Name: gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy via the trans-axillary approach
Uploaded: 2023-09-15T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach at JoVE.com

Cette étude a été menée en stricte conformité avec les principes éthiques énoncés dans la Déclaration d’Helsinki et a adhéré aux lignes directrices établies par le Comité d’éthique de la recherche humaine de notre institution. Le protocole de recherche a fait l’objet d’un examen approfondi et a reçu l’approbation du Comité d’éthique de l’Hôpital de Chine occidentale de l’Université du Sichuan. Tous les patients participants ont donné leur consentement éclairé par écrit avant de part...

<ol>
	<li>Megwalu, U. C., Moon, P. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Thyroid+cancer+incidence+and+mortality+trends+in+the+United+States:+2000-2018.">Thyroid cancer incidence and mortality trends in the United States: 2000-2018.</a> Thyroid. 32 (5), 560-570 (2022).</li><li>Qian, Z. J., Jin, M. C., Meister, K. D., Megwalu, U. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pediatric+thyroid+cancer+incidence+and+mortality+trends+in+the+United+States,+1973-2013.">Pediatric thyroid cancer incidence and mortality trends in the United States, 1973-2013.</a> JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 145 (7), 617-623 (2019).</li><li>Lattoo, M. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Outcome+of+trans-axillary+approach+for+surgical+decompression+of+thoracic+outlet:+a+retrospective+study+in+a+tertiary+care+hospital.">Outcome of trans-axillary approach for surgical decompression of thoracic outlet: a retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital.</a> Oman Med J. 29 (3), 214-216 (2014).</li><li>Kwak, H. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Learning+curve+for+gasless+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+using+the+trans-axillary+approach:+CUSUM+analysis+of+a+single+surgeon's+experience.">Learning curve for gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy using the trans-axillary approach: CUSUM analysis of a single surgeon's experience.</a> Int J Surg. 12 (12), 1273-1277 (2014).</li><li>Yoon, J. H., Park, C. H., Chung, W. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gasless+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+via+an+axillary+approach:+experience+of+30+cases.">Gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy via an axillary approach: experience of 30 cases.</a> Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 16 (4), 226-231 (2006).</li><li>Song, C. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Postoperative+pain+after+robotic+thyroidectomy+by+a+gasless+unilateral+axillo-breast+or+axillary+approach.">Postoperative pain after robotic thyroidectomy by a gasless unilateral axillo-breast or axillary approach.</a> Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 25 (6), 478-482 (2015).</li><li>Ji, Y. B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Long-term+cosmetic+outcomes+after+robotic/endoscopic+thyroidectomy+by+a+gasless+unilateral+axillo-breast+or+axillary+approach.">Long-term cosmetic outcomes after robotic/endoscopic thyroidectomy by a gasless unilateral axillo-breast or axillary approach.</a> J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 24 (4), 248-253 (2014).</li><li>Tan, C. T., Cheah, W. K., Delbridge, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=#34;Scarless&amp;#34;+(in+the+neck)+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+(SET):+an+evidence-based+review+of+published+techniques.">#34;Scarless&amp;#34; (in the neck) endoscopic thyroidectomy (SET): an evidence-based review of published techniques.</a> World J Surg. 32 (7), 1349-1357 (2008).</li><li>Tae, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Initial+experience+with+a+gasless+unilateral+axillo-breast+or+axillary+approach+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+for+papillary+thyroid+microcarcinoma:+comparison+with+conventional+open+thyroidectomy.">Initial experience with a gasless unilateral axillo-breast or axillary approach endoscopic thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: comparison with conventional open thyroidectomy.</a> Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 21 (3), 162-169 (2011).</li><li>Aidan, P., Bechara, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gasless+trans-axillary+robotic+thyroidectomy:+the+introduction+and+principle.">Gasless trans-axillary robotic thyroidectomy: the introduction and principle.</a> Gland Surg. 6 (3), 229-235 (2017).</li><li>Hakim Darail, N. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gasless+transaxillary+endoscopic+thyroidectomy:+a+decade+on.">Gasless transaxillary endoscopic thyroidectomy: a decade on.</a> Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 24 (6), e211-e215 (2014).