Name: absolute quantification of plasma microrna levels in cynomolgus monkeys, using quantitative real-time reverse transcription pcr
Uploaded: 2018-02-12T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Absolute Quantification of Plasma MicroRNA Levels in Cynomolgus Monkeys, Using Quantitative Real-time Reverse Transcription PCR at JoVE.com

Esta investigación no recibió ninguna subvención específica de organismos de financiación en los sectores público, comercial o sin fines de lucro.

Todos los experimentos fueron aprobados por el cuidado institucional de animales y uso Comité de Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.
1. preparación de la muestra
<ol><li>Recoger la sangre (menos de 0,5 mL) de la vena femoral de monos cangrejeros en tubos con EDTA 2K que contiene. Nota: El citrato y heparina no son aceptables porque estos anticoagulantes inhiben la posterior PCR14,15.</li>
	<li>Coloque las muestras colectadas inmediatamente...

<ol>
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Res. 120 (2), 381-399 (2017).</li><li>D'Alessandra, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Circulating+microRNAs+are+new+and+sensitive+biomarkers+of+myocardial+infarction.">Circulating microRNAs are new and sensitive biomarkers of myocardial infarction.</a> Eur Heart J. 31 (22), 2765-2773 (2010).</li><li>Chen, Y., Gelfond, J. A., McManus, L. M., Shireman, P. 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A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Why+the+need+for+qPCR+publication+guidelines?--The+case+for+MIQE.">Why the need for qPCR publication guidelines?--The case for MIQE.</a> Methods. 50 (4), 217-226 (2010).</li><li>Kroh, E. M., Parkin, R. K., Mitchell, P. S., Tewari, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+circulating+microRNA+biomarkers+in+plasma+and+serum+using+quantitative+reverse+transcription-PCR+(qRT-PCR).">Analysis of circulating microRNA biomarkers in plasma and serum using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR).</a> Methods. 50 (4), 298-301 (2010).</li><li>Thompson, K. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Absolute+Measurement+of+Cardiac+Injury-Induced+microRNAs+in+Biofluids+across+Multiple+Test+Sites.">Absolute Measurement of Cardiac Injury-Induced microRNAs in Biofluids across Multiple Test Sites.</a> Toxicol Sci. 154 (1), 115-125 (2016).</li><li>Iguchi, T., Niino, N., Tamai, S., Sakurai, K., Mori, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comprehensive+Analysis+of+Circulating+microRNA+Specific+to+the+Liver,+Heart,+and+Skeletal+Muscle+of+Cynomolgus+Monkeys.">Comprehensive Analysis of Circulating microRNA Specific to the Liver, Heart, and Skeletal Muscle of Cynomolgus Monkeys.</a> Int. J. Toxicol. 36 (3), 220-228 (2017).</li><li>Matsuzaka, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Three+novel+serum+biomarkers,+miR-1,+miR-133a,+and+miR-206+for+Limb-girdle+muscular+dystrophy,+Facioscapulohumeral+muscular+dystrophy,+and+Becker+muscular+dystrophy.">Three novel serum biomarkers, miR-1, miR-133a, and miR-206 for Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, and Becker muscular dystrophy.</a> Environ. Health. Prev. Med. 19 (6), 452-458 (2014).</li><li>Starkey Lewis, P. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Circulating+microRNAs+as+potential+markers+of+human+drug-induced+liver+injury.">Circulating microRNAs as potential markers of human drug-induced liver injury.</a> Hepatology. 54 (5), 1767-1776 (2011).</li><li>Wang, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Circulating+microRNAs,+potential+biomarkers+for+drug-induced+liver+injury.">Circulating microRNAs, potential biomarkers for drug-induced liver injury.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 106 (11), 4402-4407 (2009).</li><li>Moldovan, L., Batte, K., Wang, Y., Wisler, J., Piper, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analyzing+the+Circulating+MicroRNAs+in+Exosomes/Extracellular+Vesicles+from+Serum+or+Plasma+by+qRT-PCR.">Analyzing the Circulating MicroRNAs in Exosomes/Extracellular Vesicles from Serum or Plasma by qRT-PCR.</a> Methods Mol. Biol. 1024, 129-145 (2013).</li><li>Li, S., Chen, H., Song, J., Lee, C., Geng, Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Avoiding+heparin+inhibition+in+circulating+MicroRNAs+amplification.">Avoiding heparin inhibition in circulating MicroRNAs amplification.