这项研究得到了 NIH（HL107304 和 HL081753）和梅奥基金会（生物医学发现和心血管研究中心）对 X.X. J.L. 的支持。JL 由中南大学中央大学基本研究基金第 56021702 号资助。特别感谢 Beninio Gore 和 Quentin Stevens 管理斑马鱼设施。

所进行的所有程序均已获得妙佑医疗国际机构动物护理和使用委员会的批准，并遵守“实验动物护理和使用指南”（美国国家科学院出版社，2011 年）中概述的标准。研究中的所有斑马鱼都属于野生印度核型 （WIK） 菌株。用于研究的试剂和设备的详细信息列在 材料表中。
1. 阿霉素原液的制备和储存
<ol><li>从商业来源获得阿霉素原液。 注意：阿霉素对光敏感，因此请以粉末形式获取并储存在不透明的容器中，以保护其免受光照。在化学罩内执行 Dox 粉末制备的所有步骤。</li>
	<li>将 Dox 粉末完全溶解在蒸馏水中，并制备终浓度为 5 mg/mL 的储备液。</li>
	<li>将原液分成 1.5 mL 试管，将其分装。</li>
	<li>用铝箔包裹管子以保护它们免受光线照射。</li>
	<li>将等分试样的 Dox 溶液储存在 4 °C 下进行短期储存（<1 个月），或 -20 °C 进行长期储存10。</li>
</ol>2. 根据鱼的体重对鱼进行分组
<ol><li>将 BW 差异小于 10% 的鱼分组在一起进行后续注射。 注意：为了在这个阶段省力，BW 差异小于 10% 的鱼被归类为相同大小。</li>
	<li>注射前让鱼禁食 24 小时。</li>
	<li>使用含有 0.16 mg/mL 三卡因的胚胎水麻醉鱼 1 分钟。</li>
	<li>用三卡因将鱼从水中取出，然后用干净的滤纸轻拍鱼体的两侧，以去除多余的水。</li>
	<li>测量并记录每条鱼的 BW，然后立即将鱼放回装满新鲜系统水的回收箱中。 注意：对 3 个月大的鱼进行 Dox 注射。在这项研究中，研究人员利用了 3 个月到 10 个月大的鱼。成熟 WIK 品系斑马鱼的 BW 可能在 0.2 g 到 0.5 g 之间变化。持续 5 分钟以上的长时间麻醉，然后进行 Dox 注射，导致鱼类死亡率高。</li>
</ol>3. 准备注射针头和注射站
<ol><li>根据平均体重确定每条鱼所需的 Dox 储备溶液（例如，5 mg/mL）的注射量，以达到 20 μg/g 的目标剂量。</li>
	<li>使用以下公式计算进样体积： <img alt="Equation 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/66500/66500eq01.jpg" style="margin: auto;"></li>
	<li>加入 1x Hank's 平衡盐溶液 （HBSS） 以稀释在步骤 1 中计算的 Dox 溶液以进行注射，达到 5 μL 的总体积。 注意：根据 BW 对每组鱼使用散装溶液，并在每组中额外包括 3 条鱼，以确保在实验过程中不缺乏注射溶液。</li>
	<li>轻轻敲击试管，然后以最高速度短暂微量离心，以在室温下收集溶液 10 秒。</li>
	<li>将准备好的溶液放在冰上，并使其避光。</li>
	<li>将带有海绵的干净 100 毫米培养皿放在解剖显微镜下方，然后调整焦距。 注意：海绵包含一个 4 厘米长的凹槽。海绵的弹性回缩将为鱼提供支撑并保持鱼体就位。海绵可以重复使用。</li>
	<li>为 10 μL 微量注射器配备 34 G 斜面针头。</li>
	<li>用 1x HBSS 缓冲液冲洗针头，以消除任何气泡并清除注射器中的潜在堵塞物。</li>
	<li>测量 5 μL 在步骤 4 中制备的用于注射的溶液。</li>
</ol>4. IP Dox 注射程序
<ol><li>将成鱼放入含 0.16 mg/mL 三卡因的水中 1 分钟，以诱导昏迷状态。</li>
	<li>将鱼放在嵌入海绵的凹槽中，腹部朝上（图 1A）。</li>
	<li>以接近 0° 的角度插入针头，从胸鳍的中点开始向心腔的后侧插入（图 1B）。 注意：手术过程中避免与心脏接触。</li>
	<li>将针头对准尾巴，进入银色皮肤下方。 注意： 将针头放在靠近银色皮肤的位置，注意避免任何刮擦或刺穿。</li>
	<li>在整个手术过程中监测腹腔内的针尖（图 1C）。 注意： 避免损伤肝脏、肠道、鱼鳔和其他器官。确保针头到达肠末端，靠近泄殖腔孔。</li>
	<li>逐渐均匀地分配 5 μL Dox 溶液，然后沿着原始路径缓慢抽出针头以防止任何泄漏（图 1D）。</li>
	<li>通过观察 Dox 溶液的红色来监测腹腔是否存在 Dox（图 1E）。</li>
	<li>迅速将注入的鱼移动到装满淡水的干净过境水箱中，以帮助鱼恢复。 注意：在两次注射之间，用 1x HBSS 缓冲液冲洗针头一次。</li>
</ol>5. 注射后鱼类管理
<ol><li>注射后将鱼放回系统并循环。</li>
	<li>将所有注射的鱼再禁食 24 小时以促进其恢复。</li>
	<li>在第一周，密切关注鱼。尽快将死鱼移走，以免感染其他鱼。 注意：最初 24 小时内的鱼类死亡可能是由于注射或长时间麻醉造成的身体伤害。记录鱼的数量以生成生存曲线。</li>
	<li>在注射后 56 天对注射 Dox 的鱼进行超声心动图表型11。 注：确保注射 HBSS 溶液的相应对照组的条件和程序的一致性。</li>
</ol>

