<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3966">Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children</a></h2>
Peiling Yap1, 2, Thomas F&#252;rst1, 2, Ivan M&#252;ller1, 2, Susi Kriemler1, 2, J&#252;rg Utzinger1, 2, Peter Steinmann1, 2 1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, 2University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Chronic infection with soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) causes malabsorption, stunting, and wasting in the growing child. Hence, it is plausible that these infections also reduce the physical fitness of children. Here, we visualize two techniques for the diagnosis of STHs and the 20-meter shuttle run test for assessing children's physical fitness.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4017">In ovo Electroporation in Chick Midbrain for Studying Gene Function in Dopaminergic Neuron Development</a></h2>
Ben Yang1,*, Lauren B. Geary1,*, Yong-Chao Ma1, 2 1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chicago Research Center, 2Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine * These authors contributed equally
To assess the function and the regulation of genes during the development of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, we describe a method that involves in ovo electroporation of plasmid DNA constructs into embryonic chick ventral midbrain dopaminergic neuron progenitors. This technique can be used to achieve efficient expression of genes of interest to study different aspects of midbrain development and dopaminergic neuron differentiation.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4032">Isolation of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells and Their Use in the Study of Neutrophil Transmigration Under Flow Conditions</a></h2>
Anutosh Ganguly, Hong Zhang, Ritu Sharma, Sean Parsons, Kamala D. Patel Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary 
This article first describes a procedure for isolating human endothelial cells from umbilical veins and then shows how to use these cells to examine neutrophil transmigration under flow conditions. By using a low-volume flow chamber made from a polymer with the optical characteristics of glass, live-cell fluorescent imaging of rare cell populations is also possible.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4104">Construction and Testing of Coin Cells of Lithium Ion Batteries</a></h2>
Archana Kayyar1, Jiajia Huang1, Mojtaba Samiee1, Jian Luo1, 2 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, 2Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University
A protocol to construct and test coin cells of lithium ion batteries is described. The specific procedures of making a working electrode, preparing a counter electrode, assembling a cell inside a glovebox and testing the cell are presented.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4119">Quantitative Measurement of Invadopodia-mediated Extracellular Matrix Proteolysis in Single and Multicellular Contexts </a></h2>
Karen H. Martin, Karen E. Hayes, Elyse L. Walk, Amanda Gatesman Ammer, Steven M. Markwell, Scott A. Weed Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Program in Cancer Cell Biology, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University 
We describe the prototypical method for producing microscope coverslips coated with fluorescent gelatin for visualizing invadopodia-mediated matrix degradation. Computational techniques using available software are presented for quantifying the resultant levels of matrix proteolysis by single cells within a mixed population and for multicellular groups encompassing entire microscopic fields.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4161">Lensfree On-chip Tomographic Microscopy employing Multi-Angle Illumination and Pixel Super-Resolution</a></h2>
Serhan O. Isikman1, Waheb Bishara1, Aydogan Ozcan1, 2, 3 1Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles , 2Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles , 3California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles 
Lensfree optical tomography is a three-dimensional microscopy technique that offers a spatial resolution of &lt;1 &mu;m &times; &lt;1 &mu;m &times; &lt;3 &mu;m in x, y and z dimensions, respectively, over a large imaging-volume of 15-100 mm3, which can be particularly useful for integration with lab-on-a-chip platforms.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4233">An Analytical Tool that Quantifies Cellular Morphology Changes from Three-dimensional Fluorescence Images</a></h2>
Carolina L. Haass-Koffler1, 2, Mohammad Naeemuddin1, Selena E. Bartlett1, 3 1Medications Development, Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California, San Francisco , 2Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of California, San Francisco , 3Translational Research Institute and the Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
We developed a software platform that utilizes Imaris Neuroscience, ImarisXT and MATLAB to measure the changes in morphology of an undefined shape taken from three-dimensional confocal fluorescence of single cells. This novel approach can be used to quantify changes in cell shape following receptor activation and therefore represents a possible additional tool for drug discovery.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/1650">Lensless On-chip Imaging of Cells Provides a New Tool for High-throughput Cell-Biology and Medical Diagnostics</a></h2>
Onur Mudanyali1, Anthony Erlinger1, Sungkyu Seo1, Ting-Wei Su1, Derek Tseng1, Aydogan Ozcan1, 2 1Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, 2California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles
Lensfree on-chip imaging and characterization of cells is illustrated. This on-chip cell imaging approach provides a compact and cost-effective tool for medical diagnostics and high-throughput cell biology applications, making it especially suitable for resource poor settings.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3181">Lensless Fluorescent Microscopy on a Chip</a></h2>
Ahmet F. Coskun, Ting-Wei Su, Ikbal Sencan, Aydogan Ozcan Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles 
A lensless on-chip fluorescent microscopy platform is demonstrated that can image fluorescent objects over an ultra-wide field-of-view of e.g., &#62;0.6-8 cm2 with &#60;4&#956;m resolution using a compressive sampling based decoding algorithm. Such a compact and wide-field fluorescent on-chip imaging modality could be valuable for high-throughput cytometry, rare-cell research and microarray-analysis.

