Name: Author Spotlight: Advancing Research on Candida albicans Biofilm-Associated Prosthetic Joint Infections
Uploaded: 2024-02-02T12:40:00
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Vi er taknemmelige for den økonomiske støtte fra Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi-provinsen (bevillingsnummer 2021SF-118) og National Natural Science Foundation of China (bevillingsnummer 81973409, 82204631).

Dyrene blev købt fra Xi'an Jiaotong University. Alle dyreforsøgsprocedurer blev godkendt af Institutional Animal Ethical Committee ved Xi'an Jiaotong University (godkendelsesnummer: SCXK [Shaanxi] 2021-103). Musene blev holdt i en uge med 5 mus pr. bur. De fik fri adgang til mad og vand. Dyrene blev opretholdt ved stuetemperatur (RT; 24 °C ± 1 °C) og lys/mørk cyklus (12 t/12 timer), før undersøgelsen blev udført.
1. Forberedelse af buffer og udstyr
<ol><li>C. al...

Establishing a Mouse Model for Candida albicans Biofilm-Related PJI

<ol>
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L., Wilson, D., Hube, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candida+albicans+pathogenicity+mechanisms.">Candida albicans pathogenicity mechanisms.</a> Virulence. 4 (2), 119-128 (2013).</li><li>Fan, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candida+albicans+biofilms:+antifungal+resistance,+immune+evasion,+and+emerging+therapeutic+strategies.">Candida albicans biofilms: antifungal resistance, immune evasion, and emerging therapeutic strategies.</a> International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 60 (5-6), 106673 (2022).</li><li>Tong, Y., Tang, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candida+albicans+infection+and+intestinal+immunity.">Candida albicans infection and intestinal immunity.</a> Microbiological Research. 198, 27-35 (2017).</li><li>Kanaguchi, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+salivary+protein+flow+and+indigenous+microorganisms+on+initial+colonization+of+Candida+albicans+in+an+in+vivo+model.">Effects of salivary protein flow and indigenous microorganisms on initial colonization of Candida albicans in an in vivo model.</a> Bmc Oral Health. 12, 36 (2012).</li><li>Gulati, M., Nobile, C. 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D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candida+albicans+biofilms+and+human+disease.">Candida albicans biofilms and human disease.</a> Annual Review of Microbiology. 69, 71-92 (2015).</li><li>Mack, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biofilm+formation+in+medical+device-related+infection.">Biofilm formation in medical device-related infection.</a> The International Journal of Artificial Organs. 29 (4), 343-359 (2006).</li><li>Miller, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Periprosthetic+joint+infection:+A+review+of+antibiotic+treatment.">Periprosthetic joint infection: A review of antibiotic treatment.</a> JBJS Reviews. 8 (7), e1900224 (2020).</li><li>Brown, T. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Periprosthetic+joint+infection+with+fungal+pathogens.">Periprosthetic joint infection with fungal pathogens.</a> The Journal of Arthroplasty. 33 (8), 2605-2612 (2018).</li><li>Kojic, E. M., Darouiche, R. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candida+infections+of+medical+devices.">Candida infections of medical devices.</a> Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 17 (2), 255-267 (2004).</li><li>Schoof, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fungal+periprosthetic+joint+infection+of+the+hip:+a+systematic+review.">Fungal periprosthetic joint infection of the hip: a systematic review.</a> Orthopedic Reviews (Pavia). 7 (1), 5748 (2015).</li><li>Izakovicova, P., Borens, O., Trampuz, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Periprosthetic+joint+infection:+current+concepts+and+outlook.">Periprosthetic joint infection: current concepts and outlook.</a> EFORT Open Reviews. 4 (7), 482-494 (2019).</li><li>Tande, A. J., Patel, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prosthetic+joint+infection.">Prosthetic joint infection.</a> Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 27 (2), 302-345 (2014).</li><li>Stocks, G., Janssen, H. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Infection+in+patients+after+implantation+of+an+orthopedic+device.">Infection in patients after implantation of an orthopedic device.</a> ASAIO Journal. 46 (6), S41-S46 (2000).</li><li>Shahi, A., Tan, T. L., Chen, A. F., Maltenfort, M. G., Parvizi, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In-hospital+mortality+in+patients+with+periprosthetic+joint+infection.">In-hospital mortality in patients with periprosthetic joint infection.</a> The Journal of Arthroplasty. 32 (3), 948-952 (2017).</li><li>Carli, A. V., Ross, F. P., Bhimani, S. J., Nodzo, S. R., Bostrom, M. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Developing+a+clinically+representative+model+of+periprosthetic+joint+infection.">Developing a clinically representative model of periprosthetic joint infection.</a> The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. 98 (19), 1666-1676 (2016).</li><li>Stavrakis, A. I., Niska, J. A., Loftin, A. H., Billi, F., Bernthal, N. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Understanding+infection:+A+primer+on+animal+models+of+periprosthetic+joint+infection.">Understanding infection: A primer on animal models of periprosthetic joint infection.</a> The Scientific World Journal. 2013, 925906 (2013).</li><li>Qiao, B., Lv, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrochemical+investigation+of+interaction+of+candida+albicans+with+titanium-nickel+implant+in+human+saliva.">Electrochemical investigation of interaction of candida albicans with titanium-nickel implant in human saliva.