fabrication-of-vb2air-cells-for-electrochemical-testing

Fabrication of VB<sub>2</sub>/Air Cells for Electrochemical Testing

A technique to investigate the properties and performance of new multi-electron metal/air battery systems is proposed and presented. A method for ...

Lynntech

Despite the use of heparin, aspirin, and other antiplatelet agents, acute coronary syndrome patients without ST-segment elevation remain at risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events. Given the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of arterial thrombosis, we tested the hypothesis that the combination of meloxicam, a preferential COX-2 inhibitor, and heparin and aspirin would be superior to heparin and aspirin alone.

Efficacy assessment of meloxicam, a preferential cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, in acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation: the Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Unstable Angina Treatment-2 (NUT-2) pilot study.

A case of a 38 year-old male patient, from Lima, with a three-year period illness, characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea, ponderal weight loss and fever is showed. He is examined by colonoscopy, with endoscopic diagnosis of colon cancer and undergoes surgery. The histopathological diagnosis was severe acute and chronic ulcerative ileocolitis, suggesting Crohn disease. A month later he again showed abdominal pain, diarrhea and fever, so a new colonoscopy is performed revealing multiple ileum ulcers and in the anastomotic area. The biopsy revealed an acute and chronic inflammatory process. The colon radiography showed a filling defect and irregularity in the cecum, and the upper endoscopy revealed esophageal ulcers. In addition, a number of analyses were carried out, such as: coproculture, HIV, and VK on sputum and feces, as well as CEA dosage, resulting all of them negative. The thorax radiography was also normal.He was diagnosed with Crohn's disease and was treated with mesalacin. Evolution was fast, showing weight gain, which allowed the discharge of the patient from the hospital seven (7) days later. The anatomical pathology never did confirm the final diagnosis, which brings us to the question:Are the granulomas always necessary for the final diagnosis of Crohn's disease?

[Are granulomas necessary for the final diagnosis of Crohn disease?].

Coenzyme B(12)-dependent 2-methyleneglutarate mutase from the strict anaerobe Eubacterium barkeri catalyzes the equilibration of 2-methyleneglutarate with (R)-3-methylitaconate. Proteins with mutations in the highly conserved coenzyme binding-motif DXH(X)(2)G(X)(41)GG (D483N and H485Q) exhibited decreased substrate turnover by 2000-fold and >4000-fold, respectively. These findings are consistent with the notion of H485 hydrogen-bonded to D483 being the lower axial ligand of adenosylcobalamin in 2-methyleneglutarate mutase. (E)- and (Z)-2-methylpent-2-enedioate and all four stereoisomers of 1-methylcyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylate were synthesized and tested, along with acrylate, with respect to their inhibitory potential. Acrylate and the 2-methylpent-2-enedioates were noninhibitory. Among the 1-methylcyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylates only the (1R,2R)-isomer displayed weak inhibition (noncompetitive, K(i) = 13 mM). Short incubation (5 min) of 2-methyleneglutarate mutase with 2-methyleneglutarate under anaerobic conditions generated an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal (g(xy) approximately 2.1; g(z) approximately 2.0), which by analogy with the findings on glutamate mutase from Clostridium cochlearium [Biochemistry, 1998, 37, 4105-4113] was assigned to cob(II)alamin coupled to a carbon-centered radical. At longer incubation times (>1 h), inactivation of the mutase occurred concomitant with the formation of oxygen-insensitive cob(II)alamin (g(xy) approximately 2.25; g(z) approximately 2.0). In order to identify the carbon-centered radical, various (13)C- and one (2)H-labeled substrate/product molecules were synthesized. Broadening (0.5 mT) of the EPR signal around g = 2.1 was observed only when C2 and/or C4 of 2-methyleneglutarate was labeled. No effect on the EPR signals was seen when [5'-(13)C]adenosylcobalamin was used as coenzyme. The inhibition and EPR data are discussed in the context of the addition-elimination and fragmentation-recombination mechanisms proposed for 2-methyleneglutarate mutase.

Searching for intermediates in the carbon skeleton rearrangement of 2-methyleneglutarate to (R)-3-methylitaconate catalyzed by coenzyme B12-dependent 2-methyleneglutarate mutase from Eubacterium barkeri.