</li><li>Wei, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Autotransplantation+of+Inferior+Parathyroid+glands+during+central+neck+dissection+for+papillary+thyroid+carcinoma:+a+retrospective+cohort+study.">Autotransplantation of Inferior Parathyroid glands during central neck dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.</a> Int J Surg. 12 (12), 1286-1290 (2014).</li><li>Naytah, M., Ibrahim, I., da Silva, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Importance+of+incorporating+intraoperative+neuromonitoring+of+the+external+branch+of+the+superior+laryngeal+nerve+in+thyroidectomy:+A+review+and+meta-analysis+study.">Importance of incorporating intraoperative neuromonitoring of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve in thyroidectomy: A review and meta-analysis study.</a> Head Neck. 41 (6), 2034-2041 (2019).</li><li>Kim, E. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Single-incision,+gasless,+endoscopic+trans-axillary+total+thyroidectomy:+a+feasible+and+oncologic+safe+surgery+in+patients+with+papillary+thyroid+carcinoma.">Single-incision, gasless, endoscopic trans-axillary total thyroidectomy: a feasible and oncologic safe surgery in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.</a> J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 27 (11), 1158-1164 (2017).</li><li>Wang, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modification+and+application+of+&amp;#34;zero-line+&amp;#34;+incision+design+in+total+endoscopic+gasless+unilateral+axillary+approach+thyroidectomy:+A+preliminary+report.">Modification and application of &amp;#34;zero-line &amp;#34; incision design in total endoscopic gasless unilateral axillary approach thyroidectomy: A preliminary report.</a> Front Surg. 10, 1121292 (2023).</li><li>Dhoomun, D. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+health-related+quality+of+life+and+cosmetic+outcome+between+traditional+gasless+trans-axillary+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+and+modified+gasless+trans-axillary+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+for+patients+with+papillary+thyroid+microcarcinoma.">Comparison of health-related quality of life and cosmetic outcome between traditional gasless trans-axillary endoscopic thyroidectomy and modified gasless trans-axillary endoscopic thyroidectomy for patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.</a> Cancer Med. , (2023).</li><li>Cho, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Single-incision+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+by+the+axillary+approach+with+gas+inflation+for+the+benign+thyroid+tumor:+retrospective+analysis+for+a+single+surgeon's+experience.">Single-incision endoscopic thyroidectomy by the axillary approach with gas inflation for the benign thyroid tumor: retrospective analysis for a single surgeon's experience.</a> Surg Endosc. 31 (1), 437-444 (2017).</li><li>Jeong, J. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparative+study+of+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+versus+conventional+open+thyroidectomy+in+papillary+thyroid+microcarcinoma+(PTMC)+patients.">Comparative study of endoscopic thyroidectomy versus conventional open thyroidectomy in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) patients.</a> J Surg Oncol. 100 (6), 477-480 (2009).</li><li>Lee, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Excellence+in+robotic+thyroid+surgery:+a+comparative+study+of+robot-assisted+versus+conventional+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+in+papillary+thyroid+microcarcinoma+patients.">Excellence in robotic thyroid surgery: a comparative study of robot-assisted versus conventional endoscopic thyroidectomy in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients.</a> Ann Surg. 253 (6), 1060-1066 (2011).</li><li>Cong, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gasless,+endoscopic+trans-axillary+thyroid+surgery:+our+series+of+the+first+51+human+cases.">Gasless, endoscopic trans-axillary thyroid surgery: our series of the first 51 human cases.</a> World J Surg Oncol. 20 (1), 9 (2022).</li><li>Bhargav, P. R., Kumbhar, U. S., Satyam, G., Gayathri, K. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gasless+single+incision+trans-axillary+thyroidectomy:+The+feasibility+and+safety+of+a+hypo-morbid+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+technique.">Gasless single incision trans-axillary thyroidectomy: The feasibility and safety of a hypo-morbid endoscopic thyroidectomy technique.</a> J Minim Access Surg. 9 (3), 116-121 (2013).</li></ol>

L’approche transaxillaire de la thyroïdectomie endoscopique sans gaz (GETTA) est une nouvelle méthode chirurgicale qui traite l’incidence croissante du microcarcinome papillaire de la thyroïde (PTMC) tout en donnant des résultats esthétiques 14,15,16. Néanmoins, cette technique nécessite une compréhension approfondie des étapes opérationnelles clés17. Avant de commencer l’intervention chi...

