Name: sodium taurocholate induced severe acute pancreatitis in c57bl/6 mice
Uploaded: 2021-06-28T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Sodium Taurocholate Induced Severe Acute Pancreatitis in C57BL/6 Mice at JoVE.com

Forfatterne tak til Post Graduation Program i Medicinsk Klinik ved Universitetet i São Paulo; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) og University of São Paulo Medical School (FMUSP).

Denne protokol blev godkendt af den etiske komité for brug af dyr fra USP Medicine School, Num. Project: 1343/2019-CEUA: FMUSP. Til denne protokol blev der anvendt C57BL/6 mus på 6 uger, der vejede 20 ± 2 g (n = 9/gruppe).
1. Laparotomi
<ol><li>Bedøve dyr med xylazin (10 mg/kg) og ketaminopløsning (80 mg/kg), subkutant (0,1 mL/10g kropsvægt) ved hjælp af en 1 mL sprøjte og 13x0,45 mm nål 26G 1/2. Kontroller for tilstrækkelig anæstesi dybde ved at klemme tåen. Styr kropstemperatur...

<ol>
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L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induction+of+antioxidant+mechanisms+in+lung+during+experimental+pancreatitis+in+rats.">Induction of antioxidant mechanisms in lung during experimental pancreatitis in rats.</a> Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 58 (5), 297-305 (2020).</li><li>T, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intraductal+infusion+of+taurocholate+followed+by+distal+common+bile+duct+ligation+leads+to+a+severe+necrotic+model+of+pancreatitis+in+mice.">Intraductal infusion of taurocholate followed by distal common bile duct ligation leads to a severe necrotic model of pancreatitis in mice.</a> Pancreas. 44 (3), (2015).</li><li>Botoi, G., Andercou, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interleukin+17-prognostic+marker+of+severe+acute+pancreatitis.">Interleukin 17-prognostic marker of severe acute pancreatitis.</a> Chirurgia. 104 (4), 431-438 (2009).</li><li>Li, D., Li, J., Wang, L., Zhang, Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Association+between+IL-1beta,+IL-8,+and+IL-10+polymorphisms+and+risk+of+acute+pancreatitis.">Association between IL-1beta, IL-8, and IL-10 polymorphisms and risk of acute pancreatitis.</a> Genetics and Molecular Research. 14 (2), 6635-6641 (2015).</li><li>Feng, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+peritoneal+lavage+with+ulinastatin+on+the+expression+of+NF-kappaB+and+TNF-alpha+in+multiple+organs+of+rats+with+severe+acute+pancreatitis.">Effect of peritoneal lavage with ulinastatin on the expression of NF-kappaB and TNF-alpha in multiple organs of rats with severe acute pancreatitis.</a> Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 10 (6), 2029-2034 (2015).</li><li>Fang, D. Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+sildenafil+on+inflammatory+injury+of+the+lung+in+sodium+taurocholate-induced+severe+acute+pancreatitis+rats.">Effects of sildenafil on inflammatory injury of the lung in sodium taurocholate-induced severe acute pancreatitis rats.</a> International Immunopharmacology. 80, (2020).</li><li>Ceranowicz, P., Cieszkowski, J., Warzecha, Z., Dembinski, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Experimental+models+of+acute+pancreatitis.">Experimental models of acute pancreatitis.</a> Post&#281;py Higieny i Medycyny Do&#347;wiadczalnej(Online). 69, 264-269 (2015).</li><li>Wan, M. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Review+of+experimental+animal+models+of+biliary+acute+pancreatitis+and+recent+advances+in+basic+research.">Review of experimental animal models of biliary acute pancreatitis and recent advances in basic research.</a> HPB (Oxford). 14 (2), 73-81 (2012).</li><li>Mayerle, J., Sendler, M., Lerch, M. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Secretagogue+(Caerulein)+induced+pancreatitis+in+rodents.">Secretagogue (Caerulein) induced pancreatitis in rodents.</a> Pancreapedia: The Exocrine Pancreas Knowledge Base. (1), (2013).</li><li>Wang, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Resveratrol+protects+against+L-arginine-induced+acute+necrotizing+pancreatitis+in+mice+by+enhancing+SIRT1-mediated+deacetylation+of+p53+and+heat+shock+factor+1.">Resveratrol protects against L-arginine-induced acute necrotizing pancreatitis in mice by enhancing SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of p53 and heat shock factor 1.</a> International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 40 (2), 427-437 (2017).</li><li>Ma, Z. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+resveratrol+on+peritoneal+macrophages+in+rats+with+severe+acute+pancreatitis.">Effect of resveratrol on peritoneal macrophages in rats with severe acute pancreatitis.</a> Inflammation Research. 54 (12), 522-527 (2005).</li><li>Souza, L. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anti-inflammatory+effects+of+peritoneal+lavage+in+acute+pancreatitis.">Anti-inflammatory effects of peritoneal lavage in acute pancreatitis.</a> Pancreas. 39 (8), 1180-1184 (2010).</li><li>Perides, G., Acker, G. J. v., Laukkarinen, J. M., Steer, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Experimental+acute+biliary+pancreatitis+induced+by+retrograde+infusion+of+bile+acids+into+the+mouse+pancreatic+duct.">Experimental acute biliary pancreatitis induced by retrograde infusion of bile acids into the mouse pancreatic duct.</a> Nature Protocols. 5 (2), 335-341 (2010).</li><li>Wittel, U. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Taurocholate-induced+pancreatitis:+a+model+of+severe+necrotizing+pancreatitis+in+mice.">Taurocholate-induced pancreatitis: a model of severe necrotizing pancreatitis in mice.</a> Pancreas. 36 (2), 9-21 (2008).