Chapter 13
Membrane Transport and Active Transporters
膜转运的意义
The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action ...
膜转运蛋白
Transporters are essential membrane transport proteins with functions related to cell nutrition, homeostasis, communication, etc. Approximately 7% of all ...
便利的交通
The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and ...
初级主动运输
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or ...
ATP 驱动泵 I:概述
ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic ...
ATP 驱动泵 II:P 型泵
The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from ...
ATP 驱动泵 III:V 型泵
V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of ...
ABC 运输商:出口商
ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporter is the largest superfamily of integral membrane proteins. The transporters have transmembrane-binding domains ...
ABC Transporters: 进口商
ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporters are a class of ATP-driven pumps that hydrolyze ATP to move solutes across the membrane. They can be grouped into ...
葡萄糖转运蛋白
Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the ...
辅助主动运输
One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this ...
溶质的跨细胞转运
Transcellular transport of solutes is the movement of substances like monosaccharides and amino acids through polarized cells. This transport mechanism is ...
葡萄糖吸收到小肠中
Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form ...
胃 pH 调节
The human body carefully regulates the internal pH of different organs to maintain homeostasis. For example, while the blood plasma maintains a neutral pH ...
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