Name: micro-dissection of enamel organ from mandibular incisor of rats exposed to environmental toxicants
Uploaded: 2018-03-29T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants at JoVE.com

この仕事は、歯科医学の研究 (IFRO) の大学パリ ・ ディドロ、フランス国立衛生研究所と医学研究 (INSERM)、フランスの研究所によって賄われていた。

本研究で使用されるすべての動物は、ケアと農業 (A-75-06-12) フランスの省から実験動物の使用のためのガイドラインに従って維持されました。
1. 動物に対する毒性
<ol><li>このプロトコルを実行する前に必要な制度上の承認を取得、すべての動物のケアのガイドラインを遵守することを確認します。</li>
	<li>エナメル芽細胞分泌期および成熟期エナメル芽細胞に調査せず?...

<ol>
	<li>Jedeon, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enamel+defects+reflect+perinatal+exposure+to+bisphenol+A.">Enamel defects reflect perinatal exposure to bisphenol A.</a> Am J Pathol. 183, 108-118 (2013).</li><li>Jedeon, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chronic+Exposure+to+Bisphenol+a+Exacerbates+Dental+Fluorosis+in+Growing+Rats.">Chronic Exposure to Bisphenol a Exacerbates Dental Fluorosis in Growing Rats.</a> J Bone Miner Res. 31, 1955-1966 (2016).</li><li>Alaluusua, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Developmental+dental+aberrations+after+the+dioxin+accident+in+Seveso.">Developmental dental aberrations after the dioxin accident in Seveso.</a> Environ Health Perspect. 112, 1313-1318 (2004).</li><li>Chapple, I. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interaction+of+lifestyle,+behaviour+or+systemic+diseases+with+dental+caries+and+periodontal+diseases:+consensus+report+of+group+2+of+the+joint+EFP/ORCA+workshop+on+the+boundaries+between+caries+and+periodontal+diseases.">Interaction of lifestyle, behaviour or systemic diseases with dental caries and periodontal diseases: consensus report of group 2 of the joint EFP/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases.</a> J Clin Periodontol. 44, S39-S51 (2017).</li><li>Nanci, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enamel:+Composition,+Formation,+and+Structure.">Enamel: Composition, Formation, and Structure.</a> Ten Cate's Oral Histology Development, Structure, and Function. , 122-164 (2012).</li><li>Leite, G. A., Sawan, R. M., Teofilo, J. M., Porto, I. M., Sousa, F. B., Gerlach, R. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Exposure+to+lead+exacerbates+dental+fluorosis.">Exposure to lead exacerbates dental fluorosis.</a> Arch Oral Biol. 56, 695-702 (2011).</li><li>Jedeon, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enamel+hypomineralization+due+to+endocrine+disruptors.">Enamel hypomineralization due to endocrine disruptors.</a> Connect Tiss Res. 55, 1-5 (2014).</li><li>Jedeon, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Androgen+receptor+involvement+in+rat+amelogenesis:+an+additional+way+for+endocrine+disrupting+chemicals+to+affect+enamel+synthesis.">Androgen receptor involvement in rat amelogenesis: an additional way for endocrine disrupting chemicals to affect enamel synthesis.</a> Endocrinology. 157, 4287-4296 (2016).</li><li>Weerheijm, K. L., Jalevik, B., Alaluusua, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molar-incisor+hypomineralisation.">Molar-incisor hypomineralisation.</a> Caries Res. 35, 390-391 (2001).</li><li>J&#228;levik, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prevalence+and+Diagnosis+of+Molar-Incisor-+Hypomineralisation+(MIH):+A+systematic+review.">Prevalence and Diagnosis of Molar-Incisor- Hypomineralisation (MIH): A systematic review.</a> Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 11, 59-64 (2010).</li><li>Alaluusua, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aetiology+of+Molar-Incisor+Hypomineralisation:+A+systematic+review.">Aetiology of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralisation: A systematic review.</a> Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 11, 53-58 (2010).</li><li>Jedeon, K., Berdal, A., Babajko, S., Gibert, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+tooth,+target+organ+of+Bisphenol+A,+could+be+used+as+a+biomarker+of+exposure+to+this+agent.">The tooth, target organ of Bisphenol A, could be used as a biomarker of exposure to this agent.