L’augmentation récente de l’incidence du microcarcinome papillaire de la thyroïde (CMPT)1,2, qui touche principalement les jeunes femmes, nécessite des progrès dans les techniques chirurgicales qui offrent à la fois une efficacité médicale et une sensibilité esthétique 3,4. L’objectif principal de l’approche transaxillaire de la thyroïdectomie endoscopique sans gaz (GETTA), introduite par Chung en 20045, est de fournir une méthode chirurgicale optimale qui combine ces deux besoins.
GETTA a été développé pour répondre aux inconvénients de la chirurgie ouverte traditionnelle, tels que les cicatrices visibles conduisant à la gêne des patients et à un impact négatif potentiel sur leur travail et leurs activités sociales. La chirurgie endoscopique de la thyroïde a été progressivement appliquée dans le traitement des maladies thyroïdiennes bénignes et malignes 3,4, offrant une alternative moins invasive à la chirurgie ouverte. Pourtant, l’innovation de GETTA réside dans son approche unique sans gaz. La procédure GETTA présente plusieurs avantages par rapport aux techniques alternatives. Il établit la cavité à travers les plis naturels de l’aisselle, rendant l’incision cachée et donnant des résultats esthétiques postopératoires supérieurs6. De plus, GETTA ne nécessite pas de gonflage du gaz CO2 pendant l’opération, évitant ainsi les complications liées au gaz CO2. De plus, cette approche laisse intact le lambeau antérieur du cou, ce qui protège la fonction de la région cervicale antérieure après la chirurgie et empêche la déglutition postopératoire de la liaison peau-trachéale 6,7.
La technique s’inscrit dans le corpus plus large de la littérature concernant la chirurgie endoscopique de la thyroïde. Bien qu’il existe de nombreux rapports de recherche sur l’approche transorale et mammaire de la chirurgie endoscopique de la thyroïde 8,9, la chirurgie thyroïdienne non gonflable reste sous-déclarée10,11. Par conséquent, cette méthode constitue une contribution significative dans ce domaine, en fournissant un protocole complet pour la procédure GETTA.
Pour les lecteurs qui envisagent l’application de cette méthode, elle convient mieux aux patients atteints d’un carcinome papillaire de la thyroïde à faible risque à un stade précoce qui souhaitent une cicatrisation minimale après la chirurgie. Cependant, le succès de cette technique dépend de la maîtrise des procédures endoscopiques par le praticien en raison de ses contraintes spatiales. En tant que telle, la méthode peut ne pas convenir aux praticiens sans compétences endoscopiques avancées ou à ceux des centres médicaux ayant un accès limité à l’équipement nécessaire.
Cet article vise à renforcer la compréhension de la procédure GETTA, en offrant un aperçu de son application et, espérons-le, en promouvant son adoption dans davantage de centres médicaux. Les avantages de GETTA vont au-delà de l’efficacité médicale, répondant au désir des patients d’une chirurgie moins invasive avec des résultats esthétiques favorables.

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	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>EMG Endotracheal Tube</td>
			<td>Medtronic Xomed, Inc.</td>
			<td>20173666541</td>
			<td>EMG Endotracheal Tube&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forceps</td>
			<td>Kangji Medical</td>
			<td>106.890.A</td>
			<td>Gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy trans-axillary approach Equipment (Within)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy trans-axillary approach Equipment</td>
			<td>Kangji Medical</td>
			<td>106.890.A</td>
			<td>Gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy trans-axillary approach Equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) Device</td>
			<td>Medtronic Xomed, Inc.</td>
			<td>20083210370</td>
			<td>NIM-Response 2.0</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laparoscopic aspirator</td>
			<td>Kangji Medical</td>
			<td>106.891.A</td>
			<td>Gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy trans-axillary approach Equipment (Within)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nerve monitoring probe</td>
			<td>Medtronic Xomed, Inc.</td>
			<td>20173666541</td>
			<td>EMG Endotracheal Tube (Within)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Retractors (Two types)</td>
			<td>Kangji Medical</td>
			<td>106.890.A</td>
			<td>Gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy trans-axillary approach Equipment (Within)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trocar</td>
			<td>Johnson &#38; Johnson</td>
			<td>B5LT</td>
			<td>Trocar (5 mm)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrasonic scalpel</td>
			<td>Johnson &#38; Johnson</td>
			<td>HAR36</td>
			<td>Ultrasonic scalpel</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy via the trans-axillary approach