</li><li>Tao, L., Reese, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Making+mouse+models+that+reflect+human+immune+responses.">Making mouse models that reflect human immune responses.</a> Trends Immunology. 38 (3), 181-193 (2017).</li><li>Vandamme, T. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Use+of+rodents+as+models+of+human+diseases.">Use of rodents as models of human diseases.</a> Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Science. 6 (1), 2-9 (2014).</li><li>Song, H. K., Hwang, D. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Use+of+C57BL/6N+mice+on+the+variety+of+immunological+researches.">Use of C57BL/6N mice on the variety of immunological researches.</a> Laboratory Animal Research. 33 (2), 119-123 (2017).</li><li>Bogdanske, J. J., Stelle, S. H. -. V., Riley, M. V., Schiffman, B. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Suturing Principles and Techniques in Laboratory Animal Surgery. 1st edition. (1), (2010).</li><li>Ray, A., Dittel, B. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+of+mouse+peritoneal+cavity+cells.">Isolation of mouse peritoneal cavity cells.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. (35), e1488 (2010).</li><li>Schmidt, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+better+model+of+acute+pancreatitis+for+evaluating+therapy.">A better model of acute pancreatitis for evaluating therapy.</a> Annals of Surgery. 215 (1), 44-56 (1992).</li><li>Liu, D. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Resveratrol+improves+the+therapeutic+efficacy+of+bone+marrow-derived+mesenchymal+stem+cells+in+rats+with+severe+acute+pancreatitis.">Resveratrol improves the therapeutic efficacy of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in rats with severe acute pancreatitis.</a> International Immunopharmacology. 80, 106128 (2020).</li><li>Yang, X. F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chaiqin+chengqi+decoction+alleviates+severe+acute+pancreatitis+associated+acute+kidney+injury+by+inhibiting+endoplasmic+reticulum+stress+and+subsequent+apoptosis.">Chaiqin chengqi decoction alleviates severe acute pancreatitis associated acute kidney injury by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and subsequent apoptosis.</a> Biomedicine &amp; Pharmacotherapy. 125 (12), 110024 (2020).</li><li>Yang, X. F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chaiqin+chengqi+decoction+alleviates+severe+acute+pancreatitis+associated+acute+kidney+injury+by+inhibiting+endoplasmic+reticulum+stress+and+subsequent+apoptosis.">Chaiqin chengqi decoction alleviates severe acute pancreatitis associated acute kidney injury by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and subsequent apoptosis.</a> Biomedicine &amp; Pharmacotherapy. 125, 110024 (2020).</li><li>Venglovecz, V., Z, R., Hegyi, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effects+of+bile+acids+on+pancreatic+ductal+cells.">The effects of bile acids on pancreatic ductal cells.</a> Pancreapedia: The Exocrine Pancreas Knowledge Base. (1), (2019).</li><li>Roberts, S. E., Akbari, A., Thorne, K., Atkinson, M., Evans, P. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+incidence+of+acute+pancreatitis:+impact+of+social+deprivation,+alcohol+consumption,+seasonal+and+demographic+factors.">The incidence of acute pancreatitis: impact of social deprivation, alcohol consumption, seasonal and demographic factors.</a> Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 38 (5), 539-548 (2013).</li><li>Lerch, M. M., Gorelick, F. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Models+of+acute+and+chronic+pancreatitis.">Models of acute and chronic pancreatitis.</a> Gastroenterology. 144 (6), 1180-1193 (2013).</li><li>Nakamura, K., Fukatsu, K., Sasayama, A., Yamaji, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+immune-modulating+formula+comprising+whey+peptides+and+fermented+milk+improves+inflammation-related+remote+organ+injuries+in+diet-induced+acute+pancreatitis+in+mice.">An immune-modulating formula comprising whey peptides and fermented milk improves inflammation-related remote organ injuries in diet-induced acute pancreatitis in mice.</a> Biosci Microbiota Food Health. 37 (1), 1-8 (2018).</li><li>Kui, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=New+insights+into+the+methodolgy+of+L-Arginine-induced+acute+pancreatitis.">New insights into the methodolgy of L-Arginine-induced acute pancreatitis.</a> PLoS One. 10 (2), 011758 (2015).</li><li>Xue, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alternatively+activated+macrophages+promote+pancreatic+fibrosis+in+chronic+pancreatitis.">Alternatively activated macrophages promote pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis.</a> Nature Communication. 6, 7158 (2015).</li><li>Lesina, M., Wormann, S. M., Neuhofer, P., Song, L., Algul, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interleukin-6+in+inflammatory+and+malignant+diseases+of+the+pancreas.">Interleukin-6 in inflammatory and malignant diseases of the pancreas.</a> Seminars in Immunology. 26 (1), 80-87 (2014).</li><li>Rao, S. A., Kunte, A. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interleukin-6:+An+early+predictive+marker+for+severity+of+acute+pancreatitis.">Interleukin-6: An early predictive marker for severity of acute pancreatitis.</a> Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine. 21 (7), 424-428 (2017).</li></ol>

Metoden til at fremkalde akut pancreatitis ved retrograd natrium taurocholat infusion er allerede blevet påvist hos rotter22,23,24. Tre lignende værker, der blev offentliggjort i 2008, 2010 og 2015, fungerede som reference for protokollen3,14,15. I dette arbejde opregner vi alle de kritiske trin til gengivelse af denne metode i C57BL/...

