Name: a rapid and facile pipeline for generating genomic point mutants in c. elegans using crispr/cas9 ribonucleoproteins
Uploaded: 2018-04-30T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Rapid and Facile Pipeline for Generating Genomic Point Mutants in C. elegans Using CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins at JoVE.com

没有与本报告有关的利益冲突。

所有动物关心和实验规程跟随了指南从国立卫生研究院和机构动物关心和使用委员会 (IACUC) 在密执安大学。在整个协议中使用无 RNase 的解决方案和吸管提示。按照制造商指南 (请参阅材料表), 清洁工作区、吸管、管子和离心机, RNase 净化解决方案。
1. sgRNA 目标选择
<ol><li>使用 web 浏览器打开网页: http://crispor.tefor.net8<ol>
<li>输入 ~ 60 基对 (bp) 的序...

<ol>
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D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+Balanced+Look+at+the+Implications+of+Genomic+(and+Other+&amp;#34;Omics&amp;#34;)+Testing+for+Disease+Diagnosis+and+Clinical+Care.">A Balanced Look at the Implications of Genomic (and Other &amp;#34;Omics&amp;#34;) Testing for Disease Diagnosis and Clinical Care.</a> Genes (Basel). 5, 748-766 (2014).</li><li>Saccon, R. A., Bunton-Stasyshyn, R. K., Fisher, E. 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CRISPR-Cas9 系统是精确修改模型生物体基因组的有力而有效的工具。在这里, 我们演示了嵌合体 sgRNAs20与 ssODN HDR 模板结合在一起, 使得在C. 线虫中高效地生成基因组点突变。重要的是, 我们表明, RNP 交付产生高编辑效率时, 荧光作为一个联合选择标记, 突出的易用性和可靠性的技术。
C. 线虫基因组工程的大多数 CRISPR-Cas9 方法都依赖于特定的遗传背?...

最近的技术进步已经从根本上改变并加速了精确地设计基因组的能力。特别是, 依靠 RNA 引导的限制性 Cas9 在目标序列附近诱导双链断裂 (CRISPR-Cas9) 的系统, 已被广泛地用于精确地设计大多数模型生物体的基因组, 用于生物医学研究1,2,3,4。重要的是, 即使在诸如线虫5这样的困难物种中, CRISPR-Cas9 的使用也没有锁定基因组编辑。无论物种, 产生点突变与基于 CRISPR-Cas9 的基因组编辑系统依赖于三核心组件: 1) Cas9 限制性, 2) 一个单一的指南 RNA (sgRNA), 指示 Cas9 限制性到目标序列, 3) 用户设计同源定向修复 (HDR) 模板, 其中包含所需的感兴趣的编辑2。
有几种方法可用于将靶向 sgRNA 和 Cas9 核酸酶引入细胞, 包括质粒、RNA 和基于病毒的传递方法 6.最近, 在 CRISPR-Cas9-based 基因组编辑7中, 直接交付预复合 sgRNA-Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) 已成为一个强大而有效的工具。预复杂 CRISPR-Cas9 RNPs 的直接传递有几个明显的优点, 即: 1) RNPs 绕过细胞转录和翻译的需要, 2) RNPs 迅速清除, 这可能会增加特异性通过减少可用时间离靶解理和 3) RNPs 不包含外来的 DNA/RNA 元素, 通过随机积分绕过非本机序列引入宿主基因组。在一起, 这些属性可能会提供一个短暂的 CRISPR 的目标编辑, 同时尽量减少目标效果。
我们描述了一种简单有效的协议, 用于在C. 线虫中引入特定于站点的基因组变化。该协议包括目标 sgRNA 和单链寡核苷酸 (ssODN) HDR 模板设计, sgRNA-Cas9 RNP 络合和交付, 以及一个基因分型策略, 以明确识别正确编辑的动物。使用此策略, 不仅可以恢复所需的站点特定更改, 而且还可以恢复其他非特定的 indel 突变。因此, 我们的策略允许使用单一的策略生成一个二等位序列, 在这个方法中, 可以在 F1生成中生成单位、双位和 indel 突变体。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1144">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:359px;">CRISPRevolution sgRNA&#160; EZ Kit</td>
			<td style="width:216px;">Synthego Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:344px;"></td>
			<td style="width:227px;">chimeric sgRNA</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Nuclease-free TE</td>
			<td>Synthego Inc.</td>
			<td>provided with the sgRNA kit EZ kit</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Nuclease-free water</td>
			<td>Synthego Inc.</td>
			<td>provided with the sgRNA kit EZ kit</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">4 nmole Ultramer DNA Oligo</td>
			<td>Integrated DNA Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>ssODN HDR template</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Alt-R S.p. HiFi Cas9 Nuclease 3NLS</td>
			<td>Integrated DNA Technologies</td>
			<td>1078728</td>
			<td>Cas9 protein</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">pCFJ90&#160;</td>
			<td>Addgene</td>
			<td>19327</td>
			<td>Pmyo-2::mCherry Marker Plasmid</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">KCl</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P5405</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">HEPES</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>H4034</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">DNA Clean &#38; Concentrator</td>
			<td>Zymo Research</td>
			<td>D4004</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Zymoclean Gel DNA Recovery Kit</td>
			<td>Zymo Research</td>
			<td>D4002</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Q5 Hot Start High-Fidelity 2X Master Mix</td>
			<td>New England Biolabs</td>
			<td>M0494L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Proteinase K</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P2308</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Glass Borosilicate Glass Micropipettes</td>
			<td>Sutter Instruments</td>
			<td>BF100-78-10</td>
			<td>OD: 1.0mm. ID: 0.78mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Trizma Hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T5941</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">MgCl2</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>M2393</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">NP-40</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>74385</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Tween-20</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>BP337-100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">RNaseZap Decontamination Solution</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>AM9780</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a rapid and facile pipeline for generating genomic point mutants in c. elegans using crispr/cas9 ribonucleoproteins