august 2012: this month in jove

传统的显微镜需要放大标本的镜头目标，并可能涉及众多的光学元件，如额外的目标，过滤器和镜子，折射和直接光光学传感器。 朱庇特（可视化实验杂志）2012年8月发行，标志着从，奥兹坎实验室（美国加州大学洛杉矶分校），他们的镜头镜头无“片上”显微镜平台，他们已率先公布第三。 奥兹坎实验室早在2009年，发表了他们的第一篇文章，这表明使用无透镜成像平台，全血内的图像细胞。这种成像技术，包括直接将样品标准摄像机的CCD或CMOS芯片一样，光电传感器阵列。然后，LED从样品上方的照明蒙上阴影的芯片，它可以承受图像处理的数字全息图记录。不仅这个无透镜成像系统允许一个非常大的领域观点（视野0.6-8厘米2），缺乏笨重的光学元件，使得微流体应用的优秀。奥兹坎组及其后续2011年的朱庇特的文章，其中荧光标记的白血细胞内的微芯片成像演示。 这个月在朱庇特，奥兹坎组镜头的显微镜平台，将它应用到线虫C.层析成像演示的进一步发展线虫 。通过改变光照的角度，使用电动旋转舞台，奥兹坎组多个全息片显示了如何生成可为样本，处理后，可结合成tomograms的。的的奥兹坎组确认援引咽管，5微米厚的结构，只是在一个片，并在三维重建截面可见，他们的蠕虫病毒的三维重建是成功的。 - 奥兹坎组的设计和组装 - 镜头成像系统结构紧凑，价格低廉的性质使它们适合点护理诊断应用程序，或者甚至基于手机显微镜可以在现场进行。 朱庇特的Ernest Gallo临床和研究中心在美国加州大学旧金山学会如何在单细胞的形态学变化，采用三维荧光显微镜和计算机分析可视化。在此过程中，细胞受体激动剂，拮抗剂加激动剂，或根本没有治疗，准备和荧光显微镜。三维图像采集与双光子激光系统的帮助下，Imaris和Matlab的计算机处理的荧光数据。 为了证明这项技术的力量，我们的作家量化HEK293细胞的单细胞表型的改变。三，尺寸之NAL形态分析表明激动剂治疗的细胞中的戏剧性变化。这些变化并不总是很明显，当使用传统的二维分析。这种技术允许在单个细胞的形态变化进行量化和特点，以药物刺激的反应，药物研发阿森纳提供了强大的新的评估工具。 本月初，在朱庇特应用物理系，我们前往南卡罗来纳州克莱姆森大学材料科学与工程学院访问。在这里，研究人员展示我们如何构建实验室研究锂离子电池。 一个锂钮扣电池的基本组成部分，是工作电极，锂电池电解液和锂箔电极。纽扣电池中的不同组件都经过精心组装和密封与压接机。然后可以完成的纽扣电池在电池测试仪的特点。使用其自制的钮扣电池，我们的研究人员可以尝试使用不同的材料，使锂钮扣电池的阴极。 这在朱庇特的免疫和感染的一个月，我们前往瑞士巴塞尔，见证寄生虫感染的诊断技术。我们也看到，调查如何执行儿童的折返跑测试，以评估这些感染对体能的影响。 寄生虫是寄生蠕虫，可以住进去人类和动物。许多物种的肠道感染，可通过土壤传播。作者展示了改良加藤技术，这是用来诊断几种常见的土壤传播的蠕虫。他们还表现出的的贝尔曼技术，它采用光刺激趋光蠕虫样品准备的某些类型的迁移。蠕虫物种的各类随后可以根据形态。 我们的作者然后说明如何建立并执行一个20米的儿童穿梭运行测试，测量蠕虫感染对体能的影响。这种方法可以帮助确定整体健康的土壤传播的蠕虫感染的真实负担。 这个简要的亮点，但将在八月公布的几个显着的视频，文章。我们还将专题文章，演示如何表达基因在鸡胚脑，研究中性粒细胞轮回衬有内皮细胞，在平行流室，并精确地测量外基质蛋白降解。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about August 2012: This Month in JoVE at JoVE.com