Hos mennesker er tilstedeværelsen af galdesten den mest almindelige årsag til bugspytkirtel på grund af obstruktionen af den terminale del af choledochal, afbryder strømmen af bugspytkirtelsekretioner og forårsager en intens inflammatorisk proces i bugspytkirtlen med en stigning i koncentrationen af fordøjelsesenzymer i serum og inflammatoriske mæglere1,2.
To forskellige teorier er blevet foreslået at forklare udviklingen af akut pancreatitis (AP). Den "fælles kanal" teori tyder på, at stenene til stede i galdeblæren hindre distal fælles galdegang system, så galde sekretion til at flyde tilbageskridt i bugspytkirtlen kanalen. Den anden teori ("kanal obstruktion" teori) tyder på, at obstruktion af bugspytkirtlen kanalen ved overskydende galdesten forårsager en blokering i strømmen af bugspytkirtel sekretion til duodenum, forårsager ductal hypertension3. Selv om de mekanismer, der fører til akut galde pancreatitis ikke er fuldt forstået, resultatet er en intens inflammatorisk proces. Fordøjelsesenzymudbrud og bugspytkirtel selvfordøjelse føre til histopatologiske ændringer, en stigning i inflammatoriske cytokiner (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) i ascitisk væske og serum, og en stigning i akut fase proteiner4,5,6.
Alvorlig akut pancreatitis er en tilstand, der fortjener klinisk opmærksomhed på grund af inddragelse af flere organer og en høj dødelighed risiko. Dyremodeller til reproduktion af akut pancreatitis (AP) er vigtige, da disse forklarer sygdommens patofysiologiske mekanismer og hjælper med at overvåge udviklingen af inflammatoriske begivenheder, startende fra de indledende stadier af sygdommen. Dette er normalt ikke muligt i klinikkerne2,7. Derudover er adgang til bugspytkirtelvæv let i prækliniske undersøgelser, der favoriserer udredningen af ændringer forbundet med kliniske tilstande8 sammen med muligheden for at arbejde med isogene arter, eliminere uønskede variabler og spejle klinisk lighed med de resultater, der observeres i den menneskelige tilstand9.
Galde- og ikke-galdemodeller til induktion af akut pancreatitis hos rotter og mus arter er ofte blevet undersøgt i den videnskabelige litteratur. Ikke-galde metoder til induktion omfatter administration af supramaximal stimulerende doser af cholecystokinin secretagogue eller dens analoge cerulein10; administration af næsten dødelige doser af L-arginin; eller administration af en cholin-mangelfuld kost suppleret med ethionin11. Selv om disse metoder er nemme at reproducere og resultere i bugspytkirtelbetændelse, de ikke replikere de mekanismer, der i teorien udløser AP (dvs., refluks af galde sekretion i bugspytkirtlen kanalen). Den teknik, der adresserer galdemodellen er baseret på retrograd infusion af galdesyrer i bugspytkirtlen kanalen og kræver veluddannede forskere til at udføre denne protokol. Flere undersøgelser er blevet offentliggjort ved hjælp af denne metode hos rotter (tilsyneladende af tekniske årsager, da disse forsøg involverer kirurgiske procedurer)12,13. Men, tilgangen i mus kan tilbyde mere interessante resultater i studiet af inflammation3,14,15. I denne undersøgelse vil vi vise en tjekliste over de trin, der skal følges til reproduktion af alvorlig akut pancreatitis ved infusion af natrium taurocholat i C57BL/6 bedøvede mus.
For værker, der involverer behovet for forsøg med antistoffer og analyse af gen- og proteinekspressionen, er brugen af mus at foretrække på grund af det større arsenal af materialer til disse dyr og muligheden for at arbejde med isogen- og knockoutarter, blandt andre, der kan bruges relevante for undersøgelser16. Mus C57BL/6 er en indavlet stamme af mus, der oprindeligt blev udviklet til undersøgelse af antitumoraktivitet og immunologi. Denne stamme foretrækkes i stigende grad af forskere for at være isogen, hvilket giver mulighed for en større reproducerbarhed af resultater, hvilket kan indebære anvendelse af et mindre antal dyr i et forsøg og mindre variation i resultaterne mellem den samme gruppe17,18.
Perides et al. (2010)14 offentliggjorde en protokol for AP induktion hos mus ved natrium taurocholat infusion. Her opdaterer vi denne model ved hjælp af en højere natrium taurocholatkoncentration (2,5%) i C57BL/6 mus med et defineret volumen og infusionshastighed (figur 1). Det maksimale sværhedsgradsniveau nås inden for 12 timer efter induktion hos mus. Højden af koncentrationen af IL-6 både i serum og i bughulen er korreleret med progressionen af AP. Med praksis er den samlede anslåede tid fra induktion af anæstesi til afslutningen af infusionen 25 min pr. Dyr. Det er vigtigt, at en uddannet forsker udfører dette eksperiment. For at sikre, at opløsningen sprøjtes korrekt ind i den fælles galdegang, skal du udføre flere pilottræningssessioner ved hjælp af methylenblåt i stedet for natrium taurocholat.