In the catchment area of the Lake Patzcuaro in Central Mexico (933 km2) the apportionments of erosion, sediment, nutrients and pathogen coming from thirteen micro basins were estimated with the purpose of identifying critical areas in which best management practices need to be implemented in order to reduce their contribution to the lake pollution and eutrophication. The ArcView Generalized Watershed Loading Functions model (AV-GWLF) was applied to estimate the loads and sources of nutrients. The main results show that the total annual contribution of nitrogen from point sources were 491 tons and from diffuse pollution 2,065 tons, whereas phosphorus loads where 116 and 236 tons, respectively during a thirty year simulation period. Micro basins with predominant agricultural and animal farm land use (56% of the total area) accounts for a high percentage of nitrogen load 33% and phosphorus 52%. On the other hand, Patzcuaro and Quiroga micro basins which comprise approximately 10% of the total catchment area and are the most populated and visited towns by tourist 686,000 people every year, both contributes with 10.1% of the total nitrogen load and 3.2% of phosphorus. In terms of point sources of nitrogen and phosphorus the last towns contribute with 23.5% and 26.6% respectively. Under this situation the adoption of best management practices are an imperative task since the sedimentation and pollution in the lake has increased dramatically in the last twenty years.

Importance of diffuse pollution control in the Patzcuaro Lake Basin in Mexico.

Ventricular fibrillation occurring two hours after successful angioplasty in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome.

Painful ophthalmoplegia refers to periorbital or hemicraneal pain plus ipsilateral ocular motor nerve palsies with or without oculo-sympathetic paralysis, sensory loss in the distribution of V1 and V2 can co-occur. There are many etiologies of painful ophthalmoplegia. Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is a steroid-responsive painful ophthalmoplegia secondary to idiopatic granulomatous inflammation of the cavernous sinus or orbital apex. THS is a diagnosis of exclusion and treatment should be with high dose steroid.

Painful ophthalmoplegia of the left eye in a 19-year-old female, with an emphasis in Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: a case report.

Spanish holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota) open woodlands (dehesas) maintain a high diversity of plants and animals compared to other forested Mediterranean habits, but little is known about the responses of epiphytic lichens to different management regimes that are applied to this woodland type. The present study was carried out in central-southern Spain and included four management regimes: agriculture, grazing of sheep, grassland grazed by wild ungulates (deer), and abandoned dehesas covered by shrubs. Total species richness and cover exhibited considerable variation among management regimes. Both parameters tended to decrease with the intensity of management, abandoned dehesas maintaining a higher number of species than more intensively managed habitats. Lichen composition also significantly differed among the four regimes. Nitrophytic species were clearly associated with more intensive management regimes (farming or livestock management), whereas non-nitrophytic species favored abandoned dehesas.

Effects of Mediterranean dehesa management on epiphytic lichens.

Muscle strength declines with age in part due to a decline of Ca(2+) release from sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium stores. Skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptors (Ca(v)1.1) initiate muscle contraction by activating ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Ca(v)1.1 channel activity is enhanced by a retrograde stimulatory signal delivered by the ryanodine receptor. JP45 is a membrane protein interacting with Ca(v)1.1 and the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) storage protein calsequestrin (CASQ1). Here we show that JP45 and CASQ1 strengthen skeletal muscle contraction by modulating Ca(v)1.1 channel activity. Using muscle fibres from JP45 and CASQ1 double knockout mice, we demonstrate that Ca(2+) transients evoked by tetanic stimulation are the result of massive Ca(2+) influx due to enhanced Ca(v)1.1 channel activity, which restores muscle strength in JP45/CASQ1 double knockout mice. We envision that JP45 and CASQ1 may be candidate targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies against decay of skeletal muscle strength caused by a decrease in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) content.

Ruben Lopez

Lynntech

Fabrication of VB₂/Air Cells for Electrochemical Testing

Ruben Lopez

Lynntech

Fabrication of VB2/Air Cells for Electrochemical Testing

Fabrication of VB₂/Air Cells for Electrochemical Testing