Name: Autore in primo piano: Sviluppo di metodi di identificazione per Rhodiola crenulata e studio della sua distribuzione delle risorse e degli effetti farmacologici
Uploaded: 2023-10-27T13:20:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Field Collection and Laboratory Routine Identification of Rhodiola crenulata at JoVE.com

Questo lavoro è stato sostenuto dalla National Natural Science Foundation of China (81973569, 82274207 e 82104533), dallo Xinglin Scholar Research Promotion Project dell'Università di Chengdu di MTC (XKTD2022013) e dal Key Research and Development Program di Ningxia (2023BEG02012).

La Rhodiola crenulata è raccolta dalla Zhuoda Snow Mountain, Contea di Ganzi, Prefettura autonoma tibetana di Ganzi, Provincia di Sichuan, Cina (N 31.44570°, E 99.96086°, 4892 m). Le piante sono autenticate come autentiche dal professor Yi Zhang presso la Scuola di Medicina Etnica dell'Università di Medicina Tradizionale Cinese di Chengdu.
1. Raccolta di Rhodiola crenulata
<ol><li>Fotografa la mappa dell'habitat di Rhodiola crenulata.</li>
	<li...

Caratterizzazione microscopica e identificazione basata su TLC del crenulato di Rhodiola

<ol>
	<li>Zhang, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Traditional+herbal+medicine+and+nanomedicine:+Converging+disciplines+to+improve+therapeutic+efficacy+and+human+health.">Traditional herbal medicine and nanomedicine: Converging disciplines to improve therapeutic efficacy and human health.</a> Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 178, 113964 (2021).</li><li>Yin, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+positive+role+and+mechanism+of+herbal+medicine+in+Parkinson's+Disease.">The positive role and mechanism of herbal medicine in Parkinson's Disease.</a> Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2021, 9923331 (2021).</li><li>Li, F. S., Weng, J. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Demystifying+traditional+herbal+medicine+with+modern+approach.">Demystifying traditional herbal medicine with modern approach.</a> Nature Plants. 3, 17109 (2017).</li><li>da Fonseca, L. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Herbal+medicinal+products+from+Passiflora+for+anxiety:+An+unexploited+potential.">Herbal medicinal products from Passiflora for anxiety: An unexploited potential.</a> The Scientific World Journal. 2020, 6598434 (2020).</li><li>Aziato, L., Antwi, H. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Facilitators+and+barriers+of+herbal+medicine+use+in+Accra,+Ghana:+an+inductive+exploratory+study.">Facilitators and barriers of herbal medicine use in Accra, Ghana: an inductive exploratory study.</a> BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 16, 142 (2016).</li><li>Tao, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rhodiola+species:+A+comprehensive+review+of+traditional+use,+phytochemistry,+pharmacology,+toxicity,+and+clinical+study.">Rhodiola species: A comprehensive review of traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and clinical study.</a> Medicinal Research Reviews. 39 (5), 1779-1850 (2019).</li><li>Wang, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+dietary+supplement+Rhodiola+crenulata+extract+alleviates+dextran+sulfate+sodium-induced+colitis+in+mice+through+anti-inflammation,+mediating+gut+barrier+integrity+and+reshaping+the+gut+microbiome.">The dietary supplement Rhodiola crenulata extract alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice through anti-inflammation, mediating gut barrier integrity and reshaping the gut microbiome.</a> Food &amp; Function. 12 (7), 3142-3158 (2021).</li><li>Xie, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rhodiola+crenulate+alleviates+hypobaric+hypoxia-induced+brain+injury+via+adjusting+NF-&#954;B/NLRP3-mediated+inflammation.">Rhodiola crenulate alleviates hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury via adjusting NF-&#954;B/NLRP3-mediated inflammation.</a> Phytomedicine. 103, 154240 (2022).</li><li>Wang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Salidroside,+a+phenyl+ethanol+glycoside+from+Rhodiola+crenulata,+orchestrates+hypoxic+mitochondrial+dynamics+homeostasis+by+stimulating+Sirt1/p53/Drp1+signaling.">Salidroside, a phenyl ethanol glycoside from Rhodiola crenulata, orchestrates hypoxic mitochondrial dynamics homeostasis by stimulating Sirt1/p53/Drp1 signaling.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 293, 115278 (2022).</li><li>Ma, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemical+characteristics+of+Rhodiola+Crenulata+and+its+mechanism+in+acute+mountain+sickness+using+UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS+combined+with+network+pharmacology+analysis.">Chemical characteristics of Rhodiola Crenulata and its mechanism in acute mountain sickness using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with network pharmacology analysis.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 294, 115345 (2022).</li><li>Wang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rhodiola+crenulata+attenuates+apoptosis+and+mitochondrial+energy+metabolism+disorder+in+rats+with+hypobaric+hypoxia-induced+brain+injury+by+regulating+the+HIF-1&#945;/microRNA+210/ISCU1/2(COX10)+signaling+pathway.">Rhodiola crenulata attenuates apoptosis and mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder in rats with hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury by regulating the HIF-1&#945;/microRNA 210/ISCU1/2(COX10) signaling pathway.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 241, 111801 (2019).</li><li>d'Avigdor, E., Wohlmuth, H., Asfaw, Z., Awas, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+current+status+of+knowledge+of+herbal+medicine+and+medicinal+plants+in+Fiche,+Ethiopia.">The current status of knowledge of herbal medicine and medicinal plants in Fiche, Ethiopia.</a> Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 10, 38 (2014).</li><li>S&#225;nchez, M., Gonz&#225;lez-Burgos, E., Divakar, P. K., G&#243;mez-Serranillos, M. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=DNA-based+authentication+and+metabolomics+analysis+of+medicinal+plants+samples+by+DNA+barcoding+and+ultra-high-performance+liquid+chromatography/triple+quadrupole+mass+spectrometry+(UHPLC-MS).">DNA-based authentication and metabolomics analysis of medicinal plants samples by DNA barcoding and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS).</a> Plants (Basel, Switzerland). 9 (11), 1601 (2020).</li><li>. Rhodiola renulata (Hook.fil &amp; Thomson) H.Ohba Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/4200529">https://www.gbif.org/species/4200529</a> (2023)</li><li>. Plant + data center Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.iplant.cn/">https://www.iplant.cn/</a> (2023)</li><li>. Chinese virtual herbarium Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cvh.ac.cn/">https://www.cvh.ac.cn/</a> (2023)</li><li>Cunningham, A. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=There+&amp;#34;ain't+no+mountain+high+enough&amp;#34;?:+The+drivers,+diversity+and+sustainability+of+China's+Rhodiola+trade.">There &amp;#34;ain't no mountain high enough&amp;#34;?: The drivers, diversity and sustainability of China's Rhodiola trade.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 252, 112379 (2020).</li><li>Wang, Q., Ruan, X., Jin, Z. H., Yan, Q. C., Tu, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+Rhodiola+species+by+using+RP-HPLC.">Identification of Rhodiola species by using RP-HPLC.</a> Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. 6 (6), 477-482 (2005).</li><li>Dong, X., Guo, Y., Xiong, C., Sun, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+two+major+Rhodiola+species+and+the+systemic+changing+characteristics+of+metabolites+of+Rhodiola+crenulata+in+different+altitudes+by+chemical+methods+combined+with+UPLC-QqQ-MS-based+metabolomics.">Evaluation of two major Rhodiola species and the systemic changing characteristics of metabolites of Rhodiola crenulata in different altitudes by chemical methods combined with UPLC-QqQ-MS-based metabolomics.</a> Molecules. 25 (18), 4062 (2020).</li><li>Zhao, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=HPLC+fingerprint+differentiation+between+natural+and+ex+situ+populations+of+Rhodiola+sachalinensis+from+Changbai+Mountain,+China.">HPLC fingerprint differentiation between natural and ex situ populations of Rhodiola sachalinensis from Changbai Mountain, China.</a> PloS One. 9 (11), 112869 (2014).</li><li>Yu, Y. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quality+evaluation+of+Tibetan+medicine+Rhodiolae+crenulatae+radix+et+rhizome+based+on+sensory+recognition+and+near+infrared+spectrum+analysis.">Quality evaluation of Tibetan medicine Rhodiolae crenulatae radix et rhizome based on sensory recognition and near infrared spectrum analysis.</a> Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. , (2020).</li><li>Lv, X. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simultaneous+determination+of+5+chemical+components+in+3+kinds+of+Rhodiola+rosea+by+HPLC.">Simultaneous determination of 5 chemical components in 3 kinds of Rhodiola rosea by HPLC.</a> China Pharmacy. 29 (18), 2515-2519 (2018).</li><li>Dong, T., Sha, Y., Liu, H., Sun, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Altitudinal+variation+of+metabolites,+mineral+elements+and+antioxidant+activities+of+Rhodiola+crenulata+(Hook.f.+&amp;+Thomson)+H.Ohba.">Altitudinal variation of metabolites, mineral elements and antioxidant activities of Rhodiola crenulata (Hook.f. &amp; Thomson) H.Ohba.</a> Molecules. 26 (23), 7383 (2021).</li><li>Ma, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Application+of+UHPLC+fingerprints+combined+with+chemical+pattern+recognition+analysis+in+the+differentiation+of+six+Rhodiola+species.">Application of UHPLC fingerprints combined with chemical pattern recognition analysis in the differentiation of six Rhodiola species.</a> Molecules. 26 (22), 6855 (2021).</li><li>Li, X. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Metabolic+discrimination+of+different+Rhodiola+species+using+1H-NMR+and+GEP+combinational+chemometrics.">Metabolic discrimination of different Rhodiola species using 1H-NMR and GEP combinational chemometrics.</a> Chemical &amp; Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 67 (2), 81-87 (2019).</li><li>Liu, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+Hippophae+species+(Shaji)+through+DNA+barcodes.">Identification of Hippophae species (Shaji) through DNA barcodes.</a> Chinese Medicine. 10, 28 (2015).</li></ol>

Ci sono più di 90 specie di piante di Rhodiola nel mondo e più del 60% di tutte le specie si trovano in Cina, quelle comuni tra cui Rhodiola crenulata, Rhodiola rosea, Rhodiolas achalinensis e Rhodiola algida17. La Rhodiola crenulata, registrata nella prima parte della Farmacopea Cinese (2020), è una medicina tradizionale tibetana coltivata ad alta quota. La domanda del mercato per la Rhodiola crenulata aumenta di anno in anno, quindi garantire il c...

L'erboristeria ha una lunga storia e una ricca esperienza applicativa in Cina, ed è stata la prima registrazione sistematica nel classico erboristico1 di Shennong. La scoperta dell'artemisinina applicata alla malaria ha promosso lo sviluppo della fitoterapia in un nuovo stadio1. L'uso della moderna tecnologia scientifica per scoprire l'esatto meccanismo della fitoterapia aumenta il tasso di utilizzo e la domanda di fitoterapia, aprendo un nuovo mercato internazionale per essa 2,3,4. Tuttavia, questo ha portato a una serie di effetti negativi. I non professionisti hanno una vaga comprensione delle caratteristiche della fitoterapia, il che rende l'uso della fitoterapia un enorme rischio per la sicurezza5.
La Rhodiola crenulata, una delle piante della specie Rhodiola, è distribuita principalmente in Tibet, nello Yunnan nord-occidentale e nel Sichuan occidentale della Cina (Figura 1)6,7. La Rhodiola crenulata comprende salidroside, tirosolo, acido gallico e altri composti per il trattamento delle malattie legate all'ipossia attraverso la funzione di "tonificare il qi e promuovere la circolazione sanguigna, eliminare il polso e calmare l'asma"8,9,10,11. L'indagine sul campo mostra che la Rhodiola crenulata può essere trovata nelle zone alpine dell'astragalo, nei pendii dei canaloni e nelle fessure rocciose ad un'altitudine di 4.000-5.600 m. Il suo ambiente di crescita è freddo, pieno di sole e radiazioni intense, e appartiene all'ecosistema dei prati alpini. La Rhodiola crenulata può essere distribuita in popolazioni lamellari e puntiformi in base al terreno di crescita e il flusso genico può essere effettuato attraverso l'impollinazione incrociata.
L'aborto pollinico del genere Rhodiola, l'illegalità degli scavi e la degenerazione dell'ambiente ecologico fanno della Rhodiola crenulata una specie in via di estinzione 6,12. In considerazione dell'elevato valore medicinale della Rhodiola crenulata, si prevede che i prodotti contraffatti entreranno nel mercato. Questo articolo presenta l'habitat della Rhodiola crenulata e alcuni metodi di identificazione in laboratorio. In primo luogo, abbiamo osservato l'ambiente di crescita della Rhodiola crenulata e le sue proprietà medicinali. In secondo luogo, la microstruttura della polvere medicinale è stata osservata al microscopio. L'ultimo passaggio è il punto chiave. I componenti rappresentativi della Rhodiola crenulata sono stati separati e identificati in base alle diverse proprietà di adsorbimento o dissoluzione di questi componenti in una determinata sostanza. L'autenticazione basata sul DNA o i metodi di analisi metabolomica delle piante medicinali sono complicati e costosi13. Questi metodi di base, convenienti ed economici possono identificare rapidamente la Rhodiola crenulata.

