Name: construction of an improved multi-tetrode hyperdrive for large-scale neural recording in behaving rats
Uploaded: 2018-05-09T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Construction of an Improved Multi-Tetrode Hyperdrive for Large-Scale Neural Recording in Behaving Rats at JoVE.com

Agradecemos o laboratório Moser no Kavli Institute de neurociência de sistemas e o centro para Computação Neural, Universidade Norueguesa de ciência e tecnologia, para a crônica neural gravando procedimentos em ratos. Este trabalho foi financiado pelo NIH grant R21 NS098146 e humano Frontier ciência programa a longo prazo Fellowship LT000211/2016-L L. Lu.

1. estereolitografia de modelos 3D
<ol><li>Use técnicas de stereolithographic para imprimir o hyperdrive peças e acessórios. Cada hyperdrive é composto de dezoito vaivéns, dezoito shuttle parafusos e cada um de todos os outros pedaços de plástico (Figura 1). Nota: Os acessórios não fazem parte do hiperpropulsor mas são necessários para a construção de hyperdrive.</li>
</ol>2. preparação de acessórios (Figura 2).
<ol...

<ol>
	<li>O'Keefe, J., Recce, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Phase+relationship+between+hippocampal+place+units+and+the+EEG+theta+rhythm.">Phase relationship between hippocampal place units and the EEG theta rhythm.</a> Hippocampus. 3 (3), 317-330 (1993).</li><li>Wilson, M. A., McNaughton, B. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dynamics+of+the+hippocampal+ensemble+code+for+space.">Dynamics of the hippocampal ensemble code for space.</a> Science. 261 (5124), 1055-1058 (1993).</li><li>Gothard, K. M., Skaggs, W. E., Moore, K. M., McNaughton, B. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Binding+of+hippocampal+CA1+neural+activity+to+multiple+reference+frames+in+a+landmark-based+navigation+task.">Binding of hippocampal CA1 neural activity to multiple reference frames in a landmark-based navigation task.</a> J Neurosci. 16 (2), 823-835 (1996).</li><li>Gray, C. M., Maldonado, P. E., Wilson, M., McNaughton, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tetrodes+markedly+improve+the+reliability+and+yield+of+multiple+single-unit+isolation+from+multi-unit+recordings+in+cat+striate+cortex.">Tetrodes markedly improve the reliability and yield of multiple single-unit isolation from multi-unit recordings in cat striate cortex.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 63 (1-2), 43-54 (1995).</li><li>Buzsaki, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Large-scale+recording+of+neuronal+ensembles.">Large-scale recording of neuronal ensembles.</a> Nat Neurosci. 7 (5), 446-451 (2004).</li><li>Fyhn, M., Hafting, T., Witter, M. P., Moser, E. I., Moser, M. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Grid+cells+in+mice.">Grid cells in mice.</a> Hippocampus. 18 (12), 1230-1238 (2008).</li><li>Skaggs, W. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=EEG+sharp+waves+and+sparse+ensemble+unit+activity+in+the+macaque+hippocampus.">EEG sharp waves and sparse ensemble unit activity in the macaque hippocampus.</a> J Neurophysiol. 98 (2), 898-910 (2007).</li><li>Guo, P., Pollack, A. J., Varga, A. G., Martin, J. P., Ritzmann, R. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extracellular+wire+tetrode+recording+in+brain+of+freely+walking+insects.">Extracellular wire tetrode recording in brain of freely walking insects.</a> J Vis Exp. (86), (2014).</li><li>Knierim, J. J., McNaughton, B. L., Poe, G. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Three-dimensional+spatial+selectivity+of+hippocampal+neurons+during+space+flight.">Three-dimensional spatial selectivity of hippocampal neurons during space flight.</a> Nat Neurosci. 3 (3), 209-210 (2000).</li><li>Leutgeb, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Independent+codes+for+spatial+and+episodic+memory+in+hippocampal+neuronal+ensembles.">Independent codes for spatial and episodic memory in hippocampal neuronal ensembles.</a> Science. 309 (5734), 619-623 (2005).</li><li>Lansink, C. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+split+microdrive+for+simultaneous+multi-electrode+recordings+from+two+brain+areas+in+awake+small+animals.">A split microdrive for simultaneous multi-electrode recordings from two brain areas in awake small animals.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 162 (1-2), 129-138 (2007).</li><li>Kloosterman, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Micro-drive+array+for+chronic+in+vivo+recording:+drive+fabrication.">Micro-drive array for chronic in vivo recording: drive fabrication.</a> J Vis Exp. (26), (2009).</li><li>. Google Patents Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.google.com/patents/US5928143">https://www.google.com/patents/US5928143</a> (1999)</li><li>Redish, A. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Independence+of+firing+correlates+of+anatomically+proximate+hippocampal+pyramidal+cells.">Independence of firing correlates of anatomically proximate hippocampal pyramidal cells.</a> J Neurosci. 21 (5), RC134 (2001).</li><li>Schmitzer-Torbert, N., Redish, A. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neuronal+activity+in+the+rodent+dorsal+striatum+in+sequential+navigation:+separation+of+spatial+and+reward+responses+on+the+multiple+T+task.">Neuronal activity in the rodent dorsal striatum in sequential navigation: separation of spatial and reward responses on the multiple T task.</a> J Neurophysiol. 91 (5), 2259-2272 (2004).</li><li>Nguyen, D. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Micro-drive+array+for+chronic+in+vivo+recording:+tetrode+assembly.">Micro-drive array for chronic in vivo recording: tetrode assembly.</a> J Vis Exp. (26), (2009).</li><li>Chang, E. H., Frattini, S. A., Robbiati, S., Huerta, P. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Construction+of+microdrive+arrays+for+chronic+neural+recordings+in+awake+behaving+mice.">Construction of microdrive arrays for chronic neural recordings in awake behaving mice.</a> J Vis Exp. (77), e50470 (2013).</li><li>Vandecasteele, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Large-scale+recording+of+neurons+by+movable+silicon+probes+in+behaving+rodents.">Large-scale recording of neurons by movable silicon probes in behaving rodents.</a> J Vis Exp. (61), e3568 (2012).</li><li>Siegle, J. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chronically+implanted+hyperdrive+for+cortical+recording+and+optogenetic+control+in+behaving+mice.">Chronically implanted hyperdrive for cortical recording and optogenetic control in behaving mice.</a> Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2011, 7529-7532 (2011).</li><li>Brunetti, P. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Design+and+fabrication+of+ultralight+weight,+adjustable+multi-electrode+probes+for+electrophysiological+recordings+in+mice.">Design and fabrication of ultralight weight, adjustable multi-electrode probes for electrophysiological recordings in mice.</a> J Vis Exp. (91), e51675 (2014).</li><li>. Google Patents Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.google.com/patents/US4575330">https://www.google.com/patents/US4575330</a> (1986)</li><li>Ludvig, N., Potter, P. E., Fox, S. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simultaneous+single-cell+recording+and+microdialysis+within+the+same+brain+site+in+freely+behaving+rats:+a+novel+neurobiological+method.">Simultaneous single-cell recording and microdialysis within the same brain site in freely behaving rats: a novel neurobiological method.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 55 (1), 31-40 (1994).</li></ol>

Aqui, descrevemos o processo de construção de um hyperdrive recém-desenvolvido composto de dezoito tetrodes independente móveis. A unidade pode ser construída de partes acessíveis compradas em muitas lojas de hardware disponíveis, combinadas com componentes criados pela impressão de stereolithographic. O hiperpropulsor pode ser cronicamente implantado no crânio de um rato utilizando procedimentos cirúrgicos padrão e é capaz de gravar a atividade neural extracelular, enquanto o animal executa várias tarefas c...