August 2012: This Month in JoVE

传统的显微镜需要放大标本的镜头目标，并可能涉及众多的光学元件，如额外的目标，过滤器和镜子，折射和直接光光学传感器。朱庇特（可视化实验杂志）2012年8月发行，标志着从，奥兹坎实验室（美国加州大学洛杉矶分校），他们的镜头镜头无“片上”显微镜平台，他们已率先公布第三。

2012年8月：本月在朱庇特

Traditional microscopy requires lens objectives to magnify specimens, and can involve numerous optical components like additional objectives, filters, and ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

8.8K 次观看.  Massachusetts Eye and Ear. 传统的显微镜需要放大标本的镜头目标，并可能涉及众多的光学元件，如额外的目标，过滤器和镜子，折射和直接光光学传感器。朱庇特（可视化实验杂志）2012年8月发行，标志着从，奥兹坎实验室（美国加州大学洛杉矶分校），他们的镜头镜头无“片上”显微镜平台，他们已率先公布第三。

视频: August 2012: This Month in JoVE

December 2011: This Month in JoVE

The Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE) closes 2011 with a December issue that begins by honoring World's AIDS Day with an article that deals with visualizing the structure of HIV envelope glycoproteins, which are a critical component of the viral infection pathway.
One key method for determining virion envelope structure is cryo-electron tomography. Prior to using this technique, soluble virus must be vitrified on a gold grid - a process that involves adding gold to a viral suspension, transferring that suspension to the grid, and plunging the grid into liquid ethane. The virus particles, present in a thin film of liquid atop the grid, are frozen at a rate greater than 100,000 K per second. Following vitrification, collected samples are loaded into the electron microscope and precisely defined regions on the grid are hit with a focused electron beam, while the grid is tilted. The tilt series that results from these imaging sessions is comprised of hundreds of individual images, which must be aligned and averaged to resolve individual envelope proteins. This computationally intense process often requires computer clusters, capable of remote-access parallel processing, like NIH's Biowulf.
Once completed, 3D models can not only provide insight into the structure of envelope glycoproteins themselves, but can also reveal the manner in which they interact other proteins, like the neutralizing antibody B12, which is information that can greatly influence vaccine design.
This article, from the laboratory of Dr. Sriram Subramaniam involves contributions from twenty authors, including not only graduates students and postdocs, but also middle and highschool students, showing that you are never too young to make an impact in the fight against a disease that has infected over 60 million people, worldwide.
In Clinical and Translational Medicine, JoVE presents an article from the University College London and the University of Oxford that investigates the physiological correlates of nociception, or pain sensation, in infants. Typically, infants respond to noxious stimuli by crying and changing their facial expressions - reactions considered to be autonomic and reliant on subcortical regions of the brain.
In order to understand the involvement of the cerebral cortex and spinal cord in infant nociception our authors first prepare infants for EEG and EMG recordings. They also set up physiological monitoring and video recording, so that the infant's facial expressions can be linked to physiological data. Following assessment of infant responses to neutral tactile stimuli, the baby is subjected to heel lancing - a clinical procedure used to obtain blood samples from infants. After data processing, electrical potentials can be compared between noxious and non-noxious stimuli in these infants, which will hopefully lead to meaningful conclusions, regarding how nociceptive information is interpreted by newborns.
JoVE's Bioengineering section takes a more clinical focus in December with an article from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, which involves the fabrication of a compartmentalized microfluidic device for studying cancer stem cell migration. Following device design, master molds are created by photolithography for the application of poly dimethyl siloxane (PDMS)- an organosilicon compound that is transparent and biologically inert - making it suitable for microfluidics applications with live cells. Specifically, our authors load tumor stem cells derived from multiform glioblastoma, a highly malignant brain cancer, into the compartmentalized devices and then place them in a specialized imaging system that acquires data over a few days. 
Time lapse video from these authors show that cancer stem cells are able to regulate their morphology in the size-constrained microfluidic channels much like they would in the interstitial space, and fluidic isolation made possible by chambers like these facilitates drug screening for potential therapeutics that can affect cancer stem cell migration.
Late on in the month, JoVE travels to France, where investigators from the Institute Pasteur and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, illustrate a method for inducing expression of channel-rhodopsin, a light-activated ion channel, into the olfactory bulb of mice, as well as subsequent neuronal stimulation using a miniature light emitting diode (LED).
Our authors give detailed step-by-step instructions for preparing injection needles, and for precise injection of virus into the rostral migratory stream, a site of migration for adult born neuroblasts. Furthermore, they show how miniature LED stimulation devices are fabricated, calibrated, and implanted atop a cranial window prepared over the bulb. In particular, our authors are interested in the way that adult born neurons integrate into existing olfactory neuronal circuits, and they show that LED stimulation in awake behaving animals, can lead to activation of virally-tranduced neuroblasts in the olfactory bulb, which have migrated from the rostral migratory stream.
These video-articles comprise JoVE's highlights for the month of December. Other noteworthy upcoming articles illustrate methods for patterning conductive inks into microelectrodes, measuring cytosolic calcium in contractile lymphatics, and imaging neuronal responses to pheromones in the vomeronasal organ.