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			<td>0.22 &#956;m millipore filter</td>
			<td>Millipore</td>
			<td>SLGP033RB</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Automatic sampling machine</td>
			<td>CAMAG</td>
			<td>ATS 4</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chloral hydrate</td>
			<td>Fuzhou Brunei Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>ST1002</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chromatographic&#160;sample&#160;bottles</td>
			<td>Zhejiang ALWSCI Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>C0000008</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Conical flask</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>1121</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cover glass</td>
			<td>Citotest Labware Manufacturing Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>10211818c</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dissecting needle</td>
			<td>Shanghai Bingyu Fluid Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>BY-5026</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electronic balance</td>
			<td>SHIMADZU</td>
			<td>ATX124</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethyl acetate</td>
			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>2022120901</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Formic acid</td>
			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>2021110801</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gallic acid</td>
			<td>Chengdu Herbpurify Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>M-017</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glycerol</td>
			<td>Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>10010618</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High speed&#160; crusher</td>
			<td>Beijing Zhongxingweiye Instrument Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>FW-100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Methanol</td>
			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>20230108</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope</td>
			<td>Chongqing Oprec Nistrument Co.,&#160; Ltd</td>
			<td>B203</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope slide</td>
			<td>Citotest Labware Manufacturing Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>7105P-G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oven</td>
			<td>Shanghai Yuejin Medical Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>DHG-8145</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pharmacopoeia sieve</td>
			<td>Hangzhou Xingrun sieve factory</td>
			<td>572423281330</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pipette</td>
			<td>Changde BKMAM Biotechnology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>120302008</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Salidroside</td>
			<td>Chengdu Herbpurify Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>H-040</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Saturate tank&#160;</td>
			<td>Yancheng Liegu Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>10*20 P-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silica gel plate</td>
			<td>Yantai Jiangyou Silica Gel Development&#160; Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>HSG20211227</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trichloromethane</td>
			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>20221013-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tweezer&#160;</td>
			<td>Changde BKMAM Biotechnology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>130302027</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tyrosol</td>
			<td>Chengdu Herbpurify Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>L-042</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrasound equipment</td>
			<td>Ningbo Xinyi Ultrasonic Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>SB-8200DTS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Volumetric pipet</td>
			<td>Changde BKMAM Biotechnology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>120301006</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
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field collection and laboratory routine identification of rhodiola crenulata

L'identificazione dei materiali medicinali è la premessa e la garanzia della sicurezza del farmaco. La maggior parte dei ricercatori scientifici è destinata a favorire il processo di identificazione semplice, veloce, efficace ed economico delle erbe. La Rhodiola crenulata è una medicina tradizionale tibetana coltivata ad alta quota, distribuita principalmente nelle regioni cinesi del Tibet, dello Yunnan e del Sichuan. La Rhodiola crenulate possiede molteplici bioattività, come proprietà antinfiammatorie, antiipossia e antiossidanti, e ha un grande potenziale di sviluppo. Con la crescente domanda del mercato e una rapida diminuzione del contenuto di risorse, un gran numero di prodotti confusi di Rhodiola crenulata hanno preoccupato le persone. Pertanto, questo protocollo introduce un processo standard per l'identificazione della Rhodiola crenulata sul campo combinato con test di laboratorio di routine. La combinazione di habitat, caratteristiche microscopiche e cromatografia su strato sottile identificherà senza dubbio la Rhodiola crenulata in modo rapido, efficiente ed economico, contribuendo al continuo sviluppo della medicina tibetana e al controllo della qualità dei materiali medicinali.

