虚拟现实环境中人类观察者的受控旋转

摘要

人类观察者的受控物理旋转对于某些实验，娱乐和教育应用是可取的。本文概述了将办公室转椅转换为在虚拟现实环境中进行受控物理旋转的介质的方法。

摘要

虚拟现实（VR）系统的低成本和可用性支持了最近在更自然，多感官和沉浸式条件下对感知和行为的研究的加速。使用VR系统特别受益的一个研究领域是多感官整合，例如，视觉和前庭线索的整合，以产生自我运动感。因此，在虚拟环境中控制观察者物理旋转的可访问方法代表了一项有用的创新。本文介绍了一种自动旋转办公室转椅的方法，以及一种将该运动集成到VR体验中的方法。使用示例实验来证明，由此产生的物理运动以符合期望的方式与观察者的视觉体验相结合;当运动与视觉刺激一致时，积分高;当运动不协调时，积分低。

引言

许多线索在自然条件下结合在一起，产生自我运动的感觉¹。在许多娱乐、健康和教育 VR 应用中，产生这种感觉是一个目标^{2，3，4，5}，简单地理解线索如何组合在一起以提供自我运动感一直是神经科学家的长期努力^{6，7，8，9，10，11}.自我运动感知的三类最重要的线索是视觉，前庭和本体感觉¹。在现实世界的自然运动过程中，这三者一致地结合在一起，以提供强大而丰富的自我运动感。为了理解每类线索的作用并了解线索如何组合，研究人员传统上剥夺了实验观察者一个或多个线索和/或将线索相互冲突的线索^1，12

研究方案

警告：电气工作应由合格的人员执行。

1. 机械系统设置程序

1. 将主滑轮连接到转椅的上轴上。
   1. 卸下上轴。
      注意：这通常涉及将椅子放在其侧面，并卸下椅子底部的销钉，以防止上轴滑出下轴。
   2. 将皮带轮摩擦贴合到轴上。
      1. 使用游标卡钳获取轴的直径。使用车床镗入滑轮孔以匹配轴的直径。
      2. 为螺钉创建螺纹孔，将皮带轮固定在轴上。在皮带轮的轮毂上钻额外的孔，总共4个，使直径与螺钉的直径相匹配。使用丝锥螺纹螺纹孔，以便可以使用螺钉将皮带轮固定到轴上，使螺纹与螺钉的螺纹相匹配
         注意：如果无法创建螺纹，另一种方法是一直钻过皮带轮的轮毂和椅子的轴，并在确定皮带轮的正确位置后（在步骤1.4.6之后）一直使用螺栓。
      3. 将滑轮滑到椅轴上。
      4. 松动插入螺钉（主皮带轮和小皮带轮对齐后拧紧）。
   3. 将传动带松松地放在上部椅子轴上（以后适合主皮带轮和小皮带轮）。
   4. 将上部椅子轴重新连接到椅子底座上。
2. 将电机安装座连接到转椅的底部轴上。
   1. 制造一个可调节的夹具，电机安装支架可以连接到该夹具上。
      1. 制造夹具的两个匹配组件 - 轴的每侧一个（用四个螺栓挤压在一起）。有关尺寸，请参见

结果

示例实验的目的是确定物理旋转的添加 （ 与场景中的视觉背景运动一致或不一致 - 是否影响该场景中移动目标的感知方向。基于背景运动影响感知目标方向的假设，即根据参与者的视觉系统将背景运动的原因分配给自我运动的容易程度，预计同余和不一致的物理运动之间的差异^32，33。如果背景和物理运动是一致的，那么预计会有更大的因果联系感，?.......

讨论

本文介绍了一种在观察者或实验者控制下将自动旋转添加到办公椅上的方法，以及一种将该运动集成到虚拟体验中的随附方法。关键步骤包括将电机机械连接到椅子上，设置电机的电源和电气控制，然后配置Arduino和计算机来驱动电机控制器。机械连接步骤需要一些专门的设备和技能，尽管已经为最困难的任务提出了解决方法。根据硬件的可用性，可能需要进一步的修改。

高?.......