聚簇定期穿插回文重复 (CRISPR)-CRISPR 相关蛋白 9 (Cas9) 原核自适应免疫防御系统已被联合选择作为一个强大的工具, 精确的真核基因组工程。在这里, 我们提出了一个快速和简单的方法, 使用嵌合体单导 rna (sgRNA) 和 CRISPR-Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins (RNPs), 以有效和精确地产生基因组点突变的C. 线虫。我们描述了一个 sgRNA 目标选择的管道, 同源定向修复 (HDR) 模板设计, CRISPR-Cas9-RNP 络合和交付, 以及一个基因分型策略, 使正确编辑的动物的健壮和快速识别。我们的方法不仅允许简单的生成和识别所需的基因突变动物, 而且还有助于在大约 4-5 天内检测其他复杂的 indel 等位基因, 效率高, 筛选工作量减少。

人类超氧化物歧化酶 1 (SOD1) 的突变占家庭肌萎缩侧索硬化症的 10-20%, 这是一种破坏性的神经退行性疾病, 总是导致瘫痪和死亡17。人类 SOD-1 是一个进化保守的蛋白质共享55% 的身份和70% 相似性与线虫SOD-1 蛋白 (图 1B)。为了演示 CRISPR-Cas9 RNP 方法的简便性、可行性和有效性, 我们针对sod-1 线虫基因引入了蠕虫基因组?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Rapid and Facile Pipeline for Generating Genomic Point Mutants in C. elegans Using CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins at JoVE.com

A Rapid and Facile Pipeline for Generating Genomic Point Mutants in C. elegans Using CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins

利用 CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins 快速简便地生成线虫基因组点突变体的管道

在这里, 我们提出了一个方法, 以工程的基因组的C. 线虫使用 CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoproteins 和同源依赖修复模板。

The clustered regularly interspersed palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) prokaryotic adaptive immune defense system has been ...