No campo da neurociência de sistemas, os cientistas estudam as correlações neurais subjacentes a processos cognitivos como navegação espacial, memória e tomada de decisões. Para estes tipos de estudos, é fundamental para monitorar a atividade de muitos neurônios individuais durante o comportamento animal. Nas últimas décadas, dois importantes avanços foram feitos para atender às necessidades experimentais para extracelular neural gravação em pequenos animais,1,2,3. Primeiro foi o desenvolvimento do tetrode, um pacote de quatro microwires usado para gravar a atividade neural de neurônios simultaneamente1,2,4. As amplitudes de sinal diferencial de atividade através dos quatro canais de um tetrode permite o isolamento da atividade do neurônio individuais de muitas células gravadas simultaneamente5. Além disso, a natureza flexível do microwires permite maior estabilidade do tetrode minimizando o deslocamento relativo entre o tetrode e o populacao de celula alvo. Tetrodes agora são amplamente utilizados em vez de um único eletrodo para muitos estudos do cérebro em várias espécies, incluindo roedores1,2,6, primatas7e insetos8. Segundo o desenvolvimento de um hyperdrive transportava vários tetrodes móveis independente, o que permite o monitoramento simultâneo de atividade neural de maiores populações de neurônios de gravação múltiplas localizações3, 9,10,11,12.
A disponibilidade de um dispositivo de gravação multi tetrode confiável e acessível para pequenos animais é limitada. O hiperpropulsor clássico, inicialmente desenvolvido por Bruce McNaughton13, tem sido utilizado com sucesso para gravações neurais em livremente se comportando ratos em muitos laboratórios no passado duas décadas9,10,14, 15. no entanto, por razões técnicas, os componentes originais necessários para construir a unidade McNaughton agora são muito difíceis de obter e não são compatíveis com interfaces de aquisição de dados recentemente melhorada. O outro projeto bem aceito de hyperdrive requer os microdrives para handcrafted individualmente, que pode produzir resultados inconsistentes e consumir tempo substancial12. Para gravar a atividade neural de várias regiões do cérebro no comportamento de ratos, desenvolvemos um novo hiperdrive usando a tecnologia de stereolithographic. Nós procuramos satisfazer os seguintes requisitos: (1) o hiperpropulsor novo deve permitir deslocamento preciso dos tetrodes no cérebro e fornecer a gravação estável de várias regiões-alvo; (2) o hiperpropulsor novo deve ser compatível com o sistema magnético quickclip recentemente desenvolvido para permitir a fácil conexão; e (3) o hiperpropulsor novo pode ser reproduzido com precisão com materiais facilmente disponíveis. Aqui, nós fornecemos uma técnica para construir o hiperpropulsor 3D-printable contendo dezoito tetrodes móveis independente, baseados em cima do projeto McNaughton. O protocolo, descrevemos os detalhes do processo de fabricação do hiperpropulsor novo, o que temos usado com sucesso para registros único-neurônio potenciais de ação e potenciais de campo local dos córtices medial e postrhinal entorhinal durante semanas em um livremente comportando-se rato durante tarefas de forrageamento naturais.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Welding rod</td>
			<td>Blue Demon</td>
			<td>ER308L-035-01T</td>
			<td>Stainless steel, 0.035&#34; in diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Screw</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>91771A060</td>
			<td>Stainless steel, flat head, 0-80&#160;thread,&#160;5/8&#34;&#160;in length</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Screw</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>91772A051</td>
			<td>Stainless steel, pan head, 0-80&#160;thread,&#160;5/32&#34;&#160;in length</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Screw</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>92196A056</td>
			<td>Stainless steel, socket head, 0-80&#160;thread,&#160;5/16&#34;&#160;in length</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Screw</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>92196A055</td>
			<td>Stainless steel, socket head, 0-80&#160;thread,&#160;1/4&#34;&#160;in length</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Screw</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>95868A131</td>
			<td>Nylon,&#160; socket head, 2-56&#160;thread,&#160;3/16&#34;&#160;in length, black</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Screw nut</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>90730A001</td>
			<td>Stainless steel, narrow hex,&#160; 0-80&#160;thread</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Shoulder screw</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>90298A213</td>
			<td>Stainless steel, 8-32 thread, 3/16&#34; in diameter, 1/4&#34; in length</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cup screw</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>92313A105</td>
			<td>Stainless steel, 4-40 thread, 3/16&#34; in length</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thumb screw</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>94323A592</td>