Herbal medicine has a long history and rich application experience in China, and it was the first systematic recording in Shennong&#39;s herbal classic1. The discovery of artemisinin applied to malaria promoted the development of herbal medicine into a new stage1. The use of modern scientific technology to uncover the exact mechanism of herbal medicine increases the utilization rate and demand for herbal medicine, opening a new international market for it2,3,4. However, this has led to a series of negative effects. Non-professionals have a vague understanding of the characteristics of herbal medicine, which makes the use of herbal medicine face a huge safety risk5.
Rhodiola crenulata, one of the plants of the Rhodiola species, is mainly distributed in Tibet, northwest Yunnan, and western Sichuan of China (Figure 1)6,7. Rhodiola crenulata comprises salidroside, tyrosol, gallic acid, and other compounds for the treatment of hypoxic-related diseases through the function of &#34;invigorating qi and promoting blood circulation, clearing pulse and calming asthma&#34;8,9,10,11. Field investigation shows that Rhodiola crenulata can be found in the alpine talus zones, gully slopes, and rock crevices at an altitude of 4,000-5,600 m. Its growing environment is cold, full of sunshine and intense radiation, and it belongs to the alpine meadow ecosystem. Rhodiola crenulata can be distributed in lamellar and point-like populations according to the growth terrain, and gene flow can be carried out through cross-pollination.
The pollen abortion of the genus Rhodiola, illegality excavation, and degenerated ecological environment make Rhodiola crenulata an endangered species6,12. In view of the high medicinal value of Rhodiola crenulata, counterfeit products are expected to flow into the market. This article presents the habitat of Rhodiola crenulata and some convenient laboratory identification methods. Firstly, we observed the growth environment of Rhodiola crenulata and its medicinal properties. Secondly, the microstructure of medicinal powder was observed by microscope. The last step is the key point. The representative components of Rhodiola crenulata were separated and identified according to the different adsorption or dissolution properties of these components in a certain substance. DNA-based authentication or metabolomics analysis methods of medicinal plants are complicated and expensive13. These basic, convenient, and economical methods can quickly identify Rhodiola crenulata.

Autore in primo piano: Sviluppo di metodi di identificazione per Rhodiola crenulata e studio della sua distribuzione delle risorse e degli effetti farmacologici

Raccolta sul campo e identificazione di routine in laboratorio di Rhodiola crenulata

The scope of our research is centered on conducting a resource survey of ethnic medicine. Specifically, this study aims to develop a rapid and convenient methods for the identification of Rhodiola crenulata. The protocol we offer presents a cost-effective, straightforward, and rapid method for identifying various medicinal herbal materials.Our laboratory will concentrate its future research endeavors on investigation two primary areas, the distribution of research associated with Rhodiola crenulata and the pharmacological impacts of this species.

Questo protocollo sperimentale descrive l'identificazione e la raccolta della Rhodiola crenulata sul campo. La Rhodiola crenulate tende a vivere nelle zone alpine, nei pendii dei canaloni e nelle fessure rocciose ad alta quota. L'habitat, la pianta intera, il fiore e le foglie della Rhodiola crenulate possono essere mostrati nella Figura 2. La Rhodiola crenulate ha un rizoma bruno-rossastro (Figura 3A). Un'immagine rappresenta...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Field Collection and Laboratory Routine Identification of Rhodiola crenulata at JoVE.com

Qui descriviamo l'identificazione della Rhodiola Crenulata dall'habitat, dalla morfologia della pianta, dalle proprietà medicinali, dalle caratteristiche microscopiche e dalla cromatografia su strato sottile.

The identification of medicinal materials is the premise and guarantee of drug safety. The majority of scientific researchers are bound to favor the ...

Lo scopo della nostra ricerca è incentrato sulla conduzione di un'indagine sulle risorse della medicina etnica. In particolare, questo studio si propone di sviluppare un metodo rapido e conveniente per l'identificazione della Rhodiola crenulata. Il protocollo che offriamo presenta un metodo economico, semplice e rapido per identificare vari materiali a base di erbe medicinali.Il nostro laboratorio concentrerà i suoi futuri sforzi di ricerca sull'indagine di due aree principali, la distribuzione della ricerca associata alla Rhodiola crenulata e gli impatti farmacologici di questa specie.

field-collection-laboratory-routine-identification-rhodiola

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Field Collection and Laboratory Routine Identification of Rhodiola crenulata

The identification of medicinal materials is the premise and guarantee of drug safety. The majority of scientific researchers are bound to favor the simple, fast, effective, and inexpensive identification process of herbals. Rhodiola crenulata is a traditional Tibetan medicine grown at high altitudes, mainly distributed in Tibet, Yunnan, and Sichuan regions of China. Rhodiola crenulate possesses multiple bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-hypoxia, and antioxidant properties, and has great potential for development. With the increasing market demand and a rapid decrease in resource content, a large number of confused products of Rhodiola crenulata have been troubling people. Therefore, this protocol introduces a standard process for the identification of Rhodiola crenulata in the field combined with routine laboratory testing. The combination of habitat, microscopic features, and thin-layer chromatography will undoubtedly identify Rhodiola crenulata quickly, efficiently, and economically, contributing to the continuous development of Tibetan medicine and the quality control of medicinal materials.

