Name: synthesis and evaluation of a ruthenium-based mitochondrial calcium uptake inhibitor
Uploaded: 2017-10-26T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor at JoVE.com

この研究は、コーネル大学によって支えられました。この作品は、材料研究共有施設、NSF MRSEC プログラム (助成金 DMR 1120296) を通じてサポートされるコーネル大学センターを利用しました。S.R.N. は、NSF 大学院研究員 (グラント DGE-1650441) およびカルシウム実験について博士デーブ Holowka によるサポートを認めています。意見、所見、結論または本資料に示した推奨事項著者 (s) のものし、国立科学財団の見解を必ずしも反映されません。

注: 集中された酸と塩基が用いられる。工学的制御 (ドラフト)、安全眼鏡、手袋、白衣、フルの長さのズボン、閉じてつま先の靴を含む個人保護用具 (PPE) の使用を含む反応を実行するときに、すべての適切な安全対策を使用します。
 1 ですの準備 [(OH 2) (NH 3) 4 Ru (μ-O) Ru (NH 3) 4 (OH 2)] Cl 5 [Ru (NH 3) 5 Cl] Cl <ol><li><stron...

<ol>
	<li>De Stefani, D., Rizzuto, R., Pozzan, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enjoy+the+trip:+Calcium+in+mitochondria+back+and+forth.">Enjoy the trip: Calcium in mitochondria back and forth.</a> Annu. Rev. Biochem. 85, 161-192 (2016).</li><li>Contreras, L., Drago, I., Zampese, E., Pozzan, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mitochondria:+the+calcium+connection.">Mitochondria: the calcium connection.</a> Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1797 (6-7), 607-618 (2010).</li><li>Giorgi, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mitochondrial+calcium+homeostasis+as+potential+target+for+mitochondrial+medicine.">Mitochondrial calcium homeostasis as potential target for mitochondrial medicine.</a> Mitochondrion. 12 (1), 77-85 (2012).</li><li>De Stefani, D., Raffaello, A., Teardo, E., Szab&#242;, I., Rizzuto, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+forty-kilodalton+protein+of+the+inner+membrane+is+the+mitochondrial+calcium+uniporter.">A forty-kilodalton protein of the inner membrane is the mitochondrial calcium uniporter.</a> Nature. 476 (7360), 336-340 (2011).</li><li>Baughman, J. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Integrative+genomics+identifies+MCU+as+an+essential+component+of+the+mitochondrial+calcium+uniporter.">Integrative genomics identifies MCU as an essential component of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter.</a> Nature. 476 (7360), 341-356 (2011).</li><li>Kamer, K. J., Mootha, V. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+molecular+era+of+the+mitochondrial+calcium+uniporter.">The molecular era of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter.</a> Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 16 (9), 545-553 (2015).</li><li>Ying, W. -. L., Emerson, J., Clarke, M. J., Sanadi, D. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibition+of+mitochondrial+calcium+ion+transport+by+an+oxo-bridged+dinuclear+ruthenium+ammine+complex.">Inhibition of mitochondrial calcium ion transport by an oxo-bridged dinuclear ruthenium ammine complex.</a> Biochemistry. 30 (20), 4949-4952 (1991).</li><li>Emerson, J., Clarke, M. J., Ying, W. -. L., Sanadi, D. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+component+of+"ruthenium+red"+responsible+for+inhibition+of+mitochondrial+calcium+ion+transport.+Spectra,+electrochemistry,+and+aquation+kinetics.+Crystal+structure+of+&#181;-O-[(HCO2)(NH3)4Ru]2Cl3.">The component of "ruthenium red" responsible for inhibition of mitochondrial calcium ion transport. Spectra, electrochemistry, and aquation kinetics. Crystal structure of &#181;-O-[(HCO2)(NH3)4Ru]2Cl3.</a> J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115 (25), 11799-11805 (1993).</li><li>Matlib, M. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oxygen-bridged+Dinuclear+Ruthenium+Amine+Complex+Specifically+Inhibits+Ca2++Uptake+into+Mitochondria+in+Vitro+and+in+Situ+in+Single+Cardiac+Myocytes.">Oxygen-bridged Dinuclear Ruthenium Amine Complex Specifically Inhibits Ca2+ Uptake into Mitochondria in Vitro and in Situ in Single Cardiac Myocytes.</a> J. Biol. Chem. 273 (17), 10223-10231 (1998).</li><li>Oxenoid, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Architecture+of+the+mitochondrial+calcium+uniporter.">Architecture of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter.</a> Nature. 533 (7602), 269-273 (2016).</li><li>Nathan, S. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synthetic+Methods+for+the+Preparation+of+a+Functional+Analogue+of+Ru360,+a+Potent+Inhibitor+of+Mitochondrial+Calcium+Uptake.">Synthetic Methods for the Preparation of a Functional Analogue of Ru360, a Potent Inhibitor of Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake.</a> Inorg Chem. 56 (6), 3123-3126 (2017).</li><li>Allen, A. D., Senoff, C. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Preparation+and+infrared+spectra+of+some+ammine+complexes+of+ruthenium(II)+and+ruthenium(III).">Preparation and infrared spectra of some ammine complexes of ruthenium(II) and ruthenium(III).</a> Can. J. Chem. 45 (12), 1337-1341 (1967).</li><li>Murphy, A. N., Bredesen, D. E., Cortopassi, G., Wang, E., Fiskum, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bcl-2+potentiates+the+maximal+calcium+uptake+capacity+of+neural+cell+mitochondria.">Bcl-2 potentiates the maximal calcium uptake capacity of neural cell mitochondria.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93 (18), 9893-9898 (1996).</li><li>Deak, A. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Assessment+of+mitochondrial+Ca&#8314;+uptake.">Assessment of mitochondrial Ca&#8314; uptake.</a> Meth. Molec. Biol. 1264, 421-439 (2015).</li></ol>

ミトコンドリアのカルシウム吸収阻害剤 [(OH2) (NH3)4とらぶる (μ-O) (NH3)4(OH2)] Cl5 [Ru (NH3)5Cl] から合成された Cl2、よく知られている ruthenium(III) をすることができます。開始材料は、この手順で説明するよう。[Ru (NH3)5Cl] Cl2の合成は少し難しさと容易に実現できます。水和ヒドラジンの 16 h ?...

ミトコンドリアのカルシウムは、エネルギー生産、アポトーシスなどの正常な細胞機能に不可欠なプロセスの数の重要な調節因子です。1,2,3ミトコンドリアのカルシウム単一輸送体 (MCU) 内のミトコンドリア膜に存在するイオン運送者蛋白質はミトコンドリアにカルシウム イオンの流入を調節します。4,5,6 MCU の化学阻害剤は、継続関数、この輸送蛋白質とミトコンドリアのカルシウムの細胞の役割を研究するための貴重なツールです。化合物 [(HCO2) (NH3)4とらぶる (μ-O) (NH3)4(O2CH)]3 +Ru360、7 は、24 μ M の報告 Kd値と MCU の唯一知られている選択的阻害剤の一つです。 ,8,9,10この複合体は一般的な不純物の商業配合ルテニウム赤 (RuRed) ドデカカルボニル ジ-μ-オキソ架橋式 [(NH3) の hexacation5Ru (μ-O) Ru (NH3)4(μ-O) Ru (NH3)5)]6 +、カルシウム吸収の阻害剤としても使用されています。Ru360 は、市販されている、非常に高価です。また、困難な浄化手順やあいまいな評価方法で合成と Ru360 の分離に挑戦します。
我々 は最近、Ru360 アナログ、[(OH2) (NH3)4とらぶる (μ-O) (NH3)4(OH2)] Cl5にアクセスする代替手段を報告しています。11この化合物は、親和性の高い、Ru360 のように MCU を阻害します。このプロトコルでは、[Ru (NH3)5Cl] Cl2から開始の化合物は、私たちの最も効果的な合成を説明します。この手順の一般的な落とし穴と、強酸性陽イオン交換樹脂を用いた製品の精製の詳細です。また特性と化合物の純度の評価の手法を提示し、ミトコンドリアのカルシウム吸収をブロックでその有効性をテストするための単純なアプローチの輪郭を描きます。

<table style="border-collapse:collapse;width:663pt" width="884">
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		<col style="width:129pt" width="172" />
		<col style="width:125pt" width="167" />
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	<tbody>
		<tr height="23" style="height:17.25pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="23" style="width:182pt;height:17.25pt" width="243">Ruthenium Trichloride hydrate</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">Pressure Chemical</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">3750</td>
			<td class="xl70" style="width:125pt" width="167"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">Concentrated hydrochloric acid</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">J.T. Baker</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">9535</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22" style="height:16.5pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="22" style="width:182pt;height:16.5pt" width="243">Concentrated ammonium hydroxide</td>
			<td class="xl71" style="width:227pt" width="302">Mallinckrodt Chemical Works</td>
			<td class="xl71" style="width:129pt" width="172">A669C-2 1</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24" style="height:18.0pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="24" style="width:182pt;height:18.0pt" width="243">Dowex 50 WX2 200-400 Mesh</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">Alfa Aesar</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">13945</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25" style="height:18.75pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="25" style="width:182pt;height:18.75pt" width="243">Calcium Green 5N</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">Invitrogen</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">C3737</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">Digitonin</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">Aldrich</td>
			<td class="xl71" style="width:129pt" width="172">260746</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">DMSO</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">Aldrich</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">471267</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">EGTA</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">Aldrich</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">E3889</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">KCl</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">USB</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">20598</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">KH2PO4</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">Aldrich</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">P3786</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">MgCl2</td>
			<td class="xl77" style="width:227pt" width="302">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">M33-500</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">HEPES</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">Fluka</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">54466</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
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		<tr height="22" style="height:16.5pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="22" style="width:182pt;height:16.5pt" width="243">Sodium Succinate</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">Alfa Aesar</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">33386</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22" style="height:16.5pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="22" style="width:182pt;height:16.5pt" width="243">EDTA</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">J.T. Baker</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">8993-01</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
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		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">Glucose</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">Aldrich</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">G5000</td>
			<td class="xl70"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl69" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">200 Round bottom flask</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:227pt" width="302">ChemGlass</td>
			<td class="xl75">CG-1506-14</td>
			<td class="xl74" style="width:125pt" width="167"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">Glass stopper</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:227pt" width="302">ChemGlass</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:129pt" width="172">CG-3000-05</td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42" style="height:31.5pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="42" style="width:182pt;height:31.5pt" width="243">10 mm x 15 cm glass column with reservoirs</td>
			<td class="xl77" style="width:227pt" width="302">Custom - similar to Chemglass columns</td>
			<td class="xl77" style="width:129pt" width="172">Similar to CG-1203-20</td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20" style="height:15.0pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="20" style="width:182pt;height:15.0pt" width="243">DMEM</td>
			<td class="xl77" style="width:227pt" width="302">Corning</td>
			<td class="xl77" style="width:129pt" width="172">10-017-CV</td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">FBS</td>
			<td class="xl77" style="width:227pt" width="302">Gibco</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">10437028</td>
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			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">PBS</td>
			<td class="xl77" style="width:227pt" width="302">Corning</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">21-040-CV</td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
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		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">Round bottom Falcon tubes</td>
			<td class="xl77" style="width:227pt" width="302">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td class="xl69" style="width:129pt" width="172">14-959-11B&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">500 cm2 petri dishes</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:227pt" width="302">Corning</td>
			<td class="xl76" style="width:129pt" width="172">431110</td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">Trypan blue</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:227pt" width="302">ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td class="xl76" style="width:129pt" width="172">15250061</td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">Hemacytometer</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:227pt" width="302">Aldrich</td>
			<td class="xl76" style="width:129pt" width="172">Z359629</td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">Acrylic Cuvettes</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:227pt" width="302">VWR&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl76" style="width:129pt" width="172">58017-875</td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl72" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">UV-Vis spectrometer</td>
			<td class="xl68">Agilent Model Cary 8454&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:129pt" width="172"></td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl72" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">Spectrofluorimeter</td>
			<td class="xl68">SLM Model 8100C</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:129pt" width="172"></td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl72" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">IR spectrometer</td>
			<td class="xl68">Bruker Hyprion FTIR with ATR attachment</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:129pt" width="172"></td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">Centrifuge</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:227pt" width="302">ALC Model PM140R</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:129pt" width="172"></td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="width:182pt;height:15.75pt" width="243">Inverted light microscope</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:227pt" width="302">VWR&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:129pt" width="172">89404-462</td>
			<td class="xl68"></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

synthesis and evaluation of a ruthenium-based mitochondrial calcium uptake inhibitor

我々 は、合成、精製、ミトコンドリアのカルシウム吸収阻害剤 [(OH2) (NH3)4とらぶる (μ-O) (NH3)4(OH2)]5 +を詳しく説明します。この化合物の最適化された合成開始 [Ru (NH3)5Cl] Cl2から 1 M で NH4密閉容器、緑のソリューションを降伏ああ。陽イオン交換クロマトグラフィーによる精製が行われます。この化合物は特徴あり紫外可視・赤外分光によって純粋に確認します。蛍光分光法によるグリセリンの HeLa 細胞におけるミトコンドリアのカルシウム吸収抑制プロパティを検索します。

このメソッドは、ミトコンドリアのカルシウム吸収阻害剤 [(OH2) (NH3)4とらぶる (μ-O) (NH3)4(OH2)] Cl5 [Ru (NH3)5Cl] Cl2から始まっての合成をについて説明します、よく知られている ruthenium(III) の出発原料。[Ru (NH3)5Cl]Cl2は 3200 cm-1、1608 cm-1、1298 cm-1...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor at JoVE.com

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor

ルテニウムによるミトコンドリアのカルシウム吸収阻害剤の合成と評価

合成・精製・ ミトコンドリアのカルシウム吸収のルテニウム系阻害剤の特性のためのプロトコルが表示されます。グリセリンの哺乳類細胞に対する有効性を評価するための手順が示されています。

We detail the synthesis and purification of a mitochondrial calcium uptake inhibitor, [(OH2)(NH3)4Ru(&#181;-O)Ru(NH3)4(OH2)]5+. The optimized synthesis of ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Preparation and Use of Samarium Diiodide (SmI2) in Organic Synthesis: The Mechanistic Role of HMPA and Ni(II) Salts in the Samarium Barbier Reaction

Preparation and Use of Samarium Diiodide SmI2 in Organic Synthesis: The Mechanistic Role of HMPA and NiII Salts in the Samarium Barbier Reaction

二ヨウ化サマリウム（SMIの調製および使用<sub&gt; 2</sub&gt;）有機合成における：サマリウムバルビエ反応におけるHMPAとNi（II）塩の力学的役割

Although initially considered an esoteric reagent, SmI2 has become a common tool for synthetic organic chemists. SmI2 is generated through the addition of ...

Seeded Synthesis of CdSe/CdS Rod and Tetrapod Nanocrystals

のCdSe / CdSのロッドやテトラポッドナノ結晶のシードの合成

We demonstrate a method for the synthesis of multicomponent nanostructures consisting of CdS and CdSe with rod and tetrapod morphologies. A seeded ...

Anticancer Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation by the MTT Assay

MTTアッセイにより合成と細胞毒性の評価：抗がん金属錯体

Titanium (IV) and vanadium (V) complexes are highly potent anticancer agents. A challenge in their synthesis refers to their hydrolytic instability; ...

Synthesis and Purification of Iodoaziridines Involving Quantitative Selection of the Optimal Stationary Phase for Chromatography

クロマトグラフィーのための最適な固定相の定量的な選択を伴う合成とIodoaziridinesの精製

The highly diastereoselective preparation of cis-N-Ts-iodoaziridines through reaction of diiodomethyllithium with N-Ts aldimines is described. ...

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

官能化有機金属構造体の合成とキャラクタリゼーション

Metal-organic frameworks have attracted extraordinary amounts of research attention, as they are attractive candidates for numerous industrial and ...

Synthesis and Exfoliation of Discotic Zirconium Phosphates to Obtain Colloidal Liquid Crystals

コロイド液の結晶を得ることが合成とディスコティックリン酸ジルコニウムの剥離

Due to their abundance in natural clay and potential applications in advanced materials, discotic nanoparticles are of interest to scientists and ...

Synthesis and Structure Determination of &#181;-Conotoxin PIIIA Isomers with Different Disulfide Connectivities

Synthesis and Structure Determination of ÃƒÆ’Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Âµ-Conotoxin PIIIA Isomers with Different Disulfide Connectivities

合成と異なる二硫化接続と μ-コノトキシン PIIIA 異性体の構造決定

Peptides with a high number of cysteines are usually influenced regarding the three-dimensional structure by their disulfide connectivity. It is thus ...

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

[4.4] スピロ エナンチオマーの固相合成

A convenient synthetic route for spirocyclic heterocycles is well sought after due to the molecule&#39;s potential use in biological systems. By means of ...

Synthesis of Esters Via a Greener Steglich Esterification in Acetonitrile

アセトニ トリル中で環境に優しい転移エステルを介してエステルの合成

The Steglich esterification is a widely-used reaction for the synthesis of esters from carboxylic acids and alcohols. While efficient and mild, the ...

Synthesis Method for Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels

セルロースナノファイバーバイオテンプレートパラジウム複合エアロゲルの合成法

Here, a method to synthesize cellulose nanofiber biotemplated palladium composite aerogels is presented. Noble metal aerogel synthesis methods often ...