Name: construction and evaluation of a murine calvarial osteolysis model by exposure to cocrmo particles in aseptic loosening
Uploaded: 2018-02-17T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Construction and Evaluation of a Murine Calvarial Osteolysis Model by Exposure to CoCrMo Particles in Aseptic Loosening at JoVE.com

Denne undersøgelse blev støttet af National Natural Science Foundation of China (81572111), klinisk videnskab og teknologi projekt fundament af Jiangsu-provinsen (BL2012002), den videnskabelige forskning projekt af Nanjing (201402007), naturvidenskabelige Grundlæggelsen af Jiangsu provinsen (BK20161385), og det speciel grundlaget for kinesisk læge Association (2015COS0810).

Alle metoder beskrevet her er blevet godkendt af institutionelle Animal Care og brug udvalg (IACUC) af Nanjing Universitet.
1. CoCrMo partikel forberedelse
<ol><li>Få CoCrMo partikler ved hjælp af en opdigtet high-vacuum tre-elektrode jævnstrøm4. Placer CoCrMo legering i instrument under 10-3 Pa vakuum, 0,04 MPa argon og brint 3:2 (v/v) og 650 A katode aktuelle.</li>
	<li>Måle diameteren af CoCrMo partikler.<ol>
<li>Tilføje 1 mg af CoCrMo partikler ti...

<ol>
	<li>Dong, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antisense+oligonucleotide+targeting+TNF-alpha+can+suppress+Co-Cr-Mo+particle-induced+osteolysis.">Antisense oligonucleotide targeting TNF-alpha can suppress Co-Cr-Mo particle-induced osteolysis.</a> J Orthop Res. 26 (8), 1114-1120 (2008).</li><li>Deng, Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=SIRT1+protects+osteoblasts+against+particle-induced+inflammatory+responses+and+apoptosis+in+aseptic+prosthesis+loosening.">SIRT1 protects osteoblasts against particle-induced inflammatory responses and apoptosis in aseptic prosthesis loosening.</a> Acta Biomater. 49, 541-554 (2017).</li><li>Langlois, J., Hamadouche, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=New+animal+models+of+wear-particle+osteolysis.">New animal models of wear-particle osteolysis.</a> Int Orthop. 35 (2), 245-251 (2011).</li><li>Wang, P., Zhao, F. X., Zhang, Z. Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Preparation+of+ultrafine+zinc+powders+by+DC+arc+plasma+evaporation+method.">Preparation of ultrafine zinc powders by DC arc plasma evaporation method.</a> Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals. 21 (9), 2236-2241 (2011).</li><li>Wang, Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+fibroblast+expression+of+RANKL+in+CoCrMo-particle-induced+osteolysis+is+mediated+by+ER+stress+and+XBP1s.">The fibroblast expression of RANKL in CoCrMo-particle-induced osteolysis is mediated by ER stress and XBP1s.</a> Acta Biomater. 24, 352-360 (2015).</li><li>Wang, Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Autophagy+mediated+CoCrMo+particle-induced+peri-implant+osteolysis+by+promoting+osteoblast+apoptosis.">Autophagy mediated CoCrMo particle-induced peri-implant osteolysis by promoting osteoblast apoptosis.</a> Autophagy. 11 (12), 2358-2369 (2015).</li><li>Wang, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Particle-induced+osteolysis+mediated+by+endoplasmic+reticulum+stress+in+prosthesis+loosening.">Particle-induced osteolysis mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress in prosthesis loosening.</a> Biomaterials. 34 (11), 2611-2623 (2013).</li><li>Yang, S. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Adeno-associated+virus-mediated+osteoprotegerin+gene+transfer+protects+against+particulate+polyethylene-induced+osteolysis+in+a+murine+model.">Adeno-associated virus-mediated osteoprotegerin gene transfer protects against particulate polyethylene-induced osteolysis in a murine model.</a> Arthritis Rheum. 46 (9), 2514-2523 (2002).</li><li>Liu, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Autophagy+mediated+TiAl(6)V(4)+particle-induced+peri-implant+osteolysis+by+promoting+expression+of+TNF-alpha.">Autophagy mediated TiAl(6)V(4) particle-induced peri-implant osteolysis by promoting expression of TNF-alpha.</a> Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 473 (1), 133-139 (2016).</li><li>Wang, Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ER+Stress+Mediates+TiAl6V4+Particle-Induced+Peri-Implant+Osteolysis+by+Promoting+RANKL+Expression+in+Fibroblasts.">ER Stress Mediates TiAl6V4 Particle-Induced Peri-Implant Osteolysis by Promoting RANKL Expression in Fibroblasts.</a> PLoS One. 10 (9), e0137774 (2015).</li><li>Wang, Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=TiAl6V4+particles+promote+osteoclast+formation+via+autophagy-mediated+downregulation+of+interferon-beta+in+osteocytes.">TiAl6V4 particles promote osteoclast formation via autophagy-mediated downregulation of interferon-beta in osteocytes.</a> Acta Biomater. 48, 489-498 (2017).</li><li>Chen, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lycorine+suppresses+RANKL-induced+osteoclastogenesis+in+vitro+and+prevents+ovariectomy-induced+osteoporosis+and+titanium+particle-induced+osteolysis+in+vivo.">Lycorine suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro and prevents ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis and titanium particle-induced osteolysis in vivo.</a> Sci Rep. 5, 12853 (2015).</li><li>Neuerburg, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+calcitonin+receptor+signalling+in+polyethylene+particle-induced+osteolysis.">The role of calcitonin receptor signalling in polyethylene particle-induced osteolysis.</a> Acta Biomater. 14, 125-132 (2015).</li><li>Catelas, I., Jacobs, J. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biologic+activity+of+wear+particles.">Biologic activity of wear particles.</a> Instr Course Lect. 59, 3-16 (2010).</li><li>Liu, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+biological+response+to+nanometre-sized+polymer+particles.">The biological response to nanometre-sized polymer particles.</a> Acta Biomater. 23, 38-51 (2015).</li></ol>

Der er to hovedmetoder til slid partikel-induceret osteolyse i mus: luft-pose model og calvarial osteolyse model. I modellen luft-pose er en subkutant genererede luft-pose først etableret, efterfulgt af slid partikel introduktion og implantation i knoglen væv8. Pose væg efterligner periosteum i aseptisk løsne. Knogle implantation er dog nonvascular med ingen biologisk aktivitet, hvilket gør det vanskeligt at vurdere direkte vekselvirkninger mellem partikler og knoglevævet. Calvarial osteolys...

Aseptisk løsning er den mest almindelige årsag af total hip artroplastik (THA) og total knæ artroplastik (TKA) svigt, som kræver revision kirurgi1. Den underliggende mekanisme er imidlertid uklart2. En lang opfølgning er påkrævet for at registrere partikel-induceret osteolyse, hvis forekomst er sjælden; Derfor, det er udfordrende for at udforske dens patogenese i kliniske tilfælde. Derfor kræver yderligere undersøgelser med fokus på komplekse cellulære og væv mekanismer både i vivo eksperimenter i bære partikel-induceret osteolyse modeller og in vitro- assays i celler relateret til knogle homøostase3. En gyldig dyremodel er vigtigt i afslørende virkningerne af slidpartikler på knogletab, dokumentation for yderligere cellulære assays.
En murine calvarial osteolyse model bygget af eksponering for CoCrMo partikler er en effektiv og lovlig metode til vurdering af vekselvirkninger mellem partikler og forskellige celler i aseptisk løsne. I denne model forårsage CoCrMo partikler calvarial osteolyse ved at inducere inflammatoriske cytokiner i makrofager, aktivere osteoklaster, hæmme osteoblastdannelse spredning og fremme osteoblastdannelse apoptose.
Det tager kun to uger til at etablere denne model. Osteolyse kan visualiseres og kvantificeres ved hæmatoxylin og eosin (H & E) farvning og micro beregnet tomografi (mikro-CT)2. Endvidere, har denne model en forholdsvis lav pris, og transgene og knockout mus modeller kan anvendes til at screene et stort antal stoffer i forskellige doser3.
Proceduren til at etablere og evaluere denne model er enkel. Første blev CoCrMo partikler fremstillet ved high-vacuum tre-elektrode jævnstrøm og genopslemmes i fosfatbufferet saltopløsning (PBS) ved en koncentration på 50 mg/mL. Derefter blev 50 µL af den resulterende suspension anvendt til midten af de murine calvaria efter adskillelse af kraniel periosteum af skarpe dissektion. Musene blev ofret efter to uger, og calvaria prøver blev høstet; kvalitative og kvantitative analyser blev udført af H & E farvning andmicro-CT.
En murine calvarial osteolyse model bygget af eksponering for CoCrMo partikler er et ideelt værktøj til vurdering af samspillet mellem CoCrMo partikler og forskellige celler, makrofager, fibroblaster, osteoblaster og osteoklaster, i aseptisk løsne.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="684">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="26">
			<td height="26" style="height:26px;width:216px;">CoCrMo alloy from prosthesis</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Waldemar Link GmbH &#38; Co</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">GEMINI MK II</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Raw material to obtain CoCrMo nanoparticles</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Fabricated high-vacuum three-electrode direct current</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">College of Materials Science &#38; Engineering , Nanjing University of Technology</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Self designed machine</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="61">
			<td height="61" style="height:61px;width:216px;">6 week old male C57BL/6J mice</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Model animal research center of Nanjing University</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">N000013</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">100% Ethanol</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Nanjing Reagent</td>
			<td>C0691514023</td>
			<td>Solvent of CoCrMo nanoparticles for transmission electron microscope scanning</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">1.5 ml Microcentrifuge tubes</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Taizhou Weierkang Medical Supplies co., LTD</td>
			<td>W603</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Microanalytical balance</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Shenzhen Qun long Instrument Equipment Co,. LTD</td>
			<td>EX125DZH</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Ultrasonic shaker</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Shanghai Yuhao scientific instrument co., LTD</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">YH-200DH</td>
			<td>To suspend CoCrMo nanoparticles</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Transmission Electron Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">FEI</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Tecnai G20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">SimplePCI software</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Compix Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">6.6 version</td>
			<td>To calculate the mean diameter and particle size distribution.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">High-handed sterilization pan</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">QIULONGYIQI</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">KYQL-100DS</td>
			<td>To decontaminate endotoxin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) Assay</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Charles River</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">R13025</td>
			<td>To detect endotoxin&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">15 ml Microcentrifuge tubes</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Taizhou Suyi Medical</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">B122</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Phosphate-buffered saline</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Boster Biological Technology</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">AR0030</td>
			<td>Solvent of CoCrMo nanoparticles stock solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Pentobarbital Sodium</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">P3761</td>
			<td>To anesthetize mice</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Normal saline</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">SACKLER</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">SR8572EP-15</td>
			<td>To prevent drying of mice eyes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">75% Ethanol</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Nanjing Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">C0691560275</td>
			<td>Disinfection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Medical cotton ball</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Shuitao</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1278298933</td>
			<td>Disinfection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Shaver</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Kemei</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">KM-3018</td>
			<td>To shave the fur</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Scissor</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">RWD LIFE SCIENCE</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">S12005-10</td>
			<td>To incise skin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Suture</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">RWD LIFE SCIENCE</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">F34001-01</td>
			<td>To suture skin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Needle holder</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">RWD LIFE SCIENCE</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">F33001-01</td>
			<td>To suture skin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Needle</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">RWD LIFE SCIENCE</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">R14003-12</td>
			<td>To suture skin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Vessel forceps</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">RWD LIFE SCIENCE</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">F22003-09</td>
			<td>To suture skin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Scalpel</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">RWD LIFE SCIENCE</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">S31010-01</td>
			<td>To harvest calvaria</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Tweezers</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">RWD LIFE SCIENCE</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">F12006-10</td>
			<td>To harvest calvaria</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">100 &#181;L pipettes</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Eppendorf</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">3120000240</td>
			<td>To embed particles suspension in the calvatias</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">100 &#181;L pipette tips</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">AXYGEN</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">T-200-Y</td>
			<td>To embed particles suspension in the calvatias</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">5 ml Microtubes</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Taizhou Weierkang Medical Supplies co., LTD</td>
			<td>W621</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">4% Paraformaldehyde</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Servicebio</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G1101</td>
			<td>Fixation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Micro Computed Tomography&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">SkyScan</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">SkyScan1176</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Servicebio</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G1105</td>
			<td>Decalcification</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Paraffin</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Servicebio</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">#0001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Paraffin slicing machine</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Leica</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">RM2125RTS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Glass slide</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Servicebio</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G6004</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Cover glass</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Servicebio</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">HE staining kit</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Servicebio</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">#1-5</td>
			<td>HE staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Light microscope</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Nikon</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">E200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

construction and evaluation of a murine calvarial osteolysis model by exposure to cocrmo particles in aseptic loosening

Slid partikel-induceret osteolyse er en væsentlig årsag til aseptisk løsne i artroplastik fiasko, men den underliggende mekanisme er fortsat uklart. På grund af længe opfølgninger nødvendige for afsløring og sporadisk forekomst, er det udfordrende for at vurdere patogenese ofparticle-induceret osteolyse i kliniske tilfælde. Dermed er optimal dyremodeller behov for yderligere undersøgelser. Den murine model af calvarial osteolyse etableret ved udsættelse for CoCrMo partikler er et effektivt og gyldigt redskab til vurdering af vekselvirkninger mellem partikler og forskellige celler i aseptisk løsne. I denne model, blev CoCrMo partikler først fremstillet af high-vacuum tre-elektrode jævnstrøm og genopslemmes i fosfatbufferet saltopløsning ved en koncentration på 50 mg/mL. Derefter blev 50 µL af den resulterende suspension anvendt til midten af de murine calvaria efter adskillelse af kraniel periosteum af skarpe dissektion. Efter to uger, musene blev ofret og calvaria prøver blev høstet; kvalitative og kvantitative evalueringer blev udført af hæmatoxylin og eosin pletter og mikro computertomografi. De stærke sider af denne model omfatter proceduren enkelhed, kvantitative evaluering af knogletab, hurtighed af osteolyse udvikling, potentielle brug transgene eller knockout modeller og en forholdsvis lav pris. Denne model kan dog ikke anvendes til at vurdere den mekaniske styrke og kroniske virkninger af partikler i aseptisk løsne. Murine calvarial osteolyse model genereret af eksponering for CoCrMo partikler er et ideelt værktøj til vurdering af samspillet mellem slidpartikler og forskellige celler, fx, makrofager, fibroblaster, osteoblaster og osteoklaster, i aseptisk løsne.

Internt producerede nanoskala CoCrMo partikler var omkring 50 nm (standardfejl for 3,56) i diameter, som kvantificeres ved TEM (figur 2). Efter eksponering af musen calvarias at CoCrMo partikler, dyrene (n = 6 pr. gruppe) blev opretholdt i endnu to uger. Inden for to uger, calvarial snit var helt helbredt og sutur kan falde. Enhver lokal infektion eller ophelet maj påvirker knogle tab vurdering. Efter mus offer, blev calvaria prøver høstet. Så alle blødd...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Construction and Evaluation of a Murine Calvarial Osteolysis Model by Exposure to CoCrMo Particles in Aseptic Loosening at JoVE.com

Construction and Evaluation of a Murine Calvarial Osteolysis Model by Exposure to CoCrMo Particles in Aseptic Loosening

Konstruktion og evaluering af en Murine Calvarial osteolyse Model af eksponering for CoCrMo partikler i aseptisk løsne

Dette manuskript beskriver en murine calvarial osteolyse model af eksponering for CoCrMo partikler, der udgør en ideel dyremodel for vurdering af samspillet mellem slidpartikler og forskellige celler i aseptisk løsne.

Wear particle-induced osteolysis is a major cause of aseptic loosening in arthroplasty failure, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Due to long ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Assessing Teratogenic Changes in a Zebrafish Model of Fetal Alcohol Exposure

Evaluering Teratogene Ændringer i en Zebrafisk Model af Føtalt Alkohol Eksponering

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a severe manifestation of embryonic exposure to ethanol. It presents with characteristic defects to the face and organs, ...

A Murine Model of Muscle Training by Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation

En musemodel for muskeltræning ved Neuromuskulær elektrisk stimulering

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is a common clinical modality that is widely used to restore1, maintain2 or enhance3-5 muscle functional ...

Reproducable Paraplegia by Thoracic Aortic Occlusion in a Murine Model of Spinal Cord Ischemia-reperfusion

Reproducerbar Paraplegi af thorax aortaokklusion i en musemodel for Rygmarvsskader iskæmireperfusion

Background
Lower extremity paralysis continues to complicate aortic interventions. The lack of understanding of the underlying pathology has hindered ...

Evaluation of Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Subsets in a Subcutaneous Tumor Model

Evaluering af tumorinfiltrerende leukocytundergrupper i en subkutan Tumor Model

Specialized immune cells that infiltrate the tumor microenvironment regulate the growth and survival of neoplasia.&#160; Malignant cells must elude or ...

Evaluation of Lung Metastasis in Mouse Mammary Tumor Models by Quantitative Real-time PCR

Evaluering af lungemetastase i musebrysttumor modeller af kvantitativ real-time PCR

Metastatic disease is the spread of malignant tumor cells from the primary cancer site to a distant organ and is the primary cause of cancer associated ...

Reproducible Arterial Denudation Injury by Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Clamping in a Murine Model

Reproducerbar arterielt blotlægning Skade af infrarenal Abdominal Aorta Opspænding i en murin model

Percutaneous vascular interventions uniformly result in arterial denudation injuries that subsequently lead to thrombosis and restenosis. These ...

Quantitative Visualization of Leukocyte Infiltrate in a Murine Model of Fulminant Myocarditis by Light Sheet Microscopy

Kvantitativ visualisering af leukocytinfiltrat i en murin model af Fulminant Myocarditis ved lysarkmikroskopi

Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM), in combination with chemical clearing protocols, has become the gold standard for analyzing fluorescently ...

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Generation af en kronisk obstruktiv lungesygdom Model i mus ved gentagne ozon eksponering

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airflow limitation and lung parenchymal destruction. It has a very high ...

Isometric Contractility Measurement of the Mouse Mesenteric Artery Using Wire Myography

Isometrisk kontraktilitet måling af musen mesenterica arterie ved hjælp af Wire blodkar

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and ...

Standardized Histomorphometric Evaluation of Osteoarthritis in a Surgical Mouse Model

Standardiseret histomorforisk evaluering af slidgigt i en kirurgisk musemodel

One of the most prevalent joint disorders in the United States, osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage, ...