<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Etablera en sammansatt aknemodell hos råttor med hjälp av oljesyra och C. acnes

<ol>
	<li>Cooper, A. J., Harris, V. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modern+management+of+acne.">Modern management of acne.</a> The Medical Journal of Australia. 206 (1), 41-45 (2017).</li><li>Vos, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Years+lived+with+disability+(YLDs)+for+1160+sequelae+of+289+diseases+and+injuries+1990-2010:+a+systematic+analysis+for+the+Global+Burden+of+Disease+Study+2010.">Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.</a> Lancet. 380 (9859), 2163-2196 (2012).</li><li>Layton, A. M., Thiboutot, D., Tan, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reviewing+the+global+burden+of+acne:+how+could+we+improve+care+to+reduce+the+burden.">Reviewing the global burden of acne: how could we improve care to reduce the burden.</a> The British Journal of Dermatology. 184 (2), 219-225 (2021).</li><li>Hazarika, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acne+vulgaris:+new+evidence+in+pathogenesis+and+future+modalities+of+treatment.">Acne vulgaris: new evidence in pathogenesis and future modalities of treatment.</a> Journal of Dermatological Treatment. 32 (3), 277-285 (2021).</li><li>Das, S., Reynolds, R. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recent+advances+in+acne+pathogenesis:+implications+for+therapy.">Recent advances in acne pathogenesis: implications for therapy.</a> American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. 15 (6), 479-488 (2014).</li><li>Dr&#233;no, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cutibacterium+acnes+(Propionibacterium+acnes)+and+acne+vulgaris:+a+brief+look+at+the+latest+updates.">Cutibacterium acnes (Propionibacterium acnes) and acne vulgaris: a brief look at the latest updates.</a> Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV. 32, 5-14 (2018).</li><li>Marples, R. R., Downing, D. T., Kligman, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Control+of+free+fatty+acids+in+human+surface+lipids+by+Corynebacterium+acnes.">Control of free fatty acids in human surface lipids by Corynebacterium acnes.</a> The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 56 (2), 127-131 (1971).</li><li>Katsuta, Y., Iida, T., Hasegawa, K., Inomata, S., Denda, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Function+of+oleic+acid+on+epidermal+barrier+and+calcium+influx+into+keratinocytes+is+associated+with+N-methyl+D-aspartate-type+glutamate+receptors.">Function of oleic acid on epidermal barrier and calcium influx into keratinocytes is associated with N-methyl D-aspartate-type glutamate receptors.</a> The British Journal of Dermatology. 160 (1), 69-74 (2009).</li><li>Kurokawa, I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=New+developments+in+our+understanding+of+acne+pathogenesis+and+treatment.">New developments in our understanding of acne pathogenesis and treatment.</a> Experimental Dermatology. 18 (10), 821-832 (2009).</li><li>Clayton, R. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Homeostasis+of+the+sebaceous+gland+and+mechanisms+of+acne+pathogenesis.">Homeostasis of the sebaceous gland and mechanisms of acne pathogenesis.</a> The British Journal of Dermatology. 181 (4), 677-690 (2019).</li><li>Cong, T. X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=From+pathogenesis+of+acne+vulgaris+to+anti-acne+agents.">From pathogenesis of acne vulgaris to anti-acne agents.</a> Archives of dermatological research. 311 (5), 337-349 (2019).</li><li>Ji, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analgesic+and+anti-inflammatory+effects+and+mechanism+of+action+of+borneol+on+photodynamic+therapy+of+acne.">Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of action of borneol on photodynamic therapy of acne.</a> Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. 75, 103329 (2020).</li><li>Ou-Yang, X. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nontargeted+metabolomics+to+characterize+the+effects+of+isotretinoin+on+skin+metabolism+in+rabbit+with+acne.">Nontargeted metabolomics to characterize the effects of isotretinoin on skin metabolism in rabbit with acne.</a> Frontiers in Pharmacology. 13, 963472 (2022).</li><li>Zhu, Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Skin+microbiome+reconstruction+and+lipid+metabolism+profile+alteration+reveal+the+treatment+mechanism+of+Cryptotanshinone+in+the+acne+rat.">Skin microbiome reconstruction and lipid metabolism profile alteration reveal the treatment mechanism of Cryptotanshinone in the acne rat.</a> Phytomedicine. 101, 154101 (2022).</li><li>Jang, Y. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=HR-1+mice:+A+new+inflammatory+acne+mouse+model.">HR-1 mice: A new inflammatory acne mouse model.</a> Annals of Dermatology. 27 (3), 257-264 (2015).</li><li>De Young, L. M., Young, J. M., Ballaron, S. J., Spires, D. A., Puhvel, S. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intradermal+injection+of+Propionibacterium+acnes:+a+model+of+inflammation+relevant+to+acne.">Intradermal injection of Propionibacterium acnes: a model of inflammation relevant to acne.</a> The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 83 (5), 394-398 (1984).</li><li>Chen, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+skin+lipidomics+study+reveals+the+therapeutic+effects+of+Tanshinones+in+a+rat+model+of+acne.">A skin lipidomics study reveals the therapeutic effects of Tanshinones in a rat model of acne.</a> Frontiers in Pharmacology. 12, 675659 (2021).</li><li>Cao, J., Xu, M., Zhu, L., Xiao, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Viaminate+ameliorates+Propionibacterium+acnes-induced+acne+via+inhibition+of+the+TLR2/NF-&#954;B+and+MAPK+pathways+in+rats.">Viaminate ameliorates Propionibacterium acnes-induced acne via inhibition of the TLR2/NF-&#954;B and MAPK pathways in rats.</a> Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology. 396 (7), 1487-1500 (2023).</li><li>Kolar, S. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Propionibacterium+acnes-induced+immunopathology+correlates+with+health+and+disease+association.">Propionibacterium acnes-induced immunopathology correlates with health and disease association.</a> JCI insight. 4 (5), e124687 (2019).</li><li>Zhong, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibition+of+protein+glycosylation+is+a+novel+pro-angiogenic+strategy+that+acts+via+activation+of+stress+pathways.">Inhibition of protein glycosylation is a novel pro-angiogenic strategy that acts via activation of stress pathways.</a> Nature Communications. 11 (1), 6330 (2020).</li><li>O'Neill, A. M., Gallo, R. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Host-microbiome+interactions+and+recent+progress+into+understanding+the+biology+of+acne+vulgaris.">Host-microbiome interactions and recent progress into understanding the biology of acne vulgaris.</a> Microbiome. 6 (1), 177 (2018).</li><li>Moradi Tuchayi, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acne+vulgaris.">Acne vulgaris.</a> Nature Reviews. Disease Primers. 1, 15029 (2015).</li><li>American Academy of Dermatology. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=American+Academy+of+Dermatology+invitational+symposium+on+comedogenicity.">American Academy of Dermatology invitational symposium on comedogenicity.</a> Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 20 (2), 272-277 (1989).</li><li>Katsambas, A. D., Cunliffe, W. J., Zoubolis, C. C., Zouboulis, C. C., Katsambas, A. D., Kligman, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+aspects+of+acne+vulgaris.">Clinical aspects of acne vulgaris.</a> Pathogenesis and treatment of acne and rosacea. , 213-221 (2014).</li><li>Williams, H. C., Dellavalle, R. P., Garner, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acne+vulgaris.">Acne vulgaris.</a> Lancet. 379 (9813), 361-372 (2012).</li><li>Rocha, M. A., Bagatin, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Skin+barrier+and+microbiome+in+acne.">Skin barrier and microbiome in acne.</a> Archives of Dermatological Research. 310 (3), 181-185 (2018).</li></ol>

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Anaero-indicator&#160;</td>
			<td>Mitsubishi, Japan</td>
			<td>C-22</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AnaeroPack</td>
			<td>Mitsubishi, Japan</td>
			<td>C-11, C-41</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Columbia blood agar plate</td>
			<td>BeNa Cuture Collection, China</td>
			<td>BNCC330605</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Constant temperature incubator</td>
			<td>SHANGCHENG, China</td>
			<td>303-0</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cotton swab</td>
			<td>HYNAUT, China</td>
			<td>_</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cutibacterium acnes</td>
			<td>BeNa Cuture Collection, China</td>
			<td>BNCC330605</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dako REAL EnVision Detection System, Peroxidase/DAB+, Rabbit/Mouse</td>
			<td>DAKO, Denmark</td>
			<td>K5007</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>disposable sterile injection needle</td>
			<td>Zhejiang Oujian Medical Apparatus, China</td>
			<td>_</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electronic scale</td>
			<td>JINXUAN, China</td>
			<td>A017</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electronic vernier caliper</td>
			<td>Deli, China</td>
			<td>DL90150</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oleic acid (Analytical reagent, AR)</td>
			<td>Fangzheng, China</td>
			<td>_</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium chloride injection</td>
			<td>CR Double CRANE, China</td>
			<td>Y2212241</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SPSS Statistics</td>
			<td>IBM, USA</td>
			<td>26.0</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>sterile hypodermic syringes</td>
			<td>Shandong weigao group medical polymer, China</td>
			<td>_</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TNF Alpha Monoclonal antibody</td>
			<td>Proteintech Group,int, USA</td>
			<td>60291-1-lg</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a rat model of compound acne