Pour les patients atteints d’un carcinome papillaire de la thyroïde précoce et à faible risque, un nombre croissant opte pour la chirurgie endoscopique de la thyroïde en raison de sa capacité à obtenir des résultats thérapeutiques favorables tout en maintenant d’excellents résultats esthétiques. Parmi les procédures endoscopiques disponibles, l’approche transaxillaire de la thyroïdectomie endoscopique sans gaz (GETTA) a gagné en popularité parmi les chirurgiens. Ceci est attribué à sa construction simple de la cavité, à sa zone d’opération spacieuse, à son exposition précise du champ visuel et à sa courbe d’apprentissage gérable. Cependant, peu d’études ont fourni des descriptions détaillées des étapes chirurgicales spécifiques impliquées dans GETTA. Sur la base d’une synthèse de la littérature existante et de notre propre expertise clinique, nous présentons un aperçu complet de la procédure GETTA. Ce processus peut être classé en cinq étapes distinctes : le positionnement et la planification de l’incision ; établissement de cavités chirurgicales ; identification et protection du nerf laryngé récurrent, de la glande parathyroïde inférieure et du curage central du cou ; localisation et préservation du nerf laryngé supérieur, de la glande parathyroïde supérieure et dissection du pôle supérieur de la thyroïde ; Section de l’isthme thyroïdien suivie d’une résection en bloc de la glande thyroïde et des ganglions lymphatiques centraux du cou. L’approche en cinq étapes de GETTA est facile à apprendre et peut être adaptée pour réséquer les maladies thyroïdiennes et parathyroïdiennes bénignes et malignes.

Dans cette étude, une cohorte de 200 patientes, toutes âgées en moyenne de 36 ans (ET = 4,52 ; allant de 20 à 59 ans), a subi l’approche transaxillaire de la thyroïdectomie endoscopique sans gaz (GETTA) (tableau 1). Les patients avaient un indice de masse corporelle (IMC) moyen de 22,79 kg/m2 (écart-type = 4,52 ; intervalle = 18,27-27,31). L’échographie indiquait une taille moyenne de la tumeur de 7,09 mm (ET = 3,84). Tous les patients ont été pleinement informés des options chir...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach at JoVE.com

Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach

Ce protocole présente la procédure de réalisation de la thyroïdectomie à l’aide de l’approche transaxillaire de thyroïdectomie endoscopique sans gaz (GETTA).

Thyroïdectomie endoscopique sans gaz par voie transaxillaire

For patients with early, low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma, an increasing number are opting for endoscopic thyroid surgery due to its ability to ...

