Name: an in vivo blood-brain barrier permeability assay in mice using fluorescently labeled tracers
Uploaded: 2018-02-26T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An In Vivo Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Assay in Mice Using Fluorescently Labeled Tracers at JoVE.com

著者は、この作業を支援する Leduq 財団によって資金を供給 Sphingonet コンソーシアムを認めたいと思います。この作品も「血管分化と改造」共同研究センターによって支えられた (CRC/Transregio23、プロジェクト C1) と 7。FP、COFUND、ゲーテ国際ポスドク プログラム移動で、291776 号の資金。我々 はさらに処理および遺伝子型解析マウスと彼女のテクニカル サポートのキャサリン ・ ソマーを認めます。

すべての動物は、処理中に痛みや不快感を最小限に抑え最大限大切に取り扱われました。この手順では、当院の動物医療のガイドラインに従って、(承認番号 FK/1044 Regierungspraesidium ダルムシュタット) のローカル委員会によって承認されています。
マウスにおける透過試金の生体内でのための作業手順の概略を図 1に示します。各手順の詳細は...

<ol>
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N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endothelial+cell-derived+angiopoietin-2+is+a+therapeutic+target+in+treatment-naive+and+bevacizumab-resistant+glioblastoma.">Endothelial cell-derived angiopoietin-2 is a therapeutic target in treatment-naive and bevacizumab-resistant glioblastoma.</a> EMBO Molecular Medicine. 8 (1), 39-57 (2016).</li><li>Gross, S., Devraj, K., Feng, Y., Macas, J., Liebner, S., Wieland, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nucleoside+diphosphate+kinase+B+regulates+angiogenic+responses+in+the+endothelium+via+caveolae+formation+and+c-Src-mediated+caveolin-1+phosphorylation.">Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B regulates angiogenic responses in the endothelium via caveolae formation and c-Src-mediated caveolin-1 phosphorylation.</a> Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism: official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. 37 (7), 2471-2484 (2017).</li><li>Ziegler, N., Awwad, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=&#946;-Catenin+Is+Required+for+Endothelial+Cyp1b1+Regulation+Influencing+Metabolic+Barrier+Function.">&#946;-Catenin Is Required for Endothelial Cyp1b1 Regulation Influencing Metabolic Barrier Function.</a> The Journal of neuroscience: the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 36 (34), 8921-8935 (2016).</li><li>Vutukuri, R., Brunkhorst, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alteration+of+sphingolipid+metabolism+as+a+putative+mechanism+underlying+LPS-induced+BBB+disruption.">Alteration of sphingolipid metabolism as a putative mechanism underlying LPS-induced BBB disruption.</a> Journal of Neurochemistry. , (2017).</li><li>Gage, G. 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(65), e3564 (2012).</li><li>Hoffmann, A., Bredno, J., Wendland, M., Derugin, N., Ohara, P., Wintermark, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=High+and+Low+Molecular+Weight+Fluorescein+Isothiocyanate+(FITC)-Dextrans+to+Assess+Blood-Brain+Barrier+Disruption:+Technical+Considerations.">High and Low Molecular Weight Fluorescein Isothiocyanate (FITC)-Dextrans to Assess Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption: Technical Considerations.