474 (2012).</li><li>Hugdahl, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lateralization+of+cognitive+processes+in+the+brain.">Lateralization of cognitive processes in the brain.</a> Acta Psychol. 105 (2-3), 211-235 (2000).</li><li>Kayser, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neuronal+generator+patterns+at+scalp+elicited+by+lateralized+aversive+pictures+reveal+consecutive+stages+of+motivated+attention.">Neuronal generator patterns at scalp elicited by lateralized aversive pictures reveal consecutive stages of motivated attention.</a> NeuroImage. 142 (15), 337-350 (2016).</li><li>Kayser, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Event-Related+Potential+(ERP)+asymmetries+to+emotional+stimuli+in+a+visual+half-field+paradigm.">Event-Related Potential (ERP) asymmetries to emotional stimuli in a visual half-field paradigm.</a> Psychophysiology. 34, 414-426 (1997).</li><li>Smith, E. R., Chenery, H. J., Angwin, A. J., Copland, D. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hemispheric+contributions+to+semantic+activation:+a+divided+visual+field+and+event-related+potential+investigation+of+time-course.">Hemispheric contributions to semantic activation: a divided visual field and event-related potential investigation of time-course.</a> Brain Res. 1284, 125-144 (2009).</li></ol>

本研究では、DVF パラダイムを独創力のある注意ネットワークに適用される感情の偏側処理の理論をテストする刺激価と覚醒の操作が使用されました。ただし、DVF の方法論は、偏側視覚情報の処理を探索する使用できます。DVF パラダイムを使用するとき重要なは、情報の初期処理の 1 つの半球に分離を確実に刺激提示のコントロールです。研究のこの側面に貢献する DVF パラダイムにいくつ?...

偏側処理に関するいくつかの理論は、2 つの大脳半球の posited されています。これらの中で感情的な処理の理論があります。価モデル1は、左半球は右半球は、不快な感情に特化しながら快適な感情、専門は提案します。右半球優位性仮説2は、右半球が左半球に比べてすべての感情的な情報を処理用に特化されて提案します。最後に、プルチック理論3価の正面の非対称性、に加えて、右半球の後部の地域は高喚起のすべての感情を処理に特化されている提案します。偏側処理の理論をテストするために、2 つの半球間の処理を区別できる方法論を使用する必要があります。ニューロ イメージング技術は、この情報を提供することができます、ほとんどの研究者によって簡単にアクセスはよくありません。さらに、多くの標準的な認知パラダイム神経イメージング研究方法論と結合する場合も、それぞれの半球の内で処理される情報を分離しません。視覚領域 (DVF) 方法論は、偏側論ニューロ イメージング技術を使用せず処理をテストするのには行動および生理学的科学者の道を提供します。
DVF の方法論は、当初、1 つの視野に提示される刺激では受信され、対側半球4処理の知識に基づいています。DVF の方法論は、他の5の前に情報を受信する 1 つの大脳半球を許可するように短い間隔で刺激の偏側プレゼンテーションを利用します。など、簡単に右の視野に刺激は左半球によって髓処理され、左視野に提示される刺激は右半球で処理されます。この方法では、1 つの半球の情報の初期処理の違いを調べることができます。たとえば、それはよく確立されて左の脳半球は、言語情報の処理に特化 (メタ分析参照6を参照してください)。DVF を使用して研究のパラダイムを示す言葉は左脳 (すなわち、右視野に表示される) に提示されるとき増加処理速度に比べて右半球に提示。
2 つの半球の処理の違いを評価するために細かい時間分解能測定よりも行動の反応時間が必要になる場合があります。脳波 (EEG) データから派生した事象関連電位 (Erp) は、ミリ秒 (ms) のオーダー時間解像度を持っています。など、DVF の方法論とのコンサートで ERP 技術を使用する 2 つの半球間の相違点を処理の洗練された評価できます。最初に、確立された ERP の効果を複製する刺激の中心視 (CVF) プレゼンテーションを使用できます。その後、刺激の DVF プレゼンテーションはこれら ERP 効果の伝播にそれぞれの半球のユニークな貢献を確認する使用できます。現在の研究7の特に関心の刺激8の感情的な覚醒に敏感な ERP コンポーネントとして後半の肯定的な潜在性 (LPP) が発見されました。興味深いことに、LPP がされていない中立的な刺激に対して均等に感情的な刺激応答ではなく、しかし、不快と快適な刺激間一貫して区別するために。本研究は、2 つの半球間の感情的な刺激の方やる気のある注目の指標として LPP を使用して感情論偏側の処理をテストする設計されました。
さらに、この研究は体系的に LPP の初期と後期の症状の感情刺激の原子価と覚醒の両方の寸法を調べます。彼らはユニークでインタラクティブな原子価、覚醒、LPP の伝搬に関する処理の半球の影響を調べるために、CVF と DVF 刺激プレゼンテーションとの組み合わせでこれらの刺激の操作が、文学にユニークです.そのため、特異的動機の注意そしてこうして LPP に従事すべきだ、心地よい刺激と比較して不快なによって示されるアクションの即時の影響を探索できます。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="573">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">64-channel Ag-AgCl active electrodes</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Cortech Solutions</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">DA-AT-ESP32102064A/DA-AT-ESP32102064B</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">EEG electrodes for data collection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">ActiveTwo Base System</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Cortech Solutions</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">DA-AT-BCBS</td>
			<td>Digitizes and ampliphies EEG data at 500 Hz</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">E-Prime Professional 2.0</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Psychology Software Tools</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NA</td>
			<td>Stimulus presentation software, available at https://www.pstnet.com/eprime.cfm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">CURRY 7.0</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Compumedics Neuroscan</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NA</td>
			<td>EEG/ERP data processing and analysis, available at http://compumedicsneuroscan.com/products/by-name/curry/</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