</a> Int. J. Cardiol. 207, 92-93 (2016).</li><li>Cheng, H. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Plasma+processing+conditions+substantially+influence+circulating+microRNA+biomarker+levels.">Plasma processing conditions substantially influence circulating microRNA biomarker levels.</a> PLoS One. 8 (6), e64795 (2013).</li><li>Serafin, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+a+set+of+endogenous+reference+genes+for+miRNA+expression+studies+in+Parkinson's+disease+blood+samples.">Identification of a set of endogenous reference genes for miRNA expression studies in Parkinson's disease blood samples.</a> BMC Res. Notes. 7, 715 (2014).</li><li>Akiyama, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+set+of+external+reference+controls/probes+that+enable+quality+assurance+between+different+microarray+platforms.">A set of external reference controls/probes that enable quality assurance between different microarray platforms.</a> Anal. Biochem. 472, 75-83 (2015).</li><li>Kirschner, M. B., van Zandwijk, N., Reid, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cell-free+microRNAs:+potential+biomarkers+in+need+of+standardized+reporting.">Cell-free microRNAs: potential biomarkers in need of standardized reporting.</a> Front Genet. 4, 56 (2013).</li><li>Malentacchi, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=SPIDIA-RNA:+second+external+quality+assessment+for+the+pre-analytical+phase+of+blood+samples+used+for+RNA+based+analyses.">SPIDIA-RNA: second external quality assessment for the pre-analytical phase of blood samples used for RNA based analyses.</a> PLoS One. 9 (11), e112293 (2014).</li><li>Sourvinou, I. S., Markou, A., Lianidou, E. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantification+of+circulating+miRNAs+in+plasma:+effect+of+preanalytical+and+analytical+parameters+on+their+isolation+and+stability.">Quantification of circulating miRNAs in plasma: effect of preanalytical and analytical parameters on their isolation and stability.</a> J Mol Diagn. 15 (6), 827-834 (2013).</li><li>Yamaura, Y., Nakajima, M., Takagi, S., Fukami, T., Tsuneyama, K., Yokoi, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Plasma+microRNA+profiles+in+rat+models+of+hepatocellular+injury,+cholestasis,+and+steatosis.">Plasma microRNA profiles in rat models of hepatocellular injury, cholestasis, and steatosis.</a> PLoS One. 7 (2), e30250 (2012).</li><li>Kirschner, M. B., Edelman, J. J., Kao, S. C., Vallely, M. P., van Zandwijk, N., Reid, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Impact+of+Hemolysis+on+Cell-Free+microRNA+Biomarkers.">The Impact of Hemolysis on Cell-Free microRNA Biomarkers.</a> Front Genet. 4, 94 (2013).</li><li>Mestdagh, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=High-throughput+stem-loop+RT-qPCR+miRNA+expression+profiling+using+minute+amounts+of+input+RNA.">High-throughput stem-loop RT-qPCR miRNA expression profiling using minute amounts of input RNA.</a> Nucleic Acids Res. 36 (21), e143 (2008).</li><li>Pritchard, C. C., Cheng, H. H., Tewari, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=MicroRNA+profiling:+approaches+and+considerations.">MicroRNA profiling: approaches and considerations.</a> Nat. Rev. Genet. 13 (5), 358-369 (2012).</li><li>Moldovan, L., Batte, K. E., Trgovcich, J., Wisler, J., Marsh, C. B., Piper, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Methodological+challenges+in+utilizing+miRNAs+as+circulating+biomarkers.">Methodological challenges in utilizing miRNAs as circulating biomarkers.</a> J. Cell. Mol. Med. 18 (3), 371-390 (2014).</li><li>Mangolini, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Diagnostic+and+prognostic+microRNAs+in+the+serum+of+breast+cancer+patients+measured+by+droplet+digital+PCR.">Diagnostic and prognostic microRNAs in the serum of breast cancer patients measured by droplet digital PCR.</a> Biomark. Res. 3, 12 (2015).</li><li>Miotto, E., Saccenti, E., Lupini, L., Callegari, E., Negrini, M., Ferracin, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantification+of+circulating+miRNAs+by+droplet+digital+PCR:+comparison+of+EvaGreen-+and+TaqMan-based+chemistries.">Quantification of circulating miRNAs by droplet digital PCR: comparison of EvaGreen- and TaqMan-based chemistries.</a> Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 23 (12), 2638-2642 (2014).</li></ol>

