Name: quantification of levator ani hiatus enlargement by magnetic resonance imaging in males and females with pelvic organ prolapse
Uploaded: 2019-04-17T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse at JoVE.com

提交人特别感谢护士保拉·加拉维洛和朱利亚·梅拉拉在检查期间提供的宝贵协助。

根据意大利放射学会的《国家准则》进行了涉及人体的程序
1. 患者准备
<ol><li>帮助患者填写一份表格, 提供有关其病史、当前症状、治疗 (医疗或手术) 以及先前的病历 (如果有的话) 的信息。</li>
	<li>在开始检查之前, 请征得每位患者的书面同意。</li>
	<li>事先清楚地解释了程序的特点和目的, 包括各种动作的表现, 如挤压、拉紧和直肠排空。</li>
	<li>提供有关手术的持续时间 (...

<ol>
	<li>DeLancey, J. O. L., Hurd, W. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Size+of+the+urogenital+hiatus+in+the+levator+ani+muscles+in+normal+women+and+women+with+pelvic+organ+prolapse.">Size of the urogenital hiatus in the levator ani muscles in normal women and women with pelvic organ prolapse.</a> Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology. 91 (3), 364-368 (1998).</li><li>Siproudhis, L., Ropert, A., Vilotte, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=How+accurate+is+clinical+examination+in+diagnosing+and+quantifying+pelvirectal+disorders?+A+prospective+study+in+a+group+of+50+patients+complaining+of+defecatory+difficulties.">How accurate is clinical examination in diagnosing and quantifying pelvirectal disorders? A prospective study in a group of 50 patients complaining of defecatory difficulties.</a> Diseases of the Colon &amp; Rectum. 36 (5), 430-438 (1993).</li><li>Maglinte, D. D. T., Kelvin, F. M., Fitzgerald, K., Hale, D. S., Benson, J. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Association+of+compartment+defects+in+pelvic+floor+dysfunction.">Association of compartment defects in pelvic floor dysfunction.</a> American Journal of Roentgenology. 172 (2), 439-444 (1999).</li><li>Dietz, H. P., Jarvis, S. K., Vancaillie, T. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+assessment+of+Levator+muscle+strength:+a+validation+of+three+ultrasound+techniques.">The assessment of Levator muscle strength: a validation of three ultrasound techniques.</a> International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction. 13 (3), 156-159 (2002).</li><li>Dietz, H. P., Shek, C., Clarcke, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biometry+of+the+pubovisceral+muscle+and+levator+hiatus+by+three-dimensional+pelvic+floor+ultrasound.">Biometry of the pubovisceral muscle and levator hiatus by three-dimensional pelvic floor ultrasound.</a> Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology. 25 (6), 580-585 (2005).</li><li>Yang, A., Mostwin, J. L., Rosenhein, N. B., Zerhouni, E. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pelvic+floor+descent+in+women:+dynamic+evaluation+with+fast+MR+imaging+and+cinematic+display.">Pelvic floor descent in women: dynamic evaluation with fast MR imaging and cinematic display.</a> Radiology. 179 (1), 25-33 (1991).</li><li>Lienemann, A., Anthuber, C., Baron, A., Kohz, P., Reiser, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dynamic+MR+colpocystorectography+assessing+pelvic+floor+descent.">Dynamic MR colpocystorectography assessing pelvic floor descent.</a> European Radiology. 7 (8), 1309-1317 (1997).</li><li>Healy, J. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Patterns+of+prolapse+in+women+with+symptoms+of+pelvic+floor+weakness:+assessment+with+MR+imaging.">Patterns of prolapse in women with symptoms of pelvic floor weakness: assessment with MR imaging.</a> Radiology. 203 (1), 77-81 (1997).</li><li>Comiter, C. V., Vasavada, S. P., Barbaric, Z. L., Gousse, A. E., Raz, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Grading+pelvic+prolapse+and+pelvic+floor+relaxation+using+dynamic+magnetic+resonance+imaging.">Grading pelvic prolapse and pelvic floor relaxation using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging.</a> Urology. 54 (3), 454-457 (1999).</li><li>Kelvin, F. M., Maglinte, D. D. T., Hale, D. S., Benson, J. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Female+pelvic+organ+prolapse:+a+comparison+of+triphasic+dynamic+MR+imaging+and+triphasic+fluoroscopic+cystocolpoproctography.">Female pelvic organ prolapse: a comparison of triphasic dynamic MR imaging and triphasic fluoroscopic cystocolpoproctography.</a> American Journal of Roentgenology. 174 (1), 81-88 (2000).</li><li>Pannu, H. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dynamic+MR+imaging+of+pelvis+organ+prolapse:+spectrum+of+abnormalities.">Dynamic MR imaging of pelvis organ prolapse: spectrum of abnormalities.</a> RadioGraphics. 20 (6), 1567-1582 (2000).</li><li>Hoyte, L., Ratiu, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Linear+measurements+in+2-dimen&#172;sional+pelvic+floor+imaging:+the+impact+of+slice+tilt+angles+on+measurement+reproducibility.">Linear measurements in 2-dimen&#172;sional pelvic floor imaging: the impact of slice tilt angles on measurement reproducibility.</a> American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 185 (3), 537-544 (2001).</li><li>Tunn, R., DeLancey, J. O. L., Quint, E. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Visibility+of+pelvic+organ+support+system+structures+in+magnetic+resonance+images+without+an+endovaginal+coil.">Visibility of pelvic organ support system structures in magnetic resonance images without an endovaginal coil.</a> American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 184 (6), 1156-1163 (2001).</li><li>Bump, R. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+standardization+of+terminology+of+female+pelvic+organ+prolapse+and+pelvic+floor+dysfunction.">The standardization of terminology of female pelvic organ prolapse and pelvic floor dysfunction.</a> American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 175 (1), 10-17 (1996).</li><li>Haylen, B. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+inter-national+Urogynecological+Association+(IUGA)+/+International+Continence+Society+(ICS)+Joint+Report+on+the+Terminology+for+Female+Pelvic+Floor+Dysfunction.">An inter-national Urogynecological Association (IUGA) / International Continence Society (ICS) Joint Report on the Terminology for Female Pelvic Floor Dysfunction.</a> Neurology and Urodynamics. 29 (1), 4-20 (2009).</li><li>Fielding, J. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=MR+imaging+of+pelvic+floor+continence+mechanisms+in+the+supine+and+sitting+positions.">MR imaging of pelvic floor continence mechanisms in the supine and sitting positions.</a> American Journal of Roentgenology. 171 (6), 1607-1610 (1998).</li><li>Bertschinger, K. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dynamic+MR+imaging+of+the+pelvic+floor+performed+with+patient+sitting+in+an+open-magnet+unit+versus+with+patient+supine+in+a+closed-magnet+unit.">Dynamic MR imaging of the pelvic floor performed with patient sitting in an open-magnet unit versus with patient supine in a closed-magnet unit.</a> Radiology. 223 (2), 501-508 (2002).</li><li>Piloni, V., Ambroselli, V., Nestola, M., Piloni, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantification+of+levator+ani+(LA)+hiatus+enlargement+and+pelvic+organs+impingement+on+Valsalva+maneuver+in+parous+and+nulliparous+women+with+obstructed+defecation+syndrome+(ODS):+a+biomechanical+perspective.">Quantification of levator ani (LA) hiatus enlargement and pelvic organs impingement on Valsalva maneuver in parous and nulliparous women with obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS): a biomechanical perspective.</a> Pelviperineology. 35 (1), 25-31 (2016).</li><li>Piloni, V., Pierandrei, G., Pignalosa, F., Galli, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fusion+imaging+by+transperineal+sonography/magnetic+resonance+in+patients+with+fecal+blockade+syndrome.">Fusion imaging by transperineal sonography/magnetic resonance in patients with fecal blockade syndrome.</a> EC Gastroenterology and Digestive System. 5 (1), 11-16 (2018).</li><li>Piloni, V., Bergamasco, M., Melara, G., Garavello, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+clinical+value+of+magnetic+resonance+defecography+in+males+with+obstructed+defecation+syndrome.">The clinical value of magnetic resonance defecography in males with obstructed defecation syndrome.</a> Techniques in Coloproctology. 22 (3), 179-190 (2018).</li><li>Chanda, A., Unnikrishnan, V. U., Roy, S., Ricther, H. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Computational+modeling+of+the+female+pelvic+support+structures+and+organs+to+understand+the+mechanisms+of+pelvic+organ+prolapse:+a+review.">Computational modeling of the female pelvic support structures and organs to understand the mechanisms of pelvic organ prolapse: a review.</a> Applied Mechanics Reviews. 67 (4), 040801-040814 (2015).</li><li>Rostaminia, G., Abramowitch, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Finite+element+modeling+in+female+pelvic+floor+medicine:+a+literature+review.">Finite element modeling in female pelvic floor medicine: a literature review.</a> Current Obstetrics and Gynecology Reports. 4 (2), 125-131 (2015).</li></ol>

这种方法比盆腔检查有明显的优势, 仅限于评估泌尿生殖道的中断, 只在女性。相反, 这里提出的方法检查整个提升机在男性和男性之间的间隙。此外, 虽然很容易通过检查的触诊的妇科医生, 女性裂隙只能近似地计算与统治者, 以产生一个椭圆形1的面积。同样, 与2和 3-d tpus4,5相比, 确实存在优势, 这两种优势不适合男性患者。然而, 该协?...

当在悬浮物间隙内作用的力不再被外界对抗, 导致异常扩大和器官撞击时, 骨盆器官脱垂 (POP) 就会发展起来。有几个因素导致这种疾病, 包括韧带, 筋膜, 或肌肉强直活动。无论所涉及的机制如何, 增加的中断规模都被认为是评估无法关闭该机制的可靠指数。通常情况下, 盆腔支撑的状态是在盆腔检查1中通过观察子宫颈、阴道先端和阴道壁在 Valsalva 机动过程中的位置来确定的。然而, 这种方法的不准确, 加上未能识别所有相关的网站2,3和性相关的收缩 (仅限女性), 导致临床医生和研究人员寻求替代方法, 即诊断成像。
目前确定中断大小的方法包括会阴超声 (tpus)4,5和最近的磁共振成像 (mri)。不幸的是, 现有的方法进行检查和测量的个别参数在研究人员6,7,8,9, 10,11,12,1 3日, 对研究结果进行比较很困难。此外, 在最常见的盆腔下降过程的定义和术语方面, 以及在所采用的系统14、15 的分类和量化方面, 仍然存在重大差异。
这项研究强调了 MRI 相对于其他方法的优势, 并描述了定量的技术细节和诊断标准的 POP 在男性和男性。特别是, 描述的重点是在紧张的情况下, 在病人仰视的情况下, 对盆腔器官下降和提升体的扩大进行量化, 以证明缺乏垂直定向的 mr 系统16,17 (即, 重力不会对检测与 POP 相关的各种变化产生不利影响)。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>MR scanner</td>
			<td>Philips Medical Systems, High Tech Campus&#160; 37, 5656 AE, Eindhoven, 
			The Netherlands</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Description: 1.5 T horizontally oriented, Multiva model, SENSE XL Torso coil 
			Procedure: Position the patient in the left lateral decubitus on the diagnostic table with the coil warpped around the pelvis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Catheter</td>
			<td>Convatek ltd, First avenue Deeside, Flintshire CH5 2NU 
			UK</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Description: Sterile vaginal catheter, 16 ch,180 mm long, 3 mm wide 
			Procedure: Gently insert the lubricated tip inside the anal canal for contrast administration with patients in the left side position</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Holder</td>
			<td>Kartell Plastilab, Artiglas Srl, Via Carrara Padua, Italy</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Description: Universal test-tube holder with multiple 13-mm holes 
			Procedure: Put 3 empty syringes vertically inside the holes with the outlet cone down</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Syringe</td>
			<td>Pikdare Srl, Via Saldarini Catelli 10 , 22070 Casnate con Bernate (Como) Italy</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Description: Sterile, latex free,60 mL graduated transparent cylinder, catheter cone 
			Procedure: Fill with contrast, adjust the plunger and connect to the catheter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Contrast</td>
			<td>Ceracarta SpA, Via Secondo Casadei 14 47122 Forl&#236; 
			Italy</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Description: Eco supergel not irritant, water soluble, salt free 
			Procedure: Dilute the content of each syringe adding 30 mL of tap water to 50 mL of acustic gel</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mixer device</td>
			<td>Kaltek Srl, Via del Progresso 2 Padua 
			Italy</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Description: Kito-Brush for endovaginal sampling 
			Procedure: Rotate one full turn 10-20 times until obtaining an homogeneous gel</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pad</td>
			<td>Fater SpA, Via A. Volta 10, 65129 Pescara 
			Italy</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Description: Pad for incontinent subjects 
			Procedure: Wrap around patient&#39;s pelvis to collect any material and prevent diagnostic table contamination</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lubricant</td>
			<td>Molteni farmaceutici, Localit&#224; Granatieri Scandicci (Florence) 
			Italy</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Description: Luan gel 1% 
			Procedure: Apply on the tip of catheter before insertion</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Apron</td>
			<td>Mediberg Srl, via Vezze 16/18 Calcinate 24050 (Bergamo) 
			Italy</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Description: Kimono 
			Procedure: Put on counteriwise (opening back) to maintain patient&#39;s dignity</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gloves</td>
			<td>Gardening Srl, Via B. Bosco 15/10 16121 Genova 
			Italy</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Description: Nitrile, latex free, no talcum powdered 
			Procedure: Wear during contrast preparation and catheter insertion; change regularly to prevent cross contamination</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

quantification of levator ani hiatus enlargement by magnetic resonance imaging in males and females with pelvic organ prolapse

在这里, 我们提出了一个协议, 以检查提升和盆腔器官脱垂, 在 Valsalva 机动和同时疏散声学凝胶, 使用水平方向 1.5 T 磁共振 (MR) 扫描仪的男性和女性的悬浮液间隙。在中矢状图像上, 骨盆器官的垂直距离以毫米为单位, 相对于 hymen 平面 (女性) 和与共生 pubis (男性) 的下边界, 前面有-(上) 或 + (下) 的迹象。在轴向图像上, 利用三个关键图像的自由手追踪方法, 以平方厘米的形式计算悬浮物, 通过中突 (i 级), 切线到共生的下边界 (ii 级), 并在最大前直肠的边缘。墙体凸起 (三级)。对休息和紧张的地区进行比较, 以找到增加的百分比的证据。目的是在不受异物干扰或考官接近的情况下, 提供盆腔器官下降和分离最大程度的客观证据, 以克服盆腔检查和会阴检查的局限性(即主观性和性方面的局限性 [仅限女性])。

2012年至2018年期间, 该协议已在意大利三个不同的诊断中心成功采用, 平均每月累计考试速度为 30±4, 使用相同的 1.5 Tmr 扫描仪型号和技术设置 (见表 1和材料)。在此期间, 对以下三个主要疾病类别的男女患者进行了 2 000多次检查: 盆腔器官脱垂和疏散障碍 (第1组)、肛周瘘 (第2组) 和慢性盆腔疼痛。已知或怀疑神经病变 ( 第 3 组 ) 。患者人口中最相关?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse at JoVE.com

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

在这里, 我们提出了一个协议, 以标准化测量的提升机, 并通过磁共振成像。目的是通过比较男女盆腔脱垂患者的休息和紧张值, 使用一致的解剖骨性地标, 从图像分析中提取生物力学推断。

男性和女性盆腔器官脱垂的磁共振成像对左旋的定量研究

Here we present a protocol to examine the levator ani hiatus in males and females with pelvic organ prolapse, during the Valsalva maneuver and while ...

我们的这种方法是同时可视化骨盆器官异议和障碍的reg-i-tory下，腹内向量的焦点的影响。我喜欢，在体检和三个深周内超声。在预直肠排空期间我们所需的图像。并且没有由于考官的设施而感到尴尬。演示程序将是朱利亚·梅拉拉，护士。还有安德里亚·基亚珀林和玛蒂亚·贝尔加马斯科，技术人员两者都来自我的实验室在开始检查之前，将手推车放在诊断室内，配备所有必要的仪器和用品，包括手套、注射器、导管、润滑剂果冻和声学。帮助患者填写一张表格，提供有关其病史、当前症状、治疗和先前病历（如果有）的信息。获得书面同意后，向患者明确说明手术的特点和目的，包括挤压、紧张、直肠排空等各种检查操作的运行。告知患者手术时间平均为 25 分钟，以及需要将小导管插入肛门管进行对比处理。让病人排空膀胱。然后，让患者穿围裙，引导患者到诊断室。接下来，帮助患者躺在磁共振扫描仪的诊断台上，在左侧位置，轻轻地将导管插入直肠，进行直肠对比，直到患者体验一个典型的撤离欲望。直肠填充后，帮助患者转向上流器位置，并调整臀部下方的吸水垫。然后，在患者的骨盆周围环绕表面相控阵列以进行图像采集。当患者就位时，在磁共振成像或 MRI 成像仪的日冕、轴向和下垂平面中获取定位器侦察扫描，以标记感兴趣区域的边界。接下来，在中下垂平面上进行三次后续的动态系列扫描，以肛门直肠结为中心，患者处于休息状态，每株挤压肛门括约肌 10 秒。获得最后一次肛门直肠结扫描后，指示患者开始直肠排空运动;在声学设备指示疏散时，开始在整个58秒周期内同时采集图像。当患者排出残余直肠对比度时，在日冕平面上重复成像序列，然后指示患者执行稳定状态 Valsalva 操作，不间断 9 秒钟。使用直肠排空期间获得的下垂图像作为参考，选择轴向平面中的三个水平平面来成像悬浮体间歇;第二，切线与对称体劣等边框，第三，在前直肠壁最大凸起点。在瓦尔萨尔瓦演习期间，从每个级别获得轴向平面中一厘米厚的水平段。在随后的手术间隔之间，让患者以30到60秒的间隔离开，放松。然后获取静态的，T2加权图像与患者在轴向，下垂和日冕平面休息，以提供骨盆解剖的完整评估。要测量骨盆器官在休息时和应变时的位置，请从中下垂动态 MRI 图像和分析软件中打开工具栏选项列表，该选项位于屏幕顶部，并悬停在注释工具上。单击箭头并选择标尺，从两条参考线获取膀胱颈部、子宫颈、前列腺基、哨囊和直肠地板垂直距离的毫米线性测量。测量脂肪和内部后部和横向直径（以毫米为单位）;从轴向静态和动态图像中，重复相同的线性测量，并计算从阴性共生到阴面体前边缘的距离。和提升器动画肌肉的中线边界之间的距离。要测量休息时和最大应变（以平方厘米为单位）时，请选择注释工具和感兴趣的自由区域，以选择手法轮廓跟踪技术。然后绘制一个边框周围的提升器动画肌肉的内部区域，并表达休息和应变测量之间的差异，作为绝对值。和增加百分比从交响乐阴性和气性管的。2012 年至 2018 年，该协议在意大利三个不同的诊断中心成功采用，平均每月累计检查约 30 次;使用相同的 MRI 扫描仪模型和技术参数。虽然骨盆器官脱垂在女性中更为常见，但也发生在男性患者中。无论性别如何，在紧张期间膨胀的悬浮者 Ani 中断已成为该疾病最可靠的指标。与休息时中断的大小相比，它的区域可以很容易地用轴向动态 MR 骨盆成像来量化，用于疾病筛查。有趣的是，在紧张时，中断的实际扩大，无法根据其在休息时的大小来预测。如上一项研究所证明的，在巴黎的纽拉和巴黎，她们的休息价值观与瓦尔萨尔瓦演习期间的价值观无关。为每个人量身定做考试是重要的。以便从振动中获取最大信息。特别是在慢性骨盆疼痛和性功能障碍的情况下。该协议为今后的调查和科里-格，与压力状态和直肠神经生理测试铺平了道路。这种骨盆器官位移和那里，戏剧性的畸形由MRI在定量的方式，将有助于调查骨盆器官脱垂发育的机制。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Magnetic Resonance Derived Myocardial Strain Assessment Using Feature Tracking

磁共振衍生的心肌劳损评估使用特征跟踪

Purpose: An accurate and practical method to measure parameters like strain in myocardial tissue is of great clinical value, since it has been shown, that ...

科研

医学

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quantification of Pulmonary Perfusion using Calibrated Arterial Spin Labeling

使用校准动脉自旋标记磁共振肺灌注显像定量

This demonstrates a MR imaging method to measure the spatial distribution of pulmonary blood flow in healthy subjects 
during normoxia (inspired O2, ...

Noninvasive Assessment of Cardiac Abnormalities in Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis by Magnetic Resonance Microscopy Imaging in the Mouse

心脏异常的实验性自身免疫性心肌炎的无创性评估磁共振成像显微镜在鼠标

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium, but only ~10% of those affected show clinical manifestations of the disease. To study the immune events ...

Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging

跟踪乳腺建筑特色与检测乳腺癌的磁共振扩散张量成像

Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer among women worldwide. Early detection of breast cancer has a critical role in improving the quality of ...

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease

骨骼肌疾病的定量磁共振成像

Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) describes the development and use of MRI to quantify physical, chemical, and/or biological properties of ...

Simultaneous PET/MRI Imaging During Mouse Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

同时PET / MRI成像在小鼠脑缺氧缺血

Dynamic changes in tissue water diffusion and glucose metabolism occur during and after hypoxia in cerebral hypoxia-ischemia reflecting a bioenergetics ...

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla

7号特斯拉的心脏磁共振成像

CMR at an ultra-high field (magnetic field strength B0&#160;&#8805; 7 Tesla) benefits from the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) advantage inherent at higher ...

Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Rat Common Carotid Artery

大鼠颈总动脉的相位对比磁共振成像

Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) is a noninvasive approach that can quantify flow-related parameters such as blood flow. Previous ...

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Quantification System

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

盆腔器官脱垂 (POP) 定量系统的生殖器距离和会阴测量

Anogenital distance (AGD) is a sexually dimorphic attribute, twice longer in males than in females, and a marker of intrauterine hormonal environment. ...

Quantitative Mapping of Specific Ventilation in the Human Lung using Proton Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Oxygen as a Contrast Agent

以质子磁共振成像和氧为造影剂对人肺特异性通气进行定量定位

Specific ventilation imaging (SVI) is a functional magnetic resonance imaging technique capable of quantifying specific ventilation &#8213; the ratio of ...