优化腹腔注射用于成年斑马鱼化合物递送

<ol>
	<li>Tavares, B., Lopes, S. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+importance+of+Zebrafish+in+biomedical+research.">The importance of Zebrafish in biomedical research.</a> Acta Medica Portuguesa. 26 (5), 583-592 (2013).</li><li>Dang, M., Henderson, R. E., Garraway, L. A., Zon, L. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Long-term+drug+administration+in+the+adult+zebrafish+using+oral+gavage+for+cancer+preclinical+studies.">Long-term drug administration in the adult zebrafish using oral gavage for cancer preclinical studies.</a> Disease Model Mech. 9 (7), 811-820 (2016).</li><li>Sciarra, J. B., Tyler, A., Kolb, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+gelatin-based+diet+for+oral+dosing+juvenile+to+adult+zebrafish+(Danio+rerio).">A gelatin-based diet for oral dosing juvenile to adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).</a> Lab Animal Sci Prof. , 32-35 (2014).</li><li>Kinkel, M. D., Eames, S. C., Philipson, L. H., Prince, V. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intraperitoneal+injection+into+adult+zebrafish.">Intraperitoneal injection into adult zebrafish.</a> J Vis Exp. (42), e2126 (2010).</li><li>Pugach, E. K., Li, P., White, R., Zon, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Retro-orbital+injection+in+adult+zebrafish.">Retro-orbital injection in adult zebrafish.</a> J Vis Exp. (34), e1645 (2009).</li><li>Liu, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intraperitoneally+delivered+mesenchymal+stem+cells+alleviate+experimental+colitis+through+THBS1-mediated+induction+of+IL-10-competent+regulatory+B+cells.">Intraperitoneally delivered mesenchymal stem cells alleviate experimental colitis through THBS1-mediated induction of IL-10-competent regulatory B cells.</a> Front Immunol. 13, 853894 (2022).</li><li>De Smet, L., Ceelen, W., Remon, J. P., Vervaet, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Optimization+of+drug+delivery+systems+for+intraperitoneal+therapy+to+extend+the+residence+time+of+the+chemotherapeutic+agent.">Optimization of drug delivery systems for intraperitoneal therapy to extend the residence time of the chemotherapeutic agent.</a> The Scientific World Journal. 2013, 720858 (2013).</li><li>Dakwar, G. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nanomedicine-based+intraperitoneal+therapy+for+the+treatment+of+peritoneal+carcinomatosis-Mission+possible.">Nanomedicine-based intraperitoneal therapy for the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis-Mission possible.</a> Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 108, 13-24 (2017).</li><li>Al Shoyaib, A., Archie, S. R., Karamyan, V. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intraperitoneal+route+of+drug+administration:+should+it+be+used+in+experimental+animal+studies.">Intraperitoneal route of drug administration: should it be used in experimental animal studies.</a> Pharmaceutical Res. 37, 1-17 (2020).</li><li>Ma, X., Ding, Y., Wang, Y., Xu, X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+doxorubicin-induced+cardiomyopathy+model+in+adult+zebrafish.">A doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy model in adult zebrafish.</a> J Vis Exp. (136), e57567 (2018).</li><li>Wang, L. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Standardized+echocardiographic+assessment+of+cardiac+function+in+normal+adult+zebrafish+and+heart+disease+models.">Standardized echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function in normal adult zebrafish and heart disease models.</a> Disease Model Mech. 10 (1), 63-76 (2017).</li><li>Christidi, E., Brunham, L. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulated+cell+death+pathways+in+doxorubicin-induced+cardiotoxicity.">Regulated cell death pathways in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.</a> Cell Death Dis. 12 (4), 339 (2021).</li><li>Zhu, W., Shou, W., Payne, R. M., Caldwell, R., Field, L. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+mouse+model+for+juvenile+doxorubicin-induced+cardiac+dysfunction.">A mouse model for juvenile doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction.</a> Pediatric Res. 64 (5), 488-494 (2008).</li><li>Podyacheva, E. Y., Kushnareva, E. A., Karpov, A. A., Toropova, Y. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+models+of+doxorubicin-induced+cardiomyopathy+in+rats+and+mice.+A+modern+view+from+the+perspective+of+the+pathophysiologist+and+the+clinician.">Analysis of models of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats and mice. A modern view from the perspective of the pathophysiologist and the clinician.</a> Frontiers Pharmacol. 12, 670479 (2021).</li><li>Chaoul, V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Assessing+drug+administration+techniques+in+zebrafish+models+of+neurological+disease.">Assessing drug administration techniques in zebrafish models of neurological disease.</a> Int J Mol Sci. 24 (19), 14898 (2023).</li><li>Lu, X., Lu, L., Gao, L., Wang, Y., Wang, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Calycosin+attenuates+doxorubicin-induced+cardiotoxicity+via+autophagy+regulation+in+zebrafish+models.">Calycosin attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity via autophagy regulation in zebrafish models.</a> Biomed Pharmacother. 137, 111375 (2021).</li></ol>