Nuestra evaluación completa proporciona un análisis estadístico más riguroso de la amplitud de la gama dinámica, que indica claramente que la magnitud de la variación entre muestras individuales fue muy diferente entre los miRNAs probado. Aunque estas variaciones pueden atribuirse a sus pequeñas cantidades en los fluidos corporales, debe señalarse que estos datos reflejan no sólo las variaciones biológicas, sino también variaciones técnicas. La mayoría de la variación de la técnica puede ser evaluada media...

Un creciente número de estudios ha sido explorar microRNAs (miRNAs) como biomarcadores para el diagnóstico y pronóstico de los cánceres, o supervisión y detección de otras enfermedades en estudios clínicos y no clínicos1,2,3 . Cuantitativa en tiempo real transcripción reversa PCR (RT-qPCR) es uno de los métodos más comunes utilizados para evaluar miRNAs del destino individual, porque esta técnica es más sensible de microarray4 y la secuencia de RNA a partir de plataformas5. En general, expresión de miRNA se mide en relación con una muestra de referencia utilizando el método de ΔCq6. Este enfoque es apropiado para la investigación de los cambios fisiológicos en los niveles de expresión de genes objetivo. Sin embargo, la cuantificación relativa de miRNAs en circulación ha limitado utilidad debido a sus pequeñas cantidades. Además, la variación técnica hace difícil comparar los resultados de diferentes estudios, ya que diferentes laboratorios personalizar los protocolos experimentales de RT-qPCR diferentemente, que conduce a incompatibles o incluso contradictorios resultados de diferentes estudios7.
En vista de las preocupaciones mencionadas, cuantificación absoluta podría ser más adecuada para la evaluación de las cantidades pequeñas de miRNAs en los fluidos corporales. El método de cuantificación absoluta utiliza una curva estándar generada a partir de concentraciones conocidas de oligonucleótidos sintéticos de RNA que son idénticas en secuencia para el correspondiente destino miRNA8. La salud y el Instituto de ciencias ambientales (HESI) Comité técnico de genómica recientemente llevado a cabo estudios exhaustivos para comparar los resultados de medidas absolutas de miRNAs de plasma, a través de múltiples sitios de prueba. Los resultados mostraron que utilizando un protocolo estándar para la cuantificación absoluta de miRNAs produjo resultados comparables a través de la prueba de múltiples sitios9. El método de ensayo de RT-qPCR que se describe en el presente estudio es casi idéntico al protocolo estándar de HESI, que incluye análisis multiplexado de múltiples objetivos de miRNA y la amplificación para la detección de baja expresión de miRNAs.
En este estudio, recoge un volumen fijo (200 μL) de EDTA-plasma de la sangre de la vena femoral de monos cangrejeros consciente (n = 50) fue utilizado10. El siguiente protocolo describe el procedimiento para la preparación de las muestras de plasma, extracción de miRNA y RT-qPCR, incluyendo la amplificación. Lo más importante, información técnica adicional sobre el protocolo se ha incluido, por lo que la cantidad de miRNAs de blanco en las muestras puede ser validada en combinación con un proceso bien calificado. En primer lugar, la curva estándar de cada miRNA se validó su rango de detección individual, antes de su cuantificación en muestras biológicas. En segundo lugar, la calidad de la metodología actual se evaluó exhaustivamente mediante valores de Cq de un control externo (cel-miR-238). Por lo tanto, esta plataforma proporciona datos más informativos y confiables para comparar resultados de diferentes estudios o laboratorios.
Los perfiles de 8 miRNAs se han incluido en este informe como resultados representativos por el método de ensayo descrito aquí. Estos miRNAs se han propuesto como biomarcadores potenciales de seguridad asociaron con lesión del tejido del hígado (miR-122 y miR-192), corazón (miR-1, miR-208a, 208b miR y miR-499a) y músculo esquelético (miR-133a y miR-206) en roedores y seres humanos3, 11,12,13.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="697">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="39">
			<td height="39" style="height:39px;width:216px;">BD Microtainer tube (K2EDTA)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Becton, Dickinson and Company</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">365974</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">For blood collection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Eppendorf PCR Tubes, 0.2 mL</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Eppendorf</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">0030124359</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Eppendorf Safe-Lock micro test tubes&#160; 1.5 mL</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Eppendorf</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">0030120086</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Eppendorf Safe-Lock micro test tubes&#160; 2.0 mL</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Eppendorf</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">0030120094</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Synthetic oligonucleotide</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Hokkaido System Science</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Individual miRNA (0.2 &#956;mol,HPLC grade)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Tris-EDTA Buffer&#160; (pH 8.0)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Nippon