L’approche en cinq étapes de GETTA est facile à apprendre et peut être adaptée pour disséquer les maladies thyroïdiennes et parathyroïdiennes bénignes et malignes. Cette technique permet d’obtenir des résultats cosmétiques nettement améliorés. Il élimine l’insufflation de gaz carbonique et préserve la fonction de la région cervicale antérieure.Il s’agit d’une technique viable et sûre pour les patients atteints d’un carcinome papillaire de la thyroïde à faible risque précoce qui souhaitent éviter une cicatrice cervicale. Pour commencer, placez le patient anesthésié en décubitus dorsal et retirez le membre supérieur du côté affecté à un angle de 60 à 90 degrés. Ensuite, faites une incision primaire d’environ quatre à six centimètres de long à l’aide d’un scalpel.Ensuite, créez une incision secondaire d’environ 0,5 centimètre à l’aide d’un scalpel chirurgical pour le trocart. Localisez l’espace entre la tête sternale du muscle mastoïdien de la cléo sternale et la tête de la clavicule. À l’aide du mini bouton du scalpel à ultrasons, coagulez les petits vaisseaux sanguins à l’intérieur de l’espace.Utilisez une pince à dissection dans le scalpel à ultrasons pour disséquer l’espace anatomique entre le muscle sternothyroïdien et la veine jugulaire interne. Disséquer l’espace naturel entre la thyroïde et le muscle sternothyroïdien. Positionnez les écarteurs dans l’espace et terminez la création des cavités chirurgicales.Localisez le nerf laryngé récurrent autour de la bifurcation de l’artère thyroïdienne inférieure à l’aide d’une sonde de surveillance nerveuse. Disséquez la zone autour de l’artère thyroïdienne inférieure tout en protégeant et en coagulant les vaisseaux sanguins thyroïdiens inférieurs pour exposer la trachée. Après avoir coagulé et coupé les branches de l’artère thyroïdienne inférieure, suivez la voie nerveuse jusqu’au larynx, en assurant sa protection pendant le processus de dissection.Effectuez une méthode de curage cervical central, comme une chirurgie ouverte, et retirez les ganglions lymphatiques du compartiment central du cou en fonction de l’étendue de la maladie du patient. Après avoir séparé le pôle supérieur de la glande thyroïde, continuez le processus de séparation le long de l’espace cricothyroïdien pour exposer les vaisseaux sanguins du pôle thyroïdien supérieur. À l’aide du mini bouton du scalpel à ultrasons, coagulez et coupez soigneusement les vaisseaux sanguins du pôle supérieur de la glande thyroïde.Dissociez complètement l’espace entre le pôle supérieur de la glande thyroïde et le muscle cricothyroïdien. Utilisez un scalpel à ultrasons pour coaguler les petits vaisseaux sanguins. Ensuite, retirez à la fois l’isthme thyroïdien et les ganglions lymphatiques situés dans la zone centrale le long de la glande thyroïde.Prélever l’échantillon dans le sac à échantillons. À l’aide d’un aspirateur laparoscopique, rincez la cavité opératoire avec une solution saline stérile et chaude. Placez ensuite un tube de drainage près de la trachée et utilisez une pince à dissection pour guider le tube hors de l’aisselle.Fermez l’incision axillaire avec une suture 4.0 résorbable interrompue de 30 centimètres. Dans cette étude, une cohorte de 200 patientes d’un âge moyen de 36 ans a subi l’approche transaxillaire de la thyroïdectomie endoscopique sans gaz. Cinq patients ont présenté un affaiblissement temporaire récurrent du signal nerveux laryngé, après la chirurgie, qui s’est résolu au bout d’un mois.Aucun cas de lésions permanentes récurrentes du nerf laryngé n’a été observé. Cependant, trois patients ont dû être convertis en chirurgie ouverte en raison d’une hémorragie peropératoire. Il est crucial de reconnaître et de protéger le nerf laryngé récurrent avant toute intervention chirurgicale impliquant une coagulation ou une incision.À la suite de cette procédure, la parathyroïdectomie et le curage ganglionnaire latéral peuvent être exécutés en même temps qu’une intervention. Après un perfectionnement ultérieur, cette technique peut faciliter la thyroïdectomie totale, la parathyroïdectomie et les curages ganglionnaires latéraux, en plus d’être adaptable aux chirurgies mammaires endoscopiques.

gasless-endoscopic-thyroidectomy-via-the-trans-axillary-approach

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Medicine

Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach

Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection

Stroke is a leading cause of death, disability, and socioeconomic loss worldwide. The majority of all strokes result from an interruption in blood flow (ischemia) 1. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) delivers a great majority of blood to the lateral surface of the cortex 2, is the most common site of human stroke 3, and ischemia within its territory can result in extensive dysfunction or death 1,4,5. Survivors of ischemic stroke often suffer loss or disruption of motor capabilities, sensory deficits, and infarct. In an effort to capture these key characteristics of stroke, and thereby develop effective treatment, a great deal of emphasis is placed upon animal models of ischemia in MCA.
Here we present a method of permanently occluding a cortical surface blood vessel. We will present this method using an example of a relevant vessel occlusion that models the most common type, location, and outcome of human stroke, permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). In this model, we surgically expose MCA in the adult rat and subsequently occlude via double ligature and transection of the vessel. This pMCAO blocks the proximal cortical branch of MCA, causing ischemia in all of MCA cortical territory, a large portion of the cortex. This method of occlusion can also be used to occlude more distal portions of cortical vessels in order to achieve more focal ischemia targeting a smaller region of cortex. The primary disadvantages of pMCAO are that the surgical procedure is somewhat invasive as a small craniotomy is required to access MCA, though this results in minimal tissue damage. The primary advantages of this model, however, are: the site of occlusion is well defined, the degree of blood flow reduction is consistent, functional and neurological impairment occurs rapidly, infarct size is consistent, and the high rate of survival allows for long-term chronic assessment.

Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection

We describe a highly reproducible method for the permanent occlusion of a rodent major cerebral blood vessel. This technique can be accomplished with very little peripheral damage, minimal blood loss, a high rate of long-term survival, and consistent infarct volume commensurate with the human clinical population.

Permanent occlusion des vaisseaux cérébraux<em&gt; Via</em&gt; Double ligature et Transection

Stroke is a leading cause of death, disability, and socioeconomic loss worldwide. The majority of all strokes result from an interruption in blood flow ...

Recherche

Médecine

Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice

Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) have provided significant insight into the cell intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that contribute to the onset and progression of intestinal diseases. The identification of new molecules that promote these pathologies has led to a flurry of activity focused on the development of potential new therapies to inhibit their function. As a result, various pre-clinical mouse models with an intact immune system and stromal microenvironment are now heavily used. Here we describe three experimental protocols to test the efficacy of new therapeutics in pre-clinical models of (1) acute mucosal damage, (2) chronic colitis and/or colitis-associated colon cancer, and (3) sporadic colorectal cancer. We also outline procedures for serial endoscopic examination that can be used to document the therapeutic response of an individual tumor and to monitor the health of individual mice. These protocols provide complementary experimental platforms to test the effectiveness of therapeutic compounds shown to be well tolerated by mice.

We describe methods for longitudinal monitoring of the efficacy of therapeutics for the treatment of colonic pathologies in mice using a rigid endoscope. This protocol can be readily used for the characterization of the therapeutic response of an individual tumor in live mice and also for monitoring potential disease relapse.

Évaluation non invasive de l&#39;efficacité de nouveaux traitements pour les pathologies intestinales en utilisant l&#39;imagerie endoscopique de série de souris vivantes

Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) have provided significant insight into the cell intrinsic and extrinsic ...

Step-by-Step Stapedotomy through Transcanal Exclusive Endoscopic Approach

In recent years there has been an increasing trend in the use of the endoscope to treat a variety of middle ear pathologies, including otosclerosis. Several studies comparing traditional microscopic and endoscopic stapes surgery have reported similar hearing results and an overall low rate of complications. The endoscope has unraveled its full potential in demanding settings of stapes surgery, such as unfavorable anatomy of the oval window niche or revision cases. Reduced manipulation of the chorda tympani and low rate of post-operative dysgeusia are further benefits to mention for endoscopic stapes surgery.
Being a one-handed technique, management of bleeding, positioning, and crimping of the prosthesis may be challenging for novice endoscopic surgeons, so some training in endoscopic ear surgery is recommended before performing endoscopic stapedotomy. The problem of sharing the surgical field between the endoscope and the operating instruments could be easily overcome if proper instruments positioning is understood. One-handed bleeding control in the narrow space of the ear canal may represent an issue during the elevation of the tympano-meatal flap, possibly discouraging the surgeon since the preliminary steps of surgery. Following appropriate technique to raise the flap and the collaboration with the anesthesiology team in keeping the blood pressure low guarantee an adequate bleeding control in most cases.
The aim of this article is to describe the entire surgical procedure of a transcanal exclusive endoscopic stapedotomy, from operating room set up and patient positioning to post-operative care. A step-by-step description of the surgical maneuvers with technical hints is reported, to guide the surgeon across the procedure and allow any ear surgeon to perform stapes surgery endoscopically.

