This work was supported by the PRESTO "Design and Control of Cellular Functions" research area of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research of Innovative Areas "Molecular Robotics" (Project No. 24104002) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan, Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A) (Project No. 24680033) and Scientific Research (B) (Project No. 26280097) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), and the Creative Design for Bioscience and Biotechnology course of the School of Bioscience and Biotechnology at Tokyo Tech.

1.基于毛细管的微流控芯片的制备<ol><li> 将持有最多 注意:保持器设计示于图2A。 <ol><li>切出的每个人的四个盘（图2A（ⅰ） - （ⅳ）），从使用铣床2毫米厚的聚缩醛塑料板。使用下面的尺寸为每个保持器的四个圆盘的:（ⅰ）盘1直径8.5毫米，毛细管孔（CH）直径1.3毫米，螺丝孔（SH）直径1.8毫米; （ⅱ）盘2直径8.7毫米，CH直径为2.0毫米，SH直径1.8毫米; （三）盘3直径8.7毫米，CH直径为0.5毫米，SH直径1.8毫米;和（iv）的光盘4的直径9.1毫米，CH 1.0mm直径，SH直径1.8毫米。 </li><li>组装使用M2×40螺钉（图2B）的持有者。保持器（图2B）的底部部分由盘1和盘2在图2A（i）中，（ii）和一个上部（ 图支架的URE 2B）由盘3和图 2A中的盘4（ⅲ），（ⅳ）。 <ol><li>构造支架的底部，插入螺丝在三个SH每个盘1和2通过夹持下一块的螺纹部的缩短的螺钉。保持螺杆的长度为0.9厘米（长度相同的夹持器的底部部分）。 </li><li>构造支架的上部，插入螺钉插入两SH每个盘3和4通过夹持下一块的螺纹部的缩短的螺钉。保持螺杆的长度为0.7厘米（长度相同的夹持器的上半部分）。 </li><li>为了组装支架，加入使用长螺钉夹持器的底部和上部。 注意:使保持器确切的每个部分的长度:底部为0.9厘米;上部为0.7厘米（ 图2B）。 </li></ol></li></ol></li><li> 玻璃毛细管的制作 <ol><li>使用两种类型的玻璃毛细管的:一个内部玻璃毛细管（外径（OD）/内径（ID）:1.0 / 0.6 MM），和一个外玻璃毛细管（外径/内径:2.0 /1.12毫米）。 </li><li>使用玻璃切割器的外玻璃毛细管分成三个相等的部分，然后用玻璃刀到内玻璃毛细管分成两个相等的部分。 </li><li>锐化用玻璃毛细管拉出器（图3A）的每个分割内层和外层玻璃毛细管。设置在最大的车夫的重量。在用于外玻璃毛细管60度和70度的内毛细管设置拉出器的热水平。精心磨砺的玻璃毛细管。 <ol><li>保持玻璃毛细管的收缩部中的尖端的长度:内毛细管是1.5-1.8厘米;外毛细管是0.8-1.0厘米（图3C）。如果此长度比所描述的长度更短或更长，请调整拉出器的热水平。 </li></ol></li><li> F九，内部或外部的玻璃毛细管的microforge站使用磁带（图3B）。 </li><li>切断用microforge在三个步骤 （图3B）的玻璃毛细管的尖端:（ⅰ）触摸玻璃毛细管的尖端上的铂丝的玻璃珠，（ii）由踩踏脚踏加热铂线切换为1-2秒，和（iii）1-2秒后，切断该玻璃毛细管的尖端通过冷却铂丝。 <ol><li>调整内（D I）和外部（D 2 O）毛细小孔的直径分别。内层玻璃毛细管的小孔直径为5，10和20微米（D I = 5,10，20微米）和所述外层玻璃毛细管（D 2 O）是在该实验中为60μm（D 2 O = 60微米）。 注意:玻璃毛细管是一次性的。重复玻璃capillar的制造IES。 </li></ol></li></ol></li></ol> 2.程序生成W / O型微滴<ol><li>填用含有油的表面活性剂的外玻璃毛细管。的油和表面活性剂的混合物是含有十六烷2％（W / W）在该实验中（图4A）脱水山梨醇单油酸酯。 注意:有油和表面活性剂的许多组合（例如，油可以是氟化的或碳酸;表面活性剂可以是离子的，非离子的，或含氟化合物）。 <ol><li>引入10ul含有十六烷山梨糖醇单油酸酯为外玻璃毛细管。 在图4A中，外层玻璃毛细管（D 2 O）的孔直径为60微米（D 2 O = 60微米）。要调整玻璃毛细管的孔口，回到步骤1.2.4-1.2.5。 </li></ol></li><li>在保持器（图4B）的底部设置的外毛细管。 </li><li> DRA瓦特大约0.1微升的水溶液成内玻璃毛细管（图4C）通过毛细作用。在图4C中，内层玻璃毛细管（D I）的孔直径为10微米（D I = 10微米）。要调整玻璃毛细管的孔口，回到步骤1.2.4-1.2.5。 </li><li>在保持器（图4D-a）中的上部设置的内毛细管中。插入的内毛细管导入外毛细管（ 图4D-a）中。望着白点圈，如图4D-一个 ，观察内部毛细管的外表毛细管内的位置（外毛细管（w）的 = 130微米的内径）（图4D-B，C）使用数字显微镜。在外部的毛细管的内毛细管的位置必须设置为 w = 100-150微米。 注意:要改变内的位置毛细管中的外毛细管，请转动螺丝在保持器的上部。从而， 距离 w可以精确地控制。 </li><li>引入100μl包含十六烷山梨醇单油酸酯（2％W / W）的至1.5 ml的样品微管的底部。安装保持器，具有内，外毛细管，在样品微管（图4E-a）中。一定要检查外毛细管从空气-油界面（ 图4E-B）保持了。 </li><li>离心机用台式摆动出型微型离心机在1600 XG的比重为1-2秒，产生微滴（ 图4F）样品微管。开展在室温下所有的实验。 注意:使用摆动出式离心机。液滴可以与样品微管的侧壁碰撞而当使用一个固定角型离心机崩解。 </li><li>慢慢地绘制出W / O液滴吸管，然后，把它们放在一个玻璃小号立德。 </li><li>使用数字显微镜（倍率，200X）中产生的微滴的捕获图像。 </li></ol>