与现有的两种 IP 注入方法 4,10 不同，新的 IP 注入方法具有以下鲜明的特点。首先，使用独特的针刺角（接近零）;其次，针头通过一个独特的位置穿透鱼，即鱼腹面上的天然孔，这将有利于注射;最后，针头的运动是从前到后。这些调整有效地减少了器官损伤，这是由于在穿透过程中最大限度地减少了 Dox 的泄漏。针头的路径就在银色皮肤下方，?...

斑马鱼 （Danio rerio） 作为研究人类疾病的实验模型而受到关注，因为这种动物与人类具有高度的基因和器官同源性、外部受精、易于遗传操作以及早熟时的身体透明度，这促进了无数的成像应用1。与将斑马鱼胚胎和幼虫的药物直接输送到水中的简单过程不同，对成年斑马鱼给药是一项更加复杂和具有挑战性的工作2。
在成年鱼中，化合物可以通过被动药物输送技术（例如直接给药到水中）或通过口服药物输送方法（如管饲法）输送 2。其他方法包括用化合物包衣鱼食，然后喂鱼3，以及直接施用预定浓度的水不溶性药物，包括眼眶后或腹膜内注射 4,5。腹膜内给药是疾病模型体内研究的首选，因为它具有独特的药代动力学优势6。该方法提供高药物浓度和延长腹膜腔内的半衰期，为药物输送提供了有效的途径 7,8。该方法通常用于研究环境，以确保最佳的药物吸收和分布 9。虽然基于注射的方法被证明对单次注射有效，但长时间和重复注射通常会导致身体损伤和慢性感染2。
目前，成年 zerbafish 有两种 IP 注射方法 4,10。然而，这两种方法在输送阿霉素等有毒化合物时都有局限性，导致体型严重受损和鱼类死亡。副作用会使数据解释变得非常复杂。尽管这些挑战可以通过广泛的培训来解决10，但显然需要一种新的 IP 注射方法，以最大限度地减少副作用。
在这里，我们的目标是开发一种新的 IP 注射方法，该方法针对将阿霉素有效输送到成年斑马鱼中进行了优化，促进生成可靠的阿霉素诱导的心肌病 （DIC） 模型，将身体损伤和相关死亡率降至最低。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>10 &#956;L NanoFil-syringe</td>
			<td>World Precision Instruments, Inc</td>
			<td>NANOFIL</td>
			<td>injection tool</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>34 G needle</td>
			<td>World Precision Instruments, Inc</td>
			<td>NI34BV-2</td>
			<td>injcetion tool</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>60 mm Petri dish</td>
			<td>fisher scientific/fisherbrand</td>
			<td>FB0875713A</td>
			<td>placing the sponge&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dissecting microscope</td>
			<td>Nikon</td>
			<td>SMZ800</td>
			<td>Injceting the Dox</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Doxorubicin hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>D1515-10MG</td>
			<td>drug for creating DIC model&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Echocardiography</td>
			<td>VISUAL SONICS</td>
			<td>Vevo 3100</td>
			<td>measuring cardiac function</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Foam Sponge</td>
			<td>Jaece Industries</td>
			<td>L800-D</td>
			<td>placing the fish</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hank&#39;s balanced salt solution (HBBS)</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>14025076</td>
			<td>Vehicle for Dox</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microcentrifuge&#160;</td>
			<td>southernlabware</td>
			<td>MyFuge/C1012</td>
			<td>collect the Dox solution&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Precision Balance Scale</td>
			<td>Torbal</td>
			<td>AD60</td>
			<td>Digital scales</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tricaine</td>
			<td>Argent</td>
			<td>MS-222</td>
			<td>Anesthetizing fish</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tube</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>1.5 mL</td>
			<td>storage&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>vevo LAB&#160; software</td>
			<td>FUJIFILM VISUAL SONICS&#160;</td>
			<td>5.6.0</td>
			<td>quantification of the heart</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