The aim of this article is to provide a step-by-step method for endoscopic stapes surgery from operating room setting and patient positioning to post-operative care. This work would represent a guide for any otologic surgeon who is willing to treat otosclerosis with endoscopic transcanal technique.

Stapedotomie étape par étape grâce à l’approche endoscopique exclusive transcanale

In recent years there has been an increasing trend in the use of the endoscope to treat a variety of middle ear pathologies, including otosclerosis. ...

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Implementation of endoscopes in cholesteatoma surgery resulted in considerable changes in the management of cholesteatoma in the last two decades. Compared to the microscopic approach with an excellent but straight-line view and limited illumination, the introduction of endoscopes provides a wide-angled panoramic view. Moreover, angled lenses allow the surgeon to visualize the middle ear and its hidden recesses through a transcanal, minimally-invasive approach. The endoscope enables the surgeon to remove limited cholesteatoma of the middle ear and its recesses using an exclusive endoscopic technique by taking advantage of these benefits. This reduces the rate of residual disease and sparing external incisions and excessive temporal bone drilling as in a transmastoid approach. Since transcanal endoscopic access is mainly a one-handed technique, it implies the need for specific procedures and technical refinements. This article describes a step-by-step guide as a surgical manual for endoscopic removal of epitympanic cholesteatoma. Different techniques for cholesteatoma dissection and bone removal for epitympanectomy, including curettage and powered instruments such as drills and ultrasonic devices with their outcomes, are discussed. This may offer ear surgeons insight into technical refinements and the latest technological developments and open the horizon for different techniques.

The present protocol describes a step-by-step guide for the complete endoscopic removal of epitympanic cholesteatoma with different techniques for cholesteatoma dissection and bone removal for epitympanectomy.

Chirurgie endoscopique du cholestéatome

Implementation of endoscopes in cholesteatoma surgery resulted in considerable changes in the management of cholesteatoma in the last two decades. ...

Laparoscopic Radical Antegrade Modular Pancreatosplenectomy via Dorsal-Caudal Artery Approach for Pancreatic Neck-Body Cancer

Laparoscopic radical resection of the pancreatic neck is one of the most complicated radical operations for pancreatic cancer, especially for patients who have had neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Here, we present a technique to perform laparoscopic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (L-RAMPS) using the dorsal-caudal artery approach by making full use of the high-definition vision and operation modes of the laparoscope.
The innovation and optimization of this operation are provided in the protocol. Priority should be given to the dorsal resection plane, including the dorsal side of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), the dorsal side of the pancreatic head, the root of the celiac artery (CeA), the ventral side of the left renal vessels, and the renal hilum. On the condition that the operation for pancreatic neck-body cancer is feasible and safe, the second step is to perform tumor resection en bloc surrounding the SMA and CeA from the caudal to the cephalic side to increase the rate of R0 (radical zero) resection and further prognosis.

Laparoscopic Radical Antegrade Modular Pancreatosplenectomy via Dorsal-Caudal Artery Approach for Pancreatic Neck-Body Cancer

With advancements in laparoscopic techniques, laparoscopic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (L-RAMPS) has been widely recognized. However, owing to several technical difficulties in this procedure, the artery-first approach in L-RAMPS still remains uncommon. Here, we developed the dorsal-caudal artery approach for L-RAMPS, which might be safe and beneficial for pancreatic neck tumors.

Pancréatosplénectomie modulaire antégrade radicale laparoscopique par approche de l’artère dorso-caudale pour le cancer du cou et du corps pancréatique

Laparoscopic radical resection of the pancreatic neck is one of the most complicated radical operations for pancreatic cancer, especially for patients who ...

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

The manuscript describes the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) for thyroid lobectomy. The patient is placed in the supine position with extension and fixation of the neck. One 20 mm transverse incision and two 5 mm incisions are made through the mucosa of the oral vestibule for camera and instrument placement after disinfection of the skin and oral cavity. The workspace is established and maintained by the skin suspension device, which is made of unabsorbable string (3-0) and rubber bands, and the CO2 insufflation pressure. Lobectomy using a medial-to-lateral technique and prophylactic ipsilateral central neck dissection is performed simultaneously on patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The specimen is extracted through the 20 mm incision. The parathyroid gland is immediately searched for in the specimen and auto-transplanted to the left brachioradialis. A drainage tube is inserted through the retractor hole into the bed of the thyroid gland, and absorbable sutures are used to close the mucosal incisions in the oral vestibule and the linea alba cervicalis. Prophylactics administered intravenously are recommended for the first 24 h after surgery, and oral antibiotics are used for 7 days postoperatively.

