Name: objectification of tongue diagnosis in traditional medicine, data analysis, and study application
Uploaded: 2023-04-14T14:15:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Objectification of Tongue Diagnosis in Traditional Medicine, Data Analysis, and Study Application at JoVE.com

这项工作得到了国家自然基金（批准号：82004504）、国家科技部重点研发计划（批准号：2018YFC1707606）、四川省中医药管理局（批准号：2021MS199）和国家自然基金（批准号：82174236）的支持。

本研究已获国家自然科学基金项目“基于关联分析的中医面部图像动态变化规则构建”批准。伦理批准文号为2021KL-027，伦理委员会已批准按照批准的文件开展临床研究，这些文件包括临床研究方案（2021.04.12，V2.0）、知情同意书（2021.04.12，V2.0）、受试者招募材料（2021.04.12、V2.0）、研究案例和/或病例报告、受试者日记卡和其他问卷（2021.04.12，V2.0）、临床试验参与者名单， 研究项目审批等获得?...

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根据上面给出的比较结果，很明显，所考虑的四种算法的特点是不同的，它们的独特优点和缺点如下所述。U-Net结构基于全卷积网络的修改和扩展，可以通过收缩路径和对称扩展路径获得上下文信息和精确定位。通过对每个像素点进行分类，该算法实现了更高的分割精度，并更快地使用训练好的模型对图像进行分割。另一方面，Seg-Net算法由编码器和解码器的对称结构组成，具有快速适应新问题并?...

舌观察是中国传统民族医学（TCM）中广泛使用的技术。舌头的颜色和形状可以反映身体状况和各种疾病特性、严重程度和预后。例如，在传统苗族医学中，舌头的颜色用于识别体温，例如，红色或紫色舌头表示与热有关的病理因素。在藏医中，通过观察患者的舌头，注意粘液的颜色，形状和水分来判断病情。例如，和易病患者的舌头变得红而粗糙或又黑又干1;Xieri 病2 患者出现舌黄和干燥;同时，巴达坎病3 患者舌头发白、湿润、柔软4。这些观察揭示了舌头特征与生理和病理学之间的密切关系。总体而言，舌头的状态在诊断、疾病识别和治疗效果评估中起着至关重要的作用。
同时，由于不同种族群体的生活条件和饮食习惯不同，舌头图像的差异很明显。实验室模型是在颜色测定国际标准的基础上建立的，由国际克莱里奇委员会（CIE）于1931年制定。1976年，一种颜色图案被修改并命名。Lab 颜色模型由三个元素组成：L 对应于亮度，而 a 和 b 是两个颜色通道。a 包括从深绿色（低亮度值）到灰色（中等亮度值）到亮粉色（高亮度值）的颜色;b 从亮蓝色（低亮度值）到灰色（中等亮度值）再到黄色（高亮度值）。通过比较5个民族舌色的L x a x b值，Yang等5发现苗族、回族、壮族、汉族和蒙古族的舌头图像特征彼此明显不同。例如，蒙古人的舌头颜色深，舌苔是黄色的，而苗族人的舌头是浅色的，舌苔是白色的，这表明舌头特征可以作为评估人口健康状况的诊断指标。此外，舌头图像可以作为民族医学临床研究中循证医学的评价指标。他等6以舌象作为中医诊断的基础，系统评价了周灵丹丸（CLD颗粒，用于治疗炎症和发热性疾病，包括中医季节性流感）联合中西医的安全性和有效性。研究结果确立了舌头图像作为临床研究评价指标的科学有效性。然而，传统医学从业者一般依靠主观性来观察舌头特征，评估患者的生理和病理状况，需要更精确的指标。
互联网和人工智能技术的出现为舌头诊断的数字化和客观化铺平了道路。该过程涉及使用数学模型来提供舌头图像7的定性和客观描述，反映舌头图像的内容。该过程包括几个步骤：图像采集、光学补偿、色彩校正和几何变换。然后将预处理后的图像馈送到算法模型中，用于图像定位和分割、特征提取、模式识别等。该过程的输出是对舌头图像数据的高效、精确诊断，从而达到舌诊客观化、量化化、信息化的目标8。从而达到舌诊数据高效、高精度处理的目的。本研究基于舌诊知识和深度学习技术，利用计算机算法自动将舌体和舌苔与舌头图像分离，以期为医生提取舌头定量特征，提高诊断的可靠性和一致性，为后续舌诊客观化研究提供途径9.

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		<tr>
			<td>CPU</td>
			<td>Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-9700K</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>GPU</td>
			<td>&#160;NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3070 Ti (8192MB)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>Operating systems</td>
			<td>Microsoft Windows 10 Professional Edition (64-bit)</td>
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			<td></td>
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			<td>Programming language</td>
			<td>Python</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>RAM</td>
			<td>16G</td>
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objectification of tongue diagnosis in traditional medicine, data analysis, and study application

舌诊是中医诊断的一项基本技术，通过图像处理技术客观化舌头图像的需求正在增长。本研究概述了过去十年在舌头客观化方面取得的进展，并比较了分割模型。构建了各种深度学习模型，以使用真实的舌头图像集来验证和比较算法。分析了每种模型的优缺点。结果表明，U-Net算法在精度精度（PA）、召回率和平均交集（MIoU）指标方面优于其他模型。然而，尽管在舌头图像采集和处理方面取得了重大进展，但尚未建立客观化舌头诊断的统一标准。为了促进使用移动设备捕获的舌头图像在舌头诊断对象化中的广泛应用，进一步的研究可以解决在复杂环境中捕获的舌头图像带来的挑战。

有关比较结果，请参见图 12、 图 13 和 表 1，其中本研究构建的环境使用相同的样本来训练和测试算法模型。MIoU指标：U-Net > Seg-Net > PSPNet > DeeplabV3;MPA指标：U-Net>Seg-Net>PSPNet>DeeplabV3;精准指标：U-Net > Seg-Net > DeeplabV3 > PSPNet;回想一下：U-Net > Seg-Net > PSPNet > DeeplabV3。指标值越大，分割精度越高，模型性能越好。根据指标结果可以分析出U-Net算法在...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Objectification of Tongue Diagnosis in Traditional Medicine, Data Analysis, and Study Application at JoVE.com

Objectification of Tongue Diagnosis in Traditional Medicine, Data Analysis, and Study Application

本研究采用U-Net等深度学习算法对舌头图像进行分割，并对比分割结果，以研究舌头诊断的客观化。

舌诊在传统医学中的客观化、数据分析与研究应用

Tongue diagnosis is an essential technique of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis, and the need for objectifying tongue images through image ...

该协议使用深度学习算法对舌头图像进行分割，并自动将舌头与整个图像分离，可用于进一步研究。该协议比较了四舌图像分割算法的性能，以选择可以分割舌头的基本算法，具有清晰的计数器。本研究使用了专利仪器和算法。建议使用专业仪器，掌握计算机技术。首先，准备自主研发的手持式舌面诊断仪，采集患者的舌面图像。在计算机页面上填写患者的姓名、性别、年龄和疾病。接下来，要求患者坐直并定位连接到计算机的图像采集设备。然后，将患者的面部放置在图像采集仪器中，并要求他们将舌头伸出嘴巴的最大程度。通过计算机屏幕上的图像验证患者是否处于正确的位置，并且舌头和面部是否完全暴露。按三次计算机屏幕上的拍摄按钮可拍摄三张图像。然后，手动选择收集的面部和舌头图像。根据软件的图像采集页面过滤它们。一次从每位患者收集三张图像，并将图像导出到文件夹中进行手动筛查。接下来，选择一个标准的、完全曝光的、光线充足的、清晰的图像，作为算法训练和测试的样本。删除不符合标准镜像条件的图片。排除标准是不完全的舌头和面部暴露以及图像太暗。要执行舌头图像分割，请打开 LabelMe 并单击界面左上角的 可选 按钮。选择包含要分割的图像的文件夹并打开照片。单击创建面按钮以追踪点。跟踪舌头和舌头形状，根据所选区域命名，然后保存。完成所有跟踪后，单击“保存”将图像保存到数据文件夹。将设备设置为捕获大小为 1080x1920 像素的图像，并确保填充图像的大小为 1920x1920 像素。手动筛选每个患者的图像，以从因不可控因素（例如受试者闪烁和镜头遮挡）而拍摄的三张图像中选择并保留一张。为了训练模型，从 200 个人或 600 张图像中收集数据，并保留大约 200 张在筛选后可用的图像。根据图像编号随机划分所有舌头图像，将70%的图像放入训练集中，将30%的图像放入测试集文件夹中。从他们的官方网站下载并安装Anaconda Python和LabelMe。激活环境，完成整体环境的安装和调整。为研究目的选择合适的模型。在这项研究中，选择了UNet，SegNet，DeepLab Version 3和PSPNet进行验证。接下来，在已安装的环境中构建深度学习算法模型。通过调整值来调整参数，并使用训练集完成模型训练。使用LabelMe标注和统一图像尺寸的方法，结合研究内容构建所需的数据集。检查分割结果，并根据精度、召回率、平均像素精度或 MPA 和 MIOU 四个指标评估模型性能，以获得更全面的评估。比较四个模型的生成值。值越高，分割精度越高，模型的性能越好。根据指标结果，UNet算法在MIOU、MPA、精度和召回率方面优于其他算法，其分割精度也更高。PSPNet在MIOU、MPA和recall方面优于DeepLab Version 3，而DeepLab Version 3模型在所有索引中都低于段模型。在舌头分割中，图像中的外部红色区域来自舌头分割，内部绿色区域来自舌苔分割。本研究单位算法在舌头分割中表现较好，基于单位算法可以进行进一步的研究。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Technique to Collect Fungiform (Taste) Papillae from Human Tongue

Technique to Collect Fungiform Taste Papillae from Human Tongue

技术收集人舌菌状（味道）乳头

The sense of taste is critical for human life. It informs the body about the quality of food that will be potentially ingested and stimulates metabolic ...

科研

医学

Microarray-based Identification of Individual HERV Loci Expression: Application to Biomarker Discovery in Prostate Cancer

应用生物标志物发现在前列腺癌：个别赫尔维位点表达微阵列鉴定

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the main diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer in clinical use, but it lacks specificity and sensitivity, ...

Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis

一种计算机辅助心血管分析诊断平台的研究

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death throughout the world. The total risk of developing CVD is determined by the combined effect ...

High-Throughput Analysis of Optical Mapping Data Using ElectroMap

使用电子地图的光映射数据的高通量分析

Optical mapping is an established technique for high spatio-temporal resolution study of cardiac electrophysiology in multi-cellular preparations. Here we ...

Preparation of Naringenin Solution for In Vivo Application

Preparation of Naringenin Solution for In Vivo Application

柚皮素溶液的制备

The preparation of a compound (phytochemical) solution is an overlooked but critical step prior to its application in studies such as drug screening. The ...

An In Vitro Dissolution Determination of Multi-Index Components in Tibetan Medicine Rhodiola Granules

An In Vitro Dissolution Determination of Multi-Index Components in Tibetan Medicine Rhodiola Granules

藏药红景天颗粒中多指标组分的 体外 溶出度测定

The composition of the Tibetan medicine Rhodiola granules (RG) is complex, and the overall quality of RG is difficult to determine. Therefore, ...

Visualization of Metabolites Identified in the Spatial Metabolome of Traditional Chinese Medicine Using DESI-MSI

使用DESI-MSI鉴定中药空间代谢组中代谢物的可视化

The medicinal use of traditional Chinese medicine is mainly due to its secondary metabolites. Visualization of the distribution of these metabolites has ...

Enema of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis

重症急性胰腺炎患者中药灌肠

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is characterized by high mortality rates, numerous complications, and extreme difficulties in treatment. A traditional ...

A Traditional Chinese Medicine Characteristic Therapy for Bronchial Asthma: Moxibustion

支气管哮喘的中医特色疗法：艾灸

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway which can lead to symptoms such as recurrent wheezing, shortness of breath, chest ...

大鼠膝骨关节炎的标准化推拿手法

Tuina Manipulation to Reduce Inflammation and Cartilage Loss in Knee Osteoarthritis Rats

作者聚焦：了解大鼠推拿操作的机制 

推拿操作以减少膝关节骨关节炎大鼠的炎症和软骨损失

Clinical trials suggest that Tuina manipulation is effective in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA), while further studies are required to discover its ...