登录

Alkenes can be obtained from amines via an E2 elimination. The amine is first converted into a good leaving group, such as a quaternary ammonium salt. This is accomplished by treating the amine with an excess of alkyl halide, which results in a halide salt. Next, the halide salt is transformed into a hydroxide salt that functions as a base to enable elimination.

Under thermal conditions, the hydroxide can abstract a proton from the β carbon; this generates an alkene with the simultaneous release of a neutral amine molecule. This elimination process is called the Hofmann elimination. For the elimination to occur, the β proton and tertiary amine group must be positioned opposite or anti-periplanar to each other. This reaction yields the less substituted alkene as the major product, also known as the Hofmann product.

Tags

Hofmann EliminationAminesAlkenesE2 EliminationQuaternary Ammonium SaltAlkyl HalideHydroxide SaltcarbonAnti periplanarHofmann ProductLess Substituted Alkene

来自章节 19:

article

Now Playing

19.21 : Amines to Alkenes: Hofmann Elimination

Amines

2.4K Views

article

19.1 : 胺类:简介

Amines

4.0K Views

article

19.2 : 伯胺的命名法

Amines

3.2K Views

article

19.3 : 仲胺和叔胺的命名法

Amines

3.5K Views

article

19.4 : 芳基胺和杂环胺的命名法

Amines

2.2K Views

article

19.5 : 胺的结构

Amines

2.4K Views

article

19.6 : 胺的物理性质

Amines

2.8K Views

article

19.7 : 脂肪胺的碱度

Amines

5.6K Views

article

19.8 : 芳香胺的碱度

Amines

7.0K Views

article

19.9 : 杂环芳香胺的碱度

Amines

5.3K Views

article

19.10 : 胺类的 NMR 波谱

Amines

8.1K Views

article

19.11 : 胺类质谱法

Amines

4.0K Views

article

19.12 : 胺的制备:氨和胺的烷基化

Amines

3.1K Views

article

19.13 : 1°胺的制备:叠氮化物合成

Amines

3.7K Views

article

19.14 : 1°胺的制备:Gabriel 合成

Amines

3.4K Views

See More

JoVE Logo

政策

使用条款

隐私

科研

教育

关于 JoVE

版权所属 © 2025 MyJoVE 公司版权所有,本公司不涉及任何医疗业务和医疗服务。