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Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function

Cardiac arrhythmias and cardiovascular diseases are a major public health problem in developed countries. A major goal in preventive medicine is the ...

Ruhr University Bochum

Impaired renal function increases the bleeding risk, leading to a conservative prescription and frequent discontinuation of oral anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Interventional left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) might be an alternative therapeutic strategy for these patients.

Cerebrovascular events, bleeding complications and device related thrombi in atrial fibrillation patients with chronic kidney disease and left atrial appendage closure with the WATCHMAN™ device.

A new zero-fluoroscopy technique for electrophysiology catheter navigation relying on intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) has been recently reported (Ice&ICE trial). We investigated potential differences in efficacy, safety or procedural performance between conventional fluoroscopy- and ICE-guided cryothermal ablation (CA) in symptomatic AVNRT patients.

Intracardiac echocardiography versus fluoroscopy for endovascular and endocardial catheter navigation during cryo-ablation of the slow pathway in AVNRT patients.

 Feasibility study of accurate three lead ECG recording (Einthoven I, II and III) using an Apple Watch Series 4. : In 50 healthy subjects (18 male; age: 40 ± 12 years) without known cardiac disorders, a 12-lead ECG and three bipolar ECGs, corresponding to Einthoven leads I, II and III were recorded using an Apple Watch Series 4. Einthoven I was recorded with the watch on the left wrist and the right index finger on the crown, Einthoven II with the watch on the left lower abdomen and the right index finger on the crown, Einthoven III with the watch on the left lower abdomen and the left index finger on the crown. Four experienced cardiologists were independently asked to assign the watch ECGs to Einthoven leads from 12-lead ECG for each subject.  All watch ECGs showed an adequate signal quality with 134 ECGs of good (89%) and 16 of moderate signal quality (11%). Ninety-one percent of all watch ECGs were assigned correctly to corresponding leads from 12-lead ECG. Thirty-nine subjects (78%) were assigned correctly by all cardiologists. All assignment errors occurred in patients with similar morphologies and amplitudes in at least two of the three recorded leads. Erroneous assignment of all watch ECGs to leads from standard ECG occurred in no patient.  Recording of Einthoven leads I-III by a smartwatch is accurate and highly comparable to standard ECG. This might contribute to an earlier detection of cardiac disorders, which are associated with repolarization abnormalities or arrhythmias.

Recording of Bipolar Multichannel ECGs by a Smartwatch: Modern ECG Diagnostic 100 Years after Einthoven.

During high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) complications may occur, leading to unstable hemodynamic conditions. Circulatory support devices might help to intercept these conditions by supporting cardiac output. We investigated in a prospective trial the performance of the pulsatile iVAC2L system in the setting of high-risk PCI.

High-risk PCI under support of a pulsatile left ventricular assist device - First German experience with the iVAC2L system.

Smartwatches that are able to record a bipolar ECG and Einthoven leads were recently described. Nevertheless, for detection of ischemia or other cardiac diseases more leads are required, especially Wilson's chest leads.

Single-Lead ECG Recordings Including Einthoven and Wilson Leads by a Smartwatch: A New Era of Patient Directed Early ECG Differential Diagnosis of Cardiac Diseases?

Blerim Luani

Department of Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine,
Johannes Wesling University Hospital,
Department of Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johannes Wesling University Hospital

Ruhr University Bochum

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function

Blerim Luani

Department of Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine,Johannes Wesling University Hospital,Department of Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johannes Wesling University Hospital

Ruhr University Bochum

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function

Department of Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine,
Johannes Wesling University Hospital,
Department of Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johannes Wesling University Hospital