Chapter 7
Costs
الغرق وتكلفة الفرصة البديلة
Sunk costs are expenditures already made and cannot be recovered, irrespective of future choices. These costs are essentially "sunk" because they ...
التكلفة الثابتة والمتغيرة
In the short run, a firm's costs are divided into fixed and variable. Fixed costs are expenses that do not fluctuate with the level of output. These ...
إجمالي منحنيات التكلفة الثابتة والمتغيرة الإجمالية والإجمالية
In the short run, a firm incurs various fixed expenses such as lease payments, insurance premiums, and machinery depreciation. Collectively, these are ...
متوسط التكلفة الثابتة ومتوسط المتغير ومتوسط التكلفة الإجمالية I
Average Fixed Cost (AFC) is the total fixed cost per unit of output. It's calculated by dividing the total fixed costs (TFC) by the quantity of output ...
متوسط التكلفة الثابتة والمتوسطة المتغيرة ومتوسط التكلفة الإجمالية II
The Average Fixed Cost, or AFC curve, is the graphical representation of the average fixed cost. It starts at the first unit of output. As the level of ...
التكلفة الحدية I
Marginal cost is the additional cost incurred by a firm when it produces one more unit of a good or service. It's derived from the change in total ...
التكلفة الحدية II
The marginal cost (MC) curve typically exhibits a U-shaped pattern, reflecting the relationship between marginal cost and production level. Initially, as ...
العلاقة بين متوسط التكاليف والتكاليف الهامشية
Marginal Cost (MC) is a variable cost that refers to the additional expenses incurred by the firm when producing one more unit of a good or service. The ...
طبيعة التكاليف على المدى الطويل
In the short run, costs can be classified into fixed or variable categories. Variable costs fluctuate with the level of production or service activity, ...
المدى القصير مقابل المدى الطويل: متوسط التكاليف
In the short run, firms cannot adjust the quantity of certain factors of production, like capital and technology. However, firms can change the quantity ...
المدى القصير مقابل المدى الطويل: التكاليف الهامشية
In economics, the short-run marginal cost (SRMC) and long-run marginal cost (LRMC) curves depict how the cost of producing additional units of output ...
وفورات الحجم
A firm may experience economies of scale in the long run. This occurs when a firm's output increases, but its total costs increase at a slower rate. ...
عدم وفورات الحجم
Diseconomies of scale occur in the long run when the costs per unit increase with each additional unit of output. For example, the firm may double its ...
وفورات النطاق
Economies of scope refer to a firm's cost advantages by producing a wider variety of products rather than focusing on a single product. Economies of ...
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