Name: two-photon intravital imaging of leukocytes during the immune response in lipopolysaccharide-treated mouse liver
Uploaded: 2018-02-06T14:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Two-photon Intravital Imaging of Leukocytes During the Immune Response in Lipopolysaccharide-treated Mouse Liver at JoVE.com

这项研究得到了韩国政府资助的韩国国家研究基金会 (NRF) 的一笔赠款 (MSIP; 对 Y-m 的赠款2016R1A2B4008199H.) 和大韩民国卫生 & 福利部 (赠款号: HI14C1324)。

所有程序都是按照韩国世大学医学院机构动物保育和使用委员会的指导方针进行的。LysM-绿色荧光蛋白 (gfp; gfp/+) 老鼠8和 CX3Cr1-GFP (gfp/+)9小鼠在8-12 周龄时被用于活体成像。所有的手术工具都是用70% 酒精蒸压和消毒的。
1. 具有辅助工具的定制设计的小鼠肝脏成像室
<ol><li>小鼠肝脏成像室设计<ol>
<li>为小鼠肝脏成像 (图 1</stron...

<ol>
	<li>Girard, J. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fuels,+hormones,+and+liver+metabolism+at+term+and+during+the+early+postnatal+period+in+the+rat.">Fuels, hormones, and liver metabolism at term and during the early postnatal period in the rat.</a> J Clin Invest. 52 (12), 3190-3200 (1973).</li><li>Marques, P. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Imaging+liver+biology+in+vivo+using+conventional+confocal+microscopy.">Imaging liver biology in vivo using conventional confocal microscopy.</a> Nat Protoc. 10 (2), 258-268 (2015).</li><li>Dasari, S., Weber, P., Makhloufi, C., Lopez, E., Forestier, C. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intravital+Microscopy+Imaging+of+the+Liver+following+Leishmania+Infection:+An+Assessment+of+Hepatic+Hemodynamics.">Intravital Microscopy Imaging of the Liver following Leishmania Infection: An Assessment of Hepatic Hemodynamics.</a> J Vis Exp. (101), e52303 (2015).</li><li>Honda, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intravital+imaging+of+neutrophil+recruitment+in+hepatic+ischemia-reperfusion+injury+in+mice.">Intravital imaging of neutrophil recruitment in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice.</a> Transplantation. 95 (4), 551-558 (2013).</li><li>Jenne, C. N., Wong, C. H., Petri, B., Kubes, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+use+of+spinning-disk+confocal+microscopy+for+the+intravital+analysis+of+platelet+dynamics+in+response+to+systemic+and+local+inflammation.">The use of spinning-disk confocal microscopy for the intravital analysis of platelet dynamics in response to systemic and local inflammation.</a> PLoS One. 6 (9), e25109 (2011).</li><li>Ritsma, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intravital+microscopy+through+an+abdominal+imaging+window+reveals+a+pre-micrometastasis+stage+during+liver+metastasis.">Intravital microscopy through an abdominal imaging window reveals a pre-micrometastasis stage during liver metastasis.</a> Sci Transl Med. 4 (158), 158ra145 (2012).</li><li>Sierro, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+Liver+Capsular+Network+of+Monocyte-Derived+Macrophages+Restricts+Hepatic+Dissemination+of+Intraperitoneal+Bacteria+by+Neutrophil+Recruitment.">A Liver Capsular Network of Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Restricts Hepatic Dissemination of Intraperitoneal Bacteria by Neutrophil Recruitment.</a> Immunity. 47 (2), 374-388 (2017).</li><li>Faust, N., Varas, F., Kelly, L. M., Heck, S., Graf, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Insertion+of+enhanced+green+fluorescent+protein+into+the+lysozyme+gene+creates+mice+with+green+fluorescent+granulocytes+and+macrophages.">Insertion of enhanced green fluorescent protein into the lysozyme gene creates mice with green fluorescent granulocytes and macrophages.</a> Blood. 96 (2), 719-726 (2000).</li><li>Jung, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+fractalkine+receptor+CX(3)CR1+function+by+targeted+deletion+and+green+fluorescent+protein+reporter+gene+insertion.">Analysis of fractalkine receptor CX(3)CR1 function by targeted deletion and green fluorescent protein reporter gene insertion.</a> Mol Cell Biol. 20 (11), 4106-4114 (2000).</li><li>Heymann, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Long+term+intravital+multiphoton+microscopy+imaging+of+immune+cells+in+healthy+and+diseased+liver+using+CXCR6.Gfp+reporter+mice.">Long term intravital multiphoton microscopy imaging of immune cells in healthy and diseased liver using CXCR6.Gfp reporter mice.</a> J Vis Exp. (97), (2015).</li></ol>

由于其功能的重要性, 许多组3,10都积极研究了肝脏。例如, Heymann et al. 提出了一种微妙的方法使用琼脂糖。虽然这种方法被认为是高度精确的, 琼脂糖设置需要时间。然而, 用我们的方法, 所有的程序可以在30分钟内进行, 尽量减少其他混杂因素。第二, 稳定肝脏是非常重要的, 因为心跳会扰乱视频。为了消除这种现象, 我们将小鼠重新定位到合适的卧位位?...

肝脏是哺乳动物的主要代谢器官;它充当能量、荷尔蒙和解毒的控制塔1。由于其重要性, 研究人员已经进行了许多体外和体内实验来阐明炎症过程中肝脏的变化。活体显微镜已被用来捕捉活体图像从肝脏2 。的确, 各种肝脏成像方法已经被引入2,3,4,5,6。然而, 为了发展一个更简化的手术方法, 并实现目标器官和免疫细胞的稳定, 我们设计了一个简单的协议, 可以指导研究人员减少他们的活体成像的努力。
在本研究中, 我们介绍了一个稳定和新的成像室和外科技术, 可用于减少出血和可能感染。我们证实肝脏保持完好超过2小时。利用这种方法, 我们成功地确定了 LCMs7的形态和脓毒性条件下的中性粒细胞。由于这种方法最大限度地减少物理和生物混杂因素, 如颤抖和意外炎症在外科手术过程中, 我们预计, 这种方法可以用来观察急性反应的免疫细胞在肝脏响应像 LPS 的试剂

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			<td style="width:233px;">To make semi-permanent dam</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:260px;">Flexible Silicone Rubber Heaters</td>
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			<td height="61" style="height:61px;width:260px;">Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Salmonella enteria serotype enteritidis</td>
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			<td style="width:272px;">16555k</td>
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			<td style="width:233px;">Analysis program</td>
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	</tbody>
</table>

two-photon intravital imaging of leukocytes during the immune response in lipopolysaccharide-treated mouse liver

脓毒症是一种严重的感染, 可能导致器官衰竭和组织损伤。虽然与脓毒症有关的死亡率和发病率极高, 但没有对直接治疗或与器官有关的机制进行详细的实时检查。肝脏是管理人体内毒素和感染的关键器官。本文旨在对内毒素血症诱导后的小鼠肝脏进行活体成像, 以跟踪免疫细胞的运动, 如中性粒细胞和肝囊巨噬细胞 (LCMs)。因此, 我们设计了一种新的手术方法, 以接触肝脏微创手术。小鼠腹腔注射脂多糖 (LPS), 一种常见的内毒素。利用我们的新的手术方法, 接触和活体成像的小鼠肝脏, 我们发现, 中性粒细胞招募在 LPS 治疗 LysM 绿色荧光蛋白 (GFP) 小鼠肝脏增加与磷酸盐缓冲生理盐水治疗的肝脏。LPS 治疗后, 中性粒细胞数量随着时间的推移显著增加。此外, 使用 CX3Cr1-GFP 小鼠, 我们成功地可视化肝居民巨噬细胞称为 LCMs。因此, 为了研究新的试剂对控制免疫移动性的有效性在体内, 确定中性粒细胞和 LCMs 在肝脏中的运动和形态学, 可以让我们发现在器官衰竭和组织损伤中所造成的治疗作用白细胞在脓毒症中活化。

一个简单和非常稳定的成像室设计。室的底部布满了硅胶, 防止滑鼠的身体和器官。此外, 由于硅具有适当的弹性, 它可以防止因盖板滑动 (图 1A、 C) 的压力而引起的预期损坏。其次, 采用组织安全胶 (兽医键) 固定在环形硅胶床上提取肝脏。这种方法使我们能够避免因心跳或呼吸运动而引起的颤抖。最后, 根据小鼠的身体尺寸和突起肝脏的...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Two-photon Intravital Imaging of Leukocytes During the Immune Response in Lipopolysaccharide-treated Mouse Liver at JoVE.com

Two-photon Intravital Imaging of Leukocytes During the Immune Response in Lipopolysaccharide-treated Mouse Liver

我们建立了一种新的小鼠肝脏双光子成像的手术方案。利用这一技术, 我们确定了肝内毒素诱导中的内毒素血症的详细结构。我们预期这种方法可以用来确定各种试剂治疗肝白细胞迁移的有效性。

脂多糖治疗小鼠肝脏免疫应答中白细胞的双光子活体成像

Sepsis is a type of severe infection that can cause organ failure and tissue damage. Although the mortality and morbidity rates associated with sepsis are ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

An Introduction to Parasitic Wasps of Drosophila and the Antiparasite Immune Response

An Introduction to Parasitic Wasps of Drosophila and the Antiparasite Immune Response

寄生蜂简介<em&gt;果蝇</em&gt;和Antiparasite的免疫反应的

Most known parasitoid wasp species attack the larval or pupal stages of Drosophila. While Trichopria drosophilae infect the pupal stages of the host (Fig. ...

科研

免疫与感染

Intravital Imaging of the Mouse Thymus using 2-Photon Microscopy

活体成像的鼠标使用2 - 光子显微镜的胸腺

Two-photon Microscopy (TPM) provides image acquisition in deep areas inside tissues and organs. In combination with the development of new stereotactic ...

Intravital Imaging of the Mouse Popliteal Lymph Node

小鼠腘窝淋巴结的活体成像

Lymph nodes (LNs) are secondary lymphoid organs, which are strategically located throughout the body to allow for trapping and presentation of foreign ...

Quantitative Measurement of the Immune Response and Sleep in Drosophila

Quantitative Measurement of the Immune Response and Sleep in Drosophila

定量测定的免疫反应和睡眠模式<em&gt;果蝇</em

A complex interaction between the immune response and  host behavior has been described in a wide range of species. Excess sleep, in  particular, is known ...

Quantification of the Respiratory Burst Response as an Indicator of Innate Immune Health in Zebrafish

呼吸爆发的响应为先天免疫健康的斑马鱼中的指标量化

The phagocyte respiratory burst is part of the innate immune response to  pathogen infection and involves the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ...

Using RNA-interference to Investigate the Innate Immune Response in Mouse Macrophages

利用RNA干扰调查的先天免疫反应的小鼠巨噬细胞

Macrophages are key phagocytic innate immune cells.  When macrophages encounter a pathogen, they produce antimicrobial proteins and compounds to kill the ...

In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection

In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection

在 MyD88的介导的细胞免疫应答西尼罗河病毒变异株感染体外分析

An attenuated West Nile virus (WNV), a nonstructural (NS) 4B-P38G mutant, induced higher innate cytokine and T cell responses than the wild-type WNV in ...

Intravital Microscopy Imaging of the Liver following Leishmania Infection: An Assessment of Hepatic Hemodynamics

Intravital Microscopy Imaging of the Liver following Leishmania Infection: An Assessment of Hepatic Hemodynamics

肝脏活体如下显微成像<em&gt;利什曼原虫</em&gt;感染：肝脏血流动力学的评估

Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful optical imaging technique that has made possible the visualization, monitoring and quantification of various ...

Long Term Intravital Multiphoton Microscopy Imaging of Immune Cells in Healthy and Diseased Liver Using CXCR6.Gfp Reporter Mice

免疫细胞健康和疾病肝脏使用CXCR6.Gfp记者小鼠长期活体多光子显微镜成像

Liver inflammation as a response to injury is a highly dynamic process involving the infiltration of distinct subtypes of leukocytes including monocytes, ...

Non-invasive Imaging of the Innate Immune Response in a Zebrafish Larval Model of Streptococcus iniae Infection

Non-invasive Imaging of the Innate Immune Response in a Zebrafish Larval Model of Streptococcus iniae Infection

先天免疫反应中的斑马鱼幼体型号无创成像<em&gt;链球菌iniae</em&gt;感染

The aquatic pathogen, Streptococcus iniae, is responsible for over 100 million dollars in annual losses for the aquaculture industry and is capable of ...