University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

7 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

Behavior

How to Detect Amygdala Activity with Magnetoencephalography using Source Imaging

Nicholas L. Balderston¹, Douglas H. Schultz¹, Sylvain Baillet^2,3, Fred J. Helmstetter^1,3

¹Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, ²McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, ³Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin

This article describes how to record amygdala activity with magnetoencephalography (MEG). In addition this article will describe how to conduct trace fear conditioning without awareness, a task that activates the amygdala. It will cover 3 topics: 1) Designing a trace conditioning paradigm using backward masking to manipulate awareness. 2) Recording brain activity during the task using magnetoencephalography. 3) Using source imaging to recover signal from subcortical structures.

Engineering

Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light

Salman Karbasi¹, Ryan J. Frazier¹, Craig R. Mirr¹, Karl W. Koch², Arash Mafi¹

¹Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, ²Corning Incorporated, Corning, New York

We develop and characterize a disordered polymer optical fiber that uses transverse Anderson localization as a novel waveguiding mechanism. This microstructured fiber can transport a small localized beam with a radius that is comparable to the beam radius of conventional optical fibers.

Engineering

Iridium Oxide-reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid Thin Film Modified Screen-printed Electrodes as Disposable Electrochemical Paper Microfluidic pH Sensors

Jiang Yang^1,2, Tae-Joon Kwak³, Xiaodong Zhang⁴, Robert McClain⁵, Woo-Jin Chang^*3,6, Sundaram Gunasekaran^*1

¹Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, ²Environment, Energy and Natural Resources Center, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, ³Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, ⁴Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, ⁵Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, ⁶School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

The study demonstrates the growth of iridium oxide-reduced graphene oxide (IrO₂-RGO) nanohybrid thin films on irregular and rough screen-printed carbon substrate through a green electrochemical synthesis, and their implementation as a pH sensor with a patterned paper-fluidic platform.

Behavior

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

Nicholas L. Balderston¹, Abigail Hsiung¹, Jeffrey Liu¹, Monique Ernst¹, Christian Grillon¹

¹Section on Neurobiology of Fear and Anxiety, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health (NIH)

This protocol demonstrates how to measure anxiety-potentiated startle during the Sternberg Working Memory paradigm.

Engineering

Force-Clamp Rheometry for Characterizing Protein-based Hydrogels

Luai R. Khoury¹, Joel Nowitzke¹, Narayan Dahal¹, Kirill Shmilovich¹, Annie Eis¹, Ionel Popa¹

¹Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

A new force-clamp rheometry technique is used to investigate the mechanical properties of low-volume protein-based hydrogel samples tethered between a voice-coil motor and a force sensor. An analog proportional-integral-derivative (PID) system allows for the 'clamping' of the force experienced to the desired protocol.

Bioengineering

Human iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocyte Networks on Multiwell Micro-electrode Arrays for Recurrent Action Potential Recordings

Viviana Zlochiver^*1, Stacie L. Kroboth^*1, Christopher R. Beal¹, Jonathan A. Cook¹, Rosy Joshi-Mukherjee^1,2,3

¹Aurora Research Institute, Advocate Aurora Health Care, ²Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, ³Department of Medicine-Cardiovascular, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University

This article contains a set of protocols for the development of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) networks cultured on multiwell MEA plates to reversibly electroporate the cell membrane for action potential measurements. High-throughput recordings are obtained from the same cell sites repeatedly over days.

Bioengineering

Motor Imagery Performance Through Embodied Digital Twins in a Virtual Reality-Enabled Brain-Computer Interface Environment

Kishor Lakshminarayanan¹, Rakshit Shah², Vadivelan Ramu¹, Deepa Madathil³, Yifei Yao⁴, Inga Wang⁵, Brahim Brahmi⁶, Mohammad Habibur Rahman⁷

¹Department of Sensors and Biomedical Tech, School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, ²Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arizona, ³Jindal Institute of Behavioural Sciences, O. P. Jindal Global University, ⁴Soft Tissue Biomechanics Laboratory, Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ⁵Department of Occupational Science & Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, ⁶Electrical Engineering, Collège Ahuntsic, ⁷Department of Mechanical Engineering, BioRobotics Lab, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Motor imagery in a virtual reality environment has wide applications in brain-computer interface systems. This manuscript outlines the use of personalized digital avatars that resemble the participants performing movements imagined by the participant in a virtual reality environment to enhance immersion and a sense of body ownership.