an intraperitoneal injection technique in adult zebrafish that minimizes body damage and associated mortality

成年斑马鱼 （Danio rerio） 在基因上是可及的，正被用作研究心肌病等人类疾病的有价值的脊椎动物模型。腹膜内 （IP） 注射是一种重要的方法，可将化合物输送到体内，以测试治疗效果或生成疾病模型，例如阿霉素诱导的心肌病 （DIC）。目前，有两种 IP 注入方法。在处理阿霉素等有毒化合物时，这两种方法都有局限性，这会导致副作用表现为严重损害体型和鱼类死亡。虽然这些缺点可以通过广泛的研究者培训来克服，但需要一种副作用最小的新 IP 注射方法。本文报道了一种能够处理有毒化合物的独特 IP 注射方法。心脏功能持续下降可能会导致鱼类严重死亡。对成年斑马鱼经验最少的研究人员可以很容易地掌握这项技术。

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) has gained attention as an experimental model for studying human diseases because this animal encompasses high gene and organ homology to humans, external&#160;fertilization, ease of genetic manipulation, and body transparency into early maturity, which facilitates a myriad of imaging applications1. Unlike the straightforward process of delivering drugs directly to the water for zebrafish embryos and larvae, administering drugs to adult zebrafish presents a more intricate and challenging endeavor2.
In adult fish, compounds can be delivered through passive drug delivery techniques, such as direct administration into the water, or through oral drug delivery methods like gavaging2. Other approaches include coating fish food with the compounds and subsequently feeding the fish3, and direct administration of water-insoluble medications at a predetermined concentration, including retro-orbital or intraperitoneal injections4,5. Intraperitoneal administration is preferred for in vivo studies of disease models due to its distinct pharmacokinetic advantages6. This method provides a high drug concentration and an extended half-life within the peritoneal cavity, offering an effective route for drug delivery7,8. The approach is commonly utilized in research settings to ensure optimal drug absorption and distribution 9. While injection-based methods prove efficient for single delivery, prolonged and repeated injections often lead to body damage and chronic infection2.
Currently, there are two methods of IP injection in adult zerbafish4,10. However, both methods have limitations when delivering toxic compounds like doxorubicin, leading to severe damage to the body shape and fish mortality. The side effects can significantly complicate data interpretation. Although these challenges may be addressed with extensive training10, there is a clear need for a new IP injection method that minimizes side effects.
Here, our goal is to develop a new method of IP injection optimized for the effective delivery of doxorubicin into adult zebrafish, facilitating the generation of reliable doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC) models with minimized body damage and associated mortality.