			<td>Nylon, 8-32&#160;thread,&#160;3/8&#34;&#160;in length, black</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnet</td>
			<td>Apex</td>
			<td>M3X1MMDI</td>
			<td>Neodymium, 3 mm X 1 mm disc</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Metal tubing</td>
			<td>Small Parts</td>
			<td>B00137QHNS</td>
			<td>Stainless steel, 23 gauge, 0.0253&#34; OD, 0.013&#34; ID, 0.006&#34; wall</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Metal tubing</td>
			<td>New England Small Tube</td>
			<td>Custom-made</td>
			<td>Stainless steel, 30 gauge, 0.012/0.0125&#34; OD, 0.007/0.008&#34; ID, full hard</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heat-shrink tubing</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>7856K72</td>
			<td>0.09&#34; ID before shrinking, blue</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silicone tubing</td>
			<td>A-M Systems</td>
			<td>807300</td>
			<td>0.040&#34; ID, 0.085&#34; OD</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polyimide tubing</td>
			<td>A-M Systems</td>
			<td>823400</td>
			<td>0.0045&#34; ID, 0.0005&#34; wall</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ground wire</td>
			<td>A-M Systems</td>
			<td>791500</td>
			<td>0.005&#34; bare, 0.008&#34; coated, half hard</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tetrode wire</td>
			<td>California Fine Wire</td>
			<td>Custom-made</td>
			<td>0.0007&#34; in diameter, platinum-iridium (90%-10%), HML and VG coating</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EIB</td>
			<td>Neuralynx</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>EIB-72-QC-Large</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gold pins</td>
			<td>Neuralynx</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>large EIB pins</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tap</td>
			<td>Balax</td>
			<td>01302-000</td>
			<td>M1.2 thread size</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tap</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>2522A811</td>
			<td>0-80 thread size, bottoming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tap</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>2522A771</td>
			<td>0-80 thread size, plug</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tap</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>26955A94</td>
			<td>3/8&#34;-24&#160;thread size, bottoming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tap</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>2522A713</td>
			<td>2-56&#160;thread size</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tap</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>2522A715</td>
			<td>4-40&#160;thread size</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tap</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>2522A718</td>
			<td>8-32&#160;thread size</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Die</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>2576A457</td>
			<td>3/8&#34;-24&#160;thread size, 1&#34; OD</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Drill bit</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>30585A82</td>
			<td>Wire gauge&#160;65,&#160;0.035&#34; in diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Drill bit</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>30585A83</td>
			<td>Wire gauge&#160;66,&#160;0.033&#34; in diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Drill bit</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>30585A87</td>
			<td>Wire gauge&#160;70,&#160;0.028&#34; in diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Drill bit</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>30585A88</td>
			<td>Wire gauge&#160;71,&#160;0.026&#34; in diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Drill bit</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>30585A91</td>
			<td>Wire gauge&#160;73,&#160;0.024&#34; in diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Drill bit</td>
			<td>McMaster</td>
			<td>8870A23</td>
			<td>3/16&#34;&#160;in diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dremel disc</td>
			<td>Wagner</td>
			<td>31M</td>
			<td>Diamond coated, 22 mm in diameter, 0.17 mm in thickness</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Steel wire</td>
			<td>Precision Brand</td>
			<td>21212</td>
			<td>0.012&#34; in diameter, full hard</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Steel wire</td>
			<td>Precision Brand</td>
			<td>21007</td>
			<td>0.007&#34; in diameter, full hard</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Steel wire</td>
			<td>A-M Systems</td>
			<td>792700</td>
			<td>0.003&#34; in diameter, half hard</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Super glue</td>
			<td>Loctite</td>
			<td>LT-40640</td>
			<td># 406</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Super glue</td>
			<td>Loctite</td>
			<td>LT-41550</td>
			<td># 415</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dental acrylic powder&#160;</td>
			<td>Teets</td>
			<td>223-3773</td>
			<td>Coral</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dental acrylic liquid</td>
			<td>Teets</td>
			<td>223-4003</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

