该协议遵循当地人力伦理委员会在苏黎世（苏黎世KEK）的指导方针。 1.硬件安装（图1） <ol><li>使用的地板系杆2 10-m的集合，并将它们彼此平行（与疾病进展的线），以创建一个走廊具有大约1μm的间设定的距离。 注意：此距离可以增加高达8微米。每栏有1米的长度，并且由96光二极管。 </li><li>使透光性（T）和光接收（R）为单位的条形的安装之间的区别通过将透光的右侧（T）的单位和光接收（R） - 单元上的左侧相对于行走方向。 注：第一个米栏（T和R）有银鼓。设置在剩下的9米T和R的酒吧都是平等的，可互换。 </li><li>接一排的各个酒吧与帽（无线）。使用2鲍威- [R用品：一个用于每个组条（T和R）。 </li><li>连接第一R棒的笔记本电脑与USB电缆。 </li><li>摄像头位置，旁边是供离线验证第一条（ 例如 ，从英尺），并用USB连接线连接到笔记本电脑。 </li><li>把一个标记2米之前和曲目的开始和结束之后。 </li><li>切换使用第一R和T杆的通断开关的光电器件上。 </li><li>检查位于所有的R条控制LED灯为绿色。 注：如果是这样，则系统正确定位和测试可以开始;然而，如果一个控制LED或更多是红色系统没有正确地定位和/或连接。通过检查，他们完全卡入位置，然后关闭系统并重新控制全部大写。 </li></ol><img alt="图1" src="/files/ftp_upload/51878/51878fig1.jpg" /> 图1.辐透oelectric系统由光透射（T）和光接收（R），它们平行放置彼此具有大约1米距离的单位。照相机被安装在靠近该开始区用于控制目的。笔记本电脑与USB电缆连接到第一R棒和相机连接。 <a href="https://www.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/51878/51878fig1highres.jpg" target="_blank">请点击这里查看该图的放大版本。</a> 2.软件安装和测试的准备<ol><li>装载软件操作从www.optogait.com/Support/Downloads光电系统。注意：该协议是通过使用1.8.1版进行说明。 </li><li>如果软件是用于第一时间为步态分析创建新的测试如下（否则继续执行步骤2.3）： <ol><li>选择测试 ，然后单击定义/修改测试。现在点击步态测试 ，然后选择复制测试。点击确认 ，在弹出窗口中，使测试是重复的。 </li><li>双击复制测试，修改名称（ 例如 ，步态测试10条），并选择10酒吧的数量。用于步态测试，在图2中的标准参数。最后，选择保存 ，保存所有修改。 </li></ol></li><li>添加新的患者到数据库中。 患者选择，点击插入/修改病人 ，然后单击 New 病人输入数据。然后保存该数据。 </li></ol><img alt="图2" src="/files/ftp_upload/51878/51878fig2.jpg" /> 图2为在本协议中的描述，用10巴的步态测试标准设置，这些设置有当光电系统用于在第一时间被定义。在这个协议中的起始脚没有被定义。在系统启动时，病人进入录音区测量和停止患者离开测量单位测量时， <a href="https://www.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/51878/51878fig2highres.jpg" target="_blank">请点击这里查看该图的放大版本。</a> 3.测试程序<ol><li>总是给相同的说明病人13。 <ol><li>指导病人行走沿着10米的走道在两个不同的速度平底鞋：正常（“走路的步伐也就是适合你”），并比正常快（“走路的速度比快你通常会走“）。 </li><li>让患者在行走试验正前方看。 </li><li>要求患者发起与同一只脚的第一步骤，以更好地规范的测试条件。 </li><li>让患者开始走2米第一个光电酒吧前，结束每个TR为了保持恒定的步态速度13的最后一个条之后IAL2μm以下。 </li></ol></li><li>展示一项试验，在正常速度的病人。 </li><li>要求患者执行3熟悉试验之后是一个实验的试验在每个速度。总是完整的正常速度试验的第一。 </li><li>为了准备与软件，点击测试 ，然后执行开始与创建的测试测量。 <ol><li>通过点击选择 ，选择患者，然后点击确认选择的病人。 </li><li>通过点击选择 ，并选择测试如步态测试10条选择测试。检查仅此试验被选择用于测量。 </li><li>将相机，以便它可以记录整个步行路程。同时检查你的笔记本电脑屏幕上的直播画面改变摄像头的位置。 </li><li>最后，点击执行再次。 注：现在的软件准备好来衡量。只要病人进入酒吧，在系统启动以测量和显示要求的起始脚的弹出窗口。 </li></ol></li><li>单击相应的脚，使步态参数将被正确计算。 注：相机会自动记录，一旦测试开始。 </li><li>保存测试。 </li></ol> 4.数据分析<ol><li>点击结果中显示已完成的临床试验。然后点击旁边的箭头，感兴趣的测试，测试从测试列表传送到测试分析部分。现在点击查看以显示选定的测试。请参考本研究中进行的所有测试结果部分。 注：所有测试数据出现一个窗口（ 图3）。在窗口的左边有用于激活各种功能的一些命令的按钮。窗口的其他部分呈现4一节就目前的测试信息PES。可以显示/使用配置命令隐藏各组信息。从顶部至底部的项目如下：视频，图表显示结果，表的数值数据，和光电酒吧。 </li><li>点击步态数据来显示一个步态报告（ 图3）。 </li><li>点击打印 （该报告将出现一个窗口），打印出的报告。 注：该报告可以被打印，因为它是或可以被修改。对于不同的时空参数，下面的结果显示在报告中：平均值的左侧和右侧的±标准偏差（SD），左侧之间的变化（CV）的表达步态变异性14,15，和百分比差值的系数和右侧（不对称）。 <ol><li>如果需要，修改报告如下：上述（步骤4.3）中的说明打开报表。点击该按钮显示或隐藏左侧的SIDE中的画面，以适应该报告所提出的数据和图表。 </li><li>要更改标识和/或对报告的页脚，请单击相应的按钮（ 更改标识或更改页脚 ）来修改这些参数。 </li></ol></li><li>为了比较在不同的场合进行两个或两个以上的测试， 例如 ，前和干预后，点击旁边的箭头，测试选择的结果部分不同的测试，然后在比较按钮。 注：在不同的测试的所有参数的直接对比的报告显示。 </li></ol><img alt="图3" src="/files/ftp_upload/51878/51878fig3.jpg" /> 图3的屏幕截图所有的测试数据。该命令按钮显示在窗口的左边（ 例如 ，通过点击打印生成一个报告，它可以最终修改）。另该窗口的一部分呈现关于当前测试的以下信息，从上到下：视频，图表显示结果，表的数值数据，以及光电酒吧。这些细节可以显示/使用右侧的配置按钮隐藏。该数据的实际视图可以通过点击步态数据或报告步态改变，分别<a href="https://www.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/51878/51878fig3highres.jpg" target="_blank">请点击这里查看该图的放大版本。</a>