Here, we describe the identification of Rhodiola Crenulata from habitat, plant morphology, medicinal properties, microscopic features, and thin-layer chromatography.

Ricerca

Medicina

Macroscopic and Microscopic Identification of Rhodiola crenulata Traits and Constituents

To begin, observe the appearance traits of Rhodiola Crenulata with the unaided eye and record the observations. Inhale near the plant to identify the fragrance smell. Next, place a small piece of the root in the mouth, then sip and chew for taste identification.Using a brush, remove the soil on the surface of the plant. Place the plant in an oven at 40 degrees Celsius and turn it every 24 hours. Then powder the dried medicinal materials using a powder machine and filter it through a medicated number three sieve.Spread the powder evenly on a clean slide using a dissecting needle covering 1/3 of the slide within a two millimeter area. Using a glass dropper, add a drop of deionized water to the powder and quickly place a cover glass using a tweezer. Next, place the slide onto the microscope platform.Adjust the light source and the coarse focus spiral to view the powder. Switch to a 40X objective lens and observe the starch granules. Again, spread the powder evenly on a slide using a dissecting needle, then add a drop of chloral hydrate to the powder.Hold the slide with a tweezer and heat on the alcohol lamp thrice for one second each. Add a drop of glycerin to the powder and quickly place a cover glass onto the drop. After adjusting the microscope settings as demonstrated previously, select a 40X objective lens to visualize the catheter, cork cells and fibers, along with the wood parenchyma cells and pigment block respectively.Microscopic examination of our Crenulata revealed key features with cork cells appearing brownish yellow, or colorless with polygonal shapes. Starch grains were observed as single or multiples with distinctive umbilical points and closely arranged spiral vessels. Additionally, xylem parenchyma cells were visualized as achromatic and oval, containing calcium oxalate sand crystals, and irregularly shaped brown red pigment blocks were identified.

Identificazione macroscopica e microscopica dei tratti e dei costituenti della Rhodiola crenulata

Preparing and Analyzing Thin Layer Chromatography Samples of Rhodiola crenulata and Reference Compounds

To begin, weigh three grams of Rhodiola crenulata powder and transfer it into a 100-milliliter conical bottle. Using a large bowl pipette, add 25 milliliters of methanol into the bottle. Place the bottle in the ultrasonic instrument.Set the power to 250 watts, frequency to 40 kilohertz, time to 30 minutes, and start the ultrasonication. Next, rinse the outside of the bottle under running water until it reaches room temperature. Filter the solution through a 0.22-micron microporus membrane.Using a one-milliliter syringe, aspirate 800 microliters of liquid from the bottle and collect 400 microliters of the midstream solution into a chromatographic sample bottle. Measure and add one milligram of salidroside, 0.5 milligrams of tyrosol, and 0.5 milligrams of gallic acid into three separate one-milliliter volumetric flasks. Then, fill each flask to the scale marked with methanol.Sonicate the samples in the ultrasonic instrument using the conditions described previously. Following ultrasonication, aspirate 800 microliters of liquid from the flask. Filter the solution through a 0.22-micrometer microporous membrane and collect 400 microliters of filtrate into the bottle.Add trichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and formic acid on one side of the double tank chromatography cylinder. Shake the cylinder to mix the contents evenly and cover the upper cylinder head. Arrange the gallic acid, salidroside, tyrosol standard solutions, and our crenulata solution on the sample rack in positions A1 to A4.Place a 5x10-centimeter silicone sheet on the sampling table.Turn on the automatic sampling machine and open the air control valve. Press the Continue button for automatic sampling. After sampling, turn off the machine and air valve.Remove the silicone sheet from the machine. Put the silicone sheet into the other side of the double tank chromatography cylinder. Cover the upper cylinder head and pre-saturate for 20 minutes.Next, use a tweezer to hold the upper end of the thin layer plate and quickly put the silicone sheet into the development agent. Once the organic solvent evaporates, spray the silicone sheet with chromogenic solution. The thin layer chromatographic analysis showed that the R.crenulata sample appeared in spots of the same color, corresponding to the gallic acid, salidroside, and tyrosol standards.