TB承认囊性纤维化加拿大研究奖学金。

需要注意的是研究伦理委员会（REB）来收集和痰标本从人类受试者的存储。这些研究是由病童医院REB＃1000019444批准。 1.准备CF痰液标本<ol><li>收集患者的痰液标本中的囊性纤维化诊疗常规访问，保持在冰上。 </li><li>在冰上运痰样品收集的第一个小时内，向研究实验室，经过处理。 </li></ol> 2.痰处理<ol><li>记录所得到的痰样品的体积。添加磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）至2倍的样品（ 即，2份PBS中，1份样品）的体积。 </li><li>用移液管混合样品井。涡上1分钟后，完全混合最高设置的样本。 </li><li>等分试样将1ml上述混合物的入适当数量的1.5 ml离心管中并离心以5,000 xg离心在4℃下20分钟。 </li><li>离心后，除去上清液并弃沉淀。 </li><li>过滤通过0.22微米的过滤器消毒上清，在一个干净的离心管收集。 注意:滤液的无菌通过电镀在LB琼脂和接种液体培养基试验。 </li><li>在-80℃，以备将来使用存储痰上清。 注:痰从多个患者也可以下列过滤合并。 </li><li>在使用之前，稀释痰滤液1/10体积/体积中所需的介质（100微升痰，900微升的介质）。 注:在这里，使用标准LB培养基（LB）的媒体。 </li></ol> 3.生物膜形成腔室盖玻片方法<ol><li>在37℃生长在期望的媒体关注隔夜的细菌分离用颤抖的（200转）。 注意:使用了许多不同的细菌，包括临床分离株绿脓杆菌 ， 金黄色葡萄球菌 ，洋葱伯克霍尔德菌复杂和木糖氧化无色杆菌。的媒体选择取决于菌株和感兴趣的条件下，但是LB培养基可以用于最初的实验。 </li><li>从过夜培养，将40微升培养物分成4毫升的新鲜培养基中，并在37℃振荡（200rpm）下在大约0.5 600纳米（OD 600），以获得与光学密度的培养生长3-4小时-0.6。 </li><li>稀释步骤3.2文化在1/5所需的媒体有10％痰滤液或无痰滤液（作为对照）。痰滤液其他浓度可以进行测试（ 即，50％或100％）。 </li><li>用200微升稀释的种子的幻灯片室井。 </li><li>使细菌4小时，在37°C不晃动重视。 </li><li> 4小时后，取出媒体，轻轻地用1X新鲜培养基洗生物膜。用200微升新鲜培养基更换。 注:研究痰的效果上生物膜的FRES^ h媒体应该包含痰上清。 </li><li>允许生物膜到的时间所需量的在37℃不摇动生长，替换媒体每12小时，未经洗涤直到时间为显微镜。 注:研究生物膜药敏痰上清液的效果，抗生素加入到以下生物膜生长的24小时的媒体和被保持在媒体直至染色和生物膜的成像。 </li></ol> 4.染色生物膜和共聚焦显微镜<ol><li>继所需生长时间（24-48小时效果最好），从室移去培养基，并轻轻地用300微升无菌PBS洗涤各室的两倍。 </li><li>通过混合1微升每种染料（在可行性套件中提供）为所需的每个毫升溶液的准备生物膜染色的混合物。使水或媒体解决方案染料。 注:水是由制造商推荐的。 </li><li>加入200μl染料混合物到腔式covergla的每个孔SS和孵育在室温下，在黑暗中45分钟。 </li><li>从腔室中移除染色混合物并用300μl无菌PBS冲洗每个孔中。除去PBS并用清水或媒体取代。 </li><li>通过共聚焦显微镜生物膜的可视化进行。 </li></ol> 5.可视化生物膜与共焦显微镜<ol><li>染色（在1个小时）后，立即阅读室染色生物膜。通过一次染色八月一日至2日孔腔最小化在载玻片的可视化延迟。 </li><li>利用共聚焦显微镜用激光激发和过滤器集收购进行成像。 注:在这里，北极光光谱的激光旋转盘共聚焦系统被用于激励（绿色:561纳米:491nm，红色）。用于发射滤光片套四十零分之五百十五和四十零分之六百二十四的由生物膜生存能力套件形象化的污渍。 </li><li>以使用与相机共聚焦显微镜25X一水的目标图像。 </li><l我&gt;使用Z-堆栈生物膜模型。拍摄图像每隔0.5-1微米从第一焦点对准平面开始到生物膜的最后的聚焦框（通常跨越30-80微米48小时生物膜） </li><li>从每口井以3-5的图像。 注:因此，对于一个8孔腔玻璃罩，将产生24-40图像。 </li><li>保存图像进行分析。 注意:图片应保存为使用COMSTAT 18,19分析OME-TIFF文件。生物膜图像分析说明可以在http://www.comstat.dk/找到。一旦图像被导入，参数，如平均厚度，生物质和表面覆盖率为每个通道（红色和绿色）进行分析。 </li></ol>