</a> Bisphenol A: Sources, Risks of Environmental Exposure and Human Health Effects. , 205-225 (2015).</li><li>Fejerskov, O., Larsen, M. J., Richards, A., Baelum, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dental+tissue+effects+of+fluoride.">Dental tissue effects of fluoride.</a> Adv Dent Res. 8, 15-31 (1994).</li><li>Robinson, C., Connell, S., Kirkham, J., Brookes, S. J., Shore, R. C., Smith, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effect+of+fluoride+on+the+developing+tooth.">The effect of fluoride on the developing tooth.</a> Caries Res. 38, 268-276 (2004).</li><li>Sahlberg, C., Pavlic, A., Ess, A., Lukinmaa, P. L., Salmela, E., Alaluusua, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Combined+effect+of+amoxicillin+and+sodium+fluoride+on+the+structure+of+developing+mouse+enamel+in+vitro.">Combined effect of amoxicillin and sodium fluoride on the structure of developing mouse enamel in vitro.</a> Arch Oral Biol. 58, 1155-1164 (2013).</li><li>Pritchett-Corning, K. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Euthanasia+of+neonatal+rats+with+carbon+dioxide.">Euthanasia of neonatal rats with carbon dioxide.</a> J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 48, 23-27 (2009).</li><li>Hiller, C. R., Robinson, C., Weatherell, J. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Variations+in+the+composition+of+developing+rat+incisor+enamel.">Variations in the composition of developing rat incisor enamel.</a> Calcif Tissue Res. 18, 1-12 (1975).</li><li>Robinson, C., Kirkham, J., Nutman, C. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Relationship+between+enamel+formation+and+eruption+rate+in+rat+mandibular+incisors.">Relationship between enamel formation and eruption rate in rat mandibular incisors.</a> Cell Tissue Res. 254, 655-658 (1988).</li><li>Smith, C. E., Nanci, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+method+for+sampling+the+stages+of+amelogenesis+on+mandibular+rat+incisors+using+the+molars+as+a+reference+for+dissection.">A method for sampling the stages of amelogenesis on mandibular rat incisors using the molars as a reference for dissection.</a> Anat Rec. 225, 257-266 (1989).</li><li>Chavez, M. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+culture+of+dental+epithelial+stem+cells+from+the+adult+mouse+incisor.">Isolation and culture of dental epithelial stem cells from the adult mouse incisor.</a> J Vis Exp. (87), (2014).</li><li>Brookes, S. J., Kingswell, N. J., Barron, M. J., Dixon, M. J., Kirkham, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Is+the+32-kDa+fragment+the+functional+enamelin+unit+in+all+species?.">Is the 32-kDa fragment the functional enamelin unit in all species?.</a> Eur J Oral Sci. 119, 345-350 (2011).</li><li>Babajko, S., Jedeon, K., Houari, S., Loiodice, S., Berdal, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Disruption+of+Steroid+Axis,+a+New+Paradigm+for+Molar+Incisor+Hypomineralization+(MIH).">Disruption of Steroid Axis, a New Paradigm for Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH).</a> Front Physiol. 8, 343 (2017).</li><li>Houari, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Asporin+and+the+mineralization+process+in+fluoride-treated+rats.">Asporin and the mineralization process in fluoride-treated rats.</a> J Bone Min Res. 29, 1446-1455 (2014).</li><li>Denbesten, P., Li, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chronic+fluoride+toxicity:+dental+fluorosis.">Chronic fluoride toxicity: dental fluorosis.</a> Monographs in oral science. 22, 81-96 (2011).</li><li>Kirkham, J., Robinson, C., Phull, J. K., Shore, R. C., Moxham, B. J., Berkovitz, B. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effect+of+rate+of+eruption+on+periodontal+ligament+glycosylaminoglycan+content+and+enamel+formation+in+the+rat+incisor.">The effect of rate of eruption on periodontal ligament glycosylaminoglycan content and enamel formation in the rat incisor.</a> Cell Tissue Res. 274, 413-419 (1993).</li><li>Lacruz, R. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+novel+candidate+genes+involved+in+mineralization+of+dental+enamel+by+genome-wide+transcript+profiling.">Identification of novel candidate genes involved in mineralization of dental enamel by genome-wide transcript profiling.</a> J Cell Physiol. 227, 2264-2275 (2012).</li><li>Wen, X., Paine, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Iron+deposition+and+ferritin+heavy+chain+(Fth)+localization+in+rodent+teeth.">Iron deposition and ferritin heavy chain (Fth) localization in rodent teeth.</a> BMC research notes. 6, 1 (2013).</li><li>Houari, S., Loiodice, S., Jedeon, K., Berdal, A., Babajko, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+Steroid+Receptors+in+Ameloblasts+during+Amelogenesis+in+Rat+Incisors.">Expression of Steroid Receptors in Ameloblasts during Amelogenesis in Rat Incisors.</a> Front Physiol. 7, 503 (2016).</li><li>Kawano, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Establishment+of+dental+epithelial+cell+line+(HAT-7)+and+the+cell+differentiation+dependent+on+Notch+signaling+pathway.">Establishment of dental epithelial cell line (HAT-7) and the cell differentiation dependent on Notch signaling pathway.</a> Connect Tissue Res. 43, 409-412 (2002).</li><li>Zhou, Y. L., Snead, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+CCAAT/enhancer-binding+protein+alpha+as+a+transactivator+of+the+mouse+amelogenin+gene.">Identification of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha as a transactivator of the mouse amelogenin gene.</a> J Biol Chem. 275, 12273-12280 (2000).</li><li>Nakata, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Establishment+and+characterization+of+a+spontaneously+immortalized+mouse+ameloblast-lineage+cell+line.">Establishment and characterization of a spontaneously immortalized mouse ameloblast-lineage cell line.</a> Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 308, 834-839 (2003).</li><li>Harada, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Establishment+of+ameloblastoma+cell+line,+AM-1.">Establishment of ameloblastoma cell line, AM-1.</a> Journal of oral pathology &amp; medicine: official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology. 27, 207-212 (1998).</li><li>Jussila, M., Thesleff, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Signaling+networks+regulating+tooth+organogenesis+and+regeneration,+and+the+specification+of+dental+mesenchymal+and+epithelial+cell+lineages.">Signaling networks regulating tooth organogenesis and regeneration, and the specification of dental mesenchymal and epithelial cell lineages.</a> Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 4, a008425 (2012).</li><li>Tucker, A., Sharpe, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+cutting-edge+of+mammalian+development;+how+the+embryo+makes+teeth.">The cutting-edge of mammalian development; how the embryo makes teeth.</a> Nat Rev Genet. 5, 499-508 (2004).</li><li>Vos, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Years+lived+with+disability+(YLDs)+for+1160+sequelae+of+289+diseases+and+injuries+1990-2010:+a+systematic+analysis+for+the+Global+Burden+of+Disease+Study+2010.">Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.</a> Lancet. 380, 2163-2196 (2012).</li><li>Marcenes, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Global+burden+of+oral+conditions+in+1990-2010:+a+systematic+analysis.">Global burden of oral conditions in 1990-2010: a systematic analysis.</a> J Dent Res. 92, 592-597 (2013).</li><li>. Dental Caries (Tooth Decay) in Adults (Age 20 to 64) Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/DataStatistics/FindDataByTopic/DentalCaries/DentalCariesAdults20to64.htm">https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/DataStatistics/FindDataByTopic/DentalCaries/DentalCariesAdults20to64.htm</a> (2017)</li></ol>

エナメル質欠損の特性が、変化の理解を開発を助けるかもしれない変えられたエナメル芽細胞活性および/または混乱したエナメル芽細胞増殖・分化・成熟プロセス鉛不可逆的なエナメル質欠損し、順番、エナメル質形成におけるエナメル芽細胞の活動。したがって、孤立したエナメル器官の研究は、エナメルの欠陥がどのような環境や遺伝、その起源につながる病理のイベントを明らかにす...

環境毒性や不適切な生活習慣1,2,3,4への暴露から多く発達エナメル質の欠損があります。中断イベント、現在記載されている手順を使用してエナメル質形成の分子の特性、いくつかの有害物質への暴露の早いマーカーとして結果エナメル質欠損の使用を推進しの健康の歴史の再構成のために役立つことがあります。エナメル質が synthetized1,2周産期の期間それぞれの患者。エナメル合成は、エナメル芽細胞活動5によって 4 つの段階に分けることができます。最初のステップでは、前駆体細胞および pre-エナメル芽細胞増殖を再びグループ化します。2 番目の段階では、差別化されたエナメル芽細胞はエナメル基質タンパク質 (体)、主にアメロゲニン、エナメリン、アメロブラスチン、最終的なエナメル質の厚さを決定するを分泌します。したがって、EMP 合成の中断は、エナメル質の定量的欠陥につながります。におけるエナメル質の厚さの堆積後成熟段階を開始します。この段階で、幅と厚さにおけるアパタイト結晶の成長により重量最大 96% の生体組織は、最高の鉱化作用の割合に到達するエナメル質ができます。質的に成熟段階鉛中に発生する中断イベントはエナメルの欠陥です。最後に、エナメル、齧歯動物の色素沈着とも呼ばれる後の成熟の段階に入るし、歯噴火しエナメル質欠損 (もしあれば) 取り返しのつかない不可逆的なアポトーシスを受ける、欠陥の潜在的な回顧記録を提供エナメル芽細胞と強調しました。齧歯動物、エナメル、同様の一連のイベントがそれらをエナメルの一般的なプロセスを検討する適切なモデルの歯が成長し続ける特殊性で移動できます。したがって、エナメルの中断のエナメル質および/または中断イベントの時間ウィンドウの種類に応じて、数量の変更の結果します。その意味で、ダイオキシン類、鉛、および内分泌撹乱化学物質ビスフェノール A (BPA)、ゲニステイン、ビンクロゾリンなどへの暴露は、エナメル hypomineralizations1,2,3 を生成する示されています。 ,6,7,8。非対称白い不透明な斑点は、胎児期、出生1後最初の月の間に低用量 BPA 用量に暴露したラットの切歯に同定されました。これらのエナメル質欠損ラットと人間の臼歯切歯 hypomineralization (MIH) の類似した臨床的、構造的、生化学的特性を共有します。MIH は最近は、歯のエナメル質の病理病因まだ残る多くの因果関係の要因にもかかわらず不明9,10の9,10,11 に仮定されたこと ,12。
環境要因のための別の重要なエナメル hypomineralization 病理は歯の弗素症 (DF)、フッ化物の過剰吸収の結果である (> 0.1 mg/kg/日)13,14。フッ化物の主な情報源は、飲料水は、補足またはフッ化物で自然豊かです。フッ化物は、齲蝕予防にもしばしば処方が、予防的投与量はわずか 50% 毒性の 1 つよりも低い (0.05 mg/kg/日)。MIH と DF、環境要因への暴露から生じる 2 つの頻繁に病態が生じる内分泌かく乱化学物質2など他の有害物質とフッ化物の hypomineralizing 効果の増強により特徴付けられる必要がある共通の機能またはアモキシシリン15。
異なる分化段階でエナメルを含むラット エナメル器官の郭清のマイクロは、エナメル芽細胞の活動を妨害し、歯の噴火後診断されるエナメル質欠損を引き起こすことができる分子の作用のメカニズムを理解するのに役立ちます。つまり、環境毒性のためエナメル質遺伝子発現とエナメル マトリックス組成の変化の特性評価、有害物質への暴露の歴史の再構成ができ、環境安全の公共の監視が容易になります健康。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Bisphenol A</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis MO</td>
			<td>239658</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>formalin 10%</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO</td>
			<td>HT5012</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tri-Reagent</td>
			<td>Euromedex, France</td>
			<td>TR118</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RLT buffer</td>
			<td>Qiagen, Les Ulis, France</td>
			<td>74126</td>
			<td>RNeasy Protect Mini Kit</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Androgen receptor antibody</td>
			<td>Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA)</td>
			<td>sc-816</td>
			<td>rabbit polyclonal antibody</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS 10x</td>
			<td>EUOMEDEX</td>
			<td>ET330.A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium fluoride (NaF)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO</td>
			<td>S-1504</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>paraplast regular</td>
			<td>Leica microsystems, Nanterre cedex,&#160;France</td>
			<td>39601006</td>
			<td>called was/parafin in the text</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>tissue OCT</td>
			<td>VWR, Fontenay-sous-Bois, France</td>
			<td>411243</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Extra Fine Bonn Scissors - Straight/8.5 cm</td>
			<td>PHYMEP , Paris, France</td>
			<td>14084-08</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Handle for Scalpel Blades - 12.5 cm</td>
			<td>PHYMEP, Paris, France</td>
			<td>10035-12</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Curved Scalpel Blade</td>
			<td>PHYMEP , Paris, France</td>
			<td>10035-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dissecting Knife - Fine/Straight Tip</td>
			<td>PHYMEP , Paris, France</td>
			<td>10055-12</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Circle Knife</td>
			<td>PHYMEP, Paris, France</td>
			<td>10059-15</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>scalpel blades n&#176;11 Swann-Morton</td>
			<td>VWR, Fontenay-sous-Bois, France</td>
			<td>233-0024</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>binocular lens</td>
			<td>Leica biosystems, Nanterre cedex,&#160;France</td>
			<td>MZFLIII</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

micro-dissection of enamel organ from mandibular incisor of rats exposed to environmental toxicants