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	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>0.4 mm needle</td>
			<td>INTRAG MEDICAL TECH</td>
			<td>90183210</td>
			<td>30G</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&#160;0.54 mm polyethylene tube</td>
			<td>Tygon</td>
			<td>730010</td>
			<td>-</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Styrofoam block</td>
			<td>-</td>
			<td>-</td>
			<td>-</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>masking tape for mounting the mouse</td>
			<td>Missner</td>
			<td>1236</td>
			<td>-</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Infusion pump scheduled to 10&#181;L / min.</td>
			<td>Havard aparatus-Peristaltic Pump Series</td>
			<td>MA1 55-7766</td>
			<td>&#160;Model 66 Small Peristaltic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scissors and forceps</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Antiseptic providine iodine</td>
			<td>Pfizer</td>
			<td>12086OR</td>
			<td>antisepsis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>70% ethanol</td>
			<td>SIGMA</td>
			<td>459836</td>
			<td>Mix 700 mL 100% ethanol with 300 mL dH2O</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Razor blade</td>
			<td>Lord</td>
			<td>bdk9a1ghk6</td>
			<td>For trichotomy</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium taurocholate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>86339- 1G</td>
			<td>CAS NUMBER- 345909-26-4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>microvessel clip</td>
			<td>Medicon Surgical</td>
			<td>56.87.35</td>
			<td>Approximator, opening 4.0 mm, closing pressure 30 -&#160;40 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>6-0 prolene</td>
			<td>Bioline</td>
			<td>5162</td>
			<td>Suture line</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ketamin NP (cloridrato de dextrocetamina) 50mg/mL</td>
			<td>Crist&#225;lia</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xilazine 2%</td>
			<td>Syntec</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile saline solution (0.9% (wt/vol) saline)</td>
			<td>Farmace</td>
			<td>105851</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Methyl Blue</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich Chemicals</td>
			<td>M5528</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MILLIPLEX&#160;MAP&#160;Mouse Cytokine/Chemokine Magnetic Bead Panel - Immunology Multiplex Assay</td>
			<td>MERCK</td>
			<td>MCYTOMAG-70K</td>
			<td>Simultaneously analyze multiple cytokine and chemokine biomarkers with Bead-Based Multiplex Assays using the Luminex technology, in mouse serum, plasma and cell culture samples.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Amylase Assay</td>
			<td>Labtest</td>
			<td>11</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Desmarres retractor 13-mm 
			width</td>
			<td>ROBOZ</td>
			<td>RS-6672</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

sodium taurocholate induced severe acute pancreatitis in c57bl/6 mice

Galde akut betændelsesinduktion ved natrium taurocholatinfusion er blevet meget udbredt af det videnskabelige samfund på grund af repræsentationen af den menneskelige kliniske tilstand og reproduktion af inflammatoriske hændelser svarende til udbrud af klinisk galde pancreatitis. Sværhedsgraden af bugspytkirtelskader kan vurderes ved at måle koncentrationen, hastigheden og mængden af den infunderede galdesyre. Denne undersøgelse giver en opdateret tjekliste over de materialer og metoder, der anvendes i protokollen reproduktion og viser de vigtigste resultater fra denne akutte pancreatitis (AP) model. De fleste af de tidligere publikationer har begrænset sig til at reproducere denne model hos rotter. Vi har anvendt denne metode i mus, hvilket giver yderligere fordele (dvs. tilgængeligheden af et arsenal af reagenser og antistoffer til disse dyr sammen med muligheden for at arbejde med genetisk modificerede stammer af mus), der kan være relevante for undersøgelsen. For akut induktion af pancreatitis hos mus præsenterer vi en systematisk protokol med en defineret dosis på 2,5 % natrium taurocholat ved infusionshastighed 10 μL/min i 3 min i C57BL/6 mus, der når sit maksimale sværhedsgradsniveau inden for 12 timer efter induktion og fremhæver resultater med resultater, der validerer metoden. Med praksis og teknik er den samlede anslåede tid, fra induktion af anæstesi til afslutningen af infusionen, 25 min pr. Dyr.

Pancreatitis sværhedsgrad blev scoret mellem 0-3 i henhold til Schmidt's skala21 , hvor nul svarer til fraværet, 1 svarer til en mild tilstedeværelse (<25%), 2 svarer til en moderat tilstedeværelse (mellem 25 og 50%) og 3 svarer til en intens tilstedeværelse (> 50%) (tabel 1). De udførte målinger var plasma amylase aktivitet, bugspytkirtelødem, acinar celle, skade / nekrose, bugspytkirtelbetændelse (ved histologi analyse af H &E-farvede se...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Sodium Taurocholate Induced Severe Acute Pancreatitis in C57BL/6 Mice at JoVE.com

Sodium Taurocholate Induced Severe Acute Pancreatitis in C57BL/6 Mice

Dyremodeller for alvorlig akut pancreatitis muliggør undersøgelse af patofysiologiske ændringer i den indledende fase, hvilket letter observation af udviklingen af inflammatoriske begivenheder. Her giver vi en protokol for induktion af svær akut galde pancreatitis ved retrograd infusion af natrium taurocholat i bugspytkirtlen kanalen af bedøvet C57BL/6 mus.

Natrium taurocholat induceret svær akut pancreatitis i C57BL/6 Mus

Biliary acute pancreatitis induction by sodium taurocholate infusion has been widely used by the scientific community due to the representation of the ...