</a> International Journal of Electrochemical Science. 17 (2), 22028 (2022).</li><li>Oh, Y. R., Ku, H. M., Kim, D., Shin, S. J., Jung, I. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficacy+of+a+Nickel-titanium+ultrasonic+instrument+for+biofilm+removal+in+a+simulated+complex+root+canal.">Efficacy of a Nickel-titanium ultrasonic instrument for biofilm removal in a simulated complex root canal.</a> Materials. 13 (21), 4914 (2020).</li><li>Feldman, A. T., Wolfe, D., Christina E, D. a. y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tissue+Processing+and+Hematoxylin+and+Eosin+Staining.">Tissue Processing and Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining.</a> Histopathology: Methods and Protocols. , 31-43 (2014).</li><li>Sinclair, K. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Model+development+for+determining+the+efficacy+of+a+combination+coating+for+the+prevention+of+perioperative+device+related+infections:+A+pilot+study.">Model development for determining the efficacy of a combination coating for the prevention of perioperative device related infections: A pilot study.</a> Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part B Applied Biomaterials. 101 (7), 1143-1153 (2013).</li><li>Mo, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vitro+and+in+vivo+effects+of+the+combination+of+myricetin+and+miconazole+nitrate+incorporated+to+thermosensitive+hydrogels,+on+C.+albicans+biofilms.">In vitro and in vivo effects of the combination of myricetin and miconazole nitrate incorporated to thermosensitive hydrogels, on C. albicans biofilms.</a> Phytomedicine. 71, 153223 (2020).</li><li>Zahar, A., Sarungi, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Diagnosis+and+management+of+the+infected+total+knee+replacement:+a+practical+surgical+guide.">Diagnosis and management of the infected total knee replacement: a practical surgical guide.</a> Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics. 8 (1), 14 (2021).</li><li>Parvizi, J., Jacovides, C., Zmistowski, B., Jung, K. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Definition+of+periprosthetic+joint+infection:+Is+there+a+consensus.">Definition of periprosthetic joint infection: Is there a consensus.</a> Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 469 (11), 3022-3030 (2011).</li><li>Karczewski, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candida+periprosthetic+joint+infections+-+risk+factors+and+outcome+between+albicans+and+non-albicans+strains.">Candida periprosthetic joint infections - risk factors and outcome between albicans and non-albicans strains.</a> International Orthopaedics. 46 (3), 449-456 (2022).</li><li>Cobo, F., Rodriguez-Granger, J., Sampedro, A., Aliaga-Martinez, L., Navarro-Mari, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candida+prosthetic+joint+infection.+A+review+of+treatment+methods.">Candida prosthetic joint infection. A review of treatment methods.</a> Journal of Bone and Joint Infection. 2 (2), 114-121 (2017).</li><li>Cobrado, L., Silva-Dias, A., Azevedo, M. M., Pina-Vaz, C., Rodrigues, A. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+antibiofilm+effect+of+cerium,+chitosan+and+hamamelitannin+against+usual+agents+of+catheter-related+bloodstream+infections.">In vivo antibiofilm effect of cerium, chitosan and hamamelitannin against usual agents of catheter-related bloodstream infections.</a> Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 68 (1), 126-130 (2013).</li><li>Vila, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Therapeutic+implications+of+C.+albicans-S.+aureus+mixed+biofilm+in+a+murine+subcutaneous+catheter+model+of+polymicrobial+infection.">Therapeutic implications of C. albicans-S. aureus mixed biofilm in a murine subcutaneous catheter model of polymicrobial infection.</a> Virulence. 12 (1), 835-851 (2021).</li><li>Nishitani, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantifying+the+natural+history+of+biofilm+formation+in+vivo+during+the+establishment+of+chronic+implant-associated+Staphylococcus+aureus+osteomyelitis+in+mice+to+identify+critical+pathogen+and+host+factors.">Quantifying the natural history of biofilm formation in vivo during the establishment of chronic implant-associated Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis in mice to identify critical pathogen and host factors.</a> Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 33 (9), 1311-1319 (2015).</li><li>Ormsby, R. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evidence+for+osteocyte-media+ted+bone-matrix+degradation+associated+with+periprosthetic+joint+infection+(PJI).">Evidence for osteocyte-media ted bone-matrix degradation associated with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).</a> European Cells &amp; Materials. 42, 264-280 (2021).</li><li>Garlito-D&#237;az, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+new+antifungal-loaded+sol-gel+can+prevent+candida+albicans+prosthetic+joint+infection.">A new antifungal-loaded sol-gel can prevent candida albicans prosthetic joint infection.</a> Antibiotics (Basel). 10 (6), 711 (2021).</li><li>Harro, J. 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Infektionen forårsaget af forurening af kirurgiske instrumenter eller det kirurgiske miljø under operationen er hovedårsagen til de fleste implantatinfektioner 24,25,26,27. Derfor blev en mus C. albicans biofilmrelateret PJI-model konstrueret i denne undersøgelse. Sammenlignet med den traditionelle PJI-model, hvor sterile rustfrie stålpartikler suspenderet i saltvand blev anvendt ...