環境条件や生活の方法から生じるエナメル質欠損、彼らの高い有病率のため公衆衛生の懸念されます。これらの欠陥はエナメル合成エナメル エナメル器官であるという責任がある細胞の活性変化に起因します。、エナメル質形成におけるエナメル芽細胞増殖、分化、死のイベントの具体的かつ正確なシーケンスに従ってください。ラットの切歯を継続的に成長、生理学的および病理学的条件でエナメル芽細胞活動と分化段階を研究する適切な実験的モデルです。ここでは、我々 はマイクロ分析環境有害物質に暴露したラットのエナメル器に信頼性の高い一貫した方法をについて説明します。ミクロ解剖歯科上皮には分泌と成熟期エナメル芽細胞in situハイブリダイゼーション、免疫組織化学的アッセイなどの定性的な実験のためだけでなくなどの定量に使用できるにはが含まれてRT qPCR、RNA シーケンスおよび西部にしみが付くこと。

多くは欠陥をエナメル質など歯の弗素症12,13、フッ化物の過剰吸収による環境条件に起因またはエナメルの hypomineralization いくつかの内分泌かく乱化学物質の1、への露出により MIH のよう7,22。これらの発達のエナメル質の欠損は実験的ラット (<strong class="...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants at JoVE.com

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants

エナメル質の形成と変化を理解すると、エナメル芽細胞活性の検討が必要です。ここでは、さらに定量的および定性的な実験プロシージャで使用可能性があります分泌と成熟期エナメル芽細胞を含むエナメル器官のマイクロ分析する信頼性と一貫性のある手法について述べる。

環境有害物質に暴露したラットの下顎からエナメル器官の微細解剖

Enamel defects resulting from environmental conditions and ways of life are public health concerns because of their high prevalence. These defects result ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Murine Corneal Transplantation: A Model to Study the Most Common Form of Solid Organ Transplantation

ネズミ角膜移植：固体臓器移植の最も一般的な形態を研究するためのモデル

Corneal transplantation is the most common form of organ transplantation in the United States with between 45,000 and 55,000 procedures performed each ...

Technique of Porcine Liver Procurement and Orthotopic Transplantation using an Active Porto-Caval Shunt

アクティブポルト大静脈シャントを使用して、ブタ肝臓調達と同所移植の技術

The success of liver transplantation has resulted in a dramatic organ shortage. Each year, a considerable number of patients on the liver transplantation ...

Automated Measurement of Pulmonary Emphysema and Small Airway Remodeling in Cigarette Smoke-exposed Mice

肺気腫とタバコ煙曝露マウスにおける末梢気道リモデリングの自動測定

COPD is projected to be the third most common cause of mortality world-wide by 2020(1).  Animal models of COPD are used to identify molecules that ...

Cardiac Catheterization in Mice to Measure the Pressure Volume Relationship: Investigating the Bowditch Effect

ボーディッチ影響を調べる：圧力体積関係を測定するために、マウスにおける心臓カテーテル検査

Animal models that mimic human cardiac disorders have been created to test potential therapeutic strategies. A key component to evaluating these ...

Murine Prostate Micro-dissection and Surgical Castration

マウス前立腺マイクロ解剖と外科的去勢

Mouse models are used extensively to study prostate cancer and other diseases. The mouse is an excellent model with which to study the prostate and has ...

Generation of Organ-conditioned Media and Applications for Studying Organ-specific Influences on Breast Cancer Metastatic Behavior

乳がん転移挙動に関する器官特異的影響を研究するためのオルガン付きメディアおよびアプリケーションの生成

Breast cancer preferentially metastasizes to the lymph node, bone, lung, brain and liver in breast cancer patients. Previous research efforts have focused ...

Isolation and Cultivation of Mandibular Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rats

ラットにおける骨髄間葉系幹細胞の単離と培養

Here we present an efficient method for isolating and culturing mandibular bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs) in vitro to rapidly obtain numerous ...

Operating Transverse Aortic Constriction with Absorbable Suture to Obtain Transient Myocardial Hypertrophy

過渡性心筋肥大を得るために吸収性縫合を用いて横方向の大動脈収縮を操作する

Based on twice transverse aortic constrictions (TACs) in mice, it is proved that myocardial hypertrophic preconditioning (MHP) could attenuate ...

3D Imaging of PDL Collagen Fibers during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mandibular Murine Model

下顎マウスモデルにおける歯歯運動中のPDLコラーゲン線維の3Dイメージング

Orthodontic tooth movement is a complex biological process of altered soft and hard tissue remodeling as a result of external forces. In order to ...

Establishing a Silicosis Rat Model via Exposure of Whole-Body to Respirable Silica

The major cause of silicosis is the inhalation of silica in the occupational environment. Despite some anatomical and physiological differences, rodent ...