Name: adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of crispr for cardiac gene editing in mice
Uploaded: 2018-08-02T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Delivery of CRISPR for Cardiac Gene Editing in Mice at JoVE.com

R.H. é suportado pelo U.S. National Institutes of subsídios saúde (R01HL116546 e AR064241 R01).

Os animais utilizados neste protocolo foram mantidos no estado com recursos de animais de laboratório Universidade The Ohio em conformidade com as diretrizes de uso de animais. Todos os estudos em animais foram autorizados pelo institucional Cuidado Animal, uso e o Comitê de revisão da Ohio State University.
1. design e clonagem de gRNAs no vetor CRISPR
<ol><li>Selecione 2 gRNAs segmentação distrofina intron 20 e intrão 23 (i20 e i23) para SaCas9: i20: 5'-GGGCGTTGAAATTCTCATTAC CAGA...

<ol>
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Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prevention+of+muscular+dystrophy+in+mice+by+CRISPR/Cas9-mediated+editing+of+germline+DNA.">Prevention of muscular dystrophy in mice by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of germline DNA.</a> Science. 345, 1184-1188 (2014).</li><li>Nelson, C. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+genome+editing+improves+muscle+function+in+a+mouse+model+of+Duchenne+muscular+dystrophy.">In vivo genome editing improves muscle function in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.</a> Science. 351, 403-407 (2016).</li><li>Ousterout, D. G. K., Thakore, A. M., Majoros, P. I., Reddy, T. E. W. H., Gersbach, C. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multiplex+CRISPR/Cas9-based+genome+editing+for+correction+of+dystrophin+mutations+that+cause+Duchenne+muscular+dystrophy.">Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing for correction of dystrophin mutations that cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy.</a> Nat Commun. 6, 6244 (2015).</li><li>Tabebordbar, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+gene+editing+in+dystrophic+mouse+muscle+and+muscle+stem+cells.">In vivo gene editing in dystrophic mouse muscle and muscle stem cells.</a> Science. 351, 407-411 (2016).</li><li>Bengtsson, N. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Muscle-specific+CRISPR/Cas9+dystrophin+gene+editing+ameliorates+pathophysiology+in+a+mouse+model+for+Duchenne+muscular+dystrophy.">Muscle-specific CRISPR/Cas9 dystrophin gene editing ameliorates pathophysiology in a mouse model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.</a> Nat Commun. 8, 14454 (2017).</li><li>Hoffman, E. P., Brown, R. H., Kunkel, L. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dystrophin:+the+protein+product+of+the+Duchenne+muscular+dystrophy+locus.">Dystrophin: the protein product of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus.</a> Cell. 51, 919-928 (1987).</li><li>Nowak, K. J., Davies, K. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Duchenne+muscular+dystrophy+and+dystrophin:+pathogenesis+and+opportunities+for+treatment.">Duchenne muscular dystrophy and dystrophin: pathogenesis and opportunities for treatment.</a> EMBO reports. 5, 872-876 (2004).</li><li>Mendell, J. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evidence-based+path+to+newborn+screening+for+Duchenne+muscular+dystrophy.">Evidence-based path to newborn screening for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.</a> Annals of neurology. 71, 304-313 (2012).</li><li>Mendell, J. R., Lloyd-Puryear, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Report+of+MDA+muscle+disease+symposium+on+newborn+screening+for+Duchenne+muscular+dystrophy.">Report of MDA muscle disease symposium on newborn screening for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.</a> Muscle Nerve. 48, 21-26 (2013).</li><li>Spurney, C. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cardiomyopathy+of+Duchenne+muscular+dystrophy:+current+understanding+and+future+directions.">Cardiomyopathy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: current understanding and future directions.</a> Muscle Nerve. 