Kennedy Krieger Institute

5 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

Medicine

Adapted Resistance Training Improves Strength in Eight Weeks in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Jennifer L. Keller¹, Nora Fritz^1,2, Chen Chun Chiang¹, Allen Jiang¹, Tziporah Thompson³, Nicole Cornet¹, Scott D. Newsome⁴, Peter A. Calabresi⁴, Kathleen Zackowski^1,2,4

¹Motion Analysis Laboratory, Kennedy Krieger Institute, ²Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ³Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ⁴Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Hip weakness is a common symptom affecting walking ability in people with multiple sclerosis. Isolated muscle strengthening is a useful method to target specific weaknesses. This protocol describes a progressive resistance-training program using exercise bands to increase hip muscle strength.

Neuroscience

Online Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Protocol for Measuring Cortical Physiology Associated with Response Inhibition

Michael D. Guthrie¹, Donald L. Gilbert², David A. Huddleston², Ernest V. Pedapati^2,3, Paul S. Horn², Stewart H. Mostofsky⁴, Steve W. Wu²

¹College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, ²Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, ³Division of Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, ⁴Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute

We describe an experimental procedure to quantify excitability and inhibition of primary motor cortex during a motor response inhibition task by using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation throughout the course of a Stop Signal Task.

Medicine

Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRI—Application in Premanifest Huntington's Disease

Dan Wu¹, Andreia V. Faria¹, Laurent Younes^2,3,4, Christopher A. Ross⁵, Susumu Mori^1,6, Michael I. Miller^2,3,7

¹The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ²Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, ³Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, ⁴Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, ⁵Division of Neurobiology, Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ⁶F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, ⁷Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University

This paper describes a statistical model for volumetric MRI data analysis, which identifies the "change-point" when brain atrophy begins in premanifest Huntington's disease. Whole-brain mapping of the change-points is achieved based on brain volumes obtained using an atlas-based segmentation pipeline of T1-weighted images.

Developmental Biology

Performing Human Skeletal Muscle Xenografts in Immunodeficient Mice

Kyla A. Britson^1,2, Aaron D. Black^2,3, Kathryn R. Wagner^1,2,3,4, Thomas E. Lloyd^1,2,4

¹Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ²Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ³Kennedy Krieger Institute, ⁴Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Complex human diseases can be challenging to model in traditional laboratory model systems. Here, we describe a surgical approach to model human muscle disease through the transplantation of human skeletal muscle biopsies into immunodeficient mice.

Neuroscience

Modeling Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus of Prematurity in Rats

Shenandoah Robinson^1,2,3,4,5, Timothy Heck^3,4, Riddhi Patel^3,4, Balaji Vijayakumar^3,4, Hawley Helmbrecht^3,4, Yuma Kitase^3,4, Lauren L. Jantzie^1,2,3,4,5

¹Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ²Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ³Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ⁴Neurosciences Intensive Care Nursery, Johns Hopkins Children's Center, ⁵Kennedy Krieger Institute

Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus of prematurity (PHHP) can be modeled in neonatal rats by combining chorioamnionitis and intraventricular hemorrhage. The combination of these prenatal and postnatal events accurately recapitulates the clinical hallmarks of PHHP, including macrocephaly, ventriculomegaly, and elevated intracranial pressure, through the lifespan.