central and divided visual field presentation of emotional images to measure hemispheric differences in motivated attention

感情的な情報の偏側処理の 2 つの支配的な理論は、文献に存在します。1 つの理論は、左前頭葉によって快適な感情の処理中に、不快な感情を右前頭葉によって処理された仮説します。他の理論は、右半球が後方地域で特に全体的な感情的な情報を処理するため特殊な仮説します。
感情的な情報の処理に大脳半球の役割を評価するすべての科学者にアクセスまたは手頃な価格ではありません神経イメージング研究の方法論の使用なしでは難しいことができます。ニューロ イメージング技術の使用せず情報の偏側処理の調査のための刺激の視覚領域プレゼンテーションができます。
この比較研究には、やる気のある注目の 2 つの半球間の違いを評価するために感情的なイメージの視覚領域プレゼンテーション対の中央が。後半の肯定的な潜在性 (LPP) は、やる気のある注意を評価するために脳波と事象関連電位 (Erp) の方法論を使用して記録されました。今後の作業は、ある注意の違いを行動の影響を探検するより積極的な行動のタスクで、このパラダイムがペアします。

LPP に関する先行研究を複製するには、不愉快な楽しいイメージの両方の LPP レスポンスが LPP レスポンスを中立的な画像をより大きくなければなりません。LPP は不愉快に大きくする初期の時代に見つける CVF の分析により確認している (M = 1.90 μ v) で快適な (M = 1.71 μ v) 中立的な画像に比べて、画像 (M = 0.72 μ v)、しかし不快な快適な画像は、互いに...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention at JoVE.com

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention

やる気のある注目の大脳半球機能差を測定する感情的な画像の中央と分かれて視野プレゼンテーション

この比較研究には、やる気のある注目の 2 つの半球間の違いを評価するために感情的なイメージの視覚領域プレゼンテーション対の中央が。後半の肯定的な潜在性 (LPP) は、やる気のある注意を評価するために脳波と事象関連電位 (Erp) の方法論を使用して記録されました。

Two dominant theories on lateralized processing of emotional information exist in the literature. One theory posits that unpleasant emotions are processed ...