44, 8-19 (2011).</li><li>Moriuchi, T., Kagawa, N., Mukoyama, M., Hizawa, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Autopsy+analyses+of+the+muscular+dystrophies.">Autopsy analyses of the muscular dystrophies.</a> Tokushima J Exp Med. 40, 83-93 (1993).</li><li>McNally, E. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=New+approaches+in+the+therapy+of+cardiomyopathy+in+muscular+dystrophy.">New approaches in the therapy of cardiomyopathy in muscular dystrophy.</a> Annual review of medicine. 58, 75-88 (2007).</li><li>Baker, D. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Approvals,+Submission,+and+Important+Labeling+Changes+for+US+Marketed+Pharmaceuticals.">Approvals, Submission, and Important Labeling Changes for US Marketed Pharmaceuticals.</a> Hosp Pharm. 52, 306-307 (2013).</li><li>Baker, D. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Eteplirsen.">Eteplirsen.</a> Hosp Pharm. 52, 302-305 (2017).</li><li>Sicinski, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+molecular+basis+of+muscular+dystrophy+in+the+mdx+mouse:+a+point+mutation.">The molecular basis of muscular dystrophy in the mdx mouse: a point mutation.</a> Science. 244, 1578-1580 (1989).</li><li>Xu, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=CRISPR-mediated+Genome+Editing+Restores+Dystrophin+Expression+and+Function+in+mdx+Mice.">CRISPR-mediated Genome Editing Restores Dystrophin Expression and Function in mdx Mice.</a> Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy. 24, 564-569 (2016).</li><li>El Refaey, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+Vivo+Genome+Editing+Restores+Dystrophin+Expression+and+Cardiac+Function+in+Dystrophic+Mice.">In Vivo Genome Editing Restores Dystrophin Expression and Cardiac Function in Dystrophic Mice.</a> Circ Res. 121, 923-929 (2017).</li><li>Tabebordbar, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+gene+editing+in+dystrophic+mouse+muscle+and+muscle+stem+cells.">In vivo gene editing in dystrophic mouse muscle and muscle stem cells.</a> Science. 351, 407-411 (2016).</li><li>Pozsgai, E. R., Griffin, D. A., Heller, K. N., Mendell, J. R., Rodino-Klapac, L. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=beta-Sarcoglycan+gene+transfer+decreases+fibrosis+and+restores+force+in+LGMD2E+mice.">beta-Sarcoglycan gene transfer decreases fibrosis and restores force in LGMD2E mice.</a> Gene therapy. 23, 57-66 (2016).</li><li>Chicoine, L. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Plasmapheresis+eliminates+the+negative+impact+of+AAV+antibodies+on+microdystrophin+gene+expression+following+vascular+delivery.">Plasmapheresis eliminates the negative impact of AAV antibodies on microdystrophin gene expression following vascular delivery.</a> Mol Ther. 22, 338-347 (2014).</li><li>Chicoine, L. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Vascular+delivery+of+rAAVrh74.MCK.GALGT2+to+the+gastrocnemius+muscle+of+the+rhesus+macaque+stimulates+the+expression+of+dystrophin+and+laminin+alpha2+surrogates.">Vascular delivery of rAAVrh74.MCK.GALGT2 to the gastrocnemius muscle of the rhesus macaque stimulates the expression of dystrophin and laminin alpha2 surrogates.</a> Mol Ther. 22, 713-724 (2014).</li><li>Vouillot, L., Thelie, A., Pollet, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+T7E1+and+surveyor+mismatch+cleavage+assays+to+detect+mutations+triggered+by+engineered+nucleases.">Comparison of T7E1 and surveyor mismatch cleavage assays to detect mutations triggered by engineered nucleases.</a> G3. 5, 407-415 (2015).</li><li>Tsai, S. 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Neste protocolo, detalhamos todas as etapas necessárias para alcançar na vivo cardíaca gene edição no pós-natal ratos usando entrega mediada por rAAVrh.74 de SaCas9 e dois gRNAs. Como já observado, esta abordagem pode ser usada para restaurar a expressão da distrofina em camundongos distróficos, conforme descrito em nosso trabalho27, mas isso também poderia permitir estudos de genética reversa rápida de genes relacionados ao cardíaco em camundongos sem o longo processo do abo...

