<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>전임상 항균 검사를 위한 표준화된 Galleria mellonella 모델

<ol>
	<li>Menard, G., Rouillon, A., Cattoir, V., Donnio, P. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Galleria+mellonella+as+a+suitable+model+of+bacterial+infection:+Past,+present+and+future.">Galleria mellonella as a suitable model of bacterial infection: Past, present and future.</a> Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 11, 782733 (2021).</li><li>Piatek, M., Sheehan, G., Kavanagh, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Galleria+mellonella:+The+versatile+host+for+drug+discovery,+in+vivo+toxicity+testing+and+characterizing+host-pathogen+interactions.">Galleria mellonella: The versatile host for drug discovery, in vivo toxicity testing and characterizing host-pathogen interactions.</a> Antibiotics. 10 (12), 1545 (2021).</li><li>Miethke, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Towards+the+sustainable+discovery+and+development+of+new+antibiotics.">Towards the sustainable discovery and development of new antibiotics.</a> Nat Rev Chem. 5 (10), 726-749 (2021).</li><li>Seyhan, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lost+in+translation:+The+valley+of+death+across+preclinical+and+clinical+divide+-+identification+of+problems+and+overcoming+obstacles.">Lost in translation: The valley of death across preclinical and clinical divide - identification of problems and overcoming obstacles.</a> Transl Med Commun. 4 (1), (2019).</li><li>Firacative, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rearing+and+maintenance+of+Galleria+mellonella+and+its+application+to+study+fungal+virulence.">Rearing and maintenance of Galleria mellonella and its application to study fungal virulence.</a> J Fungus. 6 (3), 130 (2020).</li><li>Pereira, M. F., Rossi, C. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Overview+of+rearing+and+testing+conditions+and+a+guide+for+optimizing+Galleria+mellonella+breeding+and+use+in+the+laboratory+for+scientific+purposes.">Overview of rearing and testing conditions and a guide for optimizing Galleria mellonella breeding and use in the laboratory for scientific purposes.</a> APMIS. 128 (12), 607-620 (2020).</li><li>Jorj&#227;o, A. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=From+moths+to+caterpillars:+Ideal+conditions+for+Galleria+mellonella+rearing+for+in+vivo+microbiological+studies.">From moths to caterpillars: Ideal conditions for Galleria mellonella rearing for in vivo microbiological studies.</a> Virulence. 9 (1), 383-389 (2018).</li><li>Tsai, C. J. -. Y., Loh, J. M. S., Proft, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Galleria+mellonella+infection+models+for+the+study+of+bacterial+diseases+and+for+antimicrobial+drug+testing.">Galleria mellonella infection models for the study of bacterial diseases and for antimicrobial drug testing.</a> Virulence. 7 (3), 214-229 (2016).</li><li>Gallorini, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Immunophenotyping+of+hemocytes+from+infected+Galleria+mellonella+larvae+as+an+innovative+tool+for+immune+profiling,+infection+studies+and+drug+screening.">Immunophenotyping of hemocytes from infected Galleria mellonella larvae as an innovative tool for immune profiling, infection studies and drug screening.</a> Sci Rep. 14, 759 (2024).</li><li>Smith, F. Q., Casadevall, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fungal+immunity+and+pathogenesis+in+mammals+versus+the+invertebrate+model+organism+Galleria+mellonella.">Fungal immunity and pathogenesis in mammals versus the invertebrate model organism Galleria mellonella.</a> Pathog Dis. 79 (3), ftab013 (2021).</li><li>Sugumaran, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparative+biochemistry+of+eumelanogenesis+and+the+protective+roles+of+phenoloxidase+and+melanin+in+insects.">Comparative biochemistry of eumelanogenesis and the protective roles of phenoloxidase and melanin in insects.</a> Pigment Cell Res. 15 (1), 2-9 (2002).</li><li>Sheehan, G., Garvey, A., Croke, M., Kavanagh, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Innate+humoral+immune+defences+in+mammals+and+insects:+The+same,+with+differences.">Innate humoral immune defences in mammals and insects: The same, with differences.</a> Virulence. 9, 1625-1639 (2018).</li><li>Wright, C. L., Kavanagh, O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Galleria+mellonella+as+a+novel+in+vivo+model+to+screen+natural+product-derived+modulators+of+innate+immunity.">Galleria mellonella as a novel in vivo model to screen natural product-derived modulators of innate immunity.</a> Appl Sci. 12 (13), 6587 (2022).</li><li>Newton, S. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Use+of+the+invertebrate+Galleria+mellonella+as+an+infection+model+to+study+the+Mycobacterium+tuberculosis+complex.">Use of the invertebrate Galleria mellonella as an infection model to study the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.</a> J Vis Exp. (148), e59703 (2019).</li><li>Frankel, G., Collins, J. W., Schroeder, G. N., Harding, C. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Use+of+Galleria+mellonella+as+a+model+organism+to+study+Legionella+pneumophila+infection.">Use of Galleria mellonella as a model organism to study Legionella pneumophila infection.</a> J Vis Exp. (81), e50964 (2013).</li><li>Romera, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Galleria+mellonella+infection+model+as+a+system+to+investigate+the+virulence+of+Candida+auris+strains.">The Galleria mellonella infection model as a system to investigate the virulence of Candida auris strains.</a> Pathog Dis. 78 (9), ftaa067 (2020).</li><li>Kwadha, C. A., Ong'amo, G. O., Ndegwa, P. N., Raina, S. K., Fombong, A. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+biology+and+control+of+the+greater+wax+moth,+Galleria+mellonella.">The biology and control of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella.</a> Insects. 8 (2), 61 (2017).</li><li>Miles, A. A., Misra, S. S., Irwin, J. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+estimation+of+the+bactericidal+power+of+the+blood.">The estimation of the bactericidal power of the blood.</a> J Hyg. 38, 732-749 (1938).</li><li>Ignasiak, K., Maxwell, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Galleria+mellonella+(greater+wax+moth)+larvae+as+a+model+for+antibiotic+susceptibility+testing+and+acute+toxicity+trials.">Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth) larvae as a model for antibiotic susceptibility testing and acute toxicity trials.</a> BMC Res Notes. 10 (1), 428 (2017).</li><li>Hesketh-Best, P. J., Mouritzen, M. V., Shandley-Edwards, K., Billington, R. A., Upton, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Galleria+mellonella+larvae+exhibit+a+weight-dependent+lethal+median+dose+when+infected+with+methicillin-resistant+Staphylococcus+aureus.">Galleria mellonella larvae exhibit a weight-dependent lethal median dose when infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.</a> Pathog Dis. 79 (2), ftab003 (2021).</li><li>Mahenthiralingam, E., Weiser, R., Floto, R. A., Davies, J. C., Fothergill, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Selection+of+relevant+bacterial+strains+for+novel+therapeutic+testing:+a+Guidance+document+for+priority+cystic+fibrosis+lung+pathogens.">Selection of relevant bacterial strains for novel therapeutic testing: a Guidance document for priority cystic fibrosis lung pathogens.</a> Curr Clin MicrobiolRep. 9 (4), 33-45 (2022).</li><li>Carter, M. E. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+subtype+of+a+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+cystic+fibrosis+epidemic+strain+exhibits+enhanced+virulence+in+a+murine+model+of+acute+respiratory+infection.">A subtype of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa cystic fibrosis epidemic strain exhibits enhanced virulence in a murine model of acute respiratory infection.</a> J Infect Dis. 202 (6), 935-942 (2010).</li><li>Herrmann, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Colistin-tobramycin+combinations+are+superior+to+monotherapy+concerning+the+killing+of+biofilm+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa.">Colistin-tobramycin combinations are superior to monotherapy concerning the killing of biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa.</a> J Infect Dis. 202 (10), 1585-1592 (2010).</li><li>Hennig, S., Standing, J. F., Staatz, C. E., Thomson, A. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Population+pharmacokinetics+of+tobramycin+in+patients+with+and+without+cystic+fibrosis.">Population pharmacokinetics of tobramycin in patients with and without cystic fibrosis.</a> Clin Pharmacokinet. 52 (4), 289-301 (2013).</li><li>Reyhanoglu, G., Reddivari, A. K. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Tobramycin. , (2023).</li><li>Crass, R. L., Rutter, W. C., Burgess, D. R., Martin, C. A., Burgess, D. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nephrotoxicity+in+patients+with+or+without+cystic+fibrosis+treated+with+polymyxin+b+compared+to+colistin.">Nephrotoxicity in patients with or without cystic fibrosis treated with polymyxin b compared to colistin.</a> Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 61 (4), e02329-e02416 (2017).</li><li>Deacon, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antimicrobial+efficacy+of+tobramycin+polymeric+nanoparticles+for+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+infections+in+cystic+fibrosis:+Formulation,+characterization+and+functionalization+with+dornase+alfa+(DNase).">Antimicrobial efficacy of tobramycin polymeric nanoparticles for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis: Formulation, characterization and functionalization with dornase alfa (DNase).</a> J Control Release. 198, 55-61 (2015).</li><li>Tamma, P. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Infectious+Diseases+Society+of+America+2022+guidance+on+the+treatment+of+extended-spectrum+&#946;-lactamase+producing+enterobacterales+(ESBL-E),+carbapenem-resistant+enterobacterales+(CRE),+and+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+with+difficult-to-treat+resistance+(DTR-P.+aeruginosa).">Infectious Diseases Society of America 2022 guidance on the treatment of extended-spectrum &#946;-lactamase producing enterobacterales (ESBL-E), carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales (CRE), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR-P. aeruginosa).</a> Clin Infect Dis. 75 (2), 187-212 (2022).</li><li>Charan, J., Kantharia, N. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=How+to+calculate+sample+size+in+animal+studies.">How to calculate sample size in animal studies.</a> J PharmacolPharmacother. 4 (4), 303-306 (2022).</li><li>Murray, C. J. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Global+burden+of+bacterial+antimicrobial+resistance+in+2019:+A+systematic+analysis.">Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: A systematic analysis.</a> Lancet. 399 (10325), 629-655 (2022).</li><li>de Kraker, M. E. A., Stewardson, A. J., Harbarth, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Will+10+million+people+die+a+year+due+to+antimicrobial+resistance+by+2050.">Will 10 million people die a year due to antimicrobial resistance by 2050.</a> PLoS Med. 13 (11), e1002184 (2016).</li><li>Prasad, N. K., Seiple, I. B., Cirz, R. T., Rosenberg, O. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Leaks+in+the+pipeline:+A+failure+analysis+of+gram-negative+antibiotic+development+from+2010+to+2020.">Leaks in the pipeline: A failure analysis of gram-negative antibiotic development from 2010 to 2020.</a> Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 66 (5), e0005422 (2022).</li><li>Wang, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+Galleria+mellonella+experimental+model+for+zoonotic+pathogen+Brucella.">A novel Galleria mellonella experimental model for zoonotic pathogen Brucella.</a> Virulence. 14 (1), 2268496 (2023).</li><li>Senior, N. J., Titball, R. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+primary+culture+of+Galleria+mellonella+hemocytes+for+infection+studies.">Isolation and primary culture of Galleria mellonella hemocytes for infection studies.</a> F1000Res. 9, 1932 (2021).</li></ol>

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>22s gauge, Small Hub RN Needle, 2 in, point style 2</td>
			<td>Hamilton</td>
			<td>7758-03</td>
			<td>Replacement for the Hamilton syringe.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bacterial infection stocks</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Bacterial stocks of a known density (CFU/mL) frozen during mid-exponential phase of growth.&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10610813</td>
			<td>Other manufacturers may be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>G. mellonella larvae</td>
			<td>Livefoods</td>
			<td>5.06045E+12</td>
			<td>For this supplier, orders are marked as &#8220;New stock for lab use&#8221;. As of April 2024, new stock is delivered to the supplier on Mondays. Orders should be placed then, for delivery on Wednesdays.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microliter syringe</td>
			<td>Hamilton</td>
			<td>80630</td>
			<td>The 80630 syringe has a 100 &#181;L capacity. Other volumes exist, such as the 80430, 80530 or 80730.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Petri dish</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>12674785</td>
			<td>Other manufacturers may be used.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

galleria mellonella as an antimicrobial screening model

Galleria mellonella (the greater wax moth) larvae are used extensively across the biological sciences as infection models for microbial species, and for toxicity testing of novel drug compounds1,2. They have the potential for considerable utility in a preclinical antimicrobial testing pipeline, as they are high throughput, replicate integral in vivo characteristics of human infection, and reduce reliance on mammalian models, in line with the principles of reduction, refinement, and replacement that govern ethical use of mammalian species in research.
Developing new antibiotics requires extensive preclinical testing in vitro and in vivo models prior to clinical validation3. Only a few novel agents with promising preclinical data packages ever translate through to the clinic, and one contributor to this high attrition rate is a failure of preclinical screens to capture the complexities of infection environments4. These issues contribute not only to a low translation rate of antimicrobial agents to the clinic, but also to an increased use of experimental vertebrate animals during late-stage preclinical screening. To improve the preclinical assessment of novel antimicrobials and to reduce the usage of expensive, time-consuming, complex, and ethically problematic murine in vivo models, better early-stage drug screening tools are needed that reduce the number of unpromising compounds progressing through to testing in vertebrate systems.
G. mellonella has a short lifecycle of 8 weeks, comprised of four life stages: egg, larvae, pupae, and adults, of which the larval form is utilized in this protocol1. G. mellonella are easy to maintain throughout an experiment without the requirement for specialist equipment or a dedicated animal research facility. There is no requirement to seek ethical approval for their use, and researchers may breed the organism in-house to improve experimental quality2,5,6,7. The G. mellonella immune system closely resembles that of the mammalian innate immune system, with the ability to respond to &#39;self&#39; and &#39;non-self&#39; stimuli8. Haemocytes are responsible for pathogen-associated molecular pattern recognition and subsequent phagocytosis, playing a role that is functionally analogous to that of neutrophils in humans9. G. mellonella encodes three types of toll-like receptors that have been identified by sequence homology to humans, and produce complement-like proteins, which recognize non-self material and form localized melanization complexes following the activation and polymerization of phenoloxidase into melanin10. This can serve as a visual read-out of larval health during infection experiments, as the cuticle is darkened by melanization. It should be noted, however, that the melanization axis in insects, which involves phenoloxidase, differs substantially from the tyrosinase-melanin axis in mammals11,12. Additionally, G. mellonella produces 18 inducible antimicrobial peptides, including lysozyme and defensin homologues13. This similarity, as well as the straightforward larval maintenance procedures and high throughput nature of the model, have made G. mellonella a widely utilized organism in the assessment of novel drugs. In preclinical antibiotic development, G. mellonella has increased utility compared to in vitro models, as they can more accurately model host-pathogen-drug interactions in a complex environment with active immunity.
At present, there is no standardized research-grade supplier of G. mellonella in Europe. Researchers must instead purchase G. mellonella larvae from bait shops or maintain their own colony. Whilst methods for maintaining an in-house G. mellonella colony have been described and can increase experimental consistency5,6,7, this option is likely to be attractive only to those who use the larvae frequently. As such, this protocol focuses on the experimental setup following the purchase of larvae from a live bait supplier. While more accessible, this method increases experimental complexity and can introduce additional variability into assays due to inconsistencies in the health of the larvae at the point at which they are received from suppliers. For academics, industry, and regulators to accept and adopt G. mellonella testing as part of a preclinical antimicrobial development pipeline, a standardized system for optimization and assessment of antimicrobial efficacy is necessary.
This study optimizes the experimental design of a G. mellonella infection model for antibiotic development. While G. mellonella infection models have been described14,15, the present methodology documents additional steps to mitigate the additional complexity introduced by the inconsistency of supply and provides a framework for the assessment of novel antimicrobials. As a test case, G. mellonella was infected with the WHO priority one pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and treatment with an aminoglycoside agent (tobramycin) was optimized. This framework, illustrated in Figure 1, provides a foundation for future preclinical antimicrobial screening studies with novel agents.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>저자 스포트라이트: 낭포성 섬유증 및 만성 호흡기 감염에서 모델 시스템 및 항균제 발견을 발전시키기 위한 기도 환경 특성화

항균 스크리닝 모델로서의 Galleria mellonella

Our lab seeks to understand how bacteria sense and respond to the environment in the human airways. We characterize airway environments and use the information gained in the design of novel models for studying bacterial physiology during airway infection, and in the identification of novel antimicrobial agents. CFTR modulator therapies have greatly improved lung function and quality of life for individuals with cystic fibrosis.This improvement may cause changes in bacterial expression and factors involved in both virulence and antimicrobial resistance, which may pose challenges in adapting current preclinical infection models. The development of robust cell culture models has been accelerated through the use of air-liquid interface epithelial cell cultures, which were available in both cystic fibrosis and non-CF variants. At the same time, the use of high throughput approaches like transcriptomics to understand bacterial physiology in infection-relevant conditions has helped us understand whether models recapitulate infection scenarios.Developing new antimicrobial agents for treating chronic respiratory infections is challenging. Most preclinical drug screening processes do not fully consider the unique challenges in treating infections in the complex and difficult to access environment of the chronically infected lung. We are working with a network of collaborators to try and standardize a preclinical framework for the development of novel antimicrobial agents for the treatment of chronic respiratory infection.We aim to use the models generated to accelerate drug discovery and to better understand microbial pathogenesis in an airway environment.

To combat the rising global issue of antibiotic resistance, the accelerated development of novel antibiotics is essential. Current preclinical ...

galleria-mellonella-as-an-antimicrobial-screening-model

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Galleria mellonella as an Antimicrobial Screening Model

620 Views.  University of Dundee. Our lab seeks to understand how bacteria sense and respond to the environment in the human airways. We characterize airway environments and use the information gained in the design of novel models for studying bacterial physiology during airway infection, and in the identification of novel antimicrobial agents. CFTR modulator therapies have greatly improved lung function and quality of life for individuals with cystic fibrosis.This improvement may cause changes in bacterial expression ...

Video: Author Spotlight: Characterizing Airway Environments to Advance Model Systems and Antimicrobial Discovery in Cystic Fibrosis and Chronic Respiratory Infections