Here are some highlights from the December 2011 Issue of Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

这在朱庇特12月

The Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE) closes 2011 with a December issue that begins by honoring World's AIDS Day with an article that deals with ...

科研

生物学

2012: A Year In Review

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE reached a major milestone by publishing our 1500th article. In this publication, in JoVE Bioengineering, Yu et al. described a method for analyzing the free radical composition of cigarette smoke. This method simulated cigarette puffing with a single-port smoking device, and combined it with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to measure the degree to which antioxidant compounds can scavenge free radicals in cigarette smoke. A possible outcome of this research is the creation of less harmful cigarettes.
JoVE Bioengineering also contained the most-viewed article of 2012. Owczarczak et al. described a method for hacking a standard inkjet printer, loading ink cartridges with a cell-suspension "bioink," and printing lines of live cells onto glass slides. The thermal inkjet printing process creates temporary pores in the cell membrane, visualized by the incorporation of fluorescently labeled actin monomers. This concept, called "bioprinting," has many potential applications in cell and tissue engineering.
Also in 2012, JoVE Bioengineering featured a protocol by Hsia et al. for isolating and purifying spider silk protein, spinning it into fibers, and assessing the fiber strength. This protocol for laboratory-scale production of spider silk, which is stronger than tensile steel, can potentially be extended to large-scale manufacturing.
In JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine, we featured a number of articles related to stroke, one of which. In one article, M&ouml;bius-Winkler et al. demonstrated placement of the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage occlusion device from Boston Scientific. This device is designed to prevent strokes by trapping clots within the left atrial appendage of the heart before they exit. Our authors demonstrated how to insert the guide wire through the femoral artery into the heart, advance the device into the left atrium, and deploy the device in the left atrial appendage.
Another article focused on stroke, Hamel et al. described the use of a driving simulator to study how patients compensate for visual field defects following stroke. By analyzing the compensatory gaze behavior of patients as they navigated through virtual driving courses with varying degrees of complexity, our authors see great potential for the use of driving simulators in stroke rehabilitation.
In JoVE Immunology and Infection, we published an article by Keyel et al. describing the real-time kinetics of immune cell responses to bacterial toxins using live cell microscopy. Combined with high-speed 3D confocal microscopy, this technique can also visualize the cellular repair response.
Also in JoVE Immunology and Infection, we featured an article by Yap et al. describing methods for diagnosing helminth infections in children. Helminths are parasitic worms that can infect the intestinal tract of humans and animals, and may be distinguished based on their morphology. The same article demonstrated how to measure the impact of helminth infections on physical fitness in children, which is a measure of overall health.
In JoVE Neuroscience, we featured a method by Hoffmann et al., who used tiny headphones to alter the auditory feedback in songbirds, and analyzed the computational and neurophysiological basis of vocal learning in birds when they adjust their singing in response to altered acoustic signals.
Also in JoVE Neuroscience, we moved from birds to bees with a method that assesses associative and non-associative tactile learning in honeybees. This method, by Mujagi&#263; et al., allowed bees to scan different metal surfaces with their antennae, then conditioned them to expect sugar water when their antennae touched particular surfaces, and analyzed the corresponding changes in antennal movement.
In 2012, we launched a brand-new section: JoVE Applied Physics, which features articles on subjects ranging from plasma physics to material science. The Applied Physics section also contained JoVE's 2000th video article, filmed in a synchrotron radiation facility, where Borisenko et al. showed how to determine the electronic structure of complex materials using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.
In the JoVE General section, we published an article by Artioli et al. demonstrating the use of a portable gas analyzer to measure oxygen consumption during complex exercise - such as judo. By analyzing oxygen consumption and collecting blood for measuring plasma lactate concentration, this method can determine the relative contributions of different energy systems to specific aspects of complex exercise.
Finally, JoVE followed Dolhi et al. to a permanently ice-covered saline lake in Antarctica. There, scientists drilled through the ice to study single-celled microorganisms called protists that live in the harsh conditions of Antarctica.
This Year in Review was just a brief glimpse of a few of over 600 video articles that JoVE offered in 2012. Browse the JoVE archives to see thousands of other videos, and stay tuned for what's coming up this year in JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

2012年：年度回顾

 
 
Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE ...