Name: Yazar Gündemi: Rhodiola crenulata için Tanımlama Yöntemlerinin Geliştirilmesi ve Kaynak Dağılımı ve Farmakolojik Etkilerinin Araştırılması
Uploaded: 2023-10-27T13:20:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Field Collection and Laboratory Routine Identification of Rhodiola crenulata at JoVE.com

Bu çalışma, Çin Ulusal Doğa Bilimleri Vakfı (81973569, 82274207 ve 82104533), TCM Chengdu Üniversitesi'nin Xinglin Akademik Araştırma Teşvik Projesi (XKTD2022013) ve Ningxia Temel Araştırma ve Geliştirme Programı (2023BEG02012) tarafından desteklenmiştir.

Rhodiola crenulata Çin'in Sichuan Eyaleti, Ganzi Tibet Özerk İli, Zhuoda Kar Dağı, Ganzi İlçesi'nden (N 31.44570°, D 99.96086°, 4892 m) toplandı. Bitkiler, Chengdu Geleneksel Çin Tıbbı Üniversitesi Etnik Tıp Okulu'nda Profesör Yi Zhang tarafından gerçek olarak doğrulandı.
1. Rhodiola crenulata koleksiyonu
<ol><li>Rhodiola crenulata'nın habitat haritasını fotoğraflayın.</li>
	<li>Rhodiola crenulata'nın tüm bitkisi...

Rhodiola crenulate'ın Mikroskobik Karakterizasyonu ve TLC Tabanlı Tanımlanması

<ol>
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O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Facilitators+and+barriers+of+herbal+medicine+use+in+Accra,+Ghana:+an+inductive+exploratory+study.">Facilitators and barriers of herbal medicine use in Accra, Ghana: an inductive exploratory study.</a> BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 16, 142 (2016).</li><li>Tao, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rhodiola+species:+A+comprehensive+review+of+traditional+use,+phytochemistry,+pharmacology,+toxicity,+and+clinical+study.">Rhodiola species: A comprehensive review of traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and clinical study.</a> Medicinal Research Reviews. 39 (5), 1779-1850 (2019).</li><li>Wang, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+dietary+supplement+Rhodiola+crenulata+extract+alleviates+dextran+sulfate+sodium-induced+colitis+in+mice+through+anti-inflammation,+mediating+gut+barrier+integrity+and+reshaping+the+gut+microbiome.">The dietary supplement Rhodiola crenulata extract alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice through anti-inflammation, mediating gut barrier integrity and reshaping the gut microbiome.</a> Food &amp; Function. 12 (7), 3142-3158 (2021).</li><li>Xie, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rhodiola+crenulate+alleviates+hypobaric+hypoxia-induced+brain+injury+via+adjusting+NF-&#954;B/NLRP3-mediated+inflammation.">Rhodiola crenulate alleviates hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury via adjusting NF-&#954;B/NLRP3-mediated inflammation.</a> Phytomedicine. 103, 154240 (2022).</li><li>Wang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Salidroside,+a+phenyl+ethanol+glycoside+from+Rhodiola+crenulata,+orchestrates+hypoxic+mitochondrial+dynamics+homeostasis+by+stimulating+Sirt1/p53/Drp1+signaling.">Salidroside, a phenyl ethanol glycoside from Rhodiola crenulata, orchestrates hypoxic mitochondrial dynamics homeostasis by stimulating Sirt1/p53/Drp1 signaling.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 293, 115278 (2022).</li><li>Ma, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemical+characteristics+of+Rhodiola+Crenulata+and+its+mechanism+in+acute+mountain+sickness+using+UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS+combined+with+network+pharmacology+analysis.">Chemical characteristics of Rhodiola Crenulata and its mechanism in acute mountain sickness using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with network pharmacology analysis.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 294, 115345 (2022).</li><li>Wang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rhodiola+crenulata+attenuates+apoptosis+and+mitochondrial+energy+metabolism+disorder+in+rats+with+hypobaric+hypoxia-induced+brain+injury+by+regulating+the+HIF-1&#945;/microRNA+210/ISCU1/2(COX10)+signaling+pathway.">Rhodiola crenulata attenuates apoptosis and mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder in rats with hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury by regulating the HIF-1&#945;/microRNA 210/ISCU1/2(COX10) signaling pathway.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 241, 111801 (2019).</li><li>d'Avigdor, E., Wohlmuth, H., Asfaw, Z., Awas, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+current+status+of+knowledge+of+herbal+medicine+and+medicinal+plants+in+Fiche,+Ethiopia.">The current status of knowledge of herbal medicine and medicinal plants in Fiche, Ethiopia.</a> Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 10, 38 (2014).</li><li>S&#225;nchez, M., Gonz&#225;lez-Burgos, E., Divakar, P. 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Dünyada 90'dan fazla Rhodiola bitkisi türü vardır ve tüm türlerin %60'ından fazlası Çin'de bulunur, Rhodiola crenulata, Rhodiola rosea, Rhodiolas achalinensis ve Rhodiola algida17 dahil olmak üzere yaygın olanlar. Çin Farmakopesi'nin (2020) ilk bölümünde kaydedilen Rhodiola crenulata, yüksek irtifalarda yetişen geleneksel bir Tibet tıbbıdır. Rhodiola crenulata için pazar talebi her yıl artmaktadır, bu nedenle kaynağın doğru ku...

Bitkisel tıbbın Çin'de uzun bir geçmişi ve zengin uygulama deneyimi vardır ve Shennong'un bitkisel klasiği1'deki ilk sistematik kayıttır. Sıtmaya uygulanan artemisinin keşfi, bitkisel ilaçların gelişimini yeni bir aşama1'e teşvik etti. Bitkisel tıbbın kesin mekanizmasını ortaya çıkarmak için modern bilimsel teknolojinin kullanılması, bitkisel ilaçlara olan kullanım oranını ve talebi artırarak bunun için yeni bir uluslararası pazar açmaktadır 2,3,4. Ancak, bu bir dizi olumsuz etkiye yol açmıştır. Profesyonel olmayanlar, bitkisel ilaçların özelliklerini belirsiz bir şekilde anlamaktadır, bu da bitkisel ilaç kullanımını büyük bir güvenlik riskiyle karşı karşıya bırakmaktadır5.
Rhodiola türünün bitkilerinden biri olan Rhodiola crenulata, esas olarak Tibet, kuzeybatı Yunnan ve Çin'in batı Sichuan'ında yayılış gösterir (Şekil 1)6,7. Rhodiola crenulata "qi'yi canlandırma ve kan dolaşımını teşvik etme, nabzı temizleme ve astımı yatıştırma" işlevi ile hipoksik ilişkili hastalıkların tedavisi için salidrosid, tirosol, gallik asit ve diğer bileşikleri içerir8,9,10,11. Saha araştırması, Rhodiola crenulata'nın 4.000-5.600 m yükseklikte alpin talus bölgelerinde, oluk yamaçlarında ve kaya yarıklarında bulunabileceğini göstermektedir. Yetiştirme ortamı soğuk, güneş ışığı ve yoğun radyasyonla doludur ve alpin çayır ekosistemine aittir. Rhodiola crenulata büyüme alanına göre lameller ve nokta benzeri popülasyonlarda dağılabilir ve gen akışı çapraz tozlaşma yoluyla gerçekleştirilebilir.
Rhodiola cinsinin polen kürtajı, yasadışılık kazısı ve yozlaşmış ekolojik çevre, Rhodiola crenulata'yı nesli tükenmekte olan bir türhaline getirmektedir 6,12. Rhodiola crenulata'nın yüksek tıbbi değeri göz önüne alındığında, sahte ürünlerin piyasaya akması bekleniyor. Bu makale, Rhodiola crenulata habitatını ve bazı uygun laboratuvar tanımlama yöntemlerini sunmaktadır. İlk olarak, Rhodiola crenulata'nın büyüme ortamını ve tıbbi özelliklerini gözlemledik. İkinci olarak, tıbbi tozun mikro yapısı mikroskopla gözlendi. Son adım kilit noktadır. Rhodiola crenulata'nın temsili bileşenleri, bu bileşenlerin belirli bir maddedeki farklı adsorpsiyon veya çözünme özelliklerine göre ayrıldı ve tanımlandı. Tıbbi bitkilerin DNA tabanlı kimlik doğrulama veya metabolomik analiz yöntemleri karmaşık ve pahalıdır13. Bu temel, kullanışlı ve ekonomik yöntemler, Rhodiola crenulata'yı hızlı bir şekilde tanımlayabilir.

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			<td>Fuzhou Brunei Technology Co., Ltd</td>
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			<td>Zhejiang ALWSCI Technology Co., Ltd</td>
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			<td>Sichuan Shubo Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>1121</td>
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			<td>Cover glass</td>
			<td>Citotest Labware Manufacturing Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>10211818c</td>
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			<td>Dissecting needle</td>
			<td>Shanghai Bingyu Fluid Technology Co., Ltd</td>
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			<td>Electronic balance</td>
			<td>SHIMADZU</td>
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			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>2022120901</td>
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			<td>Formic acid</td>
			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>2021110801</td>
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			<td>Gallic acid</td>
			<td>Chengdu Herbpurify Co., Ltd</td>
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			<td>Glycerol</td>
			<td>Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd</td>
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			<td>High speed&#160; crusher</td>
			<td>Beijing Zhongxingweiye Instrument Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>FW-100</td>
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			<td>Methanol</td>
			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>20230108</td>
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			<td>Microscope</td>
			<td>Chongqing Oprec Nistrument Co.,&#160; Ltd</td>
			<td>B203</td>
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			<td>Microscope slide</td>
			<td>Citotest Labware Manufacturing Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>7105P-G</td>
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			<td>Oven</td>
			<td>Shanghai Yuejin Medical Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>DHG-8145</td>
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			<td>Pharmacopoeia sieve</td>
			<td>Hangzhou Xingrun sieve factory</td>
			<td>572423281330</td>
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			<td>Pipette</td>
			<td>Changde BKMAM Biotechnology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>120302008</td>
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			<td>Salidroside</td>
			<td>Chengdu Herbpurify Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>H-040</td>
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			<td>Saturate tank&#160;</td>
			<td>Yancheng Liegu Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>10*20 P-1</td>
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			<td>Silica gel plate</td>
			<td>Yantai Jiangyou Silica Gel Development&#160; Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>HSG20211227</td>
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			<td>Trichloromethane</td>
			<td>Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd</td>
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			<td>Tweezer&#160;</td>
			<td>Changde BKMAM Biotechnology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>130302027</td>
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			<td>Tyrosol</td>
			<td>Chengdu Herbpurify Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>L-042</td>
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			<td>Ultrasound equipment</td>
			<td>Ningbo Xinyi Ultrasonic Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>SB-8200DTS</td>
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			<td>Volumetric pipet</td>
			<td>Changde BKMAM Biotechnology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>120301006</td>
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field collection and laboratory routine identification of rhodiola crenulata

Tıbbi materyallerin tanımlanması, ilaç güvenliğinin öncülü ve garantisidir. Bilimsel araştırmacıların çoğu, bitkilerin basit, hızlı, etkili ve ucuz tanımlama sürecini tercih etmek zorundadır. Rhodiola crenulata , çoğunlukla Çin'in Tibet, Yunnan ve Sichuan bölgelerinde dağıtılan, yüksek rakımlarda yetişen geleneksel bir Tibet tıbbıdır. Rhodiola crenulate , anti-inflamatuar, anti-hipoksi ve antioksidan özellikler gibi çoklu biyoaktivitelere sahiptir ve gelişme için büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. Artan pazar talebi ve kaynak içeriğindeki hızlı düşüşle birlikte, Rhodiola crenulata'nın çok sayıda kafası karışmış ürünü insanları rahatsız ediyor. Bu nedenle, bu protokol, rutin laboratuvar testleri ile birlikte sahada Rhodiola crenulata tanımlanması için standart bir süreç sunar. Habitat, mikroskobik özellikler ve ince tabaka kromatografisinin kombinasyonu, şüphesiz Rhodiola crenulata'yı hızlı, verimli ve ekonomik bir şekilde tanımlayacak ve Tibet tıbbının sürekli gelişimine ve tıbbi malzemelerin kalite kontrolüne katkıda bulunacaktır.

Herbal medicine has a long history and rich application experience in China, and it was the first systematic recording in Shennong&#39;s herbal classic1. The discovery of artemisinin applied to malaria promoted the development of herbal medicine into a new stage1. The use of modern scientific technology to uncover the exact mechanism of herbal medicine increases the utilization rate and demand for herbal medicine, opening a new international market for it2,3,4. However, this has led to a series of negative effects. Non-professionals have a vague understanding of the characteristics of herbal medicine, which makes the use of herbal medicine face a huge safety risk5.
Rhodiola crenulata, one of the plants of the Rhodiola species, is mainly distributed in Tibet, northwest Yunnan, and western Sichuan of China (Figure 1)6,7. Rhodiola crenulata comprises salidroside, tyrosol, gallic acid, and other compounds for the treatment of hypoxic-related diseases through the function of &#34;invigorating qi and promoting blood circulation, clearing pulse and calming asthma&#34;8,9,10,11. Field investigation shows that Rhodiola crenulata can be found in the alpine talus zones, gully slopes, and rock crevices at an altitude of 4,000-5,600 m. Its growing environment is cold, full of sunshine and intense radiation, and it belongs to the alpine meadow ecosystem. Rhodiola crenulata can be distributed in lamellar and point-like populations according to the growth terrain, and gene flow can be carried out through cross-pollination.
The pollen abortion of the genus Rhodiola, illegality excavation, and degenerated ecological environment make Rhodiola crenulata an endangered species6,12. In view of the high medicinal value of Rhodiola crenulata, counterfeit products are expected to flow into the market. This article presents the habitat of Rhodiola crenulata and some convenient laboratory identification methods. Firstly, we observed the growth environment of Rhodiola crenulata and its medicinal properties. Secondly, the microstructure of medicinal powder was observed by microscope. The last step is the key point. The representative components of Rhodiola crenulata were separated and identified according to the different adsorption or dissolution properties of these components in a certain substance. DNA-based authentication or metabolomics analysis methods of medicinal plants are complicated and expensive13. These basic, convenient, and economical methods can quickly identify Rhodiola crenulata.

Yazar Gündemi: Rhodiola crenulata için Tanımlama Yöntemlerinin Geliştirilmesi ve Kaynak Dağılımı ve Farmakolojik Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Rhodiola crenulata için Saha Toplama ve Laboratuvar Rutin Tanımlaması

The scope of our research is centered on conducting a resource survey of ethnic medicine. Specifically, this study aims to develop a rapid and convenient methods for the identification of Rhodiola crenulata. The protocol we offer presents a cost-effective, straightforward, and rapid method for identifying various medicinal herbal materials.Our laboratory will concentrate its future research endeavors on investigation two primary areas, the distribution of research associated with Rhodiola crenulata and the pharmacological impacts of this species.

Bu deneysel protokol, sahada Rhodiola crenulate'ın tanımlanmasını ve toplanmasını açıklar. Rhodiola crenulate , yüksek rakımlarda alpin talus bölgelerinde, oluk yamaçlarında ve kaya yarıklarında yaşama eğilimindedir. Rhodiola crenulate'in habitatı, bütün bitkisi, çiçeği ve yaprakları Şekil 2'de gösterilebilir. Rhodiola crenulate kırmızımsı kahverengi bir köksapa sahiptir (Şekil 3A). Tıbbi tozun...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Field Collection and Laboratory Routine Identification of Rhodiola crenulata at JoVE.com

Burada, Rhodiola Crenulata'nın habitat, bitki morfolojisi, tıbbi özellikler, mikroskobik özellikler ve ince tabaka kromatografisinden tanımlanmasını açıklıyoruz.

The identification of medicinal materials is the premise and guarantee of drug safety. The majority of scientific researchers are bound to favor the ...

Araştırmamızın kapsamı, etnik tıbbın bir kaynak araştırmasının yürütülmesine odaklanmıştır. Özellikle, bu çalışma Rhodiola crenulata'nın tanımlanması için hızlı ve uygun yöntemler geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Sunduğumuz protokol, çeşitli tıbbi bitkisel materyalleri tanımlamak için uygun maliyetli, basit ve hızlı bir yöntem sunar.Laboratuvarımız gelecekteki araştırma çabalarını iki ana alanı, Rhodiola crenulata ile ilişkili araştırmaların dağılımı ve bu türün farmakolojik etkileri üzerine yoğunlaştıracaktır.

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Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Field Collection and Laboratory Routine Identification of Rhodiola crenulata

The identification of medicinal materials is the premise and guarantee of drug safety. The majority of scientific researchers are bound to favor the simple, fast, effective, and inexpensive identification process of herbals. Rhodiola crenulata is a traditional Tibetan medicine grown at high altitudes, mainly distributed in Tibet, Yunnan, and Sichuan regions of China. Rhodiola crenulate possesses multiple bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-hypoxia, and antioxidant properties, and has great potential for development. With the increasing market demand and a rapid decrease in resource content, a large number of confused products of Rhodiola crenulata have been troubling people. Therefore, this protocol introduces a standard process for the identification of Rhodiola crenulata in the field combined with routine laboratory testing. The combination of habitat, microscopic features, and thin-layer chromatography will undoubtedly identify Rhodiola crenulata quickly, efficiently, and economically, contributing to the continuous development of Tibetan medicine and the quality control of medicinal materials.

Here, we describe the identification of Rhodiola Crenulata from habitat, plant morphology, medicinal properties, microscopic features, and thin-layer chromatography.

Tıp

Macroscopic and Microscopic Identification of Rhodiola crenulata Traits and Constituents

To begin, observe the appearance traits of Rhodiola Crenulata with the unaided eye and record the observations. Inhale near the plant to identify the fragrance smell. Next, place a small piece of the root in the mouth, then sip and chew for taste identification.Using a brush, remove the soil on the surface of the plant. Place the plant in an oven at 40 degrees Celsius and turn it every 24 hours. Then powder the dried medicinal materials using a powder machine and filter it through a medicated number three sieve.Spread the powder evenly on a clean slide using a dissecting needle covering 1/3 of the slide within a two millimeter area. Using a glass dropper, add a drop of deionized water to the powder and quickly place a cover glass using a tweezer. Next, place the slide onto the microscope platform.Adjust the light source and the coarse focus spiral to view the powder. Switch to a 40X objective lens and observe the starch granules. Again, spread the powder evenly on a slide using a dissecting needle, then add a drop of chloral hydrate to the powder.Hold the slide with a tweezer and heat on the alcohol lamp thrice for one second each. Add a drop of glycerin to the powder and quickly place a cover glass onto the drop. After adjusting the microscope settings as demonstrated previously, select a 40X objective lens to visualize the catheter, cork cells and fibers, along with the wood parenchyma cells and pigment block respectively.Microscopic examination of our Crenulata revealed key features with cork cells appearing brownish yellow, or colorless with polygonal shapes. Starch grains were observed as single or multiples with distinctive umbilical points and closely arranged spiral vessels. Additionally, xylem parenchyma cells were visualized as achromatic and oval, containing calcium oxalate sand crystals, and irregularly shaped brown red pigment blocks were identified.

Rhodiola crenulata Özelliklerinin ve Bileşenlerinin Makroskopik ve Mikroskobik Tanımlanması

Preparing and Analyzing Thin Layer Chromatography Samples of Rhodiola crenulata and Reference Compounds

To begin, weigh three grams of Rhodiola crenulata powder and transfer it into a 100-milliliter conical bottle. Using a large bowl pipette, add 25 milliliters of methanol into the bottle. Place the bottle in the ultrasonic instrument.Set the power to 250 watts, frequency to 40 kilohertz, time to 30 minutes, and start the ultrasonication. Next, rinse the outside of the bottle under running water until it reaches room temperature. Filter the solution through a 0.22-micron microporus membrane.Using a one-milliliter syringe, aspirate 800 microliters of liquid from the bottle and collect 400 microliters of the midstream solution into a chromatographic sample bottle. Measure and add one milligram of salidroside, 0.5 milligrams of tyrosol, and 0.5 milligrams of gallic acid into three separate one-milliliter volumetric flasks. Then, fill each flask to the scale marked with methanol.Sonicate the samples in the ultrasonic instrument using the conditions described previously. Following ultrasonication, aspirate 800 microliters of liquid from the flask. Filter the solution through a 0.22-micrometer microporous membrane and collect 400 microliters of filtrate into the bottle.Add trichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and formic acid on one side of the double tank chromatography cylinder. Shake the cylinder to mix the contents evenly and cover the upper cylinder head. Arrange the gallic acid, salidroside, tyrosol standard solutions, and our crenulata solution on the sample rack in positions A1 to A4.Place a 5x10-centimeter silicone sheet on the sampling table.Turn on the automatic sampling machine and open the air control valve. Press the Continue button for automatic sampling. After sampling, turn off the machine and air valve.Remove the silicone sheet from the machine. Put the silicone sheet into the other side of the double tank chromatography cylinder. Cover the upper cylinder head and pre-saturate for 20 minutes.Next, use a tweezer to hold the upper end of the thin layer plate and quickly put the silicone sheet into the development agent. Once the organic solvent evaporates, spray the silicone sheet with chromogenic solution. The thin layer chromatographic analysis showed that the R.crenulata sample appeared in spots of the same color, corresponding to the gallic acid, salidroside, and tyrosol standards.