Denne metode kan bruges til at reproducere de inflammatoriske hændelser, der opstår i akut galde pancreatitis. Det er muligt at studere ændringer i bugspytkirtelvæv i sine tidlige stadier, hvilket generelt ikke er muligt i klinikken. De vigtigste fordele ved denne teknik er, at det er hurtigt og nemt at reproducere for en uddannet forsker, og det giver lignende resultater til akut pancreatitis hos mennesker.Metoden kan bruges til at studere farmakologiske immunresponser af lægemiddelmolekyler og andre terapeutiske interventioner, da det gør det muligt at studere inflammatoriske medierende celler i bugspytkirtlen og tilstødende organer. Når du forsøger denne protokol, er det afgørende at lokalisere organerne og etablere cannulationsområdet. Huske placeringen af organerne og udøve injektionen ansøgning først ved hjælp af en farvet opløsning såsom methylenblå.Efter at have kontrolleret dybden af anæstesi med en tå knivspids, rengør abdominalområdet af en bedøvet mus med en 5% povidone jodopløsning. Brug en trimmer, fjern hår mellem brystet og underlivet og rengør et cirka to kvadratcentimeter kirurgisk område med 70% alkohol. Immobilisere dyret på det kirurgiske bord og bruge en saks til at skære fem millimeter af huden vandret på den øverste del af maven og en centimeter under xiphoid processen.Gentag snittet på bughinden for at udføre laparotomien med minimal eksponering af hulrummet. Brug en retraktor, træk leveren mod hovedet på ca. en centimeter fra tarmen og find området i bugspytkirtlen og duodenum. Ved hjælp af sammenkværn løfter du leveren mod dyrehovedet.Ved forsigtigt at trække den del af tyndtarmen, fastsætte de to laterale ender med en 6-0 polypropylen sutur for et bedre overblik over den distale del af den fælles galdegang også. Ved hjælp af et mikrokarclips skal den proksimale fælles galdegang midlertidigt udvande den proksimale fælles galdegang. Eksponer organet ud af bughulen.Derefter laves en midlertidig okklusion af den distale fælles galdegang med en 8-0 sutur. For at få adgang til den fælles galdegang punkteres den perampampullære region, der fremstår som en hvidlig del af tyndtarmens væg. Med en 0,4 millimeter nål forbundet til en 0,54 millimeter polyethylen rør, starte infusionspumpen for 2,5% natrium taurocholat opløsning infusion med en konstant hastighed på 10 mikroliters per 10 gram kropsvægt i tre minutter.Efter infusionen skal mikrobeholderclipsen fjernes, den midlertidige 8-0 og injektionsnålen fra galdegangen i bugspytkirtlen. Sutur maven med en 6-0 nonabsorbent monofilament polypropylen sutur. Tiden mellem laparotomi og ende sutur bør ikke være mere end 30 minutter.Efter operationen skal dyrene huses i polyethylenkasser foret med træspåner og vand og mad ad libitum. Hold forsigtigt dyret med huden trukket tilbage, fremme en lille fremspring af øjeæblet, og placere dyret med øjet vender opad. Indgyd en dråbe øjensalt, der indeholder lokalbedøvelse i dyrets øje.Placer enden af et kapillærrør i det mediale hjørne af øjet og indsæt det forsigtigt under øjeæblet i en vinkel på ca. 30 til 45 grader. Roter kapillærrøret, indtil blodgennemstrømningen begynder. Når samlingen er overstået, sikre homøostase ved at holde øjenlågene lukket med let kompression.Senere, ved hjælp af en 27 gauge nål, injicere fire milliliter iskold PBS i bughulen af musen. Efter injektionen skal du forsigtigt massere bughinden i 10 sekunder for at fjerne klæbede celler. Brug saks og pincet, lav et lille snit på 0,5 centimeter på den indre hud og muskulatur for at udsætte bughulen.Indsæt en pære pipette i bughinden og indsamle så meget væske som muligt, passe på ikke at aspirere fedtvæv. Saml en del af bugspytkirtlen fra hovedregionen til videre behandling. Sæt den indsamlede væske i rør, der holdes på is.Derefter centrifugere peritonealvæsken ved 250 gange G i fem minutter og lager supernatanten til interleukin-6 dosering. For at opnå serum centrifugere de indsamlede blodprøver ved 700 gange G i 15 minutter og lager supernatanten til amylase og interleukin-6 dosering. Analyse af bugspytkirtelvæv 12 timer efter induktion af akut pancreatitis viste intens betændelse i det berørte organ i forhold til vævsprøver fra falsk gruppe.Lignende resultater var repræsenteret ved histologisk undersøgelse efter hæmatoxylin eosin farvning af vævsprøver fra sham og APTA. Analyse af blodserum udgjorde en signifikant stigning i serum amylase og interleukin-6 cytokinkoncentration i AP-gruppen sammenlignet med falskgruppen. Samtidig var interleukin-6 koncentrationen betydeligt højere i bughulevæske i AP-gruppen.Sværhedsgraden af pancreatitis i denne model er proportionalt afhængig af koncentrationen, mængden og trykket af infusionen, og tidspunktet for akut pancreatitis induktion. Ved hjælp af denne teknik kan virkningerne af kontinuerlig peritoneal lavage på alvorlig akut pancreatitis undersøges.

sodium-taurocholate-induced-severe-acute-pancreatitis-in-c57bl6-mice

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department

Carbon dioxide (CO2) along with oxygen (O2) share the role of being the most important gases in the human body. The measuring of expired CO2 at the mouth has solicited growing clinical interest among physicians in the emergency department for various indications: (1) surveillance et monitoring of the intubated patient; (2) verification of the correct positioning of an endotracheal tube; (3) monitoring of a patient in cardiac arrest; (4) achieving normocapnia in intubated head trauma patients; (5) monitoring ventilation during procedural sedation. The video allows physicians to familiarize themselves with the use of capnography and the text offers a review of the theory and principals involved. In particular, the importance of CO2 for the organism, the relevance of measuring expired CO2, the differences between arterial and expired CO2, the material used in capnography with their artifacts and traps, will be reviewed. Since the main reluctance in the use of expired CO2 measurement is due to lack of correct knowledge concerning the physiopathology of CO2 by the physician, we hope that this explanation and the video sequences accompanying will help resolve this limitation.

Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department

This video describes how to perform CO2 measurement in intubated as well as spontaneously breathing patients. The main clinical indications refer to emergency situations: (1) verifying adequate positioning of an endotracheal tube; (2) achieving normocapnia in trauma patients; (3) monitoring ventilation in the case of procedural sedation.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) along with oxygen (O2) share the role of being the most important gases in the human body. The measuring of expired CO2 at the mouth ...

Pressure Controlled Ventilation to Induce Acute Lung Injury in Mice

Murine models are extensively used to investigate acute injuries of different organs systems (1-34). Acute lung injury (ALI), which occurs with prolonged mechanical ventilation, contributes to morbidity and mortality of critical illness, and studies on novel genetic or pharmacological targets are areas of intense investigation (1-3, 5, 8, 26, 30, 33-36). ALI is defined by the acute onset of the disease, which leads to non-cardiac pulmonary edema and subsequent impairment of pulmonary gas exchange (36). We have developed a murine model of ALI by using a pressure-controlled ventilation to induce ventilator-induced lung injury (2). For this purpose, C57BL/6 mice are anesthetized and a tracheotomy is performed followed by induction of ALI via mechanical ventilation. Mice are ventilated in a pressure-controlled setting with an inspiratory peak pressure of 45 mbar over 1 - 3 hours. As outcome parameters, pulmonary edema (wet-to-dry ratio), bronchoalveolar fluid albumin content, bronchoalveolar fluid and pulmonary tissue myeloperoxidase content and pulmonary gas exchange are assessed (2). Using this technique we could show that it sufficiently induces acute lung inflammation and can distinguish between different treatment groups or genotypes (1-3, 5). Therefore this technique may be helpful for researchers who pursue molecular mechanisms involved in ALI using a genetic approach in mice with gene-targeted deletion.

A murine model for ventilator induced lung injury is an important tool to study an acute lung injury in vivo. Here, we report an easy applicable in situ model for acute lung injury using high-pressure mechanical ventilation to induce acute failure of the lung.

Murine models are extensively used to investigate acute injuries of different organs systems (1-34). Acute lung injury (ALI), which occurs with prolonged ...

Ischemia-reperfusion Model of Acute Kidney Injury and Post Injury Fibrosis in Mice

Ischemia-reperfusion induced acute kidney injury (IR-AKI) is widely used as a model of AKI in mice, but results are often quite variable with high, often unreported mortality rates that may confound analyses. Bilateral renal pedicle clamping is commonly used to induce IR-AKI, but differences between effective clamp pressures and/or renal responses to ischemia between kidneys often lead to more variable results. In addition, shorter clamp times are known to induce more variable tubular injury, and while mice undergoing bilateral injury with longer clamp times develop more consistent tubular injury, they often die within the first 3 days after injury due to severe renal insufficiency. To improve post-injury survival and obtain more consistent and predictable results, we have developed two models of unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury followed by contralateral nephrectomy. Both surgeries are performed using a dorsal approach, reducing surgical stress resulting from ventral laparotomy, commonly used for mouse IR-AKI surgeries. For induction of moderate injury BALB/c mice undergo unilateral clamping of the renal pedicle for 26 min and also undergo simultaneous contralateral nephrectomy. Using this approach, 50-60% of mice develop moderate AKI 24 hr after injury but 90-100% of mice survive. To induce more severe AKI, BALB/c mice undergo renal pedicle clamping for 30 min followed by contralateral nephrectomy 8 days after injury. This allows functional assessment of renal recovery after injury with 90-100% survival. Early post-injury tubular damage as well as post injury fibrosis are highly consistent using this model.

We describe models of moderate and severe ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury in which the mice undergo unilateral renal pedicle clamping followed by simultaneous or delayed contralateral nephrectomy, respectively. These models consistently give rise to renal dysfunction and post-injury fibrosis, but injury severity and survival are dependent on mouse background, age and surgical equipment.

Iskæmireperfusion Model akut nyreskade og Post Injury Fibrose i mus

Ischemia-reperfusion induced acute kidney injury (IR-AKI) is widely used as a model of AKI in mice, but results are often quite variable with high, often ...

Acute Brain Trauma in Mice Followed By Longitudinal Two-photon Imaging

Although acute brain trauma often results from head damage in different accidents and affects a substantial fraction of the population, there is no effective treatment for it yet. Limitations of currently used animal models impede understanding of the pathology mechanism. Multiphoton microscopy allows studying cells and tissues within intact animal brains longitudinally under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we describe two models of acute brain injury studied by means of two-photon imaging of brain cell behavior under posttraumatic conditions. A selected brain region is injured with a sharp needle to produce a trauma of a controlled width and depth in the brain parenchyma. Our method uses stereotaxic prick with a syringe needle, which can be combined with simultaneous drug application. We propose that this method can be used as an advanced tool to study cellular mechanisms of pathophysiological consequences of acute trauma in mammalian brain in vivo. In this video, we combine acute brain injury with two preparations: cranial window and skull thinning. We also discuss advantages and limitations of both preparations for multisession imaging of brain regeneration after trauma.