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本文描述的方法允许在外源产物的存在下生长的细菌生物膜的可视化。不令人惊讶地，使用这种类型的系统时生产exoproducts的是重要的。例如，二硫苏糖醇（DTT），经常被用来对人痰样品来帮助液化样本。然而，DTT的单独的效果可降低生物膜发展和活力（数据未显示）。因此，对于所有条件适当的控制是必要的。此外，加入的人类痰产品由于这一事实，即每个病人的痰中有一个独特的微生物产生?...

细菌生物膜是微生物组附加到彼此并以自分泌的基质包裹。 1,2-传统上，它们代表细菌物理连接到流量的条件下形成的非生物或生物的表面上。生物膜也已经显示在静态条件（无流动）和远离表面，如在形成于试管热水池或药膜的空气 - 液体界面生长。这些生物膜早已在环境中识别和是主要损害工业过程，因为它们可以在蓄水池或管道形成，导致生物结垢，腐蚀和堵塞。 3,4 生物膜也是在医疗设置关键的，因为它们已被证明参与导管相关感染，囊性纤维化患者的肺感染，以及在许多其他感染。 5,6-一个生物膜感染的标志是德折痕细菌对抗生素的敏感性，并通过先天免疫系统受损的间隙。 7-9最充分研究，涉及基于生物膜感染临床相关情形发生在患者的囊性纤维化（CF），谁是慢性感染绿脓杆菌生物膜。 铜绿假单胞菌能建立慢性感染，使得它很难治疗的过程中发生了一些变化。 10,11生物膜可以激活差异的先天免疫和炎症驱动。 12-14由于这些感染导致CF患者发病率和死亡率，它是要明白，在这方面可以影响生物膜发展的因素是至关重要的。 最近的一项研究表明，宿主因素是在铜绿假单胞菌生物膜聚集体的形成是至关重要的。 15这些生物膜有助于减少对抗生素的敏感性和宿主防御机制。该prese的宿主衍生的因素，如嗜中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶，以及来自本在CF肺部的微生物分泌的产品NCE，必须大大调制生物膜形成和发展的潜力。 16此外，生物膜与宿主相互作用来调节多种途径表达并开始发炎。而高通量的方法，例如标准的结晶紫测定法中，可以为用户提供关于生物膜过程中的一些信息，响应于这些因素的生物膜的可视化提供更深入的信息。 在这个手稿我们描述了使用来自CF患者的痰因素来研究生物膜的体外发育的方法。此方法允许暴露于使用商业生物膜存活包含痰宿主因素生物膜的快速可视化。这种技术可以用于可视地识别在exogeno存在生物膜生长过程中发生的变化我们的产品，并表示改进的方法来分析各种条件下的生物膜发展的变化。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Lab-Tek II Chambered coverglass, #1.5 borosilicate, 8-well</td><td>Thermo Sicher Scientific</td><td>155409</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Filmtracer Live/Dead Biofilm Viabilty Kit</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>L10316</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Blood agar plates</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>R10215</td><td>Confirming viability via CFU counts or selecting colonies for innoculation</td></tr><tr><td>COMSTAT</td><td>Availble software online</td><td></td><td>COMSTAT is software to analyze biofilm images. Available www.comstat.dk&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Millers LB Broth</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>12780-052</td><td>Standard media for overnight gowth/biofilm growth</td></tr><tr><td>Millex-GV Syringe Filters</td><td>Millipore</td><td>SLGV013SL</td><td>Filtering of sputum supernants</td></tr><tr><td>Phosphate Buffered Saline (Dulbecco A)</td><td>Oxoid</td><td>BR0014G</td><td>Washing of biofilm chambers after media removal</td></tr><tr><td>Zeiss AxioVert 200M</td><td>Carl Zeiss</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hamamatsu C9100-13 EM-CCD</td><td>QS Technologies Inc.</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spectral Borealis</td><td>Qs Technologies Inc.</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Perkin Elmer Volocity</td><td>QS Technologies Inc.</td><td></td><td>Instructions for this software can be found at: http://cellularimaging.perkinelmer.com/pdfs/manuals/VolocityuserGuide.pdf</td></tr></tbody></table>

visualizing the effects of sputum on biofilm development using a chambered coverglass model

生物膜是由以自分泌的基质包裹细菌的群体。它们在工业污染，以及在许多健康相关性感染的发展和维持中发挥重要作用。一种在人类疾病中最充分描述并研究生物膜发生在囊性纤维化患者的慢性肺部感染。当在主机的情况下学习生物膜，许多因素会影响生物膜的形成和发展。为了鉴定宿主因素如何影响生物膜的形成和发展，我们使用一个静态腔室盖玻片方法中的宿主衍生的因子在痰上清液的形式存在下生长生物膜。细菌接种到商会和暴露于痰滤液。继增长48小时，生物膜沾满共聚焦显微镜和分析之前的商业可行性生物膜套件。以下图像采集，生物膜特性可以使用不同的软件平台来评估。这个方法允许我们想象中不同物质，包括抗生素的存在生物膜生长的关键性质。

实验的整体设计在图1中表示。使用这种协议的提供了一个方便的方法来可视化在生长的不同时间（ 例如，24，48或72小时）的生物膜的变化。重要的是，外源信号，如痰的滤液，可以被添加到可视化生物膜发展的变化。如在图2中看到的那样，10％的痰的滤液的存在可以改变生物膜的结构（ 图2A，下图）。 16这些图像可以...

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Visualizing the Effects of Sputum on Biofilm Development Using a Chambered Coverglass Model

This protocol describes the visualization of biofilm development following exposure to host-factors using a slide chamber model. This model allows for direct visualization of biofilm development as well as analysis of biofilm parameters using computer software programs.

可视化痰生物膜发展影响使用腔室盖玻片型号

Biofilms consist of groups of bacteria encased in a self-secreted matrix. They play an important role in industrial contamination as well as in the ...

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Immunology and Infection

8.3K 次观看.  Hospital for Sick Children. This protocol describes the visualization of biofilm development following exposure to host-factors using a slide chamber model. This model allows for direct visualization of biofilm development as well as analysis of biofilm parameters using computer software programs.

视频: Visualizing the Effects of Sputum on Biofilm Development Using a Chambered Coverglass Model

Co-culture Models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Grown on Live Human Airway Cells

Bacterial biofilms have been associated with a number of different human diseases, but biofilm development has generally been studied on non-living surfaces. In this paper, we describe protocols for forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms on human airway epithelial cells (CFBE cells) grown in culture. In the first method (termed the Static Co-culture Biofilm Model), P. aeruginosa is incubated with CFBE cells grown as confluent monolayers on standard tissue culture plates. Although the bacterium is quite toxic to epithelial cells, the addition of arginine delays the destruction of the monolayer long enough for biofilms to form on the CFBE cells. The second method (termed the Flow Cell Co-culture Biofilm Model), involves adaptation of a biofilm flow cell apparatus, which is often used in biofilm research, to accommodate a glass coverslip supporting a confluent monolayer of CFBE cells. This monolayer is inoculated with P. aeruginosa and a peristaltic pump then flows fresh medium across the cells. In both systems, bacterial biofilms form within 6-8 hours after inoculation. Visualization of the biofilm is enhanced by the use of P. aeruginosa strains constitutively expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). The Static and Flow Cell Co-culture Biofilm assays are model systems for early P. aeruginosa infection of the Cystic Fibrosis (CF) lung, and these techniques allow different aspects of P. aeruginosa biofilm formation and virulence to be studied, including biofilm cytotoxicity, measurement of biofilm CFU, and staining and visualizing the biofilm.

Co-culture Models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Grown on Live Human Airway Cells

This paper describes different methods of growing Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms on cultured human airway epithelial cells. These protocols can be adapted to study different aspects of biofilm formation, including visualization of the biofilm, staining of the biofilm, measuring the colony forming units (CFU) of the biofilm, and studying biofilm cytotoxicity.

共培养模型绿脓杆菌现场人类呼吸道细胞生长的生物膜

Bacterial biofilms have been associated with a number of different human diseases, but biofilm development has generally been studied on non-living ...

科研

免疫与感染

In vitro Biofilm Formation in an 8-well Chamber Slide

The chronic nature of many diseases is attributed to the formation of bacterial biofilms which are recalcitrant to traditional antibiotic therapy. Biofilms are community-associated bacteria attached to a surface and encased in a matrix. The role of the extracellular matrix is multifaceted, including facilitating nutrient acquisition, and offers significant protection against environmental stresses (e.g. host immune responses). In an effort to acquire a better understanding as to how the bacteria within a biofilm respond to environmental stresses we have used a protocol wherein we visualize bacterial biofilms which have formed in an 8-well chamber slide. The biofilms were stained with the BacLight Live/Dead stain and examined using a confocal microscope to characterize the relative biofilm size, and structure under varying incubation conditions. Z-stack images were collected via confocal microscopy and analyzed by COMSTAT. This protocol can be used to help elucidate the mechanism and kinetics by which biofilms form, as well as identify components that are important to biofilm structure and stability.

In vitro Biofilm Formation in an 8-well Chamber Slide

This article describes the procedure for the formation and visualization of a bacterial biofilm grown within an 8-well chamber slide

在体外生物膜的形成以及8商会幻灯片

The chronic nature of many diseases is attributed to the formation of bacterial biofilms which are recalcitrant to traditional antibiotic therapy. ...

Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Biofilms

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of human tuberculosis, has an extraordinary ability to survive against environmental stresses including antibiotics. Although stress tolerance of M. tuberculosis is one of the likely contributors to the 6-month long chemotherapy of tuberculosis 1, the molecular mechanisms underlying this characteristic phenotype of the pathogen remain unclear. Many microbial species have evolved to survive in stressful environments by self-assembling in highly organized, surface attached, and matrix encapsulated structures called biofilms 2-4. Growth in communities appears to be a preferred survival strategy of microbes, and is achieved through genetic components that regulate surface attachment, intercellular communications, and synthesis of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) 5,6. The tolerance to environmental stress is likely facilitated by EPS, and perhaps by the physiological adaptation of individual bacilli to heterogeneous microenvironments within the complex architecture of biofilms 7.
In a series of recent papers we established that M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis have a strong propensity to grow in organized multicellular structures, called biofilms, which can tolerate more than 50 times the minimal inhibitory concentrations of the anti-tuberculosis drugs isoniazid and rifampicin 8-10. M. tuberculosis, however, intriguingly requires specific conditions to form mature biofilms, in particular 9:1 ratio of headspace: media as well as limited exchange of air with the atmosphere 9. Requirements of specialized environmental conditions could possibly be linked to the fact that M. tuberculosis is an obligate human pathogen and thus has adapted to tissue environments. In this publication we demonstrate methods for culturing M. tuberculosis biofilms in a bottle and a 12-well plate format, which is convenient for bacteriological as well as genetic studies. We have described the protocol for an attenuated strain of M. tuberculosis, mc27000, with deletion in the two loci, panCD and RD1, that are critical for in vivo growth of the pathogen 9. This strain can be safely used in a BSL-2 containment for understanding the basic biology of the tuberculosis pathogen thus avoiding the requirement of an expensive BSL-3 facility. The method can be extended, with appropriate modification in media, to grow biofilm of other culturable mycobacterial species.
Overall, a uniform protocol of culturing mycobacterial biofilms will help the investigators interested in studying the basic resilient characteristics of mycobacteria. In addition, a clear and concise method of growing mycobacterial biofilms will also help the clinical and pharmaceutical investigators to test the efficacy of a potential drug.

Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Biofilms

Mycobacterium tuberculosis forms drug tolerant biofilms when cultured in certain conditions. Here we describe methods for culturing M. tuberculosis biofilms and determining the frequency of drug tolerant persisters. These protocols will be useful for further studies into the mechanisms of drug tolerance in M. tuberculosis.

增长结核分枝杆菌生物膜

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of human tuberculosis, has an extraordinary ability to survive against environmental stresses including ...

Use of Artificial Sputum Medium to Test Antibiotic Efficacy Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Conditions More Relevant to the Cystic Fibrosis Lung

There is growing concern about the relevance of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility tests when applied to isolates of P. aeruginosa from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Existing methods rely on single or a few isolates grown aerobically and planktonically. Predetermined cut-offs are used to define whether the bacteria are sensitive or resistant to any given antibiotic1. However, during chronic lung infections in CF, P. aeruginosa populations exist in biofilms and there is evidence that the environment is largely microaerophilic2. The stark difference in conditions between bacteria in the lung and those during diagnostic testing has called into question the reliability and even relevance of these tests3.
 Artificial sputum medium (ASM) is a culture medium containing the components of CF patient sputum, including amino acids, mucin and free DNA. P. aeruginosa growth in ASM mimics growth during CF infections, with the formation of self-aggregating biofilm structures and population divergence4,5,6. The aim of this study was to develop a microtitre-plate assay to study antimicrobial susceptibility of P. aeruginosa based on growth in ASM, which is applicable to both microaerophilic and aerobic conditions.
 An ASM assay was developed in a microtitre plate format. P. aeruginosa biofilms were allowed to develop for 3 days prior to incubation with antimicrobial agents at different concentrations for 24 hours. After biofilm disruption, cell viability was measured by staining with resazurin. This assay was used to ascertain the sessile cell minimum inhibitory concentration (SMIC) of tobramycin for 15 different P. aeruginosa isolates under aerobic and microaerophilic conditions and SMIC values were compared to those obtained with standard broth growth. Whilst there was some evidence for increased MIC values for isolates grown in ASM when compared to their planktonic counterparts, the biggest differences were found with bacteria tested in microaerophilic conditions, which showed a much increased resistance up to a &gt;128 fold, towards tobramycin in the ASM system when compared to assays carried out in aerobic conditions.
 The lack of association between current susceptibility testing methods and clinical outcome has questioned the validity of current methods3. Several in vitro models have been used previously to study P. aeruginosa biofilms7, 8. However, these methods rely on surface attached biofilms, whereas the ASM biofilms resemble those observed in the CF lung9 . In addition, reduced oxygen concentration in the mucus has been shown to alter the behavior of P. aeruginosa2 and affect antibiotic susceptibility10. Therefore using ASM under microaerophilic conditions may provide a more realistic environment in which to study antimicrobial susceptibility.

Use of Artificial Sputum Medium to Test Antibiotic Efficacy Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Conditions More Relevant to the Cystic Fibrosis Lung

Current diagnostic antimicrobial susceptibility testing relies on the planktonic growth of isolates in nutrient rich, aerobic conditions. Here, we employ an alternative artificial sputum medium to study antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms under both aerobic and microaerophilic conditions more representative of the cystic fibrosis lung.

使用人工痰介质测试抗生素药效试验<em&gt;绿脓杆菌</em&gt;更多相关的肺囊肿性纤维化的条件

There  is growing concern about the relevance of in vitro antimicrobial  susceptibility tests when applied to isolates of P. aeruginosa from  cystic ...

Methodologies for Studying B. subtilis Biofilms as a Model for Characterizing Small Molecule Biofilm Inhibitors

This work assesses different methodologies to study the impact of small molecule biofilm inhibitors, such as D-amino acids, on the development and resilience of Bacillus subtilis biofilms. First, methods are presented that select for small molecule inhibitors with biofilm-specific targets in order to separate the effect of the small molecule inhibitors on planktonic growth from their effect on biofilm formation. Next, we focus on how inoculation conditions affect the sensitivity of multicellular, floating B. subtilis cultures to small molecule inhibitors. The results suggest that discrepancies in the reported effects of such inhibitors such as D-amino acids are due to inconsistent pre-culture conditions. Furthermore, a recently developed protocol is described for evaluating the contribution of small molecule treatments towards biofilm resistance to antibacterial substances. Lastly, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques are presented to analyze the three-dimensional spatial arrangement of cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix in a B. subtilis biofilm. SEM facilitates insight into the three-dimensional biofilm architecture and the matrix texture. A combination of the methods described here can greatly assist the study of biofilm development in the presence and absence of biofilm inhibitors, and shed light on the mechanism of action of these inhibitors.

Methodologies for Studying B. subtilis Biofilms as a Model for Characterizing Small Molecule Biofilm Inhibitors

This study presents the development of reproducible methodologies to study biofilm inhibitors and their effects on Bacillus subtilis multicellularity.

方法学研究<em&gt;乙。枯草</em&gt;生物膜作为模型的表征小分子抑制剂生物膜

This work assesses different methodologies to study the impact of small molecule biofilm inhibitors, such as D-amino acids, on the development and ...

The WinCF Model - An Inexpensive and Tractable Microcosm of a Mucus Plugged Bronchiole to Study the Microbiology of Lung Infections

Many chronic airway diseases result in mucus plugging of the airways. Lungs of an individual with cystic fibrosis are an exemplary case where their mucus-plugged bronchioles create a favorable habitat for microbial colonization. Various pathogens thrive in this environment interacting with each other and driving many of the symptoms associated with CF disease. Like any microbial community, the chemical conditions of their habitat have a significant impact on the community structure and dynamics. For example, different microorganisms thrive in differing levels of oxygen or other solute concentrations. This is also true in the CF lung, where oxygen concentrations are believed to drive community physiology and structure. The methods described here are designed to mimic the lung environment and grow pathogens in a manner more similar to that from which they cause disease. Manipulation of the chemical surroundings of these microbes is then used to study how the chemistry of lung infections governs its microbial ecology. The method, called the WinCF system, is based on artificial sputum medium and narrow capillary tubes meant to provide an oxygen gradient similar to that which exists in mucus-plugged bronchioles. Manipulating chemical conditions, such as the media pH of the sputum or antibiotics pressure, allows for visualization of the microbiological differences in those samples using colored indicators, watching for gas or biofilm production, or extracting and sequencing the nucleic acid contents of each sample.

The mucus plugged airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are an ideal environment for microbial pathogens to thrive. The manuscript describes a novel method for studying the CF lung microbiome in an environment that mimics where they cause disease and how alterations of chemical conditions can drive microbial dynamics.