The overall goal of this divided visual field event related potential methodology is to observe the unique contribution of each hemisphere of the brain to the processing of emotional stimuli as measured by the late positive potential, or LPP. This method can help to answer key questions in the field of lateralized processing of emotion such as, What are the unique contributions of each hemisphere to the motivated attention network for processing unpleasant versus pleasant stimuli? The main advantage of this technique is that it allows you to assess the processing differences between the two hemispheres of the brain with a fine temporal resolution.Demonstrating the procedure will be Nick Lunny, a grad student in my lab. Zach Gemelli, an undergraduate research assistant in my lab will be playing the role of the participant. Begin by escorting the participant into the testing room and having them read and complete an informed consent.Then have the participant complete a demographic survey to provide sex, age, handedness, native language, vision and neurological history in order to assess inclusion for the study. Next, apply electroencephalography, or EEG electrodes, onto the participant's scalp according to the international 10-20 system. Then, seat the participant in a dark, electrically shielded sound attenuated room.Use a chin rest to stabilize the head and minimize movement. Then, instruct the participant to passively view the image stimuli without shifting their eyes away from the center of the screen. Instruct the participant that a recognition quiz will follow the stimuli, so it is important that they pay attention.Finally, display a fixation cross at the center of the screen to help the participant fixate. For the central visual field, CVF paradigm, have the participant passively view the image stimuli in four experimental blocks of 45 trials each at the center of the screen. Note each block has an equal number of stimuli from the valence arousal conditions.On the other hand, if the participant is randomized to the divided visual field, DVF paradigm, randomly present each image, once in the left visual field and once in the right visual field. Pair each image stimulus with the simultaneous presentation of a solid brown rectangle identical in stimulus dimensions on the opposite side of the fixation in order to reduce reflexive saccades to the stimulus. Next, present each stimulus and its paired brown rectangle with their inside edge three degrees of visual angle from the fixation.Finally, backward mask both the stimulus and the brown rectangle using the same criteria and procedure as was done for the CVF paradigm. The late positive potential, or LPP, in the early epic was significantly larger to unpleasant and pleasant images, which did not differ from each other, compared to neutral images. And high arousing images evoked larger LPP responses than medium arousing images.In the late epic, the LPP was significantly larger to high arousing unpleasant images compared to all other images. Further, the LPP was found to be larger in the early epic compared to the late epic for all image presentations except for high arousing unpleasant images presented to the left hemisphere. The left hemisphere engages high arousing unpleasant images for longer, possibly to create an action plan in response to the images.For the divided visual field procedure, it is important that the participant's eyes stay fixated at the center of the screen to optimize lateralized stimulus processing. For successful divided visual field presentations, carefully control stimulus size, presentation duration and location on the screen. Balance the presentation of your stimulus with the filler stimulus and use backward masking to optimize lateralized stimulus processing.The divided visual field procedure can be used with vent related potentials to investigate lateralized processing of emotion as well as investigate the unique and interactive effects of valence and arousal on the motivated attention network. Divided visual field procedures, in combination with event related potential techniques, can also be used to answer additional questions about a variety of theories of lateralized processing and visual spacial processing systems in the brain.

Research

JoVE Journal

Behavior

A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets

非ターゲットのための注意の瞬きをテストするために迅速なシリアルビジュアルプレゼンテーションと組み合わせることで、デュアルタスク手順

When viewers search for targets in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) stream, if two targets are presented within about 500 msec of each other, the ...

行動学

Use of the Open Field Maze to Measure Locomotor and Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice

マウスにおける自発運動と不安様行動を測定するために、オープンフィールド迷路の利用

Animal models have proven to be invaluable to researchers trying to answer questions regarding the mechanisms of behavior. The Open Field Maze is one of ...

Methods to Test Visual Attention Online

オンライン視覚的注意をテストする方法

Online data collection methods have particular appeal to behavioral scientists because they offer the promise of much larger and much more representative ...

Rodent Brain Microinjection to Study Molecular Substrates of Motivated Behavior

動機付け行動の分子基質を研究するために齧歯類の脳マイクロインジェクション

Brain microinjection can aid elucidation of the molecular substrates of complex behaviors, such as motivation. For this purpose rodents can serve as ...

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content

情動ストループ課題：感情的なコンテンツへの曝露下での認知能力を評価します

The emotional Stroop effect (ESE) is the result of longer naming latencies to ink colors of emotion words than to ink colors of neutral words. The ...

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

アスペルガー症候群における感情的な顔を意識と非意識的な表現

Several neuroimaging studies have suggested that the low spatial frequency content in an emotional face mainly activates the amygdala, pulvinar, and ...

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

時間的順序の判決のモデルベース分析により注目し、視覚処理速度を測定します

This protocol describes how to conduct temporal-order experiments to measure visual processing speed and the attentional resource distribution. The ...

Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

気晴らしの結果セットに固有のキャプチャを測定する急速な連続視覚的なプレゼンテーションを使用して、マルチタスクをしながら

This method uses a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) paradigm to measure the cost of distraction when participants maintain multiple search goals. ...

Gaze in Action: Head-mounted Eye Tracking of Children's Dynamic Visual Attention During Naturalistic Behavior

アクションの視線: 自然主義的な行動の中に子供の動的視覚的注意のヘッド マウント型の目の追跡

Young children's visual environments are dynamic, changing moment-by-moment as children physically and visually explore spaces and objects and interact ...

Spotlighting Customers' Visual Attention at the Stock, Shelf and Store Levels with the 3S Model

3S モデルで在庫、棚、店舗のレベルで顧客の視覚的な注意をスポットライト

Several models of the in-store search process exist in the fields of retailing, marketing, and consumer-based research. The present article presents a new ...