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No conflicts of interest are declared.

使用该装置中，单分散的W / O微滴被喷射流17的高原-Rayleigh不稳定性产生的。显微镜检查没有发现卫星液滴的存在。在器件的制造中，三个关键步骤是必不可少的，成功地产生单分散的W / O微滴。首先，供给含有油表面活性剂和水溶液的直进流，四个盘毛细管孔必须设置在同心图案。第二，内毛细血管小心地插入到外毛细管，因为如果它接触到上部支架毛细管的尖端破裂容易。这个操作是?...

W / O微滴1-5对生物化学和生物工程的研究中许多重要的应用，包括蛋白质合成6，蛋白质结晶7，乳液PCR 8,9，电池封装10和人造细胞样系统5,6的建设。以产生用于这些应用W / O型的微滴，重要的标准是大小和W / O微滴的单分散性的控制。用于制造微流体装置的单分散，大小可控的W / O微滴11是基于共同流动方法12,13，流动聚焦方法14,15，而在微通道丁字路口方法16。虽然这些方法产生高度单分散的W / O微滴，该微制造过程需要微通道的制备复杂处理和专门的技术，并且还需要大量的样品溶液（至少几百81，因为在注射器泵和管即进行试样溶液的微通道的必然死体积的1）。因此，W被需要/ O微滴易于使用和低死体积的方法来产生单分散的。 本文用的实验程序的视频沿，描述了一种离心基于毛细管的轴对称共同流入微流体用于产生细胞大小的设备17中，单分散的W / O微滴（ 图1）。这个简单的方法实现大小单分散性和可控性的大小。它仅需要一个台式微型离心机并固定在一个采样微型管基于毛细管轴对称共同流入微流体装置。我们的方法只需要非常小的体积（0.1微升），和不浪费的样品的任何显著体积。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="747">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">2-mm-thick polyacetal plastic plate</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Nikkyo Technos, Co., Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">244-6432-08</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Milling machine</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Roland DG Co., Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td>MDX-40A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">End Mill RSE230-0.5*2.5</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NS Tool Co., Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td>01-00644-00501</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;">M2*40 screws</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Jujo Synthetic Chemistry Labo. (Japan)</td>
			<td>0001-024</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Glass Capillry Puller</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Narishige (Japan)</td>
			<td>PC-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Microforge</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Narishige (Japan)</td>
			<td>MF-900</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Inner Glass Capillary</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Narishige (Japan)</td>
			<td>G-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Outer Glass Capillary</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">World Precision Instruments Inc. (USA)</td>
			<td>1B200-6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">1.5 ml Sample tube</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">INA OPTIKA CO.,LTD (Japan)</td>
			<td>ST-0150F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Hexadecane</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td>080-03685&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Sorbitan monooleate (Span 80)</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td>S0060</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Milli Q system</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Merck Millipore Corporation (Germany)</td>
			<td>ZRQSVP030</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Swinging-out-type Mini-centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Hitech Co., Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td>ATT101</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Digital Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">KEYENCE Corporation (Japan)</td>
			<td>VHX-2001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

capillary-based centrifugal microfluidic device for size-controllable formation of monodisperse microdroplets

在这里，我们证明了快速生产尺寸可控，单分散，W / O型使用基于毛细管离心微流体装置的微滴的一个简单方法。的W / O微滴最近已在，使小型化的化学实验有力方法中。因此，W是需要/ O微滴开发一种通用的方法来产生单分散的。我们已经开发了用于生成单分散W¯¯基于基于毛细管离心轴对称共同流入微流体设备/ O微滴的方法。我们成功地通过调整毛细管孔口控制微滴的大小。我们的方法需要的设备比用其它微流体技术更容易使用的，只需要对封装样品溶液小体积（0.1-1微升），并能生产数十万的每秒的W / O微滴的。我们预计这种方法将有助于生物学研究需要的宝贵的生物小号通过保护该样品进行快速定量分析生化和生物学研究的体积amples。

在这项研究中，我们通过使用基于毛细管离心微流体装置（图1）呈现为细胞大小的W / O微滴的产生的简单方法。微流体装置是由一个毛细管保持器（图2B）的，两个玻璃毛细管（ 如图 3C内和外玻璃 ​​毛细管），和含有含表面活性剂的油微管。我们注射0.1微升样品溶液到内玻璃毛细管，并置于所述内玻璃毛细管到外玻璃 ​​毛细管<s...

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Capillary-based Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Size-controllable Formation of Monodisperse Microdroplets

Here, we demonstrate a simple production method for size-controllable, monodisperse, water-in-oil (W/O) microdroplets using a capillary-based centrifugal microfluidic device. This method requires only a small sample volume and enables high-yield production. We expect this method will be useful for rapid biochemical and cellular analyses.

基于毛细管的离心微流体装置单分散微滴的大小可控的形成

Here, we demonstrate a simple method for the rapid production of size-controllable, monodisperse, W/O microdroplets using a capillary-based centrifugal ...

capillary-based-centrifugal-microfluidic-device-for-size-controllable

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

10.2K 次观看.  Tokyo Institute of Technology. Here, we demonstrate a simple production method for size-controllable, monodisperse, water-in-oil (W/O) microdroplets using a capillary-based centrifugal microfluidic device. This method requires only a small sample volume and enables high-yield production. We expect this method will be useful for rapid biochemical and cellular analyses.

视频: Capillary-based Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Size-controllable Formation of Monodisperse Microdroplets

Indirect Fabrication of Lattice Metals with Thin Sections Using Centrifugal Casting

One of the typical methods to manufacture 3D lattice metals is the direct-metal additive manufacturing (AM) process such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM). In spite of its potential processing capability, the direct AM method has several disadvantages such as high cost, poor surface finish of final products, limitation in material selection, high thermal stress, and anisotropic properties of parts. We propose a cost-effective method to manufacture 3D lattice metals. The objective of this study is to provide a detailed protocol on fabrication of 3D lattice metals having a complex shape and a thin wall thickness; e.g., octet truss made of Al and Cu alloys having a unit cell length of 5 mm and a cell wall thickness of 0.5 mm. An overall experimental procedure is divided into eight sections: (a) 3D printing of sacrificial patterns (b) melt-out of support materials (c) removal of residue of support materials (d) pattern assembly (e) investment (f) burn-out of sacrificial patterns (g) centrifugal casting (h) post-processing for final products. The suggested indirect AM technique provides the potential to manufacture ultra-lightweight lattice metals; e.g., lattice structures with Al alloys. It appears that the process parameters should be properly controlled depending on materials and lattice geometry, observing the final products of octet truss metals by the indirect AM technique.

An indirect additive manufacturing method combining a 3D printing of polymers with a centrifugal casting is outlined for manufacturing 3D octet truss metals (Al and Cu alloys) having a unit cell length of 5 mm with a wall thickness of 0.5 mm.

与超薄切片格金属制造间接使用离心铸造

One of the typical methods to manufacture 3D lattice metals is the direct-metal additive manufacturing (AM) process such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) ...

科研

工程学

Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices

Thermoplastic microfluidic devices offer many advantages over those made from silicone elastomers, but bonding procedures must be developed for each thermoplastic of interest. Solvent bonding is a simple and versatile method that can be used to fabricate devices from a variety of plastics. An appropriate solvent is added between two device layers to be bonded, and heat and pressure are applied to the device to facilitate the bonding. By using an appropriate combination of solvent, plastic, heat, and pressure, the device can be sealed with a high quality bond, characterized as having high bond coverage, bond strength, optical clarity, durability over time, and low deformation or damage to microfeature geometry. We describe the procedure for bonding devices made from two popular thermoplastics, poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA), and cyclo-olefin polymer (COP), as well as a variety of methods to characterize the quality of the resulting bonds, and strategies to troubleshoot low quality bonds. These methods can be used to develop new solvent bonding protocols for other plastic-solvent systems.

Solvent bonding is a simple and versatile method for fabricating thermoplastic microfluidic devices with high quality bonds. We describe a protocol to achieve strong, optically clear bonds in PMMA and COP microfluidic devices that preserve microfeature details, by a judicious combination of pressure, temperature, an appropriate solvent, and device geometry.

溶剂粘接的PMMA的制备和COP微流体装置

Thermoplastic microfluidic devices offer many advantages over those made from silicone elastomers, but bonding procedures must be developed for each ...

Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals

A spark plasma sintering apparatus was used as a novel method for diffusion bonding of two single crystals of strontium titanate to form bicrystals with one twist grain boundary. This apparatus utilizes high uniaxial pressure and a pulsed direct current for rapid consolidation of material. Diffusion bonding of strontium titanate bicrystals without fracture, in a spark plasma sintering apparatus, is possible at high pressures due to the unusual temperature dependent plasticity behavior of strontium titanate. We demonstrate a method for the successful formation of bicrystals at accelerated time scales and lower temperatures in a spark plasma sintering apparatus compared to bicrystals formed by conventional diffusion bonding parameters. Bond quality was verified by scanning electron microscopy. A clean and atomically abrupt interface containing no secondary phases was observed using transmission electron microscopy techniques. Local changes in bonding across the boundary was characterized by simultaneous scanning transmission electron microscopy and spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy.

A viable technique for the formation of strontium titanate bicrystals at high pressure and fast heating rate via the spark plasma sintering apparatus is developed.

放电等离子烧结设备中使用的钛酸锶双晶体的形成

A spark plasma sintering apparatus was used as a novel method for diffusion bonding of two single crystals of strontium titanate to form bicrystals with ...

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler (SLPS) Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses

The scanning light scattering profiler (SLSP) methodology has been developed for the full-angle quantitative evaluation of forward and backward light scattering from intraocular lenses (IOLs) using goniophotometer principles. This protocol describes the SLSP platform and how it employs a 360&#176; rotational photodetector sensor that is scanned around an IOL sample while recording the intensity and location of scattered light as it passes through the IOL medium. The SLSP platform can be used to predict, non-clinically, the propensity for current and novel IOL designs and materials to induce light scatter. Non-clinical evaluation of light scattering properties of IOLs can significantly reduce the number of patient complaints related to unwanted glare, glistening, optical defects, poor image quality, and other phenomena associated with the unintended light scattering. Future studies should be conducted to correlate SLSP data with clinical results to help identify which measured light scatter is most problematic for patients that have undergone cataract surgery subsequent to IOL implantation.

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler SLPS Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses

This protocol describes the scanning light scattering profiler (SLSP) that enables the full-angle quantitative evaluation of forward and backward scattering of light from intraocular lenses (IOLs) using goniophotometer principles.

基于扫描光散射分析器（SLPS）的方法来量化评估来自眼内镜的前向和后向光散射

The scanning light scattering profiler (SLSP) methodology has been developed for the full-angle quantitative evaluation of forward and backward light ...

A 3D-printed Chamber for Organic Optoelectronic Device Degradation Testing

In this manuscript, we outline the manufacture of a small, portable, easy-to-use atmospheric chamber for organic and perovskite optoelectronic devices, using 3D-printing. As these types of devices are sensitive to moisture and oxygen, such a chamber can aid researchers in characterizing the electronic and stability properties. The chamber is intended to be used as a temporary, reusable, and stable environment with controlled properties (including humidity, gas introduction, and temperature). It can be used to protect air-sensitive materials or to expose them to contaminants in a controlled way for degradation studies. To characterize the properties of the chamber, we outline a simple procedure to determine the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) using relative humidity as measured by a standard humidity sensor. This standard operating procedure, using a 50% infill density of polylactic acid (PLA), results in a chamber that can be used for weeks without any significant loss of device properties. The versatility and ease of use of the chamber allows it to be adapted to any characterization condition that requires a compact-controlled atmosphere.

Here, we present a protocol for the design, manufacture, and use of a simple, versatile 3D-printed and controlled atmospheric chamber for the optical and electrical characterization of air-sensitive organic optoelectronic devices.

用于有机光电器件降解测试的3维印制腔

In this manuscript, we outline the manufacture of a small, portable, easy-to-use atmospheric chamber for organic and perovskite optoelectronic devices, ...

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, known as quantum dots (QDs), are a rapidly growing class of materials in commercial electronics, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) and photovoltaics (PVs). Among this material group, inorganic/organic perovskites have demonstrated significant improvement and potential towards high-efficiency, low-cost PV fabrication due to their high charge carrier mobilities and lifetimes. Despite the opportunities for perovskite QDs in large-scale PV and LED applications, the lack of fundamental and comprehensive understanding of their growth pathways has inhibited their adaptation within continuous nanomanufacturing strategies. Traditional flask-based screening approaches are generally expensive, labor-intensive, and imprecise for effectively characterizing the broad parameter space and synthesis variety relevant to colloidal QD reactions. In this work, a fully autonomous microfluidic platform is developed to systematically study the large parameter space associated with the colloidal synthesis of nanocrystals in a continuous flow format. Through the application of a novel translating three-port flow cell and modular reactor extension units, the system may rapidly collect fluorescence and absorption spectra across reactor lengths ranging 3 - 196 cm. The adjustable reactor length not only decouples the residence time from the velocity-dependent mass transfer, it also substantially improves the sampling rates and chemical consumption due to the characterization of 40 unique spectra within a single equilibrated system. Sample rates may reach up to 30,000 unique spectra per day, and the conditions cover 4 orders of magnitude in residence times ranging 100 ms - 17 min. Further applications of this system would substantially improve the rate and precision of the material discovery and screening in future studies. Detailed within this report are the system materials and assembly protocols with a general description of the automated sampling software and offline data processing.

Detailed herein are the operation and assembly protocols of a modular microfluidic screening platform for the systematic characterization of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystal syntheses. Through fully adjustable system arrangements, highly efficient spectra collection may be carried out across 4 orders of magnitude reaction time scales within a mass transfer-controlled sampling space.

胶体半导体纳米晶系统研究的模块化微流控技术

Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, known as quantum dots (QDs), are a rapidly growing class of materials in commercial electronics, such as light ...

A Standard and Reliable Method to Fabricate Two-Dimensional Nanoelectronics

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted huge attention due to their unique properties and potential applications. Since wafer scale synthesis of 2D materials is still in nascent stages, scientists cannot fully rely on traditional semiconductor techniques for related research. Delicate processes from locating the materials to electrode definition need to be well controlled. In this article, a universal fabrication protocol required in manufacturing nanoscale electronics, such as 2D quasi-heterojunction bipolar transistors (Q-HBT), and 2D back-gated transistors are demonstrated. This protocol includes the determination of material position, electron beam lithography (EBL), metal electrode definition, et al. A step by step narrative of the fabrication procedures for these devices are also presented. Furthermore, results show that each of the fabricated devices has achieved high performance with high repeatability. This work reveals a comprehensive description of process flow for preparing 2D nano-electronics, enables the research groups to access this information, and pave the way toward future electronics.

The article aims to introduce a standard and reliable fabrication procedure for the development of future low dimensional nanoelectronics.

制造二维电子学的标准可靠方法

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted huge attention due to their unique properties and potential applications. Since wafer scale synthesis of 2D ...

Method Development for Contactless Resonant Cavity Dielectric Spectroscopic Studies of Cellulosic Paper

The current analytical techniques for characterizing printing and graphic arts substrates are largely ex situ and destructive. This limits the amount of data that can be obtained from an individual sample and renders it difficult to produce statistically relevant data for unique and rare materials. Resonant cavity dielectric spectroscopy is a non-destructive, contactless technique which can simultaneously interrogate both sides of a sheeted material and provide measurements which are suitable for statistical interpretations. This offers analysts the ability to quickly discriminate between sheeted materials based on composition and storage history. In this methodology article, we demonstrate how contactless resonant cavity dielectric spectroscopy may be used to differentiate between paper analytes of varying fiber species compositions, to determine the relative age of the paper, and to detect and quantify the amount of post-consumer waste (PCW) recycled fiber content in manufactured office paper.

A protocol for the non-destructive analysis of the fiber content and relative age of paper.

纤维素纸非接触式共振腔电谱研究的方法研究

The current analytical techniques for characterizing printing and graphic arts substrates are largely ex situ and destructive. This limits the amount of ...

Ion-Exchange Membranes for the Fabrication of Reverse Electrodialysis Device

Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is an effective way to generate power by mixing two different salt concentrations in water using cation-exchange membranes (CEM) and anion-exchange membranes (AEM). The RED stack is composed of an alternating arrangement of the cation-exchange membrane and anion-exchange membrane. The RED device acts as a potential candidate for fulfilling the universal demand for future energy crises. Here, in this article, we demonstrate a procedure to fabricate a reverse electrodialysis device using laboratory-scale CEM and AEM for power production. The active area of the ion-exchange membrane is 49 cm2. In this article, we provide a step-by-step procedure for synthesizing the membrane, followed by the stack&#39;s assembly and power measurement. The measurement conditions and net power output calculation have also been explained. Furthermore, we describe the fundamental parameters that are taken into consideration for obtaining a reliable outcome. We also provide a theoretical parameter that affects the overall cell performance relating to the membrane and the feed solution. In short, this experiment describes how to assemble and measure RED cells on the same platform. It also contains the working principle and calculation used for estimating the net power output of the RED stack using CEM and AEM membranes.

We demonstrate the fabrication of a reverse electrodialysis device using a cation-exchange membrane (CEM) and anion-exchange membrane (AEM) for power generation.

用于制造反向电透析装置的离子交换膜

Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is an effective way to generate power by mixing two different salt concentrations in water using cation-exchange membranes ...

Pneumatically Driven Microfluidic Platform for Micro-Particle Concentration

The present article introduces a method for fabricating and operating a pneumatic valve to control particle concentration using a microfluidic platform. This platform has a three-dimensional (3D) network with curved fluid channels and three pneumatic valves, which create networks, channels, and spaces through duplex replication with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The device operates based on the transient response of a fluid flow rate controlled by a pneumatic valve in the following order: (1) sample loading, (2) sample blocking, (3) sample concentration, and (4) sample release. The particles are blocked by thin diaphragm layer deformation of the sieve valve (Vs) plate and accumulate in the curved microfluidic channel. The working fluid is discharged by the actuation of two on/off valves. As a result of the operation, all particles of various magnifications were successfully intercepted and disengaged. When this technology is applied, the operating pressure, the time required for concentration, and the concentration rate may vary depending on the device dimensions and particle size magnification.

The present protocol describes a pneumatic microfluidic platform that can be used for efficient microparticle concentration.

气动驱动的微流体平台，用于微颗粒浓缩

The present article introduces a method for fabricating and operating a pneumatic valve to control particle concentration using a microfluidic platform. ...