作者聚焦： 斑马鱼心脏毒性模型的新型腹腔内注射方法

一种成年斑马鱼腹腔注射技术，可最大限度地减少身体损伤和相关死亡率

We aim to generate anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity models in adult zebrafish so that we can discover new therapeutic genes and compounds. A reliable IP injection method is essential to ensure the success of this project. So previously developed IP injection methods are the classic and alternative techniques.While the classic method penetrates the fish from the abdominal site through midline between the pelvic fins, the alternative method penetrates the fish from the dorsal site located between the pelvic and the anal fins. Owing to the toxicity of doxorubicin, significant body damage and mortality of the fish have been noted using the current two IP methods. New investigators need to be extensively trained before disease models can be reliably established in their hands.We designed a new IP injection method by adjusting the needle penetration location and the needle penetration angle. We inject through a natural hole located in the ventral region between pectoral fins and penetrate through a unique anterior to posterior direction.

以前，已采用两种腹膜内 （IP） 方法对成年斑马鱼施用阿霉素 4,10。在方法 I，也称为 Kinkel 等人4 描述的经典 IP 注射方法中，将针头与腹腔鳍之间的中线成 45° 角插入，腹部朝上。在方法 II 或 马 et al.10 描述的替代 IP 注射方法中，针头通过鱼的背侧插入（图 2A（i，ii））。相比之?...

Read this Scientific Article Protocol about Author Spotlight: Novel Intraperitoneal Injection Method for Zebrafish Cardiotoxicity Models at JoVE.com

描述了成年斑马鱼中的一种新的腹膜内 （IP） 注射方法。在处理阿霉素等有毒化合物时，该程序比以前报道的两种 IP 方法更有效。该技术旨在让对斑马鱼模型经验有限的研究人员轻松采用。

The adult zebrafish (Danio rerio), which is genetically accessible, is being employed as a valuable vertebrate model to study human disorders such as ...

我们的目标是在成年斑马鱼中生成蒽环类药物诱导的心脏毒性模型，以便我们能够发现新的治疗基因和化合物。可靠的 IP 注入方法对于确保此项目的成功至关重要。因此，以前开发的 IP 注入方法是经典和替代技术。经典方法通过腹鳍之间的中线从腹部穿透鱼，而替代方法从位于骨盆和臀鳍之间的背侧穿透鱼。由于阿霉素的毒性，使用目前的两种 IP 方法已经注意到鱼的严重身体损伤和死亡率。新的研究人员需要接受广泛的培训，然后才能可靠地建立疾病模型。我们通过调整针头穿透位置和针头穿透角度，设计了一种新的 IP 注射方法。我们通过位于胸鳍之间腹侧区域的天然孔注射，并通过独特的前后方向渗透。

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An Intraperitoneal Injection Technique in Adult Zebrafish that Minimizes Body Damage and Associated Mortality

1.0K 次观看.  Mayo Clinic. 我们的目标是在成年斑马鱼中生成蒽环类药物诱导的心脏毒性模型，以便我们能够发现新的治疗基因和化合物。可靠的 IP 注入方法对于确保此项目的成功至关重要。因此，以前开发的 IP 注入方法是经典和替代技术。经典方法通过腹鳍之间的中线从腹部穿透鱼，而替代方法从位于骨盆和臀鳍之间的背侧穿透鱼。由于阿霉素的毒性，使用目前的两种 IP 方法已经注意到鱼的?...

视频: 作者聚焦： 斑马鱼心脏毒性模型的新型腹腔内注射方法

The adult zebrafish (Danio rerio), which is genetically accessible, is being employed as a valuable vertebrate model to study human disorders such as cardiomyopathy. Intraperitoneal (IP) injection is an important method that delivers compounds to the body for either testing therapeutic effects or generating disease models such as doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC). Currently, there are two methods of IP injection. Both&#160;methods have limitations when handling toxic compounds such as doxorubicin, which result in side effects manifesting as severe damage to the body shape and fish death. While these shortcomings could be overcome by extensive investigator training, a new IP injection method that has minimal side effects is desirable. Here, a unique IP injection method that is able to handle toxic compounds is reported. Consistently reduced cardiac function can result without incurring significant fish death. The technique can be easily mastered by researchers who have minimal experience with adult zebrafish.

A new intraperitoneal (IP) injection method in adult zebrafish is described. When handling toxic compounds such as doxorubicin, this procedure is more effective than the two previously reported IP methods. The technique is designed to be easily adopted by researchers with limited experience in the zebrafish model.

作者聚焦： 斑马鱼心脏毒性模型的新型腹腔内注射方法

作者聚焦：斑马鱼心脏毒性模型的新型腹腔内注射方法