Name: 著者スポットライト: Rhodiola crenulata の同定法の開発とその資源分布と薬理学的効果の調査
Uploaded: 2023-10-27T13:20:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Field Collection and Laboratory Routine Identification of Rhodiola crenulata at JoVE.com

この研究は、中国国家自然科学基金会(81973569、82274207、82104533)、成都中産大学の興林奨学生研究促進プロジェクト(XKTD2022013)、寧夏回族自治区重点研究開発プログラム(2023BEG02012)の支援を受けました。

Rhodiolaのcrenulata はZhuodaの雪山、甘子県、甘子チベット族自治州、四川省、中国(N 31.44570°、E 99.96086°、4892 m)から収集されます。これらの植物は、成都中医薬大学民族医学院のYi Zhang教授によって本物であると認証されています。
1. Rhodiola crenulataのコレクション
<ol><li>Rhodiola crenulataの生息地マップを撮影します。</li>
	<li>Rhodiola crenulata</e...

Rhodiola crenulateの顕微鏡的特性評価とTLCベースの同定

<ol>
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K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Demystifying+traditional+herbal+medicine+with+modern+approach.">Demystifying traditional herbal medicine with modern approach.</a> Nature Plants. 3, 17109 (2017).</li><li>da Fonseca, L. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Herbal+medicinal+products+from+Passiflora+for+anxiety:+An+unexploited+potential.">Herbal medicinal products from Passiflora for anxiety: An unexploited potential.</a> The Scientific World Journal. 2020, 6598434 (2020).</li><li>Aziato, L., Antwi, H. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Facilitators+and+barriers+of+herbal+medicine+use+in+Accra,+Ghana:+an+inductive+exploratory+study.">Facilitators and barriers of herbal medicine use in Accra, Ghana: an inductive exploratory study.</a> BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 16, 142 (2016).</li><li>Tao, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rhodiola+species:+A+comprehensive+review+of+traditional+use,+phytochemistry,+pharmacology,+toxicity,+and+clinical+study.">Rhodiola species: A comprehensive review of traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and clinical study.</a> Medicinal Research Reviews. 39 (5), 1779-1850 (2019).</li><li>Wang, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+dietary+supplement+Rhodiola+crenulata+extract+alleviates+dextran+sulfate+sodium-induced+colitis+in+mice+through+anti-inflammation,+mediating+gut+barrier+integrity+and+reshaping+the+gut+microbiome.">The dietary supplement Rhodiola crenulata extract alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice through anti-inflammation, mediating gut barrier integrity and reshaping the gut microbiome.</a> Food &amp; Function. 12 (7), 3142-3158 (2021).</li><li>Xie, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rhodiola+crenulate+alleviates+hypobaric+hypoxia-induced+brain+injury+via+adjusting+NF-&#954;B/NLRP3-mediated+inflammation.">Rhodiola crenulate alleviates hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury via adjusting NF-&#954;B/NLRP3-mediated inflammation.</a> Phytomedicine. 103, 154240 (2022).</li><li>Wang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Salidroside,+a+phenyl+ethanol+glycoside+from+Rhodiola+crenulata,+orchestrates+hypoxic+mitochondrial+dynamics+homeostasis+by+stimulating+Sirt1/p53/Drp1+signaling.">Salidroside, a phenyl ethanol glycoside from Rhodiola crenulata, orchestrates hypoxic mitochondrial dynamics homeostasis by stimulating Sirt1/p53/Drp1 signaling.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 293, 115278 (2022).</li><li>Ma, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemical+characteristics+of+Rhodiola+Crenulata+and+its+mechanism+in+acute+mountain+sickness+using+UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS+combined+with+network+pharmacology+analysis.">Chemical characteristics of Rhodiola Crenulata and its mechanism in acute mountain sickness using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with network pharmacology analysis.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 294, 115345 (2022).</li><li>Wang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rhodiola+crenulata+attenuates+apoptosis+and+mitochondrial+energy+metabolism+disorder+in+rats+with+hypobaric+hypoxia-induced+brain+injury+by+regulating+the+HIF-1&#945;/microRNA+210/ISCU1/2(COX10)+signaling+pathway.">Rhodiola crenulata attenuates apoptosis and mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder in rats with hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury by regulating the HIF-1&#945;/microRNA 210/ISCU1/2(COX10) signaling pathway.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 241, 111801 (2019).</li><li>d'Avigdor, E., Wohlmuth, H., Asfaw, Z., Awas, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+current+status+of+knowledge+of+herbal+medicine+and+medicinal+plants+in+Fiche,+Ethiopia.">The current status of knowledge of herbal medicine and medicinal plants in Fiche, Ethiopia.</a> Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 10, 38 (2014).</li><li>S&#225;nchez, M., Gonz&#225;lez-Burgos, E., Divakar, P. 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Chinese virtual herbarium Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cvh.ac.cn/">https://www.cvh.ac.cn/</a> (2023)</li><li>Cunningham, A. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=There+&amp;#34;ain't+no+mountain+high+enough&amp;#34;?:+The+drivers,+diversity+and+sustainability+of+China's+Rhodiola+trade.">There &amp;#34;ain't no mountain high enough&amp;#34;?: The drivers, diversity and sustainability of China's Rhodiola trade.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 252, 112379 (2020).</li><li>Wang, Q., Ruan, X., Jin, Z. H., Yan, Q. C., Tu, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+Rhodiola+species+by+using+RP-HPLC.">Identification of Rhodiola species by using RP-HPLC.</a> Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. 6 (6), 477-482 (2005).</li><li>Dong, X., Guo, Y., Xiong, C., Sun, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+two+major+Rhodiola+species+and+the+systemic+changing+characteristics+of+metabolites+of+Rhodiola+crenulata+in+different+altitudes+by+chemical+methods+combined+with+UPLC-QqQ-MS-based+metabolomics.">Evaluation of two major Rhodiola species and the systemic changing characteristics of metabolites of Rhodiola crenulata in different altitudes by chemical methods combined with UPLC-QqQ-MS-based metabolomics.</a> Molecules. 25 (18), 4062 (2020).</li><li>Zhao, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=HPLC+fingerprint+differentiation+between+natural+and+ex+situ+populations+of+Rhodiola+sachalinensis+from+Changbai+Mountain,+China.">HPLC fingerprint differentiation between natural and ex situ populations of Rhodiola sachalinensis from Changbai Mountain, China.</a> PloS One. 9 (11), 112869 (2014).</li><li>Yu, Y. 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M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simultaneous+determination+of+5+chemical+components+in+3+kinds+of+Rhodiola+rosea+by+HPLC.">Simultaneous determination of 5 chemical components in 3 kinds of Rhodiola rosea by HPLC.</a> China Pharmacy. 29 (18), 2515-2519 (2018).</li><li>Dong, T., Sha, Y., Liu, H., Sun, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Altitudinal+variation+of+metabolites,+mineral+elements+and+antioxidant+activities+of+Rhodiola+crenulata+(Hook.f.+&amp;+Thomson)+H.Ohba.">Altitudinal variation of metabolites, mineral elements and antioxidant activities of Rhodiola crenulata (Hook.f. &amp; Thomson) H.Ohba.</a> Molecules. 26 (23), 7383 (2021).</li><li>Ma, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Application+of+UHPLC+fingerprints+combined+with+chemical+pattern+recognition+analysis+in+the+differentiation+of+six+Rhodiola+species.">Application of UHPLC fingerprints combined with chemical pattern recognition analysis in the differentiation of six Rhodiola species.</a> Molecules. 26 (22), 6855 (2021).</li><li>Li, X. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Metabolic+discrimination+of+different+Rhodiola+species+using+1H-NMR+and+GEP+combinational+chemometrics.">Metabolic discrimination of different Rhodiola species using 1H-NMR and GEP combinational chemometrics.</a> Chemical &amp; Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 67 (2), 81-87 (2019).</li><li>Liu, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+Hippophae+species+(Shaji)+through+DNA+barcodes.">Identification of Hippophae species (Shaji) through DNA barcodes.</a> Chinese Medicine. 10, 28 (2015).</li></ol>

世界には90種以上のイワベンケイの植物があり、すべての種の60%以上が中国で発見され、イワベンケイ、イワベンケイ、イワベンケイのアカリネンシス、イワベンケイなどの一般的なものが見られます17。中国薬局方(2020年)の最初の部分に記録されたRhodiola crenulataは、高地で栽培されたチベットの伝統薬です。Riolaのcrenulataのための市場の需?...

漢方薬は中国で長い歴史と豊富な応用経験があり、神農の漢方古典1の最初の体系的な記録でした。マラリアに応用されたアルテミシニンの発見は、漢方薬の開発を新たなステージ1に進めました。漢方薬の正確なメカニズムを明らかにするための現代の科学技術の使用は、漢方薬の利用率と需要を高め、それの新しい国際市場を開きます2,3,4。しかし、これは一連の悪影響につながっています。非専門家は漢方薬の特徴を漠然と理解しているため、漢方薬の使用は大きな安全上のリスクに直面しています5。
イワベンケイ属の植物の一つであるイワベンケイは、主にチベット、雲南省北西部、中国四川省西部に分布している(図1)6,7。Rhodiola crenulataは、「気を活性化し、血液循環を促進し、脈拍をきれいにし、喘息を落ち着かせる」機能を通じて、低酸素関連疾患の治療のためのサリドロシド、チロソール、没食子酸、およびその他の化合物で構成されています8,9,10,11。現地調査の結果、イワベンケイは標高4,000〜5,600mの高山距骨帯、峡谷斜面、岩の割れ目に見られることが分かりました。その生育環境は寒く、日光と強烈な放射線に満ちており、高山の牧草地の生態系に属しています。Rhodiola crenulataは、成長地形に応じて層状および点状の集団に分布することができ、他家受粉によって遺伝子流動を行うことができます。
イワベンケイ属の花粉流産、違法性の発掘、および退化した生態環境により、イワベンケイは絶滅危惧種となっています6,12。イワベンケイの薬効が高いことから、模倣品が市場に流入することが予想されます。この記事では、Rhodiola crenulataの生息地といくつかの便利な実験室での識別方法を紹介します。まず、イワベンケイの生育環境とその薬効を観察しました。第二に、薬用粉末の微細構造を顕微鏡で観察しました。最後のステップが重要なポイントです。Rhodiola crenulataの代表的な成分は、特定の物質におけるこれらの成分の異なる吸着または溶解特性に従って分離および同定されました。薬用植物のDNAベースの認証またはメタボロミクス分析法は複雑で高価です13。これらの基本的で便利で経済的な方法は、ロディオラ・クレヌラータを迅速に識別できます。

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	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>0.22 &#956;m millipore filter</td>
			<td>Millipore</td>
			<td>SLGP033RB</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Automatic sampling machine</td>
			<td>CAMAG</td>
			<td>ATS 4</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chloral hydrate</td>
			<td>Fuzhou Brunei Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>ST1002</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chromatographic&#160;sample&#160;bottles</td>
			<td>Zhejiang ALWSCI Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>C0000008</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Conical flask</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>1121</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cover glass</td>
			<td>Citotest Labware Manufacturing Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>10211818c</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dissecting needle</td>
			<td>Shanghai Bingyu Fluid Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>BY-5026</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electronic balance</td>
			<td>SHIMADZU</td>
			<td>ATX124</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethyl acetate</td>
			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>2022120901</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Formic acid</td>
			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>2021110801</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gallic acid</td>
			<td>Chengdu Herbpurify Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>M-017</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glycerol</td>
			<td>Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>10010618</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High speed&#160; crusher</td>
			<td>Beijing Zhongxingweiye Instrument Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>FW-100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Methanol</td>
			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>20230108</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope</td>
			<td>Chongqing Oprec Nistrument Co.,&#160; Ltd</td>
			<td>B203</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope slide</td>
			<td>Citotest Labware Manufacturing Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>7105P-G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oven</td>
			<td>Shanghai Yuejin Medical Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>DHG-8145</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pharmacopoeia sieve</td>
			<td>Hangzhou Xingrun sieve factory</td>
			<td>572423281330</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pipette</td>
			<td>Changde BKMAM Biotechnology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>120302008</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Salidroside</td>
			<td>Chengdu Herbpurify Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>H-040</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Saturate tank&#160;</td>
			<td>Yancheng Liegu Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>10*20 P-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silica gel plate</td>
			<td>Yantai Jiangyou Silica Gel Development&#160; Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>HSG20211227</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trichloromethane</td>
			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>20221013-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tweezer&#160;</td>
			<td>Changde BKMAM Biotechnology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>130302027</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tyrosol</td>
			<td>Chengdu Herbpurify Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>L-042</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrasound equipment</td>
			<td>Ningbo Xinyi Ultrasonic Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>SB-8200DTS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Volumetric pipet</td>
			<td>Changde BKMAM Biotechnology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>120301006</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

field collection and laboratory routine identification of rhodiola crenulata

医薬品の同定は、医薬品の安全性の前提であり、保証です。科学研究者の大多数は、ハーブの単純、迅速、効果的、そして安価な同定プロセスを支持するに違いありません。 イワベン ケイは、主に中国のチベット、雲南省、四川省の地域に分布する高地で栽培されている伝統的なチベット薬です。 Rhodiolaのcrenulateは 炎症抑制、抗低酸素症および酸化防止特性のような多数のbioactivityを、所有し、開発のための大きい潜在性があります。市場の需要の増加と資源含有量の急速な減少に伴い、 イワベン ケイの多数の混同された製品が人々を悩ませています。従って、この議定書はルーチンの実験室試験と結合される分野の Rodiolaのcrenulata の同一証明のための標準的なプロセスをもたらす。生息地、顕微鏡的特徴、および薄層クロマトグラフィーの組み合わせにより、 間違いなくロディオラ・クレヌラータ を迅速、効率的、経済的に同定し、チベット医学の継続的な発展と薬用材料の品質管理に貢献します。