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作者什么都没有透露。

这里介绍的协议可以被用于评估与最近推出的光电系统的病人的空间和时间的步态参数（骨科，神经，心肺等）和健康的老年人。的总长度和宽度的系统，可根据可用的空间和预算进行调制。 （在欧洲）的估计费用为每米大约2800美元的10米长的系统，最小推荐长度为3计地板为基础的步态分析。光电系统的一个新的特点也被最近推出的，它由在闭合的走廊与位于垂直于T和R棒，从而产生一种网格允...

步行是日常生活中最重要的体育活动之一，是生活质量的老人和病人群体谁可与步态恶化目前的主要决定因素。步态功能的临床评价，因此重要的是要揭示引起的老化和/或神经/整形外科病理改变的潜力，同时也证明治疗的功能性利益。不同的仪器已经开发了用于的步态参数， 例如力板，基于视频的三维运动分析，体搭载的加速度计10,11的定量评价，以及仪表走道垫或跑步机12。然而，这些系统主要用于研究工作，而不是用于临床目的，因为它们是操作复杂，具有低的可访问性，和脆弱的传感器。 一种地板基光电系统最近已经推出，这是能够提供一个有效的CALculation的时空特征和行走步数的一维空间坐标。该测量仪具有若干优点相比，预先存在的系统：它是易于处理，数据收集速度非常快，这是简单的创建详细的报告，它是一个模块化的系统，这意味着该系统的长度是可以改变的。因此，可以有把握地用于测量组内变化，纵向评估和在横截面的比较组间差异。所描述的协议的目标是把重点放在设备及其安装，并客观，直接地描述了评估程序，评估在老年人和病人群体的时空步态参数。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="846">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:325px;">Name of Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td style="width:233px;">Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:325px;">-Optogait system (10 meters)</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Microgate, Bolzano, Italy</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td><a href="http://www.optogait.com/">www.optogait.com</a></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:325px;">-Optogait software</td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>www.optogait.com/Support/Downloads</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:325px;">-Laptop</td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:325px;"></td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:325px;">The Optogait system contains the following equipment:</td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:325px;">-10 light-transmitting (T) bars (1 as a first meter)</td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:325px;">-10 light-receiving (R) bars (1 as a first meter)</td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:325px;">-18 caps to connect the bars within a set (9 for T and 9 for R bars) and 2 special caps for the last T and R bar</td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:325px;">-1 camera with its tripod</td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:22px;width:325px;">-1 cable for connecting the Optogait to the laptop</td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:325px;">-1 cable for connecting the camera to the laptop</td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:325px;">-2 power supplies (one for each set of bars)</td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

clinical assessment of spatiotemporal gait parameters in patients and older adults

人行走的空间和时间特征经常评估，以确定可能的步态障碍，主要表现在骨科和神经患者1-4，而且在健康的老年人5,6。在这个协议中所描述的定量步态分析是用一个最近推出的光电系统进行的（见材料表），它有潜力在临床中使用，因为它是可移植的，易于设置（无主题制备一测试之前需要），并且不需要维护和传感器校准。光电系统由一系列高密度地板基光电细胞与光发射和光接收二极管放置相互平行的，以建立一个走廊，并且被定向垂直于级数7的线。该系统简单地检测到中断中的光信号，例如，由于脚的记录区域内的存在。颞步态参数和的连续步骤1D空间坐标随后被计算出，以提供公共的步态参数，如步长，单肢支撑和步行速度如图8所示 ，其有效对抗一个标准仪器最近证明7,9。测量过程是非常简单的;单个患者可以在不到5分钟，进行测试和全面的报告可以在不到1分钟内生成的。

最近的一项研究证明了光电系统的有效性针对一个标准仪器（经过验证的电子走道），用于在整形外科患者和健康老年对照7时空步态参数的评估。由两个系统分别检测在步态变量的相同的组间差异。虽然同时效度非常好，与组内相关系数0.933和0.999（P &lt;0.001）之间不等，有系统偏差（P &lt;0.001）的两个测量仪器之间观察到。站立时间和周期时间是显著延长而摆动的时间和步长是短的光电?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults at JoVE.com

Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults

This protocol is used to evaluate spatial and temporal gait variables of neurological/orthopedic patients and older persons by means of a recently-introduced floor-based photocell system.

时空步态参数的患者和老年人的临床评估

Spatial and temporal characteristics of human walking are frequently evaluated to identify possible gait impairments, mainly in orthopedic and ...

clinical-assessment-spatiotemporal-gait-parameters-patients-older

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

13.7K 次观看.  Schulthess Clinic. This protocol is used to evaluate spatial and temporal gait variables of neurological/orthopedic patients and older persons by means of a recently-introduced floor-based photocell system.

视频: Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults

Collecting Saliva and Measuring Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase in Frail Community Residing Older Adults via Family Caregivers

Salivary measures have emerged in bio-behavioral research that are easy-to-collect, minimally invasive, and relatively inexpensive biologic markers of stress. This article we present the steps for collection and analysis of two salivary assays in research with frail, community residing older adults-salivary cortisol and salivary alpha amylase. The field of salivary bioscience is rapidly advancing and the purpose of this presentation is to provide an update on the developments for investigators interested in integrating these measures into research on aging. Strategies are presented for instructing family caregivers in collecting saliva in the home, and for conducting laboratory analyses of salivary analytes that have demonstrated feasibility, high compliance, and yield quality specimens. The protocol for sample collection includes: (1) consistent use of collection materials; (2) standardized methods that promote adherence and minimize subject burden; and (3) procedures for controlling certain confounding agents. We also provide strategies for laboratory analyses include: (1) saliva handling and processing; (2) salivary cortisol and salivary alpha amylase assay procedures; and (3) analytic considerations.

We demonstrate: (1) procedures for collection of salivary samples in cognitive impaired older adults by family caregivers in the home setting, (2) procedures for measuring stress activity via salivary cortisol and alpha amylase, and (3) representative profiles. Protocols that allow researchers to study stress-linked processes advance our understanding of biological sensitivity and susceptibility.

Salivary measures have emerged in bio-behavioral research  that are easy-to-collect, minimally invasive, and relatively inexpensive  biologic markers of ...

科研

医学

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to the general population, and this is only partially explained by traditional CVD risk factors. Vascular dysfunction is an important non-traditional risk factor, characterized by vascular endothelial dysfunction (most commonly assessed as impaired endothelium-dependent dilation [EDD]) and stiffening of the large elastic arteries. While various techniques exist to assess EDD and large elastic artery stiffness, the most commonly used are brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMDBA) and aortic pulse-wave velocity (aPWV), respectively. Both of these noninvasive measures of vascular dysfunction are independent predictors of future cardiovascular events in patients with and without kidney disease. Patients with CKD demonstrate both impaired FMDBA, and increased aPWV. While the exact mechanisms by which vascular dysfunction develops in CKD are incompletely understood, increased oxidative stress and a subsequent reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability are important contributors. Cellular changes in oxidative stress can be assessed by collecting vascular endothelial cells from the antecubital vein and measuring protein expression of markers of oxidative stress using immunofluorescence. We provide here a discussion of these methods to measure FMDBA, aPWV, and vascular endothelial cell protein expression.

The degree of vascular dysfunction and contributing physiological mechanisms can be assessed in patients with chronic kidney disease by measuring brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, aortic pulse-wave velocity, and vascular endothelial cell protein expression.

血管功能在慢性肾脏疾病的评估

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to the general population, and this ...

A Detailed Protocol for Physiological Parameters Acquisition and Analysis in Neurosurgical Critical Patients

Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is now widely used in neurosurgical critical patients. Besides mean ICP value, the ICP derived parameters such as ICP waveform, amplitude of pulse (AMP), the correlation of ICP amplitude and ICP mean (RAP), pressure reactivity index (PRx), ICP and arterial blood pressure (ABP) wave amplitude correlation (IAAC), and so on, can reflect intracranial status, predict prognosis, and can also be used as guidance of proper treatment. However, most of the clinicians focus only on the mean ICP value while ignoring these parameters because of the limitations of the current devices. We have recently developed a multimodality monitoring system to address these drawbacks. This portable, user-friendly system will use a data collecting and storing device to continuously acquire patients&#39; physiological parameters first, i.e., ABP, ICP, and oxygen saturation, and then analyze these physiological parameters. We hope that the multimodality monitoring system will be accepted as a key measure to monitor physiological parameters, to analyze the current clinical status, and to predict the prognosis of the neurosurgical critical patients.

Recently, we have developed a portable multimodality monitoring system for the monitoring of various physiological parameters in neurosurgical critical patients. Detailed protocols on how to use this multimodality monitoring system are presented here.

神经外科危重患者生理参数采集与分析的详细方案

Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is now widely used in neurosurgical critical patients. Besides mean ICP value, the ICP derived parameters such as ...

Severe Burn Injury in a Swine Model for Clinical Dressing Assessment

Wound healing is a dynamic repair process and is the most complex biological process in human life. In response to burn injury, alterations in biological pathways impair the inflammation response, resulting in delayed wound healing. Impaired wound healing frequently occurs in patients with diabetes leading to unfavorable outcomes such as amputation. Hence, dressings having beneficial effect in promoting burn wound repair are needed. However, studies on burn wound treatment are limited due to lack of proper animal models. Our previous study demonstrated wound-healing performance in rat and swine models using a minimally invasive surgical technique. This study aimed to demonstrate a swine model of severe burn injury that eliminates wound contraction and more closely approximates the human processes of re-epithelialization and new tissue formation. This protocol provides a detailed procedure for creating consistent burn wounds and examining the wound-healing performance under the treatment of an experimental dressing in a swine model. Six burn wounds were created symmetrically on the dorsum, which were covered with a clinical dressing composed of four layers: an inner contact layer of experimental materials, an inner intermediate layer of waterproof film, an outer intermediate layer of gauze, and an outer layer of adhesive plaster. Upon the completion of experiments, wound closure, wound area, and Vancouver Scar Scale score were examined. The samples of skin resected from each animal post-sacrifice were histologically prepared and stained using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Antibacterial activity of each dressing in the context of wound healing was also examined. The application of the clinical dressing to the wounds in swine model mimics the biological processes of human wound healing with respect to the processes of epithelialization, cellular proliferation, and angiogenesis. Therefore, this swine model provides an easy-to-learn, cost-effective, and robust method to assess the effect of clinical dressings in severe burn injury.

To closely mimic the mode of burn injuries requires the interplay between clinical observation and studies in animal models. In this study, a swine model of severe burn injury was established to assess an experimental dressing in physiological and pathophysiological settings.

猪临床敷料评价模型中的严重烧伤

Wound healing is a dynamic repair process and is the most complex biological process in human life. In response to burn injury, alterations in biological ...

Measurements of Motor Function and Other Clinical Outcome Parameters in Ambulant Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

While the number of new treatment options tested in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is increasing, there is still no defining of the most reliable assessments regarding therapeutic efficacy. We present clinical and radiological outcome measures used in ambulatory patients participating in our trial &#34;Treatment with L-citrulline and metformin in Duchenne muscular dystrophy&#34;. The motor function measure is a validated test in patients with neuromuscular disorders that consists of 32 items and assesses all three dimensions of motor performance including standing and transfer (D1 subscore), axial and proximal motor function (D2 subscore), and distal motor function (D3 subscore). The test shows high intra- and inter-rater variability but only when strictly following guidelines of the materials, examination steps, and calculation of scores. The 6-minute walk test, timed 10-meter walk/run test, and supine-up time are commonly used timed functional tests that also sufficiently monitor changes in muscle function; however, they strongly depend on patient collaboration. Quantitative MRI is an objective and sensitive biomarker to detect subclinical changes, though the examination costs may be a reason for its limited use. In this study, a high correlation between all clinical assessments and quantitative MRI scans was found. The combinational use of these methods provides a better understanding about disease progression; however, longitudinal studies are needed to validate their reliability.

The aim of this study is to present the most reliable clinical outcome measures and their correlations with quantitative muscle MRI in ambulant patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

治疗杜氏肌营养不良患儿运动功能及其他临床结果参数的测量

While the number of new treatment options tested in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is increasing, there is still no defining of the most ...

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults

The gold standard for sleep monitoring is attended in-lab polysomnography; however, this method may be cost-prohibitive and inconvenient for patients and research participants. Home sleep testing has gained momentum in the field of sleep medicine due to its convenience and lower cost, as well as being more naturalistic. The accuracy and quality of home sleep testing, however, may be variable because studies are not monitored by sleep technologists. There has been some success in improving the accuracy of home sleep studies by having trained sleep technicians assist participants inside their homes with putting on the devices, but this can be intrusive and time-consuming for those involved. In this protocol, participants undergo at-home sleep monitoring with multiple devices: 1) a single-channel EEG device; 2) a home sleep test for sleep-disordered breathing and periodic limb movements; 3) actigraphy; and 4) sleep logs. A major challenge of this study is obtaining high-quality sleep monitoring data on the first attempt in order to minimize participant burden. This protocol describes the implementation of educational manuals with step-by-step instructions and photos. The goal is to improve the quality of home sleep testing.

Here, we present a protocol to improve the quality of data from home sleep testing by providing a method to enhance instructions through a structured participant visit. This protocol includes the implementation of a step-by-step educational manual with photos to ensure proper placement of equipment.

老年人多式家庭睡眠监测

The gold standard for sleep monitoring is attended in-lab polysomnography; however, this method may be cost-prohibitive and inconvenient for patients and ...

Evaluation of Patients' Posture and Gait Profile After Lumbar Fusion Surgery by Video Rasterstereography and Treadmill Gait Analysis

This protocol provides guidance on how to perform high resolution video rasterstereography and treadmill gait analysis on patients after lumbar fusion surgery to obtain results about altered variables of gait and posture. These observed changes can then be correlated with the patient-reported outcome measure of pain relief. The rasterstereographic device projects lines of parallel light onto the surface of the tested subject&#39;s back. The deformation of these lines is recognized by the device. From these data, a special software then generates a 3-D profile based on the principle of triangulation. With an inaccuracy of only 0.2 mm it can measure changes in posture at very high precision. Gait and stance parameters are recorded using a treadmill equipped with an electric sensor mat that contains 10,200 miniature force sensors in the registering zone under the belt. Initial walking speed on the treadmill is 0.5 km/h. Speed is then gradually increased by increments of 0.1 km/h until each subject reaches his or her individual maximum well tolerable walking speed. At this speed, parameters are recorded during a 20 s measurement interval. Subjects are tested barefoot and without holding a handrail. Among various other parameters, stride width, step length, stance phase and foot rotation are measured. Both methods used reportedly have a high intra- and inter-observer reliability. The advantage of these highly accurate techniques is that they offer an objective and very detailed perspective on changes in the patient&#39;s posture and gait. Due to the amount of data generated, these techniques are, however, not so much suitable for everyday routine use, but rather interesting to scientifically evaluate long term alterations in posture and gait in patients like for example after lumbar fusion surgery.

Evaluation of Patients&#039; Posture and Gait Profile After Lumbar Fusion Surgery by Video Rasterstereography and Treadmill Gait Analysis

Here, we present a protocol to analyze the posture and the gait of patients after lumbar fusion surgery by means of high-resolution video rasterstereography and a treadmill equipped with an integrated sensor mat. Allowing critical functional postoperative evaluation on a less subjective level may enhance accuracy and reliability of indication for surgery.

视频栅格立体成像和跑步机步态分析对腰椎融合手术后患者体型和步态剖面的评价

This protocol provides guidance on how to perform high resolution video rasterstereography and treadmill gait analysis on patients after lumbar fusion ...

Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment for the Right Ventricular System and Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Mice

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic and severe cardiopulmonary disorder. Mice are a popular animal model used to mimic this disease. However, the evaluation of right ventricular pressure (RVP) and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) remains technically challenging in mice. RVP and PAP are more difficult to measure than left ventricular pressure because of the anatomical differences between the left and right heart systems. In this paper, we describe a stable right heart hemodynamic measurement method and its validation using healthy and PAH mice. This method is based on open-chest surgery and mechanical ventilation support. It is a complicated procedure compared to closed chest procedures. While a well-trained surgeon is required for this surgery, the advantage of this procedure is that it can generate both RVP and PAP parameters at the same time, so it is a preferable procedure for the evaluation of PAH models.

Here, we present a protocol to perform an invasive hemodynamic assessment of the right ventricle and pulmonary artery in mice using an open-chest surgery approach.

小鼠右心室系统及缺氧诱发肺动脉高血压的侵入性血液动力学评估

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic and severe cardiopulmonary disorder. Mice are a popular animal model used to mimic this disease. ...

A Training Program Using an Agility Ladder for Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Aging impairs physical and cognitive functions and limits daily activities. Agility training can improve or maintain physical functioning in older people. The purpose of this study is to report the physical fitness benefits of a training program for independent community-dwelling older adults using an agility ladder. Each training session lasted approximately 30 minutes, and the benefits were achieved with two sessions per week for 14 weeks. Training was timed and involved four different drills and varying levels of difficulty through time. The exercises were performed at the School of Physical Education of the University of Campinas, S&#227;o Paulo state, Brazil. The study participants (n = 16; mean age of 66.9 &#177; 5.0 years) were instructed to perform the exercises as quickly as possible without making mistakes and were assisted by a physical trainer when they made mistakes. Assessments were performed both before and after training using five functional tests (i.e., Illinois agility, five times sit-to-stand, timed up-and-go, walking usual speed, and one-leg stand). Although the study sample was not compared with a control group, the results indicate that training protocols using an agility ladder are easy and practical and improve physical function performance in older adults.

The aim of this study is to present an agility training program for older people. The feasibility of this program is described, and the training protocol demonstrated by video imaging.

一个用于社区居住老年人敏捷阶梯的培训计划

Aging impairs physical and cognitive functions and limits daily activities. Agility training can improve or maintain physical functioning in older people. ...

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Oral health is an often-undervalued contributor to overall health. The literature, however, underscores the myriad of systemic diseases influenced by oral health, including type II diabetes, heart disease, and atherosclerosis. Thus, assessments of oral health, called oral screenings, have a significant role in assessing risk of disease, managing disease, and even improving disease by oral care. Here we present a method to assess oral health quickly and consistently across time. The protocol is simple enough for non-oral health professionals such as students, family, and caregivers. Useful for any age of patient, the method is particularly key for older individuals who are often at risk of inflammation and chronic disease. Components of the method include existing oral health assessment scales and inventories, which are combined to produce a comprehensive assessment of oral health. Thus, oral characteristics assessed include intraoral and extraoral structures, soft and hard tissues, natural and artificial teeth, plaque, oral functions such as swallowing, and the impact this oral health status has on the patient&#39;s quality of life. Advantages of this method include its inclusion of measures and perceptions of both the observer and patient, and its ability to track changes in oral health over time. Results acquired are quantitative totals of questionnaire and oral screening items, which can be summed for an oral health status score. The scores of successive oral screenings can be used to track the progression of oral health across time and guide recommendations for both oral and overall health care.

The goal of this protocol is to enable non-dental professionals to assess oral health status for research or health-screening purposes. Aspects assessed include lips, tongue, soft and hard tissues, natural and artificial teeth, oral cleanliness, plaque, swallowing, and impact of oral health on quality of life.

老年人外行人员口腔健康评估

Oral health is an often-undervalued contributor to overall health. The literature, however, underscores the myriad of systemic diseases influenced by oral ...