材料

Name	Company	Catalog Number	Comments
48 V DC power supply (motor)	Meanwell	RSP-320-48	https://www.meanwellaustralia.com.au/products/rsp-320
5 V DC power supply (arduino)	Jaycar	MP3295	https://www.jaycar.com.au/15w-5v-3a-enclosed-power-supply/p/MP3295?pos=5&queryId=dda344422ab16c6 7f558551ac0acbd40
Ardity plugin for Unity	Open Source		https://ardity.dwilches.com/
Arduino MEGA 2560	Jaycar	XC4420	https://www.jaycar.com.au/duinotech-mega-2560-r3-board-for-arduino/p/XC4420?pos=2&queryId=901771805f4bf6e0 ec31d41601d14dc3
Arduino software	Arduino		https://www.arduino.cc/en/software
Belt	Motion Dynamics	RFTB10010	Choose a size that suits the application. We used 60 tooth. https://www.motiondynamics.com.au/polyurethane-timing-belts-16mm-t-10/
Bracket bolts (holding motor)	The Fastner Factory	161260	x 4. https://www.thefastenerfactory.com.au/bolts-and-nuts/all-stainless-bolts/stainless-button-socket-head-cap-screws/stainless-steel-button-socket-head-cap-screw-m6-x-35mm-100pc
Bracket bolts (not holding motor)	The Fastner Factory	161258	x 4. https://www.thefastenerfactory.com.au/bolts-and-nuts/all-stainless-bolts/stainless-button-socket-head-cap-screws/stainless-steel-button-socket-head-cap-screw-m6-x-25mm-100pc
Clamp Angle Iron	Austral Wright Metals	50004813	x 2. https://www.australwright.com.au/products/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-bar-round-flat-angle-square/
Clamp bolts	The Fastner Factory	161265	x 4. https://www.thefastenerfactory.com.au/bolts-and-nuts/all-stainless-bolts/stainless-button-socket-head-cap-screws/stainless-steel-button-socket-head-cap-screw-m6-x-70mm-100pc
Clamp leaves (stainless flat bar)	Austral Wright Metals	50004687	x 8. https://www.australwright.com.au/products/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-bar-round-flat-angle-square/
Cover (acrylic)	Bunnings Warehouse	1010489	https://www.bunnings.com.au/suntuf-900-x-600-x-5mm-grey-acrylic-sheet_p1010489
Cover bolts/nuts	Bunnings Warehouse	247292	x 4. https://www.bunnings.com.au/pinnacle-m3-x-16mm-stainless-steel-hex-head-bolts-and-nuts-12-pack_p0247292
Cover brackets	Bunnings Warehouse	44061	x 4. https://www.bunnings.com.au/zenith-20mm-zinc-plated-angle-bracket-16-pack_p0044061
Emergency shut-off switch	Jaycar	SP0786	https://www.jaycar.com.au/latching-emergency-stop-switch/p/SP0786?pos=1&queryId=5abe9876cf78dc3d d26b9067fbc36f74
Hybrid stepper motor and driver	Vevor	?	Closed Loop Stepper Motor Nema 34 12NM Servo Motor Hybrid Driver https://vevor.com.au/products/1712oz-in-nema34-closed-loop-stepper-motor-12nm-hybrid-servo-driver-hsc86-kit?variant=33058303311975
IEC mains power connector	RS components	811-7213	https://au.rs-online.com/web/p/iec-connectors/8117213
Instrument case (housing)	Jaycar	HB6381	https://www.jaycar.com.au/abs-instrument-case-with-purge-valve-mpv2/p/HB6381
LED	Jaycar	ZD0205	https://www.jaycar.com.au/green-10mm-led-100mcd-round-diffused/p/ZD0205?pos=11&queryId=e596cbd3d71e86 37ab9340cee51175e7&sort= relevance
Main pulley (chair)	Motion Dynamics	ALTP10020	Choose a size that suits the application. More teeth = slower rotation. We used 36 tooth. https://www.motiondynamics.com.au/timing-pulleys-t10-16mm.html
Motor attachment bars (Stainless flat bar)	Austral Wright Metals	50004687	x 4. https://www.australwright.com.au/products/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-bar-round-flat-angle-square/
Mounting brackets (stainless flat bar)	Austral Wright Metals	50004687	x 2. https://www.australwright.com.au/products/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-bar-round-flat-angle-square/
Nuts	The Fastner Factory	161989	x 12. https://www.thefastenerfactory.com.au/stainless-steel-hex-nylon-insert-lock-nut-m6-100pc
On/off switch	Jaycar	SK0982	https://www.jaycar.com.au/dpdt-illuminated-rocker-large-red/p/SK0982?pos=4&queryId=88e0c5abfa682b74 fa631c6d513abc73&sort=relevance
Potentiometer	Jaycar	RP8610	https://www.jaycar.com.au/10k-ohm-logarithmic-a-single-gang-9mm-potentiometer/p/RP8610?pos=4&queryId=0d1510281ba100d 174b8e3d7f806a020
Pulley screws	The Fastner Factory	155856	x 5. https://www.thefastenerfactory.com.au/stainless-steel-hex-socket-head-cap-screw-m4-x-25mm-100pc
resistor 150 Ohm	Jaycar	RR2554	https://www.jaycar.com.au/150-ohm-1-watt-carbon-film-resistors-pack-of-2/p/RR2554?pos=19&queryId=48c6317c73fd361 a42c835398d282c4a&sort= relevance
Small pulley (motor)	Motion Dynamics	ALTP10020	Choose a size that suits the application. More teeth = faster rotation. We used 24 tooth. https://www.motiondynamics.com.au/timing-pulleys-t10-16mm.html
Small toggle switch	Jaycar	ST0555	https://www.jaycar.com.au/sealed-mini-toggle-switch/p/ST0555?pos=14&queryId=066b989a151d83 31885c6cec92fba517&sort= relevance
Steam software	Valve Corporation		https://store.steampowered.com/
SteamVR plugin for Steam	Valve Corporation		https://store.steampowered.com/app/250820/SteamVR/
Unity software	Unity Technologies		https://unity3d.com/get-unity/download
VR system	Scorptec	99HANW007-00	HTC Vive Pro with controllers and base stations. https://www.scorptec.com.au/product/gaming-peripherals/vr/72064-99hanw007-00?gclid=Cj0KCQiA5OuNBhCRARIsA CgaiqX8NjXZ9F6ilIpVmYEhhanm GA67xLzllk5EmjuG0gnhu4xmiE _RwSgaAhn8EALw_wcB