Gene</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">314-90021</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">TE buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Buffer RPE</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">QIAGEN</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Contents in miRNeasy mini kit&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Buffer RWT</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">QIAGEN</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Contents in miRNeasy mini kit&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">miRNeasy Mini Kit</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">QIAGEN</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">217004</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Nuclease-Free Water&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">QIAGEN</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">129114</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">QIAzol Lysis Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">QIAGEN</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Contents in miRNeasy mini kit&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Syn-cel-miR-238-3p miScript miRNA Mimic&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">QIAGEN</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">219600</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">ID:MSY0000293, 5 nmol</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">SC Adapters</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">TAIGEN Bioscience Corporation</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">S0120</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">For RNA extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">VacEZor 36 Complete System</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">TAIGEN Bioscience Corporation</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">M3610</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">For RNA extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">7900HT Fast Real-Time PCR System</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4351405</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Fast 96-Well Block</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">GeneAmp PCR System 9700</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">9700</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">MicroAmp Fast Optical 96-Well Reaction Plate</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4346907</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">MicroAmp Optical Adhesive Film</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4311971</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan Fast Advanced Master Mix</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4444557</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan MicroRNA Assays (cel-miR-238-3p)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4427975</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Assay ID: 000248</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan MicroRNA Assays (hsa-miR-122-5p)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4427975</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Assay ID: 002245</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan MicroRNA Assays (hsa-miR-133a-3p)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4427975</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Assay ID: 002246</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan MicroRNA Assays (hsa-miR-1-3p)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4427975</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Assay ID: 002222</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan MicroRNA Assays (hsa-miR-192-5p)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4427975</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Assay ID: 000491</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan MicroRNA Assays (hsa-miR-206)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4427975</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Assay ID: 000510</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan MicroRNA Assays (hsa-miR-208a-3p)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4427975</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Assay ID: 000511</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan MicroRNA Assays (hsa-miR-208b-3p)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4427975</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Assay ID: 002290</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan MicroRNA Assays (hsa-miR-499a-5p)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4427975</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Assay ID: 001352</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan MicroRNA Reverse 
			Transcription Kit</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4366597</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan PreAmp Master Mix (2&#215;)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4391128</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Chloroform&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Wako Pure Chemicals</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">035-02616</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Ethanol (99.5)</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Wako Pure Chemicals</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">057-00456</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