</a> Translational stroke research. 2 (1), 106-111 (2011).</li><li>Armulik, A., Genov&#233;, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pericytes+regulate+the+blood-brain+barrier.">Pericytes regulate the blood-brain barrier.</a> Nature. 468 (7323), 557-561 (2010).</li><li>Daneman, R., Zhou, L., Kebede, A. A., Barres, B. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pericytes+are+required+for+blood-brain+barrier+integrity+during+embryogenesis.">Pericytes are required for blood-brain barrier integrity during embryogenesis.</a> Nature. 468 (7323), 562-566 (2010).</li><li>Bell, R. D., Winkler, E. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pericytes+control+key+neurovascular+functions+and+neuronal+phenotype+in+the+adult+brain+and+during+brain+aging.">Pericytes control key neurovascular functions and neuronal phenotype in the adult brain and during brain aging.</a> Neuron. 68 (3), 409-427 (2010).</li><li>Banks, W. A., Gray, A. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lipopolysaccharide-induced+blood-brain+barrier+disruption:+roles+of+cyclooxygenase,+oxidative+stress,+neuroinflammation,+and+elements+of+the+neurovascular+unit.">Lipopolysaccharide-induced blood-brain barrier disruption: roles of cyclooxygenase, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and elements of the neurovascular unit.</a> Journal of Neuroinflammation. 12, 223 (2015).</li><li>Krause, G., Winkler, L., Mueller, S. L., Haseloff, R. F., Piontek, J., Blasig, I. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Structure+and+function+of+claudins.">Structure and function of claudins.</a> Biochimica et biophysica acta. 1778 (3), 631-645 (2008).</li><li>Johansson, B. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Blood-Brain+Barrier:+Role+of+Brain+Endothelial+Surface+Charge+and+Glycocalyx.">Blood-Brain Barrier: Role of Brain Endothelial Surface Charge and Glycocalyx.</a> Ischemic Blood Flow in the Brain. , 33-38 (2001).</li><li>Fu, B. M., Li, G., Yuan, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Charge+effects+of+the+blood-brain+barrier+on+the+transport+of+charged+molecules.">Charge effects of the blood-brain barrier on the transport of charged molecules.</a> The FASEB Journal. 22 (1 Supplement), (2008).</li><li>Goebl, N. A., Babbey, C. M., Datta-Mannan, A., Witcher, D. R., Wroblewski, V. J., Dunn, K. 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血液脳関門の機能障害は、プライマリとセカンダリの脳腫瘍や脳卒中を含む神経疾患の数に関連付けられます。BBB 破壊はしばしば命にかかわる中枢神経浮腫を関連付けです。開始の分子機構の解明や BBB の閉鎖したがって神経疾患一般の治療的意義の調査の研究者。ただし、調査方法は蛍光画像17,18の面倒で主観的な定量化に依存する技術的な問題...

血液脳関門 (BBB) は、基底膜の鞘は、密接に関連するペリサイト (Pc)、および自分の終わり足の1 で基底膜を包むアストロ サイト (ACs) でサポートされている微小血管内皮細胞 (Ec) で構成されています ,2。ECs は、いくつかの細胞の種類をサポートし、主に ACs と Pc、バリア機能を調節すると対話も神経細胞とミクログリア、すべての一緒にユニットを形成、神経血管 (NVU)。NVU は、血液媒介性毒素や脳を入力してから病原体の輸送を制限する BBB の機能にとって重要です。この関数は、ECs ともトランスポーター p 糖タンパク質 (P ・ gp) その流出内皮を入力分子に戻すなどの操作のために存在するクローディン 5, オクルーディン, 精巣毛細血管-1, などタイト結合分子の結果1,ルーメン32,船。ただし、BBB は EC 膜1,2,3で表現される特定のトランスポーターで栄養 (ブドウ糖、鉄、アミノ酸) など重要な分子の輸送のためできます。EC 層は内腔 (血側) と特定とベクトル輸送機能報4,5 ように abluminal (脳向け膜) の間様々 なトランスポーターの分布に関して高偏極します。.BBB は中枢神経系の環境をしっかりと規制に関して保護、機能 BBB とパーキンソン病などの疾患に CNS ドラッグデリバリーのための大きな課題です。BBB 機能障害神経疾患でもバリア機能障害はアルツハイマー病 (AD) のように、例えば特定のトランスポーター ターゲットへの損傷を含めることができます、特に脳薬物送達が増加することを想定できません。広告で LRP1、怒り、P gp などいくつかのアミロイド β のトランスポーターが調節不全として知られている、無駄な6,7、8をかもしれないそれ故にこれらの運送者を対象とします。BBB は、ストローク、広告、髄膜炎、多発性硬化症と脳腫瘍9,10,11などのいくつかの神経疾患の障害です。治療戦略の重要な部分は、バリア機能を回復させる、従ってその評価は重要です。
この仕事については客観的かつ我々 正しく適用されているマウスのいくつかの行に両方実験的な遺伝子疾患モデル10,12,13 齧歯動物で透水性の試金のための量的なプロトコル ,14。メソッドは、血管コンパートメントからトレーサーを削除するマウスの灌流が続く蛍光トレーサーの単純な腹腔内注射に基づいています。脳や他の臓器が収集した記事の灌流および透水性の客観的評価と蛍光プレート リーダーで組織ホモジネートの測定に基づく絶対透磁率インデックス。組織ホモジネートまたは任意のトレースを受け取りません偽動物からの血清を使用して背景のすべての未加工の蛍光値が修正されます。十分な正規化は、血清量、血清蛍光組織、従って絶対と同等の実験と組織型との間にある透過性インデックスを降伏の重量に含まれます。グループ間の比較を容易にするため絶対浸透率のインデックス値容易に変換できる比率と我々 は以前に12を実行していた。同時に、ストアド ヘミ脳や腎臓に利用できる可視化トレーサー蛍光顕微鏡10。古典的な蛍光顕微鏡とはいえ面倒な切片と半定量分析のためのイメージの主観的な選択のために透磁率の地域差を取得する価値があります。プロトコルの詳細な手順が表示されます、適切な場所にノートが追加されます。これは、他の小動物にスケーリングすることができますマウスの体内透過性アッセイを正常に実行するために必要な情報を提供します。アッセイは、トレーサーの多くの種類に適用できる特異的な蛍光スペクトルとトレーサーの組み合わせによって透過性評価に基づいた料金とサイズを可能にします。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Tetramethyl Rhodamine (TMR) dextran 3kD</td>
			<td>Thermosfisher</td>
			<td>D3308</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) dextran 3kD</td>
			<td>Thermosfisher</td>
			<td>D3306</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ketamine (Ketavet)</td>
			<td>Zoetis</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xylazine (Rompun)</td>
			<td>Bayer</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.9% Saline</td>
			<td>Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1X PBS</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>10010-015</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tissue-tek O.C.T compound</td>
			<td>Sakura Finetek</td>
			<td>4583</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>37% Formaldhehyde solution</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>252549-1L</td>
			<td>prepare a 4% solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bovine Serum Albumin, fraction V</td>
			<td>Roth</td>
			<td>8076.3</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Triton X-100</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T8787</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>rat anti CD31 antibody, clone MEC 13.3</td>
			<td>BD Pharmingen</td>
			<td>553370</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti rat alexa 568</td>
			<td>Molecular Probes</td>
			<td>A-11077</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti rat alexa 488</td>
			<td>Molecular Probes</td>
			<td>A-11006</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DAPI</td>
			<td>Molecular Probes</td>
			<td>D1306</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Aqua polymount</td>
			<td>Polyscience Inc</td>
			<td>18606</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>21-gauge butterfly needle</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>387455</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>serum collection tube</td>
			<td>Sarstedt</td>
			<td>41.1500.005</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2mL eppendorf tubes</td>
			<td>Sarstedt</td>
			<td>72.695.500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kimtech precision wipes tissue wipers</td>
			<td>Kimberley-Clark Professional</td>
			<td>05511</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>384-well black plate</td>
			<td>Greiner</td>
			<td>781086</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>slides superfrost plus</td>
			<td>Thermoscientific</td>
			<td>J1800AMNZ</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PTFE pestle</td>
			<td>Wheaton</td>
			<td>358029</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>electric overhead stirrer</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>VWR VOS 14</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>plate reader</td>
			<td>Tecan</td>
			<td>Infinite M200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cryostat</td>
			<td>Microm GmbH</td>
			<td>HM 550</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nikon C1 Spectral Imaging confocal Laser Scanning Microscope System</td>
			<td>Nikon</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>peristaltic perfusion system</td>
			<td>BVK Ismatec</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>microcentrifuge</td>
			<td>eppendorf</td>
			<td>5415R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

an in vivo blood-brain barrier permeability assay in mice using fluorescently labeled tracers

血液脳関門 (BBB) は、毒素や病原体循環から脳微小環境を保護し、脳の恒常性を維持する特殊なバリアです。バリアの主な場所はタイトジャンクショ細胞間と細胞膜に発現排出トランスポーター起因するバリア機能が脳の毛細血管の内皮細胞です。この関数は、ペリサイトおよび単位 (NVU) を形成しているアストロ サイトによって規制されています。脳卒中、アルツハイマー病 (AD) などいくつかの神経疾患脳腫瘍は BBB 機能障害に関連付けられます。BBB 透過性の評価は神経疾患の重症度と治療戦略を採用の成功の評価に重要なため。
いくつかのマウスに正常に適用されている堅牢な透磁率測定モデル遺伝的および実験両方まだここで単純なを提示します。メソッドは、定量性は一般的に適用される顕微鏡によるトレーサー蛍光分析と比較して客観的にです。このメソッドは、マウスはマウスを麻酔続いて水性の不活性蛍光トレーサーのミックスと腹腔内注入されます。動物の心臓の血流は、脳、腎臓や他の臓器を収穫する前に実行されます。臓器の均質化し、遠心上清からの蛍光測定が続きます。直前に灌流心臓穿刺から採血血管コンパートメントに正規化の目的提供しています。組織蛍光が量的に入手するぬれた重量および血清蛍光に正規化されたトレーサー透磁率インデックス。追加の確認のため蛍光可視化用トレーサー対側の半脳免疫組織化学のために保存を利用できます。

我々 は最近、アンジオポエチン 2 (Ang-2) 関数の利得 (GOF) マウスではある健康の条件10の高いコントロール マウスより脳血管透過性を示しています。脳卒中誘発マウス、GOF マウスが大きな梗塞サイズは、コントロールの同腹子より大きな透磁率を持っていたことを示していますがだった。これらの結果は、BBB で透磁率にアン 2 の重要な役割を表示し?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An In Vivo Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Assay in Mice Using Fluorescently Labeled Tracers at JoVE.com

An In Vivo Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Assay in Mice Using Fluorescently Labeled Tracers

生体内で血液脳関門透過性アッセイを用いたマウス蛍光トレーサーに分類

血液脳関門の機能障害の動物モデルに適用可能な灌流が続く蛍光トレーサーの腹腔内注入によるマウス脳血管透過性アッセイをご紹介します。1 逸見脳は、透水性の定量的評価と可視化トレーサー/染色の他に使用されます。10 匹のマウスに 5-6 時間を要します。

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a specialized barrier that protects the brain microenvironment from toxins and pathogens in the circulation and maintains ...

The overall goal of this procedure is to assess the permeability of brain vasculature in mice using fluorescently-labeled tracers to assess blood-brain barrier dysfunction in animal models. This method can help answer key questions in the blood-brain barrier field pertaining to neuro-vascular permeability in diseases and its recovery upon therapy. The main advantage of this method is that it is simple and quantitative.It gives the possibility for concurrent assessment of permeability by fluorometry, which is quantitative, and also fluorescence microscopy for regional defenses. The implications of this technique extend towards diagnosis and therapy of several neurological disorders, including brain tumors, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease because these diseases are associated with life-threatening brain edema and improvement of BBD function as a key therapeutic target. Demonstrating part of the procedure will be Miss Jadranka Macas, a scientific technology officer at the institute.Intraperitoneally inject mice with 100 microliters of two-millimolar tracer solution. Choose lysine-fixable tracers, such as dextrans labeled with FITC and TMR with distinct excitation emission spectra for minimal interference between the dyes. If combining tracers, inject 200 microliters of combined tracer solution intraperitoneally.Include vehicle-only injections to serve as sham controls for autofluorescence background subtraction. After each injection, allow five minutes before deeply anesthetizing the mice according to the approved institutional protocols. Prepare the animals for cardiac perfusion 10 minutes after anesthetic administration.Check the absence of paw twitch response to ensure that the mouse has reached a surgical plane of anesthesia. Lay the mouse to be perfused on its back and apply 80%ethanol on the skin of the abdominal area. After using small scissors to create a two-centimeter incision in the abdominal wall, separate the liver from the diaphragm, and then slowly cut through the diaphragm, exposing the plural cavity.Cut the ribcage bilaterally and fix the cut sternum to expose the left ventricle. Insert a 21-gauge butterfly needle connected to a peristaltic perfusion system in the posterior of the left ventricle. Puncture the right atrium and then use a one-milliliter pipette tip with the end cut off to quickly collect the 200 to 300 microliters of released blood and transfer to a serum collection tube.Store the collected blood on ice. As soon as the blood is collected, switch on the perfusion system and perfuse the animal for three minutes with room temperature calcium and magnesium ion-free PBS. Assess perfusion quality by noting the color of the liver and kidneys, which appear pale after perfusion.After harvesting the brain, verify that there is no blood visible in vessels of the meninges. The sample should be excluded from the permeability analysis if the perfusion quality is poor. Use a scalpel to separate the brain into two hemi-brains.Then dissect the cerebellum and olfactory lobe from one hemi-brain, and transfer the hemi-cerebrum to a two-milliliter tube. Place one harvested kidney to another two-milliliter tube. Immediately place the samples on dry ice.Natively embed the remaining kidney and hemi-brain with cerebellum and olfactory lobes intact in TissueTech optimal cutting temperature compound, and put it on dry ice. Lastly, after centrifuging the blood samples at 10, 000 G for 10 minutes at four degrees Celsius, transfer the serum supernatants to 1.5-milliliter tubes and place them in the dry ice container. Transfer the samples to the minus 80 degrees Celsius freezer as homogenization efficiency increases after freeze-thawing.Place the hemi-cerebrum and kidney samples on ice to thaw, and then weigh the tubes containing the organs. From these weights, subtract the mean value of approximately 20 empty tubes to get the tissue weight. Add 300 microliters of cold PBS to the tube containing kidney and 200 microliters to the tubes containing hemi-cerebrum.Homogenize each sample in the original microfuge tube with a PTFE pestle attached to an electric overhead stirrer, using about 15 strokes. Store the homogenized samples on ice, protected from light. Rinse the pestle with PBS in between samples and wipe dry before proceeding to the next sample.When all samples have been homogenized, centrifuge for 20 minutes at 15, 000 G and four degrees Celsius. Following centrifugation, transfer the supernatants to new 1.5-milliliter tubes on ice before proceeding to fluorescence measurement and quantification. Transfer the supernatant to a 384-well plate and insert the plate into fluorescence reader.Make sure the right excitation and emission wavelengths are included for the tracer and set the gain to Optimal. Start the measurement, and export the data as a spreadsheet to perform the calculations as described in the protocol. On the day of staining, thaw 10-micron cryostat sections mounted on slides at 37 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes.Then, fix the sections with 4%paraformaldehyde for 10 minutes at room temperature, followed by quick-washing in PBS. Permeabilize and block non-specific binding in the sections by incubating in sterile PBS containing 1%PSA and 0.5%Triton X-100 for one hour at room temperature. After blocking, incubate the slides with a one-to-100 dilution of CD31 primary antibody for 1.5 hours at room temperature.After washing with PBS three times for five minutes each, perform secondary antibody incubation for one hour at room temperature with species-specific fluorescently labeled antibodies. Mount the stained sections with Aqua-Poly/Mount and leave overnight for polymerization at room temperature in the dark. Finally, acquire images using a spectral imaging confocal laser scanning microscope system.In order to establish the tracer circulation time for the permeability assay, a long circulation time of two hours is compared to a short circulation time of 15 minutes post tracer injection. The longer circulation time of two hours leads to low amounts of tracers accumulation in kidney compared to a short 15-minute circulation time potentially due to a high clearance FITC dextran shown in green from the vascular compartment. This effect is even more dramatic in the brain due to the tight blood-brain barrier.CD31 staining seen in the red channel confirmed the presence of vessels in the kidney at both time points examined and in the brain. Once mastered, this technique can be performed within five to six hours for 10 mice with two scientists working in tandem. While attempting this technique, it is important to remember to use tracers of right molecular weight, chart and fluorescence characteristics in order to answer the questions regarding the blood-brain barrier permeability.Following this procedure, other methods like immuno-histochemistry for BBD and disease fill on factors can be performed to answer additional questions, like severity and localization of disease site.

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

An In Vivo Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Assay in Mice Using Fluorescently Labeled Tracers

Generation of an Immortalized Murine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Line as an In Vitro Blood Brain Barrier Model

Generation of an Immortalized Murine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Line as an In Vitro Blood Brain Barrier Model

として不死化マウス脳微小血管内皮細胞株の生成<em&gt; in vitroで</em&gt;血液脳関門モデル

Epithelial and endothelial cells (EC) are building paracellular barriers which protect the tissue from the external and internal environment. The ...

神経科学

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超音波血液脳関門の破壊とマンガン増強MRIを用いた脳機能イメージングの試み

Although mice are the dominant model system for studying the genetic and molecular underpinnings of neuroscience, functional neuroimaging in mice remains ...

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ゼブラフィッシュ胚性神経上皮の透水性に関するアッセイ

The brain ventricular system is conserved among vertebrates and is composed of a series of interconnected cavities called brain ventricles, which form ...

Assessment of Blood-brain Barrier Permeability by Intravenous Infusion of FITC-labeled Albumin in a Mouse Model of Neurodegenerative Disease

神経変性疾患のマウスモデルで FITC 標識アルブミンの点滴静注による血液脳関門透過性の評価

Disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is a common feature for different neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Although the interplay ...

An In Vivo Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

An In Vivo Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

虚血性脳卒中のモデルラットの血液脳関門の破壊のIn Vivo評価

Ischemic stroke leads to vasogenic cerebral edema and subsequent primary brain injury, which is mediated through destruction of the blood-brain barrier ...

A Benchtop Approach to the Location Specific Blood Brain Barrier Opening using Focused Ultrasound in a Rat Model

ラットモデルにおける集中超音波を用いた位置特異的血液脳関門開口へのベンチトップアプローチ

Stereotaxic surgery is the gold standard for localized drug and gene delivery to the rodent brain. This technique has many advantages over systemic ...

Electrocorticographic Recording of Cerebral Cortex Areas Manipulated Using an Adeno-Associated Virus Targeting Cofilin in Mice

マウスにおけるコフィリンを標的とするアデノ関連ウイルスを用いて操作した大脳皮質領域の電気コルチコチコ

The use of electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings in rodents is relevant to sleep research and to the study of a wide range of neurological conditions. ...

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成体マウス脳における誘導性蛍光標識幹細胞の系統追跡

A telomerase reverse transcriptase (Tert) lineage-tracing mouse line was developed to investigate the behavior and fate of adult tissue stem cells, by ...

細胞バリアの完全性を評価するための経内皮抵抗測定

Barrier Functional Integrity Recording on bEnd.3 Vascular Endothelial Cells via Transendothelial Electrical Resistance Detection

著者スポットライト:細胞バリアの完全性を評価するためのTEER検出の応用 

経内皮電気抵抗検出 による bEnd.3血管内皮細胞のバリア機能完全性記録

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic physiological structure composed of microvascular endothelial cells, astrocytes, and pericytes. By coordinating ...