该WinCF模式 - 粘液的廉价和易于处理的缩影细支气管堵塞，研究肺部感染的微生物

Many chronic airway diseases result in mucus plugging of the airways. Lungs of an individual with cystic fibrosis are an exemplary case where their ...

Quantifying the Effects of Antimicrobials on In vitro Biofilm Architecture using COMSTAT Software

Biofilms are aggregates of microorganisms that rely on a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance for protection and structural integrity. The nosocomial pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is known to adopt a biofilm mode of growth, causing chronic pulmonary infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The computer program, COMSTAT, is a useful tool for quantifying antimicrobial-induced changes in P. aeruginosa biofilm architecture by extracting data from three-dimensional confocal images. However, standardized operation of the software is less commonly addressed, which is important for optimal reporting of biofilm behavior and cross-center comparison. Thus, the aim of this protocol is to provide a simple and reproducible framework for quantifying in vitro biofilm structures under varying antimicrobial conditions via COMSTAT. The technique is modeled using a CF P. aeruginosa isolate, grown in the form of biofilm replicates, and exposed to tobramycin and the anti-Psl monoclonal antibody, Psl0096. The step-by-step approach aims to reduce user ambiguity and minimize the chance of overlooking crucial image-processing steps. Specifically, the protocol emphasizes the elimination of subjective variations associated with the manual operation of COMSTAT, including image segmentation and the selection of appropriate quantitative analysis functions. Although this method requires users to spend additional time processing confocal images prior to running COMSTAT, it helps minimize misrepresented biofilm heterogenicity in automated outputs.

Quantifying the Effects of Antimicrobials on In vitro Biofilm Architecture using COMSTAT Software

Antimicrobial-induced changes to Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm architecture differ among clinical isolates cultured from patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic pulmonary infection. Following confocal microscopy, COMSTAT software can be utilized to quantify variations in biofilm architecture (e.g., surface area, thickness, biomass) for individual isolates to assess the efficacy of anti-infective agents.

使用 COMSTAT 软件量化抗菌剂对 体外 生物膜结构的影响

Biofilms are aggregates of microorganisms that rely on a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance for protection and structural ...

Antibiotic Efficacy Testing in an Ex vivo Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung

The effective prescription of antibiotics for the bacterial biofilms present within the lungs of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) is limited by a poor correlation between antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) results using standard diagnostic methods (e.g., broth microdilution, disk diffusion, or Etest) and clinical outcomes after antibiotic treatment. Attempts to improve AST by the use of off-the-shelf biofilm growth platforms show little improvement in results. The limited ability of in vitro biofilm systems to mimic the physicochemical environment of the CF lung and, therefore bacterial physiology and biofilm architecture, also acts as a brake on the discovery of novel therapies for CF infection. Here, we present a protocol to perform AST of CF pathogens grown as mature, in vivo-like biofilms in an ex vivo CF lung model comprised of pig bronchiolar tissue and synthetic CF sputum (ex vivo&#160;pig lung, EVPL).
Several in vitro&#160;assays exist for biofilm susceptibility testing, using either standard laboratory medium or various formulations of synthetic CF sputum in microtiter plates. Both growth medium and biofilm substrate (polystyrene plate vs. bronchiolar tissue) are likely to affect biofilm antibiotic tolerance. We show enhanced tolerance of clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus isolates in the ex vivo model; the effects of antibiotic treatment of biofilms is not correlated with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in standard microdilution assays or a sensitive/resistant classification in disk diffusion assays.
The ex vivo platform could be used for bespoke biofilm AST of patient samples and as an enhanced testing platform for potential antibiofilm agents during pharmaceutical research and development. Improving the prescription or acceleration of antibiofilm drug discovery through the use of more in vivo-like testing platforms could drastically improve health outcomes for individuals with CF, as well as reduce the costs of clinical treatment and discovery research.