A cluster, regularmente intercalada, curta palíndromo repetição (CRISPR) tecnologia representa o mais recente avanço na engenharia de genoma e revolucionou a prática atual da genética em células e organismos. Edição baseada em CRISPR genoma utiliza um guia único RNA (gRNA) para direcionar uma endonuclease CRISPR associadas tais como proteínas associadas CRISPR 9 (Cas9) e Cpf1 para um alvo de DNA genômico complementar em sequência para o protospacer codificada pela gRNA com um protospacer específico motivo adjacentes (PAM)1,2. O PAM varia dependendo da espécie bacteriana do gene Cas9 ou Cpf1. O mais comumente usado nuclease Cas9 derivado de Streptococcus pyogenes (SpCas9) reconhece uma sequência de PAM de NGG que encontra-se diretamente a jusante da sequência alvo no DNA genômico, na vertente não-alvo. No local de destino, as proteínas Cas9 e Cpf1 geram uma ruptura da dobro-Costa (DSB), que então é reparada via intrínsecos mecanismos reparação DNA celulares, incluindo não-homóloga final juntando (NHEJ) e reparação de homologia-dirigido (HDR) vias3, 4. Na ausência de um modelo de DNA para recombinação homóloga, ORL é reparado principalmente por via NHEJ propenso a erro, que pode resultar em inserções ou exclusões (puntuais) de nucleotídeos, causando mutações frameshift se o ORL foram criado na codificação região de um gene5,6. Assim, o sistema CRISPR amplamente serviu para engenheiro-perda da função de mutações em vários modelos de celulares e organismos de todo, a fim de investigar a função de um gene. Além disso, o Cas9 cataliticamente inactiva e Cpf1 têm sido desenvolvidos para transcricionalmente e epigenetically modulam a expressão de genes de alvo7,8.
Mais recentemente, tanto SpCas9 e SaCas9 (derivado de Staphylococcus aureus) foram embalados em vetores de vírus adeno-associado recombinante (rAAV) para correção do gene pós-natal no modelo animal de doenças humanas, particularmente, Duchenne distrofia muscular (de Duchenne DMD)9,10,11,12,13,14,15. DMD é uma doença fatal e ligada ao X recessiva causada por mutações no gene DMD , que codifica a distrofina proteína16,17, afetando aproximadamente 1 em 3500 nascimentos masculinos de acordo com o teste do pezinho18 , 19. é caracterizada por fraqueza muscular progressiva e a perder. Os pacientes DMD geralmente perdem a habilidade de andar entre 10 e 12 anos de idade e morrem de insuficiência respiratória e/ou cardíaca com a idade de 20-30 anos20. Notavelmente, cardiomiopatia desenvolve em > 90% dos pacientes DMD e representa a principal causa de morte em pacientes DMD21,22. Embora o Deflazacort (um medicamento anti-inflamatório) e Eteplirsen (um exon saltando de medicina para saltar o exon 51) recentemente foram aprovados para DMD pelo Food and Drug Administration (FDA)23,24, nenhum destes tratamentos corrigi o defeito genético no nível do DNA genômico. O mdx mouse, que transporta uma mutação pontual no exon 23 do gene da distrofina, tem sido amplamente utilizado como um DMD modelo25. Além disso, temos demonstrado anteriormente que a expressão de distrofina funcional foi restaurada por exclusão em-frame do DNA genômico cobrindo exões, 21, 22 e 23 em músculos esqueléticos de camundongos mdx usando intramuscular entrega de Ad-SpCas9/gRNA9 e dos músculos do coração de camundongos mdx/Utrofina+ /- usando intraperitoneal e intravenosa entrega de rAAVrh.74-SaCas9/gRNA26.
Neste protocolo, descrevemos em detalhe cada etapa no gene cardíaca pós-natal de edição para restaurar a distrofina em camundongos mdx/Utrofina+ /- usando vetores de rAAVrh.74-SaCas9/gRNA, desde a concepção de gRNA para análise de distrofina nas seções de músculo do coração.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Alexa Fluor 555 goat anti-rabbit IgG</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A-21428</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Benzonase Nuclease</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>E1014</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bio Safety Cabinets</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>1347</td>
			<td>1300 Series A2 Class II, Type A2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BsaI</td>
			<td>New England BioLabs Inc</td>
			<td>RO535S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Competent cells</td>
			<td>Agilent Technologies</td>
			<td>200314</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cell culture dishes, 150mm</td>
			<td>Nest Scientific USA</td>
			<td>715001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cryostat</td>
			<td>Leica Biosystems</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Leica CM3050S</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>MT10017CV</td>
			<td>Corning cellgro</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dystrophin antibody</td>
			<td>Spring Bioscience</td>
			<td>E2660</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fast-Ion Midi Plasmdi Kits</td>
			<td>IBI Scientific</td>