The overall goal of this procedure is to generate genomic point mutations in C.Elegans using single stranded oligonucleotide homology directed repair templates and CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoproteins. This method can help answer key questions in the neuroscience field such as determining the pathological consequences of genetic variance associated with neurodegenerative disease. The main advantage of this technique is that genomic point mutations can be generated rapidly allowing for the functional study of genetic variance within the context of endoginous regulatory control while avoiding the caveats of protein overexpression.To carry out sgRNA target selection, open up the webpage shown here. Input approximately 60 base pairs of sequence flanking the desired edit of interest. After selecting the C.Elegans genome and the protospacer adjacent motif according to the text protocol, click submit.On the results page, choose the top ranked target sequence closest to the edit of interest. Upon receipt, centrifuge the lyophilized sgRNA containing tube at room temperature and at least 12, 000 g for one minute. Add 60 microliters of nuclease free TE to the tube and use a p200 pipette to gently resuspend by pipetting up and down 15 to 20 times.The final concentration is 50 micromolar. Design an ssODN HDR template containing the mutation of interest, a unique in frame restriction endonuclease site, a silent mutation of one or both of the Gs within the NGG PAM sequence and 50 base pair five prime and three prime homology arms flanking the first and last mutation. Upon receipt, centrifuge the lyophilized ssODN containing tube as just demonstrated then use nuclease free DD H20 to gently resuspend ssODN to a final concentration of 100 micromolar.To prepare an injection mix, centrifuge the reagents shown here at maximum speed and four degrees celsius for two minutes. In the order listed, add the reagents to a nuclease free PCR tube. Then use a p20 pipette to gently and thoroughly mix the contents.Incubate the tube at room temperature for ten minutes. After injecting P0 animals according to the text protocol, allow them to recover at room temperature for one to two hours on an OP50 seeded 35 millimeter NGM plate. Subsequently using a platinum wire worm pick transfer single injected P0 animals to individual OP50 seeded 35 millimeter NGM plates.Two days post injection use a fluorescent microscope to identify P0 plates containing F1 progeny, expressing mCherry in the pharynx. Choose three P0 plates that contain the most mCherry positive F1 animals. From each of the three selected P0 plates use a worm pick to single eight to 12 mCherry positive F1 animals for a total of 24 to 36 mCherry positive F1s.Allow individual F1s to self fertilize and lay eggs at room temperature for one to two days. After one to two days of egg laying, use a worm pick to transfer the F1s into individual PCR strip tube caps containing seven microliters of worm lysis buffer. Centrifuge the PCR tubes at maximum speed and room temperature for one minute to bring the animals to the bottom of the tube.Then freeze the tubes at negative 80 degrees celsius for one hour. Next lyse frozen worms in a thermocycler using the following program. Then set up a PCR master mix as shown in this table.Add 21 microliters of PCR master mix into clean PCR tubes then add four microliters of the worm lysis tube and mix well by pipetting. Then run the PCR program following the manufacturer's guidelines. Purify the PCR reactions using a DNA clean and concentrate kit following the manufacturer's instructions.Then dilute the DNA by adding 10 microliters of water to the spin column. After setting up the restriction enzyme master mix add 10 microliters to each cleaned PCR reaction and incubate the tubes at 37 degrees celsius for one to two hours. Then separate the digested PCR products on a 1.5%agarose gel using 1x TAE buffer at 120 volts.Examine enzyme digested samples for the presence of bands that indicate potential edited animals. After identifying potential edited animals use the remaining three microliters of worm lysis and repeat the PCR. Then immediately load the completed reactions on a 1%agarose gel before separating and extracting the band using a gel extraction kit.Using the F1 primer carry out Sanger sequencing to identify correctly edited animals. Finally to obtain homozygous animals from verified heterozygous edited animals, single eight to 12 F2 animals and carry out genotyping and sequence verification according to the text protocol. To demonstrate the simplicity, feasibility, and efficiency of the CRISPR/Cas9 RNP based approach, the C.Elegans sod-1 gene was targeted to introduce the disease associated human G93a variant in the worm genome.This gel image shows the genotyping results for 24 mCherry positive F1 animals. 10 contained monoallylic or biallylic modification, 10 were wild type, three were potential indels, and one was a PCR failure. To demonstrate that the fluorescent mCherry marker enriches for genome modification, eight mCherry negative animals from each of the three P0 plates were picked.Only one animal was correctly modified whereas 23 were wild type. This figure shows the chromatogram from the full length gel extracted PCR product demonstrating that the precise nucleotide changes designed in the ssODN HDR template were faithfully incorporated into the genome of this homozygous F1 animal. Once mastered, this technique can be utilized to generate and identify genomic point mutations in C.Elegans in four to five days if it is performed properly.While attempting this procedure it's important to remember to use nucleus free reagents and techniques including RNase free water, filter pipette tips, and gloves. Following this procedure, cellular, molecular, and behavioral assays can be performed in order to investigate phenotypes that may associate with the mutation of interest. After watching this video you should have a good understanding of how to precisely generate genomic point mutations in C.Elegans using chimeric single guide RNase and CRISPR/Cas9 ribonuclearproteins.