Antibiotic Efficacy Testing in an Ex vivo Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung

This workflow can be used to perform antibiotic susceptibility testing using an established&#160;ex vivo model of bacterial biofilm in the lungs of individuals with cystic fibrosis. Use of this model could enhance the clinical validity of MBEC (minimal biofilm eradication concentration) assays.

在囊性纤维化肺中的伪肌瘤和金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜的前体内模型中进行抗生素疗效测试

The effective prescription of antibiotics for the bacterial biofilms present within the lungs of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) is limited by a ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>用于抗菌检测和微生物动力学分析的适应性 CF 模型

Development of a Polymicrobial Colony Biofilm Model to Test Antimicrobials in Cystic Fibrosis

A range of bacteria biofilm models exist for the testing of antibiotics. However, many of these are limited to a single experimental output, such as colony-forming units or metabolic activity. Furthermore, many biofilm models do not reflect the biological and physiochemical properties of the human host environment. This is an important issue in many conditions, but most noticeably in cystic fibrosis (CF). A large proportion of people with CF suffer from both chronic and intermittent infections, and in vitro, antibiotic susceptibility testing poorly correlates with patient treatment outcomes. Some biofilm models incorporate CF lung-relevant media, including synthetic sputum mimics, but do not consider the polymicrobial nature of the environment, which alters biofilm architecture, physiology, and the way microbes respond to treatment. The solid-air interface colony biofilm model described here is highly adaptable and incorporates both CF-relevant media and a polymicrobial context. This model can also be used for mid-throughput screening of antimicrobials and to study their effect on polymicrobial dynamics. Output measurements from the model can be colony-forming units, metabolic activity, and confocal microscopy analysis. The model can easily be adapted to different microorganisms, media, temperatures, and variable oxygen conditions and can be used to test a wide range of chemical, biological, and physical treatments.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>开发多微生物菌落生物膜模型以测试囊性纤维化中的抗菌剂

This methodology allows for the establishment of a polymicrobial biofilm model in cystic fibrosis for antimicrobial sensitivity testing in research and clinical laboratories. This model provides accurate and reliable results over a range of outputs.

开发多微生物菌落生物膜模型以测试囊性纤维化中的抗菌剂

A range of bacteria biofilm models exist for the testing of antibiotics. However, many of these are limited to a single experimental output, such as ...

可视化痰生物膜发展影响使用腔室盖玻片型号

摘要

探索更多视频

共培养模型绿脓杆菌现场人类呼吸道细胞生长的生物膜

在体外生物膜的形成以及8商会幻灯片

增长结核分枝杆菌生物膜

使用人工痰介质测试抗生素药效试验

方法学研究

该WinCF模式 - 粘液的廉价和易于处理的缩影细支气管堵塞，研究肺部感染的微生物

使用 COMSTAT 软件量化抗菌剂对体外生物膜结构的影响

在囊性纤维化肺中的伪肌瘤和金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜的前体内模型中进行抗生素疗效测试

开发多微生物菌落生物膜模型以测试囊性纤维化中的抗菌剂

开发多微生物菌落生物膜模型以测试囊性纤维化中的抗菌剂

可视化痰生物膜发展影响使用腔室盖玻片型号

摘要

探索更多视频

共培养模型绿脓杆菌现场人类呼吸道细胞生长的生物膜

在体外生物膜的形成以及8商会幻灯片

增长结核分枝杆菌生物膜

使用人工痰介质测试抗生素药效试验

方法学研究

该WinCF模式 - 粘液的廉价和易于处理的缩影细支气管堵塞，研究肺部感染的微生物

使用 COMSTAT 软件量化抗菌剂对 体外 生物膜结构的影响

在囊性纤维化肺中的伪肌瘤和金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜的前体内模型中进行抗生素疗效测试

开发多微生物菌落生物膜模型以测试囊性纤维化中的抗菌剂

开发多微生物菌落生物膜模型以测试囊性纤维化中的抗菌剂

使用 COMSTAT 软件量化抗菌剂对体外生物膜结构的影响