Here, we present a protocol to describe the methodology for the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach in detail.

Thyroïdectomie endoscopique transbuccale Approche vestibulaire pour la lobectomie thyroïdienne

The manuscript describes the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) for thyroid lobectomy. The patient is placed in the supine ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Un guide complet étape par étape pour une ossiculoplastie endoscopique exclusive

Techniques of Endoscopic Ossiculoplasty

The utilization of endoscopes in modern otology has evolved from diagnostic purposes to the development of exclusive endoscopic ear surgery. This technique offers a panoramic view of the middle ear and provides an optimal magnification of the oval window region, the stapes' suprastructure, and the footplate, allowing great precision in prosthesis positioning during ossiculoplasty (OPL). Various techniques for ossicular chain reconstruction have been described in the literature. Either autologous or synthetic materials can be used for reconstruction. The use of a patient's own tissue minimizes the risk of implant rejection or extrusion of the prosthesis through the tympanic membrane. On the other hand, synthetic materials like titanium are light and rigid and do not require time-consuming prosthesis remodeling. The main objective of this article is to present a comprehensive step-by-step guide that serves as a surgical manual for exclusive endoscopic OPL. This guide will explain various forms of OPL using synthetic and autologous materials. The goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various surgical techniques and support the integration into clinical practice.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Pleins feux sur l’auteur : Faire progresser l’ossiculoplastie endoscopique – Techniques, innovations et conseils pratiques pour l’intégration clinique

Exclusive Endoscopic ossiculoplasty (EEO) is a promising and minimally invasive approach for the treatment of conductive hearing loss due to ossicular chain disruptions and associated middle ear pathologies. Herein, step-by-step instructions and a discussion of various endoscopic ossiculoplasty techniques are presented.

Techniques d’ossiculoplastie endoscopique

The utilization of endoscopes in modern otology has evolved from diagnostic purposes to the development of exclusive endoscopic ear surgery. This ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Traiter la sténose spinale lombaire avec une chirurgie mini-invasive de la colonne vertébrale

Percutaneous Endoscopic Unilateral-Approach Bilateral Decompression for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) involves the narrowing of the spinal canal due to degenerative changes in the vertebral joints, intervertebral discs, and ligaments. LSS encompasses central canal stenosis (CCS), lateral recess stenosis (LRS), and intervertebral foramen stenosis (IFS). The utilization of lumbar endoscopic unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (LE-ULBD) has gained popularity in the treatment of CCS and LRS. This popularity is attributed to the rapid development of endoscopic instruments and the progress of endoscopic philosophy.
In this technical report, a detailed introduction to the steps and key points of LE-ULBD is provided. Simultaneously, a retrospective review of 132 consecutive patients who underwent LE-ULBD for central canal and/or lateral recess stenosis was conducted. The outcomes after more than two years of follow-up were assessed using the visual analogue score (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, and the modified MacNab criteria to evaluate surgical efficacy. All 132 patients underwent LE-ULBD successfully. Among them, 119 patients were rated as "excellent," while 13 patients were rated as "good" based on the modified MacNab criteria during the last follow-up. Incidental dural tears occurred in four cases, but there were no post-operative epidural hematomas or infections. The experience demonstrates that LE-ULBD is a less invasive, effective, and safe approach. It can be considered as an alternative option for treating patients with lumbar central canal stenosis and/or lateral recess stenosis.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Pleins feux sur l’auteur : Portée de la LE-ULBD en tant qu’approche sûre, efficace et peu invasive pour traiter la sténose spinale lombaire

The present protocol describes the steps and key points of lumbar endoscopic unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression for the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.

Décompression bilatérale endoscopique percutanée à approche unilatérale pour la sténose spinale lombaire

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) involves the narrowing of the spinal canal due to degenerative changes in the vertebral joints, intervertebral discs, and ...