absolute quantification of plasma microrna levels in cynomolgus monkeys, using quantitative real-time reverse transcription pcr

RT-qPCR es uno de los métodos más comunes para evaluar objetivo individual miRNAs. Generalmente se miden los niveles de MiRNAs en relación con una muestra de referencia. Este enfoque es apropiado para examinar los cambios fisiológicos en los niveles de expresión de genes objetivo. Sin embargo, cuantificación absoluta usando mejor el análisis estadístico es preferible para una evaluación integral de los niveles de expresión génica. Cuantificación absoluta está todavía no de uso común. Este informe describe un protocolo para la medición de los niveles absolutos de plasma miRNA, usando RT-qPCR con o sin la amplificación.
Se preparó un volumen fijo (200 μL) de EDTA-plasma de la sangre de la vena femoral de monos cangrejeros consciente (n = 50). ARN total fue extraído usando sistema comercialmente disponible. MiRNAs de plasma fueron cuantificados por análisis de RT-qPCR basada en sondeos que contiene la sonda y miRNA-específico-reversa PCR primer. Curvas estándar para cuantificación absoluta se generaron usando oligonucleótidos sintéticos disponibles en el mercado del RNA. Un sintético cel-miR-238 fue utilizado como un control externo para la evaluación de normalización y calidad. Los miRNAs que mostró cuantificación ciclo (Cq) valores por encima de 35 se pre amplificados antes el paso de la qPCR.
Entre los 8 miRNAs examinados, miR-122, miR-133a y miR-192 eran detectables sin la amplificación, mientras que 499a miR, miR-1 y miR-206 requieren la amplificación debido a sus niveles de baja expresión. MiR-208a y 208b miR no eran perceptibles aún después de la amplificación. Eficacia de la muestra fue evaluada por los valores de Cq de la cel-miR-238 con picos. En este método de ensayo, variación técnica era estimada para ser menos 3-fold y el límite inferior de cuantificación (LLOQ) 102 copia/μl, para la mayoría de los miRNAs examinados.
Este protocolo proporciona una mejor estimación de la cantidad de plasma miRNAs y permite la evaluación de la calidad de los correspondientes datos de diferentes estudios. Teniendo en cuenta que el bajo número de miRNAs en los fluidos corporales, la amplificación es útil para mejorar la detección de mal expresado miRNAs.

Flujo de trabajo de análisis de miRNA por RT-qPCR y calidad assessment La figura 1 muestra el flujo de trabajo de miRNA análisis de muestras de sangre usando qPCR10. La calidad de los experimentos puede ser verificada mediante la inclusión de cel-miR-238 como un control externo. Esto revelará las variaciones técnicas en la extracción de RNA y RT-qPCR posteriores procesos. En este estudio, la media ± ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Absolute Quantification of Plasma MicroRNA Levels in Cynomolgus Monkeys, Using Quantitative Real-time Reverse Transcription PCR at JoVE.com

Absolute Quantification of Plasma MicroRNA Levels in Cynomolgus Monkeys, Using Quantitative Real-time Reverse Transcription PCR

Este informe describe un protocolo para la medición de los niveles absolutos de miRNA plasma, mediante la transcripción reversa en tiempo real cuantitativa PCR con o sin la amplificación. Este protocolo permite la mejor comprensión de la cantidad de plasma miRNAs y permite la evaluación cualitativa de los correspondientes datos de diferentes estudios o laboratorios.

Cuantificación absoluta de Plasma niveles de microARN en monos cangrejeros, mediante transcripción reversa en tiempo real cuantitativa PCR

RT-qPCR is one of the most common methods to assess individual target miRNAs. MiRNAs levels are generally measured relative to a reference sample. This ...

The overall goal of this procedure is to measure the absolute levels of Plasma MicroRNAs using Quantitative Real-time Reverse Transcription PCR. This method can help assess the quantity of plasma microRNAs, even if their expression level is low. The main advantage of this technique is that the measured data can be compared with others from different studies or laboratories.The implications of this technique extend to the samples from other species because a standard curve can be generated by using the synthetic RNA or the nucleotide. This method can provide insight into translational research to investigate promising safety biomarkers. First, thaw the frozen plasma samples obtained from the femoral vein of the Cynomolgus Monkeys on ice.Transfer the Lysis reagent in Chloroform on ice for chilling before RNA extraction. Next, add 1, 000 microliters of Lysis reagent to 200 microliters of the sample. And vortex for one minute to ensure proper mixing.Then add five microliters of five nanomolar synthetic Caenorhabditis elegans microRNA and 200 microliters of chloroform to the sample. Vortex the sample for one minute to mix properly. Then, place the sample on ice for two to three minutes.Next, centrifuge the sample at 12, 000 G, for 15 minutes at four degrees Celsius. Next, carefully transfer 650 microliters of the aqueous phase to a new microtube. Then, add 975 microliters of Ethanol to the aqueous phase and pipette several times to ensure complete mixing.Transfer the sample into the corresponding column and adapter and then vacuum dry for three minutes using vacuum manifolds. Then add 200 microliters of Ethanol to the column and vacuum dry for one minute. After vacuum drying, add 800 microliters of RWT Buffer to the column and, again, vacuum dry for two minutes.Then add 800 microliters of RPE Buffer to the column and vacuum dry for two minutes. Add the RPE Buffer twice, followed by vacuum drying. Next, add 300 microliters of Ethanol to the column.After adding Ethanol, vacuum dry for one minute. Then, transfer the column in a new microtube and centrifuge the same at 12, 000 G at room temperature for one minute. After centrifugation, transfer the column to a new microtube and add 50 microliters of Nuclease-free water to it.Let the column stand at room temperature for three minutes and then centrifuge at 8, 000 G at room temperature for one minute. Finally, store the eluate at minus 80 degrees Celsius until use. To prepare a synthetic RNA Oligonucleotide Concentration that corresponds to the target microRNA, dilute the stock solution 10-fold to achieve a working solution with the highest concentration to plot the standard curves.Next, to constitute a multiplex pool of reverse transcription primers, mix equal volumes of the 20-strength primers for target microRNAs. Then, prepare the reverse transcription reaction mix. Then add 10 microliters of reverse transcription reaction mix to five microliters of RNA sample.Mix the two by pipetting several times. Then, incubate the mixture on ice for five minutes. After placing the sample in the Thermocycler, start the cycle.Once the program is over, store the reverse transcribed sample at minus 80 degrees Celsius. To constitute the multiplex assay primer pool, add equal volumes of five microliters of assay primers corresponding to target microRNAs into the tube containing Tris-EDTA buffer in the final volume of 1, 000 microliters. Next, constitute the pre-amplification reaction mix.Once the reaction mix is done, transfer 22.5 microliters of pre-amplification reaction mix to two point five microliters of reversed-transcribed sample. Then, pipette to mix the sample and pre-amplification master mix thoroughly and incubate on ice for five minutes and then leave the PCR tubes in the Thermocycler and start the run. Once the program is over, transfer all the samples at minus 80 degrees Celsius.After thawing the pre-amplified or non-pre-amplified samples, dilute it five-folds with sterile water. To generate the standard curve, do 10-fold serial dilution of the samples derived from synthetic RNA oligonucleotides. Then, constitute the quantitative PCR reaction mix in a tube kept on ice.Then add 18 microliters from the quantitative PCR reaction mix to the Fast Optical 96-Well Reaction Plates. Then add two microliters of the diluted samples into the wells. After sealing the plate with adhesive film, briefly centrifuge the sample at 500 G for 15 seconds.Then start the real-time Thermocycler program. Use a SDS software Version 2.4 that functions with the corresponding real-time thermal cycler to compute the raw copy number of each sample. Then calculate the absolute copy number from the raw copy number using Excel software.Amplification efficiency of miR-122, miR-192, and miR-133a was analyzed by plotting standard curves, which explains the relation between the log concentration versus the quantification cycle for the non-pre-amplified samples. The standard curves for miR-122, miR-192, and miR-133a show a linear relationship between quantification cycles and log concentration of the samples. Next, amplification efficiency of miR-1, miR-499a, and miR-206 was analyzed by plotting standard curves for pre-amplified samples.To analyze the amplification efficiency, the slope was computed using linear regression. The slope in standard curve A shows the absence of specific amplicons at 1, 000 copies per microliter concentration for miR-499a and miR-206. However, the non-specific amplicons were obtained at 1, 000 copies per microliter for miR-1.Here, non-pre-amplified and pre-amplified miR-206 samples were used in duplicates to derive the amplification plots. The quantification cycle values for non-pre-amplified and pre-amplified miR-206 was estimated to be 39.9, plus or minus one point nine and 27.0, plus or minus two point two, respectively, representing almost similar values between the duplicates as shown in the plots. Next, plasma microRNAs obtained from Cynomolgus monkeys were subjected to profiling to compute their absolute values.The dot plots, obtained from microRNA profiling representing their expression levels, shows that miR-122, miR-133a, and miR-192 is detectable without pre-amplification. Whereas, miR-1, miR-206, and miR-499a will require pre-amplification due to low expression levels. After watching this video, you should have a good understanding of how to measure the absolute levels of plasma microRNA, using RT-qPCR.And pre-amplification;it's useful to improve detection with small quantities of microRNAs.

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