			<td>IB47111</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FBS</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>26-140-079</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Filter Unit, 0.45&#956;m</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>166-0045</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>GoTaq Master Mixes</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>M7122</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High-speed plasmid mini kit</td>
			<td>IBI Scientific</td>
			<td>IB47102</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Horse serum</td>
			<td>Abcam</td>
			<td>ab139501</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isotemp 2239 Water Bath</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>15-460-11Q</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isotemp Heat Block</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>11-718</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Inverted confocal microscope</td>
			<td>Carl Zeiss Microscopy, LLC</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>LSM 780</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LightCycler 480 instrument</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>5015243001</td>
			<td>LightCycler 480 Instrument II</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Large Capacity Centrifuge</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>46-910</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific Sorvall RC 6 Plus</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microcentrifuge</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>75002445</td>
			<td>Sorvall Legend Micro 21R</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nanodrop spectrophotometers</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>ND2000CLAPTOP</td>
			<td>NanoDrop&#8482; 2000/2000c</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oligos for i20-F</td>
			<td>Integrated DNA Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>CACCgGGCGTTGAAATTCTCATTAC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oligos for i20-R</td>
			<td>Integrated DNA Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>AAAC GTAATGAGAATTTCAACGCCc;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oligos for i23-F</td>
			<td>Integrated DNA Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>CACCgCACCGATGAGAGGGAAAGGTC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oligos for i23-R</td>
			<td>Integrated DNA Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>GACCTTTCCCTCTCATCGGTGc</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oligos</td>
			<td>Integrated DNA Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>OptiPrep Density Gradient Medium</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>D1556-250ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>OptiMEM</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>31985070</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PEG8000</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>89510-1kg-F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polyethylenimine</td>
			<td>Polysciences</td>
			<td>23966</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Proteinase K</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P2308</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Quick-Seal centrifuge tube</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter Inc</td>
			<td>342414</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>QIAquick Gel Extraction kit</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td>28704</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Radiant SYBR Green Hi-ROX qPCR Kits</td>
			<td>Alkali Scientific</td>
			<td>QS2005</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RevertAid RT Reverse Transcription Kit</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>K1691</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rotor</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter Inc</td>
			<td>337922</td>
			<td>Type 70Ti</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>T4 DNA ligase</td>
			<td>New England BioLabs Inc</td>
			<td>M0202S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermal Cycler</td>
			<td>Bio-rad</td>
			<td>1861096</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TRIzol Reagent</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>15596026</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultracentrifuge</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter Inc</td>
			<td>8043-30-1192</td>
			<td>Optima le-80k</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultra centrifugal filter unit</td>
			<td>MilliporeSigma</td>
			<td>UFC510096</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>VECTASHIELD Mounting Medium with DAPI</td>
			<td>Vector Laboratories, Inc</td>
			<td>H-1200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of crispr for cardiac gene editing in mice

O sistema (CRISPR) repetição clusterizado regularmente intercalado, curto, palíndromo tem facilitada engenharia do genoma em culturas de células e organismos vivos de uma grande variedade de espécies. A tecnologia CRISPR também tem sido explorada como romance terapêuticas para um número de doenças humanas. Dados de prova de conceito são altamente animadores, como exemplificado por estudos recentes que demonstram a viabilidade e a eficácia da abordagem terapêutica baseada em edição de gene para a distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD) usando um modelo murino. Em particular, a injeção intraperitoneal e intravenosa do sorotipo de vírus adeno-associado recombinante (rAAV) rh.74 (rAAVrh.74) permitiu cardíaca uma entrega eficiente de proteínas associadas CRISPR 9 o Staphylococcus aureus (SaCas9) e dois Guia de RNAs (gRNA) para excluir uma região genômica com um códon mutante no exon 23 do gene Dmd de rato. Esta mesma abordagem também pode ser usada para nocautear o gene de interesse e estudar sua função cardíaca em camundongos pós-natal quando a gRNA destina-se a região codificante do gene-alvo. Neste protocolo, mostramos em detalhes como engenheiro vector rAAVrh.74-CRISPR e como conseguir altamente eficiente entrega cardíaca em camundongos neonatais.

A eficácia do gRNAs para induzir a exclusão da região de DNA genômica de destino deve ser avaliada em culturas de células antes de empacotar em rAAV para estudos in vivo. Para este fim, o gRNAs e SaCas9-expressando construções foram electroporated em C2C12 de células e o DNA genômico foi analisado por PCR com primers flanqueando os sites de destino (Figura 1). Um produto PCR de ~ 500 bp indica exclusão bem-sucedida do DNA genômico alvo resultantes ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Delivery of CRISPR for Cardiac Gene Editing in Mice at JoVE.com

Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Delivery of CRISPR for Cardiac Gene Editing in Mice

Aqui nós fornecemos um protocolo detalhado para realizar na vivo edição de gene cardíaca em ratos usando recombinantes Adeno-Associated vírus (rAAV)-mediada entrega de CRISPR. Este protocolo oferece uma promissora estratégia terapêutica para tratar a cardiomiopatia distrófica em distrofia muscular de Duchenne e pode ser usado para gerar o nocaute cardíaco-específicas em ratos pós-natal.

Entrega de mediada por vírus adeno-associado de CRISPR para Gene cardíaco em ratos de edição

The clustered, regularly interspaced, short, palindromic repeat (CRISPR) system has greatly facilitated genome engineering in both cultured cells and ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

High-Efficiency Transduction of Liver Cancer Cells by Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 3 Vectors

De Alta Eficiência Transdução de células de câncer de fígado por recombinante sorotipo de vírus adeno-associado 3 Vetores

Recombinant vectors based on a non-pathogenic human parvovirus, the adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) have been developed, and are currently in use in a ...

Medicina

Establishment and Propagation of Human Retinoblastoma Tumors in Immune Deficient Mice

Estabelecimento e propagação de Tumores Humanos em Retinoblastoma Imune camundongos deficientes

Culturing retinoblastoma tumor cells in defined stem cell media gives rise to primary tumorspheres that can be grown and maintained for only a limited ...

Production and Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Cancers

Production and Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species ROS in Cancers

Produção e Detecção de Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio (ROS) em Câncer

Reactive oxygen species include a number of molecules that damage DNA and RNA and oxidize proteins and lipids (lipid peroxydation). These reactive ...

Cardiac Stress Test Induced by Dobutamine and Monitored by Cardiac Catheterization in Mice

Teste de estresse cardíaco induzido por dobutamina e Monitorado por cateterismo cardíaco em ratos

Dobutamine is a &beta;-adrenergic agonist with an affinity higher for receptor expressed in the heart (&beta;1) than for receptors expressed in the ...

An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies

Um modelo de cancro da bexiga para Ortotópico Gene Estudos de entrega

Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the urogenital tract and novel therapeutic approaches that can reduce recurrence and progression are ...

Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis

Ligadura do ducto biliar em ratos: Indução de Inflammatory Lesão hepática e fibrose por colestase obstrutiva

In most vertebrates, the liver produces bile that is necessary to emulsify absorbed fats and enable the digestion of lipids in the small intestine as well ...

Using Adeno-associated Virus as a Tool to Study Retinal Barriers in Disease

Usando vírus adeno-associado como uma ferramenta para o estudo da retina Barreiras na Doença

M&#252;ller cells are the principal glial cells of the retina. Their end-feet form the limits of the retina at the outer and inner limiting membranes ...

Development of an Alpha-synuclein Based Rat Model for Parkinson's Disease via Stereotactic Injection of a Recombinant Adeno-associated Viral Vector

Desenvolvimento de um modelo de rato baseada alfa-sinucleína para a doença de Parkinson por meio de injecção estereotáxica de um vector viral recombinante adeno-associado

In order to study the molecular pathways of Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) and to develop novel therapeutic strategies, scientific investigators rely on ...

Myocardial Infarction in Neonatal Mice, A Model of Cardiac Regeneration

Infarto do miocárdio em ratos neonatais, um modelo de regeneração cardíaca

Myocardial infarction induced by coronary artery ligation has been used in many animal models as a tool to study the mechanisms of cardiac repair and ...

Posterior Semicircular Canal Approach for Inner Ear Gene Delivery in Neonatal Mouse

Abordagem do Canal Semicircular posterior para a orelha interna Gene entrega no rato Neonatal

Inner ear gene therapy offers great promise as a potential treatment for hearing loss and dizziness. One of the critical determinants of the success of ...