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Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.

Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver, stimulates the proliferation and maturation of megakaryocytes into platelets, which are essential for blood clotting and wound healing.

Cytokines, small signaling glycoproteins, play a vital role in hematopoiesis. Interleukins and colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are two significant classes of cytokines that regulate the maturation of various blood cells. For example, granulocyte CSF promotes the growth and maturation of granular leukocytes. Interleukins target specific cell types; interleukin-2 stimulates T-cell proliferation, while interleukin-3 affects granulocytes, megakaryocytes, and erythroid precursors.

Tags
Hematopoietic Growth FactorsHematopoietic Stem CellsErythropoietinEPOThrombopoietinTPOMegakaryocytesPlateletsCytokinesHematopoiesisInterleukinsColony stimulating FactorsCSFsGranulocyte CSFT cell Proliferation

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22.7 : Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

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22.1 : Overview of the Cardiovascular System

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22.2 : Characteristics and Functions of Blood

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22.3 : Composition of Blood

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22.4 : Composition of Blood Plasma

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22.5 : Overview of Hematopoiesis

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22.6 : Production of Formed Elements

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22.8 : Erythropoiesis

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22.9 : Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis

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22.10 : Structure and Function of Erythrocytes

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22.11 : Hemoglobin

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22.12 : Lifecycle of Erythrocytes

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22.13 : Disorders of Erythrocytes

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22.14 : Structure and Function of Leukocytes

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22.15 : Classification of Leukocytes

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