Acne vulgaris is a common chronic skin disease characterized by the presence of comedones, papules, and pustules on the face, neck, and chest, which, in severe cases, may progress to nodules, cysts, and permanent scars1. Epidemiological studies report that acne impacts 9.4% of the global population while its resulting symptoms pose severe physical and psychosocial challenges2,3.
The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial, including four critical processes: excess sebum production, comedone formation, follicular colonization by skin microbiota, and the release of inflammatory mediators around the pilosebaceous unit4,5. Increased sebum secretion, resulting in the accumulation of excess unsaturated free fatty acids (UFFAs), contributes to the abnormal reproduction of skin microbiota, one of which is Cutibacterium acnes, as shown in genomic studies6. Meanwhile, skin microbiota decomposes the sebum and increases the concentration of UFFAs, leading to a vicious circle7. In addition, excess UFFAs cause hyperkeratinization in hair follicles, which in turn triggers acne8. Skin microbiota and increased sebum both activate Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to produce multiple proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1 and TNF-&#945;9,10. This cascade of inflammation, coupled with increased sebum and microbial overgrowth, culminates in pronounced hyperkeratosis of the hair follicle and the onset of acne11.
The rapid development in the field of acne research and related clinical requirements has driven the creation of a series of animal models of acne inflammation on the rat ear, the backs of rats or mice, and rabbit ear12,13,14,15. The methods include intradermal injection of C. acnes,&#160;the application of oils on the skin to simulate the abnormal secretion of the sebaceous glands and hyperkeratinization, or a combination of both to accelerate the skin inflammation to form acne16,17,18,19. However, the usage and dosage of chemical agents and biological agents vary among previous studies, which may confuse researchers intending to establish an appropriate acne model. This study aimed to establish an easy-to-operate and effective method to form a compound acne rodent model and provide a model reference for researchers studying acne vulgaris.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Författare Spotlight: Utveckling och utvärdering av en sammansatt akne gnagarmodell med hjälp av C. acnes och oljesyra

En råtta modell av sammansatt akne

This study aims to establish an easy-to-operate and effective method to form a compound acne rodent model. We confirm that this compound acne rodent model is better than the models only induced by Cutibacterium acnes or oleic acids. Some researchers only adopted a single methodology to cause acne inflammation such as applying oils or injecting microbes.However, studies show that interplay between both exacerbates acne inflammation. This protocol aims to provide a method and evaluation criteria for an acne model that combines C.acnes with oleic acids. Our findings show that the compound model induced by oils and C.acnes may be more consistent with the clinical lesion of acne compared to smearing oleic acid alone or injecting C.acnes alone.Furthermore, we try to establish criteria for evaluating acne inflammation.

Acne vulgaris is a prevalent chronic skin condition characterized by the presence of comedones, papules, and pustules on the face, neck, and chest. To ...

Without Section

Research

A Rat Model of Compound Acne

JoVE Journal

Medicine

1.0K Views.  Capital Medical University. This study aims to establish an easy-to-operate and effective method to form a compound acne rodent model. We confirm that this compound acne rodent model is better than the models only induced by Cutibacterium acnes or oleic acids. Some researchers only adopted a single methodology to cause acne inflammation such as applying oils or injecting microbes.However, studies show that interplay between both exacerbates acne inflammation. This protocol aims to provide a method and evaluation ...