construction of an improved multi-tetrode hyperdrive for large-scale neural recording in behaving rats

Monitorar os padrões de atividade de uma grande população de neurônios ao longo de muitos dias em animais acordados é uma técnica valiosa no campo da neurociência de sistemas. Um componente chave desta técnica consiste no posicionamento preciso de vários eletrodos em regiões do cérebro desejada e a manutenção de sua estabilidade. Aqui, descrevemos um protocolo para a construção de um hyperdrive impressão 3D, que inclui dezoito tetrodes independentemente ajustáveis e destina-se especificamente na vivo extracelular neural gravação em livremente se comportando ratos. Os tetrodes anexadas para os microdrives também podem individualmente ser avançados em várias regiões do cérebro ao longo da trilha, ou podem ser usados para colocar uma matriz de eletrodos em uma área menor. Os Múltiplo tetrodes permitem a análise simultânea de action potentials de dezenas de neurônios individuais, bem como potenciais de campo local de populações de neurônios no cérebro durante o comportamento ativo. Além disso, o projeto prevê 3D mais simples elaboração de software que pode ser facilmente modificado para diferentes necessidades experimentais.

Usamos um recém-construído hyperdrive para obter resultados experimentais. O carro foi equipado com tetrodes construídos a partir de ø 17 µm (0,0007"), fio de poliamida-revestido de platina-irídio (90% - 10%). As dicas dos tetrodes foram chapeadas em platinum preto solução para reduzir impedâncias de eletrodo para entre 100 e 200 kΩ a 1 kHz. O hiperpropulsor foi implantado 4,6 mm deixada de linha média e 0,5 mm à frente do seio transverso no crânio de 550 g, masculino rato de...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Construction of an Improved Multi-Tetrode Hyperdrive for Large-Scale Neural Recording in Behaving Rats at JoVE.com

Construction of an Improved Multi-Tetrode Hyperdrive for Large-Scale Neural Recording in Behaving Rats

Apresentamos a construção de um hyperdrive 3D-printable com dezoito tetrodes independentemente ajustáveis. O hiperpropulsor é projetado para gravar a atividade cerebral em livremente se comportando ratos durante um período de várias semanas.

Construção de um Hyperdrive melhorado de multi Tetrode para gravação Neural em grande escala em comportar-se ratos

Monitoring the activity patterns of a large population of neurons over many days in awake animals is a valuable technique in the field of systems ...