Candida albicans (C. albicans) bor kommensalt i mange dele af menneskekroppen1, som også er det mest almindelige opportunistiske patogen, der forårsager livstruende invasive svampeinfektioner, især hos immunkompromitterede patienter 2,3. C. albicans kan transformere mellem gær og mycelium stater som en polymorf svamp. Myceliumtilstanden udviser højere virulens, stærkere vedhæftning og invasion af celler og væv 4,5. Desuden kan C. albicans danne biofilm på overfladerne af biomedicinske materialer såsom proteser, katetre og stents 1,6,7. Den tætte tredimensionelle struktur af biofilm begrænser infiltrationen af svampedræbende stoffer, udtrykker lægemiddelresistente gener og nedregulerer svampecellernes metabolisme for at modstå immunsystemets clearance 6,7. Derfor er biofilmrelaterede infektioner ret udfordrende i klinikker8.
Staphylococcus aureus, koagulase-negative stafylokokker og enterobacter er de vigtigste patogener, der forårsager PJI9. Selvom forekomsten af svampe-PJI er relativt lav (ca. 1%)10, er behandlingsomkostningerne for svampe-PJI højere11, behandlingscyklussen er længere11, og behandlingssuccesraten er lavere10 end bakteriel PJI. I de senere år har forekomsten af svampe PJI været stigende år for år10. Candida PJI tegner sig for 77% -84% af svampe PJI10,12, og C. albicans er den mest almindelige i Candida (54%). Derfor skal svampe PJI undersøges.
I øjeblikket behandles PJI via revisionskirurgi ved (1) at fjerne det inficerede implantat, (2) debridering, (3) antimikrobiel behandling og (4) reimplantation. Efter grundig debridering placeres et antibiotikum, der indeholder knoglecement, og patienten behandles systematisk med antibiotika i mere end 6 uger for effektivt at kontrollere infektionen, før et nyt implantat placeres13. Denne metode kan imidlertid ikke fuldt ud eliminere patogener i væv, og tilbagevendende infektioner behandlet med langvarig antimikrobiel terapi er højst sandsynligt at udvikle sig i lægemiddelresistente stammer 14,15,16.
Etablering af dyremodeller af PJI er vigtig for forskning og udvikling af nye lægemidler eller terapi til PJI. I udviklingen af PJI dannes store døde rum omkring protesen, hvilket fører til dannelse af hæmatomer, som yderligere blokerer blodforsyningen til det omgivende væv og forringer virkningen af antibiotika11,15. På grund af vanskeligheden ved at efterligne protesens omgivende miljø kan traditionelle dyremodeller ikke nøjagtigt simulere den faktiske situation for PJI17,18.
I dette papir blev en C. albicans biofilmassocieret PJI-model i mus konstrueret ved hjælp af en klinisk udbredt titanium-nikkeltråd til at simulere ledimplantater19,20. Denne PJI-model udviser fordelene ved nem betjening, høj succesrate, høj repeterbarhed og høj klinisk korrelation. Det forventes at være en vigtig model for undersøgelse af forebyggelse og behandling af C. albicans biofilmrelaterede PJI.

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		<tr>
			<td>0.5 Mactutrius turbidibris</td>
			<td>Shanghai Lujing Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>5106063</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4 &#176;C refrigerator</td>
			<td>Electrolux (China) Electric Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>ESE6539TA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Agar</td>
			<td>Beijing Aoboxing Bio-tech Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>01-023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Analytical balances</td>
			<td>Shimadzu</td>
			<td>ATX124</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Autoclaves Sterilizer</td>
			<td>SANYO</td>
			<td>MLS-3750</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carbenicillin</td>
			<td>Amresco</td>
			<td>C0885</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Eclipse Ci Nikon upright optical microscope&#160;</td>
			<td>Nikon</td>
			<td>Eclipse Ts2-FL</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glucose</td>
			<td>Macklin&#160;</td>
			<td>D823520</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Inoculation ring</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>251586</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane</td>
			<td>RWD</td>
			<td>20210103</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaCl</td>
			<td>Xi&#39;an Jingxi Shuanghe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>20180108</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paraformaldehyde</td>
			<td>Beyotime Biotechnology</td>
			<td>P0099</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Peptone</td>
			<td>Beijing Aoboxing Bio-tech Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>01-001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RWD R550 multi-channel small animal anesthesia machine&#160;</td>
			<td>RWD</td>
			<td>R550</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SEM</td>
			<td>Hitachi</td>
			<td>TM-1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Temperature incubator</td>
			<td>Shanghai Zhichu Instrument Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>ZQTY-50N</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrapure water water generator</td>
			<td>Heal Force</td>
			<td>NW20VF</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrasound machine</td>
			<td>Do-Chrom</td>
			<td>DS10260D</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Yeast extract</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific&#160;Oxoid</td>
			<td>LP0021B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
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a periprosthetic joint candida albicans infection model in mouse

Periprostetisk ledinfektion (PJI) er en af de almindelige infektioner forårsaget af Candida albicans (C. albicans), som i stigende grad vedrører kirurger og forskere. Generelt dannes biofilm, der kan beskytte C. albicans mod antibiotika og immunclearance på infektionsstedet. Kirurgi, der involverer fjernelse af det inficerede implantat, debridering, antimikrobiel behandling og reimplantation er guldstandarden til behandling af PJI. Etablering af PJI-modeller for dyr har således stor betydning for forskning og udvikling af nye lægemidler eller lægemidler til PJI. I denne undersøgelse blev en glat nikkel-titaniumlegeringstråd, et meget anvendt implantat i ortopædiske klinikker, indsat i lårbensleddet på en C57BL/6-mus, før C. albicans blev podet i ledhulen langs ledningen. Efter 14 dage blev modne og tykke biofilm observeret på overfladen af implantater under et scanningselektronisk mikroskop (SEM). En signifikant reduceret knogletrabecula blev fundet i H&E-farvningen af de inficerede ledprøver. For at opsummere blev der etableret en mus PJI-model med fordelene ved nem betjening, høj succesrate, høj repeterbarhed og høj klinisk korrelation. Dette forventes at være en vigtig model for kliniske studier af C. albicans biofilmrelaterede PJI-forebyggelse.

Candida albicans (C. albicans) commensally reside in many parts of the human body1, which is also the most common opportunistic pathogen that causes life-threatening invasive fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised patients2,3. C. albicans can transform between yeast and mycelium states as a polymorphic fungus. The mycelium state exhibits higher virulence, stronger adhesion, and invasion of cells and tissues4,5. Besides, C. albicans can form biofilms on the surfaces of biomedical materials such as dentures, catheters, and stents1,6,7. The dense three-dimensional structure of biofilms restricts the infiltration of antifungal drugs, expresses drug-resistant genes, and down-regulates the metabolism of fungal cells to resist immune system clearance6,7. Therefore, biofilms-related infections&#160;are quite challenging in clinics8.
Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococcus, and enterobacter are the main pathogens causing PJI9. Although the incidence of fungal PJI is relatively low (about 1%)10, the treatment cost of fungal PJI is higher11, the treatment cycle is longer11, and the treatment success rate is lower10 than bacterial PJI. In recent years, the incidence of fungal PJI has been increasing year-by-year10. Candida PJI accounts for 77%-84% of fungal PJI10,12, and C. albicans is the most common in Candida (54%). Therefore, fungal PJI needs to be studied.
Currently, PJI is treated via revision surgery by (1) removing the infected implant, (2) debridement, (3) antimicrobial treatment, and (4) reimplantation. After thorough debridement, an antibiotic containing bone cement is placed, and the patient is treated with antibiotics systemically for more than 6 weeks to effectively control the infection before a new implant is placed13. However, this method cannot fully eliminate pathogens in tissues, and recurrent infections treated with long-term antimicrobial therapy are highly likely to develop in drug-resistant strains14,15,16.
Establishing animal models of PJI is important for the research and development of new drugs or therapeutics for PJI. In the development of PJI, large dead spaces are formed around the prosthesis, leading to the formation of hematomas, which further block the blood supply of the surrounding tissues and impair the effect of antibiotics11,15. Due to the difficulty in mimicking the surrounding environment of the prosthesis, traditional animal models cannot accurately simulate the actual situation of PJI17,18.
In this paper, a C. albicans biofilm-associated PJI model in mice was constructed by using a clinically widely used titanium-nickel wire to simulate joint implants19,20. This PJI model exhibits the advantages of easy operation, high successful rate, high repeatability, and high clinical correlation. It is expected to be an important model for studying the prevention and treatment of C. albicans biofilm-related PJI.

Author Spotlight: Advancing Research on Candida albicans Biofilm-Associated Prosthetic Joint Infections 

En periprostetisk fælles Candida albicans infektionsmodel i mus

Overførsel af prøverne til et plademedium og tælling af kolonier efter inkubation natten over anvendes almindeligvis til at vurdere den lokale patogenbelastning nær læsionen22,23. I vores undersøgelse var den mikrobielle kultur af lever-, nyre- og miltprøver negativ, hvilket indikerer, at modellen i denne undersøgelse kun førte til lokal infektion i stedet for systemisk infektion hos musene23.
SEM-bille...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Advancing Research on Candida albicans Biofilm-Associated Prosthetic Joint Infections at JoVE.com

Periprostetisk ledinfektion (PJI) forårsaget af farlige patogener er almindelig i klinisk ortopædi. Eksisterende dyremodeller kan ikke nøjagtigt simulere den faktiske situation for PJI. Her etablerede vi en Candida albicans biofilmassocieret PJI-musemodel for at forske og udvikle nye lægemidler til PJI.

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the common infections caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans), which increasingly concerns surgeons and ...

I denne undersøgelse af Candida albicans biofilmassocierede periprotetiske led, Candida albicans infektionsmodel hos mus blev konstrueret ved hjælp af titanium-nikkeltråd, der almindeligvis anvendes til at simulere ledimplantater. Denne PJI-model er nem at betjene, har en høj succesrate og er klinisk relevant. Det vil hjælpe med at forstå forebyggelse og behandling af Candida albicans biofilmrelaterede PJI.Traditionelle dyremodeller kan ikke nøjagtigt simulere den faktiske situation for PJI på grund af det komplekse miljø omkring processerne. Candida albicans biofilm-relaterede mus PJI model, kan løse forskningsgabet. Etableringen af PJI dyremodel er meget vigtig for forskning og udvikling af nye lægemidler eller terapi til PJI.Candida albicans biofilm-associerede mus PJI-model, der er etableret i dette papir, forventes at være en vigtig model til forebyggelse og behandling af Candida albicans biofilmassocierede PJI.