Herbal medicine has a long history and rich application experience in China, and it was the first systematic recording in Shennong&#39;s herbal classic1. The discovery of artemisinin applied to malaria promoted the development of herbal medicine into a new stage1. The use of modern scientific technology to uncover the exact mechanism of herbal medicine increases the utilization rate and demand for herbal medicine, opening a new international market for it2,3,4. However, this has led to a series of negative effects. Non-professionals have a vague understanding of the characteristics of herbal medicine, which makes the use of herbal medicine face a huge safety risk5.
Rhodiola crenulata, one of the plants of the Rhodiola species, is mainly distributed in Tibet, northwest Yunnan, and western Sichuan of China (Figure 1)6,7. Rhodiola crenulata comprises salidroside, tyrosol, gallic acid, and other compounds for the treatment of hypoxic-related diseases through the function of &#34;invigorating qi and promoting blood circulation, clearing pulse and calming asthma&#34;8,9,10,11. Field investigation shows that Rhodiola crenulata can be found in the alpine talus zones, gully slopes, and rock crevices at an altitude of 4,000-5,600 m. Its growing environment is cold, full of sunshine and intense radiation, and it belongs to the alpine meadow ecosystem. Rhodiola crenulata can be distributed in lamellar and point-like populations according to the growth terrain, and gene flow can be carried out through cross-pollination.
The pollen abortion of the genus Rhodiola, illegality excavation, and degenerated ecological environment make Rhodiola crenulata an endangered species6,12. In view of the high medicinal value of Rhodiola crenulata, counterfeit products are expected to flow into the market. This article presents the habitat of Rhodiola crenulata and some convenient laboratory identification methods. Firstly, we observed the growth environment of Rhodiola crenulata and its medicinal properties. Secondly, the microstructure of medicinal powder was observed by microscope. The last step is the key point. The representative components of Rhodiola crenulata were separated and identified according to the different adsorption or dissolution properties of these components in a certain substance. DNA-based authentication or metabolomics analysis methods of medicinal plants are complicated and expensive13. These basic, convenient, and economical methods can quickly identify Rhodiola crenulata.

著者スポットライト: Rhodiola crenulata の同定法の開発とその資源分布と薬理学的効果の調査

Rodiolaのcrenulataの野外収集そして実験室のルーチン同定

The scope of our research is centered on conducting a resource survey of ethnic medicine. Specifically, this study aims to develop a rapid and convenient methods for the identification of Rhodiola crenulata. The protocol we offer presents a cost-effective, straightforward, and rapid method for identifying various medicinal herbal materials.Our laboratory will concentrate its future research endeavors on investigation two primary areas, the distribution of research associated with Rhodiola crenulata and the pharmacological impacts of this species.

この実験プロトコルは、現場で のロディオラのクレヌレート の識別と収集について説明しています。 イワベンケイ は、高山の距骨帯、峡谷の斜面、および高地の岩の裂け目に住む傾向があります。 イワベン ケイの生息地、全植物、花、葉を 図2に示すことができます。 イワベン ケイは赤褐色の根茎を持っています(図3A</stro...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Field Collection and Laboratory Routine Identification of Rhodiola crenulata at JoVE.com

ここでは、生息地、植物形態、薬効成分、微視的特徴、および薄層クロマトグラフィーからの イワベンケイ の同定について説明します。

The identification of medicinal materials is the premise and guarantee of drug safety. The majority of scientific researchers are bound to favor the ...

私たちの研究の範囲は、民族医学のリソース調査の実施を中心としています。具体的には、この研究は、Rhodiola crenulataの同定のための迅速で便利な方法を開発することを目的としています。私たちが提供するプロトコルは、さまざまな薬用ハーブ材料を特定するための費用対効果が高く、簡単で迅速な方法を提示します。当研究室では、今後の研究活動として、ロディオラ・クレヌラータに関連する研究の分布と、本種の薬理学的影響という2つの主要な分野の研究に取り組んでいきます。

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Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Field Collection and Laboratory Routine Identification of Rhodiola crenulata

The identification of medicinal materials is the premise and guarantee of drug safety. The majority of scientific researchers are bound to favor the simple, fast, effective, and inexpensive identification process of herbals. Rhodiola crenulata is a traditional Tibetan medicine grown at high altitudes, mainly distributed in Tibet, Yunnan, and Sichuan regions of China. Rhodiola crenulate possesses multiple bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-hypoxia, and antioxidant properties, and has great potential for development. With the increasing market demand and a rapid decrease in resource content, a large number of confused products of Rhodiola crenulata have been troubling people. Therefore, this protocol introduces a standard process for the identification of Rhodiola crenulata in the field combined with routine laboratory testing. The combination of habitat, microscopic features, and thin-layer chromatography will undoubtedly identify Rhodiola crenulata quickly, efficiently, and economically, contributing to the continuous development of Tibetan medicine and the quality control of medicinal materials.

Here, we describe the identification of Rhodiola Crenulata from habitat, plant morphology, medicinal properties, microscopic features, and thin-layer chromatography.

医学

Macroscopic and Microscopic Identification of Rhodiola crenulata Traits and Constituents

To begin, observe the appearance traits of Rhodiola Crenulata with the unaided eye and record the observations. Inhale near the plant to identify the fragrance smell. Next, place a small piece of the root in the mouth, then sip and chew for taste identification.Using a brush, remove the soil on the surface of the plant. Place the plant in an oven at 40 degrees Celsius and turn it every 24 hours. Then powder the dried medicinal materials using a powder machine and filter it through a medicated number three sieve.Spread the powder evenly on a clean slide using a dissecting needle covering 1/3 of the slide within a two millimeter area. Using a glass dropper, add a drop of deionized water to the powder and quickly place a cover glass using a tweezer. Next, place the slide onto the microscope platform.Adjust the light source and the coarse focus spiral to view the powder. Switch to a 40X objective lens and observe the starch granules. Again, spread the powder evenly on a slide using a dissecting needle, then add a drop of chloral hydrate to the powder.Hold the slide with a tweezer and heat on the alcohol lamp thrice for one second each. Add a drop of glycerin to the powder and quickly place a cover glass onto the drop. After adjusting the microscope settings as demonstrated previously, select a 40X objective lens to visualize the catheter, cork cells and fibers, along with the wood parenchyma cells and pigment block respectively.Microscopic examination of our Crenulata revealed key features with cork cells appearing brownish yellow, or colorless with polygonal shapes. Starch grains were observed as single or multiples with distinctive umbilical points and closely arranged spiral vessels. Additionally, xylem parenchyma cells were visualized as achromatic and oval, containing calcium oxalate sand crystals, and irregularly shaped brown red pigment blocks were identified.

Rhodiola crenulataの形質と成分の巨視的および微視的同定

Preparing and Analyzing Thin Layer Chromatography Samples of Rhodiola crenulata and Reference Compounds

To begin, weigh three grams of Rhodiola crenulata powder and transfer it into a 100-milliliter conical bottle. Using a large bowl pipette, add 25 milliliters of methanol into the bottle. Place the bottle in the ultrasonic instrument.Set the power to 250 watts, frequency to 40 kilohertz, time to 30 minutes, and start the ultrasonication. Next, rinse the outside of the bottle under running water until it reaches room temperature. Filter the solution through a 0.22-micron microporus membrane.Using a one-milliliter syringe, aspirate 800 microliters of liquid from the bottle and collect 400 microliters of the midstream solution into a chromatographic sample bottle. Measure and add one milligram of salidroside, 0.5 milligrams of tyrosol, and 0.5 milligrams of gallic acid into three separate one-milliliter volumetric flasks. Then, fill each flask to the scale marked with methanol.Sonicate the samples in the ultrasonic instrument using the conditions described previously. Following ultrasonication, aspirate 800 microliters of liquid from the flask. Filter the solution through a 0.22-micrometer microporous membrane and collect 400 microliters of filtrate into the bottle.Add trichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and formic acid on one side of the double tank chromatography cylinder. Shake the cylinder to mix the contents evenly and cover the upper cylinder head. Arrange the gallic acid, salidroside, tyrosol standard solutions, and our crenulata solution on the sample rack in positions A1 to A4.Place a 5x10-centimeter silicone sheet on the sampling table.Turn on the automatic sampling machine and open the air control valve. Press the Continue button for automatic sampling. After sampling, turn off the machine and air valve.Remove the silicone sheet from the machine. Put the silicone sheet into the other side of the double tank chromatography cylinder. Cover the upper cylinder head and pre-saturate for 20 minutes.Next, use a tweezer to hold the upper end of the thin layer plate and quickly put the silicone sheet into the development agent. Once the organic solvent evaporates, spray the silicone sheet with chromogenic solution. The thin layer chromatographic analysis showed that the R.crenulata sample appeared in spots of the same color, corresponding to the gallic acid, salidroside, and tyrosol standards.