Research

JoVE Journal

Genetics

A Rapid and Facile Pipeline for Generating Genomic Point Mutants in C. elegans Using CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins

Optogenetic Random Mutagenesis Using Histone-miniSOG in C. elegans

Optogenetic Random Mutagenesis Using Histone-miniSOG in C. elegans

光遗传学随机突变用组蛋白miniSOG在<em&gt;℃。线虫</em

Forward genetic screening in model organisms is the workhorse to discover functionally important genes and pathways in many biological processes. In most ...

科研

遗传学

Using a Fluorescent PCR-capillary Gel Electrophoresis Technique to Genotype CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Knockout Mutants in a High-throughput Format

用荧光PCR毛细管电泳技术在基因型CRISPR / Cas9介导的敲除突变体的高通量形式

The development of programmable genome-editing tools has facilitated the use of reverse genetics to understand the roles specific genomic sequences play ...

Selection-dependent and Independent Generation of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Gene Knockouts in Mammalian Cells

选择依赖和独立生成CRISPR / Cas9介导的哺乳动物细胞基因敲除

The CRISPR/Cas9 genome engineering system has revolutionized biology by allowing for precise genome editing with little effort. Guided by a single guide ...

Primordial Germ Cell Transplantation for CRISPR/Cas9-based Leapfrogging in Xenopus

Primordial Germ Cell Transplantation for CRISPR/Cas9-based Leapfrogging in Xenopus

CRISPR/Cas9-based 跳跃的原始生殖细胞移植在爪

The creation of mutant lines by genome editing is accelerating genetic analysis in many organisms. CRISPR/Cas9 methods have been adapted for use in the ...

A Standard Methodology to Examine On-site Mutagenicity As a Function of Point Mutation Repair Catalyzed by CRISPR/Cas9 and SsODN in Human Cells

CRISPR/Cas9 和 SsODN 在人细胞中催化点突变修复功能的标准方法研究

Combinatorial gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 and single-stranded oligonucleotides is an effective strategy for the correction of single-base point ...

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Targeted Integration In Vivo Using a Homology-mediated End Joining-based Strategy

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Targeted Integration In Vivo Using a Homology-mediated End Joining-based Strategy

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated 目标集成在体内使用基于同源介导的端接连接策略

As a promising genome editing platform, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has great potential for efficient genetic manipulation, especially for targeted integration ...

Highly Efficient Gene Disruption of Murine and Human Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells by CRISPR/Cas9

CRISPR/Cas9 对小鼠和人造血祖细胞的高效基因破坏

Advances in the hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) field have been aided by methods to genetically engineer primary progenitor cells as well as animal models. ...

CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing to Make Conditional Mutants of Human Malaria Parasite P. falciparum

CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing to Make Conditional Mutants of Human Malaria Parasite P. falciparum

CRISPR/Cas9 基因编辑制作人类疟疾寄生虫的条件突变体

Malaria is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This disease, which primarily affects those living in tropical and subtropical ...

Endogenous Protein Tagging in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using CRISPR/Cas9

CRISPR/Cas9 诱导人多潜能干细胞内源蛋白标记的应用

A protocol is presented for generating human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) that express endogenous proteins fused to in-frame&#160;N- or ...

Generation of Defined Genomic Modifications Using CRISPR-CAS9 in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

在人类多能干细胞中使用CRISPR-CAS9生成定义的基因组修饰

Human pluripotent stem cells offer a powerful system to study gene function and model specific mutations relevant to disease. The generation of precise ...