Acute brain trauma is a severe injury that has no adequate treatment to date. Multiphoton microscopy allows studying longitudinally the process of acute brain trauma development and probing therapeutical strategies in rodents. Two models of acute brain trauma studied with in vivo two-photon imaging of brain are demonstrated in this protocol.

Akut Brain Trauma i Mus Efterfulgt af Longitudinal To-foton Imaging

Although acute brain trauma often results from head damage in different accidents and affects a substantial fraction of the population, there is no ...

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with diverse clinical and immunological manifestations. Several spontaneous and inducible animal models mirror common components of human disease, including the bm12 transfer model. Upon transfer of bm12 splenocytes or purified CD4 T cells, C57BL/6 mice rapidly develop large frequencies of T follicular helper cells (Tfh), germinal center (GC) B cells, and plasma cells followed by high levels of circulating anti-nuclear antibodies. Since this model utilizes mice on a pure C57BL/6 background, researchers can quickly and easily study disease progression in transgenic or knockout mouse strains in a relatively short period of time. Here we describe protocols for the induction of the model and the quantitation Tfh, GC B cells, and plasma cells by multi-color flow cytometry. Importantly, these protocols can also be used to characterize disease in most mouse models of SLE and identify Tfh, GC B cells, and plasma cells in other disease models.

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SLE in C57BL/6 Mice

The transfer of bm12 lymphocytes into a C57BL/6 recipient is an established model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Here we describe how to initiate disease using this model and how to characterize T follicular helper cells, germinal center B cells and plasma cells by flow cytometry.

Den bm12 Inducerbar Model af systemisk lupus erythematosus (SLE) i C57BL / 6-mus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with diverse clinical and immunological manifestations. Several spontaneous and inducible ...

Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

Diversion colitis (DC) is a frequent clinical condition occurring in patients with bowel segments excluded from the fecal stream as a result of a diverting enterostomy. The etiology of this disease remains ill-defined but appears to differ from that of classical inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Research aimed to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to the development of this disease has been severely hampered by the lack of an appropriate murine model. This protocol generates a murine model of DC that facilitates the study of the immune system's role and its interaction with the microbiome in the development of DC. In this model using C57BL/6 animals, distal parts of the colon are excluded from the fecal stream by creating a distal colostomy, triggering the development of mild to moderate inflammation in the excluded bowel segments and reproducing the hallmark lesions of human DC with a moderate systemic inflammatory response. In contrast to the rat model, a large number of genetically-modified murine models on the C57BL/6 background are available. The combination of these animals with our model allows the potential roles of individual cytokines, chemokines, or receptors of bioactive molecules (e.g., interleukin (IL)-17; IL-10, chemokine CXCL13, chemokine receptors CXCR5 and CCR7, and the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 4) to be assessed in the pathogenesis of DC. The availability of congenic mouse strains on the C57BL/6 background largely facilitates transfer experiments to establish the roles of distinct cell types involved in the etiology of DC. Finally, the model offers the opportunity to assess the influences of local interventions (e.g., modification of the local microbiome or local anti-inflammatory therapy) on mucosal immunity in affected and non-affected bowel segments and the on systemic immune homeostasis.

Murine distal colostomy provides a murine model for human diversion colitis, a predominantly lymphocytic colitis in colon segment excluded from the fecal stream.

Murine distale kolostomi, en roman Model omledning colitis i C57BL/6 mus

Diversion colitis (DC) is a frequent clinical condition occurring in patients with bowel segments excluded from the fecal stream as a result of a ...

Real-time Pressure-volume Analysis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Mice

Acute myocardial infarction can lead to acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock. The evaluation of hemodynamics is critical for the evaluation of any potential therapeutic approach directed against acute left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Current imaging modalities (e.g., echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging) have several limitations since data on LV pressure cannot directly be measured. LV catheterization in mice undergoing coronary artery occlusion could serve as a novel method for a real-time evaluation of LV function.
At the beginning of the procedure, mice were anesthetized followed by endotracheal intubation. For LV catheterization, the right carotid artery was exposed via middle-neck incision. The catheter was introduced and placed into the LV cavity. Left thoracotomy was conducted and the left main coronary artery (LCA) was ligated. To induce reperfusion, the suture was released after 45 min. Pressure-volume data was recorded at all times.
Ligation of the LCA caused a decrease in LV systolic function as evidenced by a 30% reduction in stroke volume, LV ejection fraction (EF), and cardiac output. Maximum dP/dt as a parameter for LV contractility was also significantly reduced and diastolic function was severely impaired (minimum dP/dt -40%). Reperfusion over a period of 20 min did not lead to a complete recovery of LV function.
Real-time pressure-volume analysis served as a valid procedure for monitoring cardiac function during acute myocardial infarction in mice. Maintaining stable anesthesia and a standardized surgical approach was crucial to ensure valid results. As the early phase of acute myocardial infarction is critical for morbidity and mortality, the delineated method could be beneficial for preclinical evaluation of new strategies for cardioprotection.

Acute myocardial infarction in mice induces acute but incompletely characterized changes in left ventricular (LV) function. LV catheterization in mice undergoing coronary artery occlusion serves as a novel method for a real-time evaluation of LV function.

Real-time pres-binds analyse af akut myokardieinfarkt i mus

Acute myocardial infarction can lead to acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock. The evaluation of hemodynamics is critical for the evaluation of any ...

Inducing Acute Lung Injury in Mice by Direct Intratracheal Lipopolysaccharide Instillation

Airway administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a common way to study pulmonary inflammation and acute lung injury (ALI) in small animal models. Various approaches have been described, such as the inhalation of aerosolized LPS as well as nasal or intratracheal instillation. The presented protocol describes a detailed step-by-step procedure to induce ALI in mice by direct intratracheal LPS instillation and perform FACS analysis of blood samples, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and lung tissue. After intraperitoneal sedation, the trachea is exposed and LPS is administered via a 22 G venous catheter. A robust and reproducible inflammatory reaction with leukocyte invasion, upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, and disruption of the alveolo-capillary barrier is induced within hours to days, depending on the LPS dosage used. Collection of blood samples, BAL fluid, and lung harvesting, as well as the processing for FACS analysis, are described in detail in the protocol. Although the use of the sterile LPS is not suitable to study pharmacologic interventions in infectious diseases, the described approach offers minimal invasiveness, simple handling, and good reproducibility to answer mechanistic immunological questions. Furthermore, dose titration as well as the use of alternative LPS preparations or mouse strains allow modulation of the clinical effects, which can exhibit different degrees of ALI severity or early vs. late onset of disease symptoms.

Presented here is a step-by-step procedure to induce acute lung injury in mice by direct intratracheal lipopolysaccharide instillation and to perform FACS analysis of blood samples, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lung tissue. Minimal invasiveness, simple handling, good reproducibility, and titration of disease severity are advantages of this approach.

Inducerende akut lungeskade i mus ved direkte Intratracheal Lipopolysaccharid instillation

Airway administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a common way to study pulmonary inflammation and acute lung injury (ALI) in small animal models. ...

Acute Kidney Injury Model Induced by Cisplatin in Adult Zebrafish

Cisplatin is commonly used as chemotherapy. Although it has positive effects in cancer-treated individuals, cisplatin can easily accumulate in the kidney due to its low molecular weight. Such accumulation causes the death of tubular cells and can induce the development of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is characterized by a quick decrease in kidney function, tissue damage, and immune cells infiltration. If administered in specific doses cisplatin can be a useful tool as an AKI inducer in animal models. The zebrafish has appeared as an interesting model to study renal function, kidney regeneration, and injury, as renal structures conserve functional similarities with mammals. Adult zebrafish injected with cisplatin shows decreased survival, kidney cell death, and increased inflammation markers after 24 h post-injection (hpi). In this model, immune cells infiltration and cell death can be assessed by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. This protocol describes the procedures to induce AKI in adult zebrafish by intraperitoneal cisplatin injection and subsequently demonstrates how to collect the renal tissue for flow cytometry processing and cell death TUNEL assay. These techniques will be useful to understand the effects of cisplatin as a nephrotoxic agent and will contribute to the expansion of AKI models in adult zebrafish. This model can also be used to study kidney regeneration, in the search for compounds that treat or prevent kidney damage and to study inflammation in AKI. Moreover, the methods used in this protocol will improve the characterization of tissue damage and inflammation, which are therapeutic targets in kidney-associated comorbidities.

This protocol describes the procedures to induce Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in adult zebrafish using cisplatin as a nephrotoxic agent. We detailed the steps to evaluate the reproducibility of the technique and two techniques to analyze inflammation and cell death in the renal tissue, flow cytometry and TUNEL, respectively.

Akut nyreskade model induceret af Cisplatin hos voksne zebrafisk

Cisplatin is commonly used as chemotherapy. Although it has positive effects in cancer-treated individuals, cisplatin can easily accumulate in the kidney ...

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

Ovarian function progressively declines during aging and in some pathophysiological conditions including karyotype abnormality, autoimmune diseases, chemo- and radiation-therapies, as well as ovarian surgeries. In unmarried women with severe ovarian dysfunction, fertility preservation is important for future pregnancies. Although oocyte cryopreservation is an established method for fertility preservation, these patients could only preserve a limited number of oocytes even after ovarian hyperstimulation, leading to repeated stimulations to ensure sufficient oocytes to guarantee future pregnancy. To solve this issue, we have recently developed a drug-free in vitro activation (IVA) procedure, which enable us to stimulate early stages of ovarian follicles to develop to the preantral follicle stage. These preantral follicles can respond to the unique protocol of gonadotropin stimulation, resulting in increased number of retrieved oocytes per ovarian stimulation for cryopreservation. The drug-free IVA comprised from the surgical approach and ovarian stimulation. We removed a part of cortex from one or both ovaries from patients under laparoscopic surgery. The ovarian cortical tissues were cut into small cubes to disrupt the Hippo signaling pathway and stimulate the development of early stage follicles. These cubes were grafted orthotropically into remaining ovaries as well as beneath the serosa of both Fallopian tubes. We have already published the surgical procedure of the drug-free IVA and the protocol of subsequent ovarian stimulation, but herein we present the details of laboratory methods required for drug-free IVA.

We present details of laboratory procedures for drug-free in vitro activation (IVA) of ovarian follicles for patients with severe ovarian dysfunction. This method could increase the number of retrievable oocytes per ovarian hyperstimulation and benefit fertility preservation for those patients.

Fertilitetsbevarelse hos patienter med svær dysfunktion i æggestokkene

Ovarian function progressively declines during aging and in some pathophysiological conditions including karyotype abnormality, autoimmune diseases, ...