istanbul university

Technical advances and increased experience in full-endoscopic spinal surgeries enable these procedures to be performed with minimal incision, muscle retraction, and bone removal.

Hypothalamic hamartomas are rare, non-neoplastic congenital malformations mainly arising from the inferior hypothalamus or tuber cinereum. Surgical treatment is one of the most effective options, and the surgical approach must be precisely determined for each patient. Here, we describe the full-endoscopic technique for resecting hypothalamic hamartomas.

Here, we present a protocol to describe the full endoscopic interlaminar approach (FEILA) technique, including every cutoff step required to reach technical proficiency. FEILA is a surgery with a relatively steep learning adaptation. Despite this, any surgeon capable of microdiscectomy can perform FEILA with enough practice and suitable patient selection.