The overall goal of this procedure is to construct a recording device with multiple independently adjustable electrodes for the examination of brain activity in freely behaving rats. So this method is very exciting because it will help answer several questions related to special navigation, decision making, and other cognitive processes. The main advantage of this hyperdrive is that it provides reliable neuro recording in the brain using materials that are easy to obtain.Although this method was designed to be used specifically with rats, it can be used with any species of similar or larger head sizes such as non-human primates, thereby allowing investigations of many species. Those new to this method might struggle with the nuance involved in the preparation of the steps cause there's a certain level of experience and accuracy that's required to develop these tricks that can make a successful drive. Begin by expanding the holes in the 3D printed core using different sized drill bits.Use a diameter of 0.61 millimeter for the 12 ground wire through holes. For the 18 tetrode through holes, first use a 0.66 millimeter bit and then widen with a 0.71 millimeter bit. A 0.84 millimeter diameter bit is used for the 18 guide rod blind holes.Next, thread the two through holes on top of the core and the remaining eight blind holes with a 0.80 tap. Use a bottoming tap for the blind holes. Create external threads at the base of the core using a 3/8-24 die.Adjust the die properly so the hyperdrive nut will fit over the new threads. Depending on the desired number of ground wires, insert multiple six millimeter long segments of 23 gauge metal tubing into the ground wire holes in the core gluing them if necessary. File the outer ends of the ground wire cannulas until they are flushed with the core and then clean the cannulas with a 0.30 millimeter diameter steel wire.Next, fully insert 18 08015.88 millimeter long flathead screws head down into the slots in the core. Do not bend the screws or damage the threads during this process. Using the rod positioning complex into the core station, position 18 17 millimeter segments of 0.89 millimeter diameter welding rod over the guide rod holes in the core and hammer them down about five millimeters until flushed with the screws.Correct the positions of the welding rods and screws if necessary then tighten the central shoulder screw and the surrounding six screws in the rod positioning complex to secure the outward directions of the rods in the core. Screw the nut onto the core with the rod positioning complex and fit the core into the hyperdrive holder to allow easier positioning under a stereoscope. Fill the slots with dilute dental cement to secure the screws to the core.Fill two to three slots at a time before the dental cement gets too thick. Scrape away any excess dental cement on the core to maintain a proper fit with the shield then allow to air dry for 15 minutes. Next, glue the screws and rods into the core with thin super glue and allow to dry for 15 minutes.Clean and expand the two outer holes in the 3D printed shuttle with drill bits. Use a 0.61 millimeter diameter bit for the smaller hole and a 0.89 millimeter bit for the larger hole. Insert the shuttle bolt into the bolt holder base ensuring the proper orientation.Then close the bolt holder lid. Hold the bolt holder tightly and thread slowly through the hole in the lid with a 0.80 tap. Tap two or three times until smooth.Then insert the shuttle bolt into the shuttle from the side with the smaller opening. Place the shuttle-shuttle bolt complex upside down in the microdrive assembly station base. Next, smooth both ends of a 15 millimeter segment of 23 gauge metal tubing, then position the tubing over the 0.61 millimeter diameter hole guided by the slot in the station lid.Hammer the cannula into the hole until the upper end is flushed with the station lid. Remove the outer half of the upper tip of the cannula with a sanding wheel. Clean the cannula with a 0.30 millimeter diameter metal wire.Then glue the cannula onto the shuttle using thin super glue making sure not to glue the shuttle bolts to the shuttle. Prepare at least 18 microdrives. Test the microdrives on the microdrive rack.Make sure that the shuttle bolt can rotate smoothly in the shuttle and that the entire microdrive moves freely along the length of the threaded rod. To insert guide cannulas into the hyperdrive core, begin by removing the heat shrink tubes and slide a four millimeter segment of silicone tubing along the bundle to the soldered-unsoldered border. Wedge the slit in the hyperdrive spacer to widen the central hole allowing the spacer to slip around the silicone tube.Remove the wedge when the spacer sits at the center of the silicone tube. Next, organize the positions of the guide cannulas in the bundle by placing 10 centimeter long segments of 0.18 millimeter diameter metal wire through each cannula into a specific tetrode hole in the hyperdrive core preventing any crossover of the wires or cannulas in the process. Bend the end of the wires to hold them in place.Push the cannulas through their respective holes in the core being careful to avoid bending or crossing between them until the free end of each cannula is at least two millimeters outside the upper end of the tetrode hole. Secure the spacer by screwing the nut onto the core being careful to prevent the spacer from rotating. Apply a drop of very dilute dental cement from the top of the core onto the junction of the cannulas to secure their relative positions.Cut the guide wires from the soldered end of the bundle and remove them from the cannulas by retracting from the free end. Load the microdrives slowly and carefully onto each threaded rod of the core. Confirm that the 23 gauge microdrive cannula goes into the tetrode hole smoothly, the 30 gauge guide cannula goes into the 23 gauge microdrive cannula smoothly, and the shuttle bolt turn smoothly along the threaded rod.Screw the microdrives down to one to 1.5 millimeters above the lower end of the threaded rods. Then cut 18 pieces of polyamide tubing into 43 millimeter segments which is the length of the guide cannula bundle plus seven millimeters. Clean each tube with a 0.8 millimeter diameter steel wire.Invert the core, insert the polyamide tubes carefully into the guide cannulas from the soldered end and push them all the way in. Then flip the core upright and glue the upper end of the polyamide tube onto the microdrive cannula with thick super glue. Place the core upside down and let the glue dry for 15 minutes.After drying, cut the extra polyamide tubing at the upper end leaving 0.5 to one millimeter outside the microdrive cannula. To assemble the ground wires, first cut lengths of 25 to 30 millimeters from coated steel wire. Then strip two millimeters of the plastic insulation from both tips of the wires and insert one end of each into both sides of a six to eight millimeter long 30 gauge cannula.Flatten this end of each cannula to secure the connection to their respective wires. Finally, insert the round end of the 30 gauge cannula into the upper end of the ground wire cannula in the core and press to make the insertion tight. Then complete assembly of the multi-tetrode hyperdrive according to the instructions in the written protocol.This scatter plot shows the relationship between peak to peak amplitudes of spikes recorded from two electrodes of a tetrode located in the post rhinal cortex. Each dot corresponds to one spike. Clusters of spikes are likely to originate from the same cell.Four clusters are color coded as seen here. The mean spike waveforms from all four tetrode channels of the color coded cells shown in the previous scatter plot are seen here. Traces of local field potential in the theta frequency range recorded simultaneously from four different tetrodes located in the medial entorhinal cortex when the rat was freely foraging are seen here.While attempting this procedure, it's important to work with precision throughout the entire procedure to ensure that all parts fit together properly. Also use care and wear proper PPE when working with the demo tool to avoid injury. After watching this video, you should have a good understanding of how to construct these improved hyperdrives carrying multiple tetrodes for chronic neuro recordings in behaving rats.

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Design and Construction of a Cost Effective Headstage for Simultaneous Neural Stimulation and Recording in the Water Maze

Concepção e Construção de um Headstage Custo Efetivo de Estimulação Neural Simultânea e Gravação no labirinto aquático

Headstage preamplifiers and source followers are commonly used to study neural activity in behavioral neurophysiology experiments. Available commercial ...

Neurociência

Recording Large-scale Neuronal Ensembles with Silicon Probes in the Anesthetized Rat

Gravação em grande escala Ensembles Neuronal com Sondas Silício na rato anestesiado

Large scale electrophysiological recordings from neuronal ensembles offer the opportunity to investigate how the brain orchestrates the wide variety of ...

Large-scale Recording of Neurons by Movable Silicon Probes in Behaving Rodents

Em larga escala de gravação de Neurônios por sondas de silicone móveis em Comportando Roedores

A major challenge in neuroscience is linking behavior to the collective activity of neural assemblies. Understanding of input-output relationships of ...

Preparation of an Awake Mouse for Recording Neural Responses and Injecting Tracers

Preparação de um mouse Awake para gravar as respostas neurais e injetando Tracers

It is well known that anesthesia alters neural response properties in various regions of the brain.13.  In the auditory system, fundamental response ...

Design and Assembly of an Ultra-light Motorized Microdrive for Chronic Neural Recordings in Small Animals

Concepção e montagem de um Microdrive Ultra-leve motorizada para doenças crônicas Recordings Neurais em Pequenos Animais

The ability to chronically record from populations of neurons in freely behaving animals has proven an invaluable tool for dissecting the function of ...

Multi-unit Recording Methods to Characterize Neural Activity in the Locust (Schistocerca Americana) Olfactory Circuits

Multi-unit Recording Methods to Characterize Neural Activity in the Locust Schistocerca Americana Olfactory Circuits

Multi-unidade Métodos de gravação para caracterizar a atividade neural no Locust (<em&gt; Schistocerca Americana</em&gt;) Circuitos olfatórias

Detection and interpretation of olfactory cues are critical for the survival  of many organisms. Remarkably, species across phyla have strikingly similar ...

Neural Circuit Recording from an Intact Cockroach Nervous System

Neural Circuit gravação de um Sistema Nervoso Barata Intacta

The cockroach ventral nerve cord preparation is a tractable system for neuroethology experiments, neural network modeling, and testing the physiological ...

Electrophysiological Method for Recording Intracellular Voltage Responses of Drosophila Photoreceptors and Interneurons to Light Stimuli In Vivo

Electrophysiological Method for Recording Intracellular Voltage Responses of Drosophila Photoreceptors and Interneurons to Light Stimuli In Vivo

Método eletrofisiológico para respostas gravação intracelular de tensão<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Fotorreceptores e Interneurônios à luz Estímulos<em&gt; In Vivo</em

Voltage responses of insect photoreceptors and visual interneurons can be accurately recorded with conventional sharp microelectrodes. The method ...

Recording Spatially Restricted Oscillations in the Hippocampus of Behaving Mice

Gravação espacialmente restrita oscilações no hipocampo de ratos de comportar-se

The local field potential (LFP) emerges from ion movements across neural membranes. Since the voltage recorded by LFP electrodes reflects the summed ...