accessing-the-porcine-brain-via-high-speed-pneumatic-drill-craniectomy

Accessing the Porcine Brain via High-Speed Pneumatic Drill Craniectomy

The use of pigs as an experimental animal model is especially relevant in neuroscience research, as the porcine and human central nervous systems (CNS) ...

surgical-technique-for-lumbar-spinal-catheter-insertion-pigs-enabling

Surgical Technique for Lumbar Spinal Catheter Insertion in Pigs Enabling Continuous Access to the Thecal Sac in a Terminal Setup

Pigs are increasingly used as a large animal model for pharmacologic CNS research due to the anatomical and physiological similarities between the porcine ...

Aalborg University Hospital

Coagulopathy may deter physicians from performing a lumbar puncture.

Association of Lumbar Puncture With Spinal Hematoma in Patients With and Without Coagulopathy.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potentially fatal complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and thromboprophylaxis should be balanced against risk of bleeding. This study examined risks of VTE and major bleeding in hospitalized and community-managed SARS-CoV-2 patients compared with control populations.

Venous Thromboembolism and Major Bleeding in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study.

The trans-membrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) is essential for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cell entry and infection. Efficacy and safety of TMPRSS2 inhibitors in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) have not been evaluated in randomized trials.

Efficacy of the TMPRSS2 inhibitor camostat mesilate in patients hospitalized with Covid-19-a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Studies on brain abscess are hampered by single-centre design with limited sample size and incomplete follow-up. Thus, robust analyses on clinical prognostic factors remain scarce. This Danish nationwide, population-based cohort study included clinical details of all adults (≥18 years) diagnosed with brain abscess in the Danish National Patient Registry from 2007 through 2014 and the prospective clinical database of the Danish Study Group of Infections of the Brain covering all Danish departments of infectious diseases from 2015 through 2020. All patients were followed for 6 months after discharge. Prognostic factors for mortality at 6 months after discharge were examined by adjusted modified Poisson regression to compute relative risks with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Among 485 identified cases, the median age was 59 years [interquartile range (IQR 48-67)] and 167 (34%) were female. The incidence of brain abscess increased from 0.4 in 2007 to 0.8 per 100 000 adults in 2020. Immuno-compromise was prevalent in 192/485 (40%) and the clinical presentation was predominated by neurological deficits 396/485 (82%), headache 270/411 (66%), and fever 208/382 (54%). The median time from admission until first brain imaging was 4.8 h (IQR 1.4-27). Underlying conditions included dental infections 91/485 (19%) and ear, nose and throat infections 67/485 (14%), and the most frequent pathogens were oral cavity bacteria (59%), Staphylococcus aureus (6%), and Enterobacteriaceae (3%). Neurosurgical interventions comprised aspiration 356/485 (73%) or excision 7/485 (1%) and was preceded by antibiotics in 377/459 (82%). Fatal outcome increased from 29/485 (6%) at discharge to 56/485 (12%) 6 months thereafter. Adjusted relative risks for mortality at 6 months after discharge was 3.48 (95% CI 1.92-6.34) for intraventricular rupture, 2.84 (95% CI 1.45-5.56) for immunocompromise, 2.18 (95% CI 1.21-3.91) for age >65 years, 1.81 (95% CI 1.00-3.28) for abscess diameter >3 cm, and 0.31 (95% CI 0.16-0.61) for oral cavity bacteria as causative pathogen. Sex, neurosurgical treatment, antibiotics before neurosurgery, and corticosteroids were not associated with mortality. This study suggests that prevention of rupture of brain abscess is crucial. Yet, antibiotics may be withheld until neurosurgery, if planned within a reasonable time period (e.g. 24 h), in some clinically stable patients. Adjunctive corticosteroids for symptomatic perifocal brain oedema was not associated with increased mortality.

Clinical features and prognostic factors in adults with brain abscess.

Brain abscess (BA) is a rare, but severe infection and experimental BA animal models may prove crucial for advances in treatment. This review describes the development of experimental BA models and the clinical advances obtained from these, in a historical perspective.

Experimental animal models for brain abscess: a systematic review.

Epilepsy in patients with brain abscess is frequent, but risk factors and prognosis remain undetermined. This study examined risk factors of epilepsy among survivors of brain abscess and associated prognosis.

Risk Factors and Prognosis of Epilepsy Following Brain Abscess: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Oral cavity bacteria are the most frequent etiology of brain abscess. Yet, data on the clinical presentation and outcome are scarce.

Brain Abscess Caused by Oral Cavity Bacteria: A Nationwide, Population-based Cohort Study.

To describe the clinical features and outcome of brain abscess since introduction of computerised tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Theis Mariager

Department of Neurosurgery,
Department of Infectious Diseases

Aalborg University Hospital

Accessing the Porcine Brain via High-Speed Pneumatic Drill Craniectomy

Surgical Technique for Lumbar Spinal Catheter Insertion in Pigs Enabling Continuous Access to the Thecal Sac in a Terminal Setup

Theis Mariager

Department of Neurosurgery,Department of Infectious Diseases

Aalborg University Hospital

Accessing the Porcine Brain via High-Speed Pneumatic Drill Craniectomy

Surgical Technique for Lumbar Spinal Catheter Insertion in Pigs Enabling Continuous Access to the Thecal Sac in a Terminal Setup

Department of Neurosurgery,
Department of Infectious Diseases