step-step-microsurgical-training-method-combining-two-nonliving

Step By Step: Microsurgical training method combining two nonliving animal models

The learning of microsurgical techniques and the maintenance of microsurgical skills have been traditionally based on the use of living animals, mainly ...

Christine M Kleintert Institute for hand and Microsurgery

Xylanases have significant current and potential uses for several industries including paper and pulp, food, and biofuel. For the biofuel industry, xylanases can be used to aid in the conversion of lignocellulose to fermentable sugars (e.g., xylose). We investigated the thermophilic fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus was yielded for xylanase production and found that the highest activity (850 U/mL) was yielded after 96 h of semisolid fermentation. The enzyme was used for hydrolyzing agricultural residues with and without pretreatment. Such residues were characterized in relation to the maximum xylose content by total acid hydrolysis. The highest xylose yields realized by enzymatic hydrolysis were 24 and 52%, achieved by using 3000 U/g (dried material) of sugarcane bagasse and corncob, respectively, which received both alkali and thermal pretreatment.

Application of xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus IOC-4145 for enzymatic hydrolysis of corncob and sugarcane bagasse.

To evaluate nursing professionals' theoretical knowledge of cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) treatment before specific training, immediately after, and six months later.

Cohort study to evaluate nursing team performance in a theoretical test after training in cardiopulmonary arrest.

The purpose of this study is to compare clinical assessment of congestion performed by a nurse to that performed by cardiologist and correlate them with NT-ProBNP levels.

Nurses' performance in classifying heart failure patients based on physical exam: comparison with cardiologist's physical exam and levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.

This cross-sectional study aimed to describe the prescription of non-pharmacological management of patients with heart failure attending the emergency care of a hospital and the effectiveness of the practice. 256 patients aged 63 ± 13 years, 153 (60%) men, participated in the research. The most commonly prescribed non-pharmacological treatment was sodium restriction, 240 (95%), followed by weight control, 135 (53%). Fluid restriction and fluid balance were the least commonly prescribed treatments, 95 (37%) and 72 (28%), respectively. Only 38 (54%) of balances, 89 (67%) of weight controls and 69 (57%) of diuresis controls were performed. Concerning patients' previous knowledge of the treatments, 229 (90%) were advised to restrict salt intake, and 163 (64%) were advised to restrict fluid intake. Weight control was the least commonly known care, 117 (46%). Except for salt control, the other treatments were prescribed in slightly more than half of the samples, and were ineffective.

Prescribing and conducting non-pharmacological management of patients with decompensated heart failure admitted to a university hospital emergency.

Non-compliance in heart failure (HF) patients is one of the factors leading to hospital readmissions. Under this perspective, a study was carried out in a university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil to describe the compliance with pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of patients admitted with decompensated HF, relating the compliance to the number of hospital admissions and readmissions during a years period. The pharmacological compliance was measured through Morisky scale and the non-pharmacological compliance was measured through a previously validated questionnaire. The sample was composed of 252 patients, median age 63 +/- 13, 151 (60%) male. For the pharmacological compliance, 118 (47%) patients demonstrated high compliance, and 45 (18%) adhered to non-pharmacological treatment. There was no relation found between treatment compliance (pharmacological or non-pharmacological) and readmissions. Patients who had been treated for HF, had knowledge about non-pharmacological care and were able to identify congestion symptoms demonstrated high compliance.

[Adherence of patients with heart failure to treatment in a teaching hospital].

To compare the static frictional forces generated at the bracket/wire interface of stainless steel brackets with different geometries and angulations, combined with orthodontic wires of different diameters.

Comparison of static friction with self-ligating, modified slot design and conventional brackets.

The scope of this research was to investigate the potential differences between men and women in the addition of salt to prepared food. The study included 47,557 individuals aged 18 to 64 participating in the Risk and Protection Factors for Chronic Disease Surveillance System by Telephone Interview carried out in 26 Brazilian state capitals and the Federal District in 2006. Differences between men and women were tested by the chi-square test and the association magnitudes between the dependent and independent variables were estimated by the Odds Ratio obtained by Multiple Logistic Regression analysis. The prevalence of the addition of salt to prepared food was 8.3%, being higher among men (9,8% vs 6,9%, p < 0.01). After adjustment, the addition of salt to prepared food was higher in individuals with self-rated fair to poor health, reporting cardiovascular disease and living in the North of Brazil. Hypertensive individuals reported addition of less salt to prepared food. Educational level was not associated with salt usage. Men add more salt than women. Public health policies aimed at reducing salt intake by the population should take into account the gender differences in salt intake and the factors that contribute to such differences.

[Factors associated with the addition of salt to prepared food].

Problem drinking, particularly risky single-occasion drinking is widespread among adolescents and young adults in most Western countries. Mobile phone text messaging allows a proactive and cost-effective delivery of short messages at any time and place and allows the delivery of individualised information at times when young people typically drink alcohol. The main objective of the planned study is to test the efficacy of a combined web- and text messaging-based intervention to reduce problem drinking in young people with heterogeneous educational level.

Efficacy of a web- and text messaging-based intervention to reduce problem drinking in young people: study protocol of a cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Tobacco smoking prevalence continues to be high, particularly among adolescents and young adults with lower educational levels, and is therefore a serious public health problem. Tobacco smoking and problem drinking often co-occur and relapses after successful smoking cessation are often associated with alcohol use. This study aims at testing the efficacy of an integrated smoking cessation and alcohol intervention by comparing it to a smoking cessation only intervention for young people, delivered via the Internet and mobile phone.

Efficacy of an Internet and SMS-based integrated smoking cessation and alcohol intervention for smoking cessation in young people: study protocol of a two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial.

Raquel Castro

Christine M Kleintert Institute for hand and Microsurgery

Step By Step: Microsurgical training method combining two nonliving animal models