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Chapter 12

Analysis of Competitive Markets

价格上限
价格上限
A price ceiling is a regulation that sets the maximum price that can be charged for a product. This is done by the government to keep essential goods ...
价格上限和弹性需求
价格上限和弹性需求
When demand and supply are elastic, the quantity demanded and supplied respond significantly to price changes. In this context, a price ceiling set below ...
价格上限和非弹性需求
价格上限和非弹性需求
In a market with inelastic demand and supply, the quantity demanded and supplied exhibits minimal responsiveness to price fluctuations. So, when prices ...
价格下限
价格下限
A price floor is a regulation that establishes the minimum price that can be charged for a product. Governments often set price floors to ensure producers ...
税
Taxes are mandatory financial charges that governments impose on individuals or businesses. An excise tax, in particular, is levied on the sale of ...
税额和自重损失
税额和自重损失
Consider a small shop selling handmade pottery. The government imposes a small tax percentage on it, increasing its price. Consumers still purchase the ...
税 I 的发生率
税 I 的发生率
Certain goods have an inelastic demand, meaning that with the change in price, the quantity demanded changes very little. Assume the demand for rice is ...
税项 II 的发生率
税项 II 的发生率
Certain goods have an elastic demand, meaning the quantity demanded changes significantly in response to price changes. Luxury cars are an example of such ...
配额
配额
A quota is a regulation that sets a certain quantity of a good or service to be provided. It can either mandate a minimum production level for firms or ...
关税
关税
A tariff is a tax that a government imposes on imported goods. It increases the cost of imported goods, making them less competitive than domestically ...
补贴
补贴
A subsidy is a financial aid to an economic sector by the government to promote greater production of